CSE110 Principles of Programming with Java Lecture 13: Loops: for statement Javier Gonzalez-Sanchez [email protected] javiergs.engineering.asu.edu | javiergs.com Office Hours: By appointment

Javier Gonzalez-Sanchez | CSE110 | Summer 2020 | 2 Topics class global variables methods statements instructions local variables conditional Statements if-else switch ?: loop Statement while do-while for

for Statement

Javier Gonzalez-Sanchez | CSE110 | Summer 2020 | 4 The for Statement The for statement has the following syntax:

Javier Gonzalez-Sanchez | CSE110 | Summer 2020 | 5 The for Statement • A for loop is functionally equivalent to the following while loop structure: //initialization while ( condition ) { // statement // increment or update }

Javier Gonzalez-Sanchez | CSE110 | Summer 2020 | 6 Example 1

Javier Gonzalez-Sanchez | CSE110 | Summer 2020 | 7 Logic of a for loop

Javier Gonzalez-Sanchez | CSE110 | Summer 2020 | 8 The for Statement • Like a while loop, the condition of a for statement is tested prior to executing the loop body • Therefore, the body of a for loop will execute zero or more times • It is well suited for executing a loop a specific number of times that can be determined in advance

Javier Gonzalez-Sanchez | CSE110 | Summer 2020 | 9 The for Statement Each expression in the header of a for loop is optional: • If the initialization is left out, no initialization is performed • If the condition is left out, it is always considered to be true, and therefore creates an infinite loop • If the increment is left out, no increment operation is performed Both semi-colons are always required in the for-loop header.

Javier Gonzalez-Sanchez | CSE110 | Summer 2020 | 10 Example 1

Javier Gonzalez-Sanchez | CSE110 | Summer 2020 | 11 Example 2

Javier Gonzalez-Sanchez | CSE110 | Summer 2020 | 12 Example 3

Javier Gonzalez-Sanchez | CSE110 | Summer 2020 | 13 Example 4 for ( ; ; ) { System.out.println(”I am here! "); }

Javier Gonzalez-Sanchez | CSE110 | Summer 2020 | 14 Choosing a Loop Structure • When you can’t determine how many times you want to execute the loop body, use a while statement or a do statement • If it might be zero or more times, use a while statement • If it will be at least once, use a do statement • If you can determine how many times you want to execute the loop body, use a for statement

Javier Gonzalez-Sanchez | CSE110 | Summer 2020 | 15 Nested loops • We can have a loop inside of another loop for (int i=1; i<=3; i=i+1) { for (int j=4; j>=1; j=j-1) { System.out.println( i + "," + j ); } }

Javier Gonzalez-Sanchez | CSE110 | Summer 2020 | 16 One more thing • variable = variable + 1; variable++; • variable = variable - 1; variable--;

Javier Gonzalez-Sanchez | CSE110 | Summer 2020 | 17 One more thing • We can have a loop inside of another loop for (int i=1; i<=3; i++) { for (int j=4; j>=1; j--) { System.out.println( i + "," + j ); } }

Javier Gonzalez-Sanchez | CSE110 | Summer 2020 | 18 Reference Chapter 4

CSE110 - Principles of Programming Javier Gonzalez-Sanchez [email protected] Summer 2020 Disclaimer. These slides can only be used as study material for the class CSE110 at ASU. They cannot be distributed or used for another purpose.