Golang API Testing the HARD way

by Seiji Takahashi

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API TESTING THE HARD WAY @__timakin__ Go CONFERENCE 2018 Autumn

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SEIJI TAKAHASHI timakin @__timakin__ __timakin__ ॴଐɿ(VOPTZ*ODϝσ ΟΞࣄۀຊ෦ ݴޠɿ(P 4XJGU +BWB4DSJQU

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ΞδΣϯμ w (Pͷ"1*ͷςετʹ͓͚ΔςελϏϦςΟ w ςετʹؔ͢Δ5JQT w Ϣχοτςετʹ͍ͭͯ w ΠϯςάϨʔγϣϯςετʹ͍ͭͯ w ϥΠϒϥϦબఆɺͭ·͍ͮͨՕॴ

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(Pͷςετϊ΢ϋ΢ w Ϣχοτςετͷޮ཰Խ w (Pͷ༏Εͨඪ४ػೳ

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(Pͷςετϊ΢ϋ΢ w Ϣχοτςετͷޮ཰Խ w (Pͷ༏Εͨඪ४ػೳ w .PDL w JOUFSGBDFʹΑΔந৅Խ

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(Pͷςετϊ΢ϋ΢ w Ϣχοτςετͷޮ཰Խ w (Pͷ༏Εͨඪ४ػೳ w .PDL w JOUFSGBDFʹΑΔந৅Խ w 5FTUJOHGSBNFXPSLT

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(Pͷςετϊ΢ϋ΢ w Ϣχοτςετͷޮ཰Խ w (Pͷ༏Εͨඪ४ػೳ w .PDL w JOUFSGBDFʹΑΔந৅Խ w 5FTUJOHGSBNFXPSLT w OFUIUUQIUUQUFTUͷ࢖͍ํ

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ςετͷ࣮ྫ ʢಛʹΠϯςάϨʔγϣϯςετʣ ͷྫ͕Կނ͔ෆ଍͍ͯ͠Δʜ

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(PͰςετ͢Δ৔߹ͷجຊ w JOUFSGBDFͷ׆༻ w AQBDLBHFYYY@UFTUAͱ͍͏໋໊ w 5BCMF%SJWFO5FTU w 5FTU$BDIF $PWFSBHF #FODINBSL

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*OUFSGBDFΛ׆༻ͯ͠ΔͱԿ͕͍͍ͷ͔ʁ w ผͷϨΠϠʔͷ࣮૷Λ஌ΒͣʹίʔυΛॻ͖ਐΊΒ ΕΔ w ࣮૷ͷ੾Γସ͕͑༰қʹߦ͑Δ w NPDLੜ੒ʹ࢖͑Δ w αϯϓϧϨεϙϯεͷ࡞੒౳͕೉͍͠  ֎෦"1*ݺͼग़͠ͳͲͰ໾ʹཱͭ

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AQBDLBHFYYY@UFTUA w 5FTU1BDLBHFΛ࣮૷ͱ෼཭͢Δ w ࣮ࡍͷݺͼग़͠ํͱܗࣜΛ߹ΘͤΔ w QSJWBUFͳม਺ʹର͢Δࢀর͕Ͱ͖ͳ͍Α͏ʹ͢Δ

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5BCMF%SJWFO5FTU

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5BCMF%SJWFO5FTU w ςετର৅ͱͳΔσʔλ഑ྻɺ  ظ଴͞ΕΔ݁Ռͷ഑ྻΛΠςϨʔτ͢Δ͜ͱͰ  ෳ਺ͷςετέʔεΛ؆ܿʹ·ͱΊΒΕΔɻ w ϕϯνϚʔΫΛ෼͚ͨΓɺU1BSBMMFMΛ࢖͍͍ͨ৔߹ ͸4VCUFTUT΋ݕ౼͢Δɻ

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5FTU$BDIF $PWFSBHF #FODINBSL w 5FTU$BDIF  ςετؔ਺͝ͱʹ*%͕ৼΒΕͯɺ  ݁Ռ͕ϑΝΠϧʹు͖ग़͞Εͯอଘ͞ΕΔɻ  Ұக͢Δ݁Ռ͕͋Ε͹࢖͍ճ͢ɻ w $PWFSBHF #FODINBSL  ඪ४Ͱαϙʔτ͞ΕΔ  ΧόϨοδϨϙʔτͷग़ྗɺϕϯνϚʔΫ

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$BDIFʹ͍ͭͯ͸ʜ IUUQTTQFBLFSEFDLDPNUJNBLJOIPXHPDBDIFUFTUT

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(PͰςελϏϦςΟʔΛ্͛Δʹ͸ w ͦ΋ͦ΋ςετ͕͠ʹ͍͘ίʔυ͸μ ϝ w JOUFSGBDFͰϞοΫՄೳͳ෦ҐΛ૿΍͢ w ςετϔϧύʔͷॆ࣮ w ϢχοτςετʹدͤΒΕΔͱ͜Ζ͸  పఈͯ͠دͤΔׂͱେࣄ

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(PͰςελϏϦςΟʔΛ্͛Δʹ͸ w ϢχοτςετͷͨΊͷඪ४ػೳ͕  ௒ॆ࣮͍ͯ͠ΔͷͰɺͦΕΛ׆༻͢ΔͨΊʹ΋ɺ  Ͱ͖ΔݶΓߏ଄ମͷςετύοέʔδʹ  ϩδοΫΛूதͤ͞Δɻ w 4FSWJDF૚ʹϑΟϧλϦϯάͷϩδοΫΛ࢒ͨ͠Γ ͠ͳ͍ɻ

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͜͜·Ͱ͕લఏ

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Ϣχοτςετͷ࿩

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Ϣχοτςετͷ5JQT w 5FTU)FMQFS w 4UVCTUBOEBSEQBDLBHFT w 'JYUVSFT w 5FTUJOHGSBNFXPSLT

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5FTU)FMQFS U)FMQFS ΛݺͿ͜ͱͰɺ  )FMQFSͷؔ਺ΛςετΛ  ϚʔΫͯ͠ɺGBJMͨ࣌͠ʹ  ݺͼग़͠ՕॴΛQSJOUͯ͘͠ΕΔɻ ͜ΕΛݺ͹ͳ͍ͱ಺෦ͰGBJM͠ ͨΓɺॲཧΛڞ௨Խͨ࣌͠ʹਏ ͍ࢥ͍Λ͢Δɻ

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5FTU)FMQFS ඪ४ύοέʔδͷςετ͸ಛʹ)FMQFS͕׆༻͞Ε͍ͯΔ ʢSVO DPQZ'JMF OFX5FNQ%JSʣ

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4UVCTUBOEBSEQBDLBHFT w UJNFύοέʔδɺSBOEύοέʔδͳͲͷ݁ՌΛ࢖͏ ॲཧ͸TUVC͢Δඞཁ͕͋Δ

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ελϒํ๏ w άϩʔόϧม਺ͷࠩ͠ସ͑ w ελϒՄೳͳϥούʔ w αʔυύʔςΟύοέʔδͷར༻

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άϩʔόϧม਺ͷࠩ͠ସ͑ άϩʔόϧͳม਺ͰมΘΓ͏Δ݁ՌΛऔಘ͢ ΔΑ͏ʹ͠ɺςετ࣌͸ͦΕΛॻ͖׵͑Δɻ ಉ͡஋ͳΒͱ΋͔͘ɺQBSBMMFMͰ΍ͬͨ࣌ʹෆ ͕҆͋Δɻ HPSN͕΍ͬͯΔʜ IUUQTHJUIVCDPNKJO[IVHPSNCMPCNBTUFSVUJMTHP-

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ελϒՄೳͳϥούʔ ελϒ༻ͷ஋͕ηοτ͞Εͯ  ͍ͨΒఆ਺తʹ஋Λฦؔ͢਺Λ  ఆٛ͢Δɻ

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αʔυύʔςΟύοέʔδͷར༻ w ࣌ࠁݻఆ w HJUIVCDPNCFOCKPIOTPODMPDL w HJUIVCDPNULVDIJLJGBLFUJNF w DPEFDMPVEGPVOESZPSHDMPDL

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4UVCTUBOEBSEQBDLBHFT w ʮ༗ޮظݶΛա͗ͨΒΤϯςΟςΟΛແޮԽ͢Δʯ  Έ͍ͨͳॲཧ͕͋Δ৔߹ɺ࣌ࠁΛ୯७ʹݻఆ͢Δͩ ͚Ͱ͸ͳ͘ਐΊΔඞཁ͕͋Δ w ͦ͏ͨ͠৔߹͸αʔυύʔςΟͷύοέʔδ΋ߟ ྀʹೖΕΔ͕ɺʢ͍ͩͿ࣮૷͕গͳ͍ͷͰʣ  جຊతʹؔ਺Ͱϥοϓ͢Ε͹ࣄ଍ΓΔͱࢥΘΕΔɻ

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'JYUVSFT w ςετσʔλͷఆٛํ๏ w ߏ଄ମ w ഑ྻͷσʔλߏ଄ʢ5BCMF%SJWFO5FTUʣ w ͦͷଞ w +40/ :".-

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'JYUVSFT w ߏ଄ମ w ϙΠϯλΛड͚औͬͯૢ࡞͢Δؔ਺Λςετ͢Δ ৔߹ɺςετ༻ͷม਺ͷݩσʔλ͕มΘΓଓ͚ͯɺ ҙਤ͠ͳ͍ڍಈ͕ى͜Δɻ w 5BCMF%SJWFO5FTUͷΑ͏ʹݸผͷέʔεͰࢀর͢ Δσʔλ͕ҧ͏৔߹͸0,

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'JYUVSFT w +40/ :".- w JPVUJM3FBE'JMFͯ͠ςετσʔλΛಡΈࠐΉ w ಡΈࠐΈ༻ͷσʔλ͸JOQVU ·ͨ͸TSD   ൺֱ༻ͷσʔλ͸HPMEFO w "1*ͷϦΫΤετͱϨεϙϯεΛ  શ෦+40/ఆ͓͍ٛͯͯ͠ςετ͢Δͷ΋͋Γ 

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'JYUVSFT w JOQVUHPMEFO w ඪ४ύοέʔδͰͷར༻Օॴ w ςετΧόϨοδϖʔδͷ಺༰ݕূ w (PEPDੜ੒಺༰ݕূ

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'JYUVSFT w JOQVUHPMEFO w ඪ४ύοέʔδͰͷར༻Օॴ w ςετΧόϨοδϖʔδͷ಺༰ݕূ w (PEPDੜ੒಺༰ݕূ w ࣮ࡍͷར༻ྫ w "1*ͷϦΫΤετͱϨεϙϯεΛ  શ෦+40/ఆ͓͍ٛͯͯ͠ςετ͢Δ w εςʔλείʔυ͚ͩνΣοΫ͢ΔΑ͏ͳ৔߹͸ɺ  ϦΫΤετ͚ͩATSDAͱ͍͏Α͏ͳ໋໊Ͱఆٛ͢Δͷ΋͋Γ

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5FTUJOHGSBNFXPSLT w ʮ(Pͬͯɺ\\೚ҙͷݴޠ໊^^Ͱ͍͏ͱ͜Ζ\\ͦͷݴޠͷ୅දత ͳςετϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ໊^^ͬͯͳΜ͔ͳ͍ΜͰ͔͢ʁʯ w "1*ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫͰ΋ಉٞ͡࿦͕͋Δͱࢥ͍·͕͢ʜ

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5FTUJOHGSBNFXPSLT w ʮ(Pͬͯɺ\\೚ҙͷݴޠ໊^^Ͱ͍͏ͱ͜Ζ\\ͦͷݴޠͷ୅දత ͳςετϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ໊^^ͬͯͳΜ͔ͳ͍ΜͰ͔͢ʁʯ w "1*ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫͰ΋ಉٞ͡࿦͕͋Δͱࢥ͍·͕͢ʜ w ςετϑϨʔϜϫʔΫͷੋඇ w ଞͷਓ͕ແݶʹޠ͍ͬͯΔͷͰলུ w ʮͨͩͷ%4-ʯ w ʮίϯςΩετʹ͋ͬͨϝοηʔδදࣔʯ w ʮUFTUJOHͰඞཁे෼ʯ w ʮϝϯςอূʯ w ʮπʔϧؒͷ࿈ܞͷऔΓ΍͢͞ʯ

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5FTUJOHGSBNFXPSLT w ͜Ε͘Β͍ͳΒೖΕͯ΋Α͘ͳ͍ʁͱ͍͏ύοέʔδ w HJUIVCDPNHPPHMFHPDNQ w HJUIVCDPNTUSFUDISUFTUJGZ w 5BCMF%SJWFO5FTUͰͪΌΜͱςετέʔε໊ॻ͍͓͚ͯ͹  ࠔΔ͜ͱ΋গͳ͍ͷͰผʹ͍Βͳ͍͔΋

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5FTUJOHGSBNFXPSLT w ͜Ε͘Β͍ͳΒೖΕͯ΋Α͘ͳ͍ʁͱ͍͏ύοέʔδ w HJUIVCDPNHPPHMFHPDNQ w HJUIVCDPNTUSFUDISUFTUJGZ w 5BCMF%SJWFO5FTUͰͪΌΜͱςετέʔε໊ॻ͍͓͚ͯ͹  ࠔΔ͜ͱ΋গͳ͍ͷͰผʹ͍Βͳ͍͔΋ w ݸਓతʹೖΕͳ͍ύοέʔδ w ඞཁे෼ͳ͸ͣͷUFTUJOHύοέʔδͷϥούʔ w HPUFTUUPPMT w (P$POWFZ w (PCMJO

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ΠϯςάϨʔγϣϯςετͷ࿩

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ΠϯςάϨʔγϣϯςετʹඞཁͳ͜ͱ w ࣮ߦ؀ڥ w %# DBDIF w 'JYUVSF w ࣌ࠁɾཚ਺ݻఆ w DPOUFYU಺ม਺ w ֎෦"1*ͷ.PDL w "1*SFRSFTͷݕূ

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࣮ߦ؀ڥͷߏங w %#ɺDBDIFΛͲͷΑ͏ʹཱͯΔ͔ w .PDL͢Δ w σʔϞϯ࣮ߦ w EPDLFSίϯςφΛཱͯΔ

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%#पΓͰඞཁͳ࡞ۀ w ςετ࣮ߦ͝ͱʹҎԼͷϑϩʔΛ౿Ή ίωΫγϣϯཱ֬ ςʔϒϧ࡞੒ Ϛελσʔλద༻ ςετ࣮ߦ ςʔϒϧഁغ ίωΫγϣϯ੾அ

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%#Λ.PDL͢Δͷ͸ྑ͍͔ʁ w ͋·ΓϕλʔͰ͸ͳ͍ͱࢥ͏ w 42-จ͕ؒҧ͍ͬͯΔ͔Ͳ͏͔͸ίϯύΠϧ࣌ʹ ؾ͚ͮͳ͍ w αʔυύʔςΟ"1*ͳΒ·ͩ͠΋ɺ%#ͳΒࣗ෼Ͱ ؀ڥ͕༻ҙͯ͠ɺҙਤ௨Γ͔Ͳ͏͔ͷݕূ͕ Ͱ͖Δͷ͔ͩΒɺ.PDL͠ͳ͍ํ͕ྑ͍

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σʔϞϯ࣮ߦ w HJUIVCDPNMFTUSSBUHPUFTUNZTRME w Կ΋ߟ͑ͳͯ͘΋NZTRME͕࣮ߦͰ͖Δ

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ίϯςφ w (PͰ%PDLFSʹ઀ଓ͢Δϥούʔ w HJUIVCDPNGTPV[BHPEPDLFSDMJFOU w HJUIVCDPNPSZEPDLFSUFTU w ςετͷͨΊʹ.Z42-΍3FEJT઀ଓ͕Ͱ͖Δ  ྗڧ͍ϥούʔ w ࣗલͰEPDLFSίϯςφͨͯΔ࣌ʹඞཁͳ  ىಈ֬ೝऔΕΔ·Ͱͷ1JOHͳͲΛ΍ͬͯ͘ΕΔ

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ίϯςφ

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γϯϓϧͳ઀ଓ %#ͷίωΫγϣϯͳͲɺ DMPTFͷॲཧ͕ඞཁͳ΋ ͷ͸ɺ UFBSEPXO༻ͷGVODΛฦ ٫͓͍ͯͯ͠ɺ ࢀর͍ͯ͠Δؔ਺಺Ͱ EFGFSͰ࣮ߦ͢Δͱ  ҆શɻ

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'JYUVSF w ϢχοτςετͱҟͳΓ༻్͕͍͔ͭ͋͘Δ w SFRSFTݕূ༻ͷQBZMPBE w ࣄલʹ%#ʹೖΕ͓ͯͨ͘Ίͷσʔλ w ڞ௨ͷϚελσʔλ w ݸผͷςετ༻ʹ༻ҙ͞Εͨσʔλ

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SFRSFTݕূ༻ͷQBZMPBE w JOQVUHPMEFOͰQBZMPBEΛ+40/ʹ·ͱΊ͓ͯ͘ w ΫΤϦύϥϝʔλʔ΋ඞཁͳΒ੾Γग़͓ͯ͘͠

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ςʔϒϧ࡞੒ɾ࡟আ w ςʔϒϧఆ͕ٛ͹Βͭ͘ͱ໘౗ͳͷͰɺ  HJUIVCDPNLLVCVOTRMEFGΛ࢖ͬͯ  ҰݸͷεΩʔϚʹ࠷৽ͷঢ়ଶΛ·ͱΊ͓ͯ͘ͱศར

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ςʔϒϧ࡞੒ɾ࡟আ

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Ϛελσʔλςετ͝ͱͷσʔλ w ݸਓతʹ͸ҎԼͷΑ͏ʹɺϚελσʔλͱͦΕҎ֎ Λ෼͚͍ͯΔ w UFTUEBUBpYUVSFTEFGBVMU w Ϛελσʔλ w UFTUEBUBpYUVSFTPQUJPOBM w ςετέʔεʹΑͬͯࢀরͨ͠Γ͠ͳ͔ͬͨΓ͢ Δσʔλ

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σʔλ࡞੒

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σʔλ࡞੒

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ಛघͳσʔλૠೖ w .Z42- 1PTHSF42-ͳͲͷσʔλૠೖ͸ָ w ("&Λ࢖ͬͯΔͱ%BUBTUPSFʹ  'JYUVSFΛೖΕͨ͘ͳΔ

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ETNPDL w 'JYUVSFͷ:".-ఆٛΛࢦఆ͢Ε͹ɺࢦఆͷ,JOEͷ σʔλΛྲྀ͠ࠐΊΔ w $MFBOVQ࡞ۀ͸ผ్ඞཁ

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࣌ࠁɾཚ਺ݻఆ w ௨ৗͷςετͱಉ༷ɻϞοΫ༻ͷؔ਺Λఆٛͯ͠ɺ Ϧηοτ༻ͷؔ਺ΛSFUVSOͯ͠΋ྑ͍ɻ

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$POUFYU಺ม਺ w DPOUFYU಺෦ͷ஋Λ࢖ͬͯॲཧ͢Δ৔߹ɺUFTU༻ͷDPOUFYUʹ஋ ΛೖΕ͓ͯ͘ඞཁ͕͋Δ w ଟ෼օ͞Μ͕಺෦Ͱఆ͍ٛͯ͠Δ/FX$POUFYU8JUI999ͳϝ ιουΛݺͿͷ΋ྑ͍͕ɺͪΌΜͱϦΫΤετͱͯ͠  ݕূ͢ΔͳΒͤΊͯSFRʹ஋Λૠೖ͓͖͍ͯͨ͠ɻ

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֎෦"1*ͷ.PDL w ֎෦"1*͸΋͏Ͳ͏͠Α͏΋ͳ͍ͷͰ.PDL͢Δ w NPDLೖΕͯΔͷʹ࢖ͬͯͳ͍ͱΤϥʔͰऴྃ͢Δ ͷͰɺNPDL͚ͩ͸ॲཧΛڞ௨Խͤͣ ɺݸผͷςε τέʔεͰૠೖ͢Δɻ

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.PDLͷίϯτϩʔϥʔੜ੒

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.PDLར༻

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"1*SFRSFTͷݕূ w HPMBOHHP΍BQQFOHJOFͷެࣜύοέʔδʹ౓ʑ  AUSZAͱ͍͏ϥούʔ͕͋Δɻ w ϦΫΤετݕূ΍ςετͷग़ྗ݁ՌͳͲͷݕূ͸  AUSZAͱ͍͏ஆ͔͍ؔ਺͕΍ͬͯ͘Εͯͯɺ  ඇৗʹ࣮૷ͷࢀߟʹͳΔ

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SFRSFTΛݕূ͢Δ৔߹ʜ

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؆ૉ☺

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͓·͚

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5FTU3VOOFSࣗମͷϥούʔ w ΠϯςάϨʔγϣϯςετͰ΍Δ͜ͱ͸  ͍͍ܾͩͨ·ͬͯΔ w UFTUJOH.Λड͚औΔؔ਺Ͱϥοϓͯ͋͛͠Δͱ  εοΩϦ͢Δ

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·ͱΊ w ۃྗ"1*ͷςετ͸ϢχοτςετͰϩδοΫΛ୲อͰ͖ΔΑ ͏ʹɺ࣮૷Λߏ଄ମۙ͘ʹدͤΔ w ΠϯςάϨʔγϣϯςετͷϊ΢ϋ΢͸·ͩ·ͩΦʔϓϯ͡Ό ͳ͍͚Ͳɺެࣜύοέʔδͷஆ͔͍ςετ͕ඇৗʹࢀߟʹͳΔ w γϯϓϧ͞ΛอͪͭͭɺͲ͜·Ͱڞ௨ԽͰ͖Δ͔͕୉ޣຯͳͷ ͰɺͦΕΛָ͠Έ·͠ΐ͏

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͋Γ͕ͱ͏͍͟͝·ͨ͠ʂ