Rails高速化戦略 / Speeding Up Rails

by toshimaru

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Rails ߴ଎Խઓུ 2016.7.14 Roppongi.rb #1 Toshimaru Roppongi.rb #1 1

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self.introduction • name: Toshimaru • Github: tohimaru • Twitter: @toshimaru_e • ! Roppongi.rb Organizer Roppongi.rb #1 2

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Rails (Ruby) ஗͍ΑͶ Roppongi.rb #1 3

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Go ࢖͓͏ Roppongi.rb #1 4

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׬ Roppongi.rb #1 5

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Ͱ΋Rails ࢖͍͍ͨΑͶ Roppongi.rb #1 6

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begin Roppongi.rb #1 7

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جຊฤ Roppongi.rb #1 8

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Ruby Version Up Roppongi.rb #1 9

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Ruby Version History • 2013.2: Ruby 2.0 • 2013.12: Ruby 2.1 • 2014.12: Ruby 2.2 • 2015.12: Ruby 2.3 • 20xx: Ruby 3.0 Roppongi.rb #1 10

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Ruby 3 x 3 Roppongi.rb #1 12

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ͱ͋ΔRailsΞϓϦͷ৔߹ Roppongi.rb #1 13

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Ruby 2.0 => 2.1 Ruby Version Up ͚ͩͰ Ϩεϙϯε଎౓͕໿2ഒ޲্ Roppongi.rb #1 15

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Ruby Version Up ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯίʔυมߋθϩͰ΋1 Rubyόʔδϣϯ্͛Δ͜ͱͰ଎౓վળ 1 ͨͩ͠RubyόʔδϣϯࠩҟʹΑΔඇޓ׵ੑΛղফ͢ΔͨΊͷมߋ͸ඞཁ Roppongi.rb #1 16

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What about Rails? Roppongi.rb #1 17

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ࣃΛ৯͍͠͹ͬͯ Rails/RubyΛ όʔδϣϯΞοϓ! Roppongi.rb #1 21

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What about Rails? Rails ஗͘ͳͬͯ΋ Ruby ͸଎͘ͳ͍ͬͯΔ ͜ΕͰτϯτϯͩΖ, Φʔέʔ❓ Roppongi.rb #1 22

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ϘτϧωοΫΛ௵͢ Roppongi.rb #1 23

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ਪଌ͢Δͳ ܭଌͤΑɹ Roppongi.rb #1 24

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Find bottleneck • NewRelic • rack-mini-proﬁler • rack-lineprof Roppongi.rb #1 25

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ActiveRecord Optimization ! ໰୊ൃݟܕ • bullet: Kill N+1 issue! • activerecord-cause: Logs where ActiveRecord actually loads record Roppongi.rb #1 26

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ActiveRecord Optimization ! DBεΩʔϚ࠷దԽܕ • ﬂag_shih_tzu: Bit ﬁelds for ActiveRecord • counter-cache: cacheing count query result • counter_culture: Better counter-cache Roppongi.rb #1 27

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ActiveRecord Optimization ⚡ ΫΤϦޮ཰Խܕ • activerecord-precount: Yet another counter_cache alternative. • activerecord-import: bulk inserting data Roppongi.rb #1 28

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ΫΤϦΛҙࣝͯ͠ ActiveRecord ࢖͍͜ͳͦ͏ by ࿝֐ Roppongi.rb #1 29

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Less rendering partials Roppongi.rb #1 30

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N+1 partial rendering <%# views/items/index %> <% @items.each do |item| %> <%= render item %> <% end %> <%# views/items/_item %> <%= item.name %> <%= link_to 'Show', item %> <%= link_to 'Edit', edit_item_path(item) %> <%= link_to 'Destroy', item, method: :delete %> Roppongi.rb #1 31

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Log with N+1 rendering Processing by ItemsController#index as HTML Rendering items/index.html.erb within layouts/application Item Load (0.3ms) SELECT "items".* FROM "items" Rendered items/_item.html.erb (0.5ms) Rendered items/_item.html.erb (0.3ms) ...snip... Rendered items/_item.html.erb (0.5ms) Rendered items/_item.html.erb (0.3ms) Rendered items/index.html.erb within layouts/application (57.7ms) Completed 200 OK in 80ms (Views: 77.1ms | ActiveRecord: 0.3ms) Roppongi.rb #1 32

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Collection rendering <%# views/items/index %> <%= render @items %> <%# views/items/_item %> <%= item.name %> <%= link_to 'Show', item %> <%= link_to 'Edit', edit_item_path(item) %> <%= link_to 'Destroy', item, method: :delete %> Roppongi.rb #1 33

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Log without N+1 rendering Processing by ItemsController#index as HTML Rendering items/index.html.erb within layouts/application Item Load (0.4ms) SELECT "items".* FROM "items" Rendered collection of items/_item.html.erb [29 times] (6.9ms) Rendered items/index.html.erb within layouts/application (10.3ms) Completed 200 OK in 29ms (Views: 26.4ms | ActiveRecord: 0.4ms) Roppongi.rb #1 34

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[جຊฤ] ·ͱΊ • Ruby Version Up • ϘτϧωοΫ೺Ѳ => ௵͢ • gemΛ༗ޮ׆༻ͯ͠ActiveRecord/ΫΤϦ࠷ద Խ • ύʔγϟϧϨϯμϦϯάΛݮΒ͢ Roppongi.rb #1 35

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தڃฤ Roppongi.rb #1 36

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Rails caching Roppongi.rb #1 37

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3 types of cacheing2 1. Fragment Cache: View fragment caching. 2. Action Cache: Controller's action caching (removed in Rails4). 3. Page Cache: Static page caching (removed in Rails4). 2 Caching with Rails: An overview — Ruby on Rails Guides Roppongi.rb #1 38

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1. Fragment Cache Roppongi.rb #1 39

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1. Fragment Cache • άϩʔόϧφϏɾαΠυόʔͳͲͷଟ͘ݺ͹Ε Δڞ௨ίϯςϯπʹ༗ޮ • ॏ͍ॲཧ͕૸ΔϏϡʔͷҰ෦෼Ͱ͋Ε͹͋Δ΄ Ͳߴ଎Խ͕ظ଴Ͱ͖Δ • Advanced Usage: Russian Doll Caching Roppongi.rb #1 40

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2. Action Cache Roppongi.rb #1 41

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2. Action Cache • Rails4Ͱ࡟আ͞ΕͯgemԽ: actionpack- action_caching • ViewͷखલͷControllerͷActionࣗମͷॲཧ͕ ॏ͍৔߹ʹ༗ޮ • cache_path ͰΩϟογϡΩʔΛΧελϚΠζ Մೳ Roppongi.rb #1 42

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3. Page Cache • Rails4Ͱ࡟আ͞ΕͯgemԽ: actionpack- page_caching • Ωϟογϡର৅ͱͳΔControllerͷActionͷੜ ੒͢ΔHTMLΛ·Δͬͱ੩తϑΝΠϧʹు͖ग़ ͢ • ͦͷ੩తϑΝΠϧΛNGINXͳͲͷWeb Server/ Reverse ProxyͰϋϯυϦϯά Roppongi.rb #1 43

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[தڃฤ] ·ͱΊ • FragmentCache Λ࢖ͬͯϏϡʔͷϨϯμϦϯ άΛߴ଎Խ • Controller ࣗମͷॲཧ͕ॏ͍ͳΒ ActionCache/PageCacheΛݕ౼ Roppongi.rb #1 44

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⚠ ஫ҙ • Ωϟογϡͯ͠΋ࠜͬ͜ͷ໰୊͸ফ͑ͳ͍ • ΩϟογϡͷϥΠϑαΠΫϧ؅ཧ • ༻๏༻ྔΛकͬͯਖ਼͓͘͠࢖͍͍ͩ͘͞ Roppongi.rb #1 45

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্ڃฤ Roppongi.rb #1 46

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੩తϑΝΠϧ഑৴ Roppongi.rb #1 47

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NGINX Roppongi.rb #1 48

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CDN Roppongi.rb #1 49

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͋Ε Railsͷ࿩͡Όͳ͘Ͷʁ Roppongi.rb #1 50

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Rails Web ߴ଎Խઓུ Roppongi.rb #1 51

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ϨΠςϯγʹෛ͚ͳ͍ϓϩτίϧ HTTP/2 Roppongi.rb #1 54

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Before HTTP/2 Roppongi.rb #1 55

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After HTTP/2 Roppongi.rb #1 56

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HTTP/2 • ϦΫΤετଟॏԽ • HTTP vs HTTPS — Test them both yourself Roppongi.rb #1 57

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Question ͋ͳͨ͸౒ྗͯ͠Ծʹαʔ όʔϨεϙϯελΠϜΛ1ms ʹͨ͠ͱ͠·͠ΐ͏ɻ े෼ʹ଎͘ͳͬͨͱݴ͑·͢ ͔ʁ Roppongi.rb #1 58

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Answer ! No Roppongi.rb #1 59

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Ϣʔβʔͷମײ଎౓ ! Server-side response ➕ Client-side Speed Roppongi.rb #1 60

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Rails5 on Heroku Ͱ HelloWorld App ͷ৔߹4 4 PageSpeed Insights Λ࢖ͬͯܭଌ Roppongi.rb #1 61

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80఺ҎԼ... ! Roppongi.rb #1 62

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⚡ AMP • Webߴ଎ԽͷϕετϓϥΫςΟεΛ٧ΊࠐΜͩ ࢓༷/੍ݶ • Why AMP is fast — Medium • Google AMP Cache: GoogleͰΩϟογϡͯ͠ ίϯςϯπ഑৴Λݞ୅ΘΓ • => Google AMP CDN Roppongi.rb #1 63

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[্ڃฤ] ·ͱΊ • CDN Ͱίϯςϯπ഑৴Λ࠷దԽ • HTTP/2 ͰϨΠςϯγʹෛ͚ͳ͍ • AMPʹΑΔWebϖʔδͷߴ଎Խ Roppongi.rb #1 64

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end Roppongi.rb #1 65

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ࢀߟࢿྉ • High Performance Rails (long edition) // Speaker Deck • RailsύϑΥʔϚϯεجຊͷΩ // Speaker Deck • 3x Rails // Speaker Deck • ΢ΣϒΛ଎͘͢ΔͨΊʹDeNA͕΍͍ͬͯΔ͜ ͱ - HTTP/2ͱɺ͞Βʹͦͷઌ Roppongi.rb #1 66

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ࢀߟࢿྉ • Rails Upgrade Casual Talks // Speaker Deck • σβΠφʔ΍σΟϨΫλʔ΋஌͓͖͍ͬͯͨɺ ϖʔδදࣔ଎౓ͷߴ଎Խͷجຊ – Rriver • ep22 AMP | mozaic.fm Roppongi.rb #1 67