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You Ain't SPDY
Chris Strom (@eee_c)
Ruby Nation
2012-03-23
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@backbonerecipes
w/ Nick Gauthier
@spdybook
@dart4hipsters
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Why SPDY?
Deliver web pages and sophisticated
web applications faster and more
securely than is possible with vanilla
HTTP
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SPDY is a replacement for
HTTP
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SPDY is backwards
compatible with HTTP
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SPDY still does HTTP-like
things
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SPDY is optimized for page
load times
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SPDY is
optimized for
page load times
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+
You?
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SPDY
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SPDY
is
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SPDY
is
the most
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SPDY
is
the most
heavily
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SPDY
is
the most
heavily
tested
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SPDY
is
the most
heavily
tested
protocol
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SPDY
is
the most
heavily
tested
protocol
ever.
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HTTP is antiquated
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HTTP is antiquated
HTTP has not been updated in 12
years
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HTTP is antiquated
HTTP has not been updated in 12
years
HTTP is old
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HTTP is antiquated
HTTP has not been updated in 12
years
HTTP is old
HTTP is so old...
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A Tale of Two Websites
by
httparchive.org
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38% of broadband users will
close a site if it doesn't
respond in 4 seconds
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38% of broadband users will
close a site if it doesn't
respond in 4 seconds
(precision is the key to any good statistic)
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= $$$
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That's freaking crazy
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Site #2...
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took 4.2 seconds
to load 469kB of data
over 75 requests
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took 4.2 seconds
to load 469kB of data
over 75 requests
took ??? seconds
to load 806kB of data
over 83 requests
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took 4.2 seconds
to load 469kB of data
over 75 requests
took ??? seconds
to load 806kB of data
over 83 requests
Average:
816kB of data
over 83 requests
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How does Amazon do it?
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But wait! There's more...
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Got all that?
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HTTP Optimizations
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!HTTP Optimizations
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!HTTP Optimizations
HTTP Workarounds
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Bandwidth Will Save US!
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Bandwidth Will Save US!
(won't it?)
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Bandwidth Doesn't Matter
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Bandwidth Doesn't Matter
Beyond ~3mpbs, bandwidth
makes no difference for
page load times
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Bandwidth is for Downloading Ubuntu
(not the Ubuntu download page)
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The Internet is built of tubes...
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Data travels One Way thru HTTP Tubes
(kinda like a stargate)
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HTTP Tubes in Action
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How can the internet
possibly work like that?
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Problem Solved
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Problem Solved
?
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Brrr..! Connections Need to be Warmed
thermometer indicating cold temperature
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Warm Connections == Higher Bandwidth
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Why Not Start the Tubes Warm?
● Large congestion window (CWND)
● CWND is initially 3
● 6 connections => we already have 18 initial CWND
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Why Not Start the Tubes Warm?
● Large congestion window (CWND)
● CWND is initially 3
● 6 connections => we already have 18 initial CWND
● Already subverting TCP/IP
● Is subverting further a good idea?
● Especially given data loss rates that we already see?
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SPDY Tube...!
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SPDY Conversations...!
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SPDY!
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SPDY! It offers no new ideas!
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SPDY
● Built on SSL
● Binary
● Don't send redundant header information
● Aggressively compress stuff
● Use a single(!) tube
○ Only pay the warm-up penalty once
○ Just like downloading an Ubuntu ISO!!!
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SPDY
● SYN_STREAM
● SYN_REPLY
● RST_STREAM
● SETTINGS
● HEADERS
● PING
● GOAWAY
● WINDOW_UPDATE
● DATA
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SPDY
● SYN_STREAM
● SYN_REPLY
● RST_STREAM
● SETTINGS
● HEADERS
● PING
● GOAWAY
● WINDOW_UPDATE
● DATA
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Current State of SPDY in Ruby
In a word....
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Current State of SPDY in Ruby
In a word.... Ugh.
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● An openssl-generated server key
● The SPDY Gem
● Edge-openssl for NPN (Next Protocol Negotiation)
● Carson McDonald's NPN enabled fork of
eventmachine* (in the tls-npn branch) — pull request
#196
* https://github.com/carsonmcdonald/eventmachine
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Real Browser Connections
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Packaging/Compressing Responses
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Real Browser Connections
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SPDY Server Push
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SPDY Server Push
Pushes data directly into the
browser cache
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Client Request (SYN_STREAM)
+----------------------------------+
80 02 00 01 |1| Version | 1 |
+----------------------------------+
02 00 00 38 | Flags (8) | Length (24 bits) |
+----------------------------------+
00 00 00 01 |X| Stream-ID (31bits) |
+----------------------------------+
00 00 00 00 |X|Associated-To-Stream-ID (31bits)|
+----------------------------------+
00 00 62 60 | Pri | Unused | |
+------------------ |
64 60 06 05 | Name/value header block |
81 42 46 49 | ... |
49 41 b1 95
....
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Server Response (SYN_REPLY)
+----------------------------------+
80 02 00 02 |1| Version | 2 |
+----------------------------------+
00 00 00 a4 | Flags (8) | Length (24 bits) |
+----------------------------------+
00 00 00 01 |X| Stream-ID (31bits) |
+----------------------------------+
00 00 78 bb | Unused | |
df a2 51 b2 +---------------- |
62 e0 64 e0 | Name/value header block |
42 c4 10 03 | ... |
57 76 6a 6a
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Server Push (SYN_STREAM)
+----------------------------------+
80 02 00 01 |1| Version | 1 |
+----------------------------------+
02 00 00 51 | Flags (8) | Length (24 bits) |
+----------------------------------+
00 00 00 02 |X| Stream-ID (31bits) |
+----------------------------------+
00 00 00 01 |X|Associated-To-Stream-ID (31bits)|
+----------------------------------+
00 00 62 60 | Pri | Unused | |
+------------------ |
| Name/value header block |
23 c2 37 cc | ... |
a0 40 52 c8
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SPDY Server Push
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SPDY Server Push
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SPDY Server Push
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SPDY Server Push
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SPDY Server Push
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Server Push #2 (SYN_STREAM)
+----------------------------------+
80 02 00 01 |1| Version | 1 |
+----------------------------------+
02 00 01 5b | Flags (8) | Length (24 bits) |
+----------------------------------+
00 00 00 04 |X| Stream-ID (31bits) |
+----------------------------------+
00 00 00 01 |X|Associated-To-Stream-ID (31bits)|
+----------------------------------+
00 00 62 60 | Pri | Unused | |
+------------------ |
| Name/value header block |
23 c2 37 cc | ... |
a0 40 52 c8
28 29 29 28
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SPDY Server Push
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SPDY Server Push
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SPDY Server Push
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SPDY Server Push
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SPDY Server Push
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SPDY Server Push
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took 11.4 seconds
to load 806kB of data
over 83 requests
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Thanks!
Chris Strom (@eee_c)
spdybook.com
Coupon: rn2012 (free!)
See also
Recipes with Backbone(.js)
recipeswithbackbone.com
Dart for Hipsters
dart4hipsters.com