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Ruby on Rails
vs
Phoenix Framework
2015/06/02 #shinjukuex #10
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self-introduction !
• Takayuki Matsubara
@ma2ge/@ma2gedev
• Application Engineer @ M3, Inc.
• Rails/Java/JavaScript application
• Ruby: breadcrumble,
chrono_logger, bundle-star
• Elixir: ltsvex, netrcex, qiita_ex
• whisky
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Phoenix contributors
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ME in Blue !
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http://qiita.com/HirofumiTamori/items/0dfdbada30c7d8f183fd
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http://qiita.com/mizchi/items/e38d3f0461fe316021f7
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Ruby on Rails
vs
Phoenix Framework
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Why this theme?
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! Is an Elixir/Phoenix app
appropriate for only middleware
or backend service?
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• Scaffold mix phoenix.gen.html
• eex template: erb like template
• growing document
• WebSocket
• Performance
• created apps in M3 Hackathon
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! May Phoenix becomes instead
of Rails
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❓ How to improve my Rails app
performance
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Use Phoenix
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Agenda
• introduction
• comparison in development
• performance
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introduction
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Rails
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Programmer Happiness
sustainable productivity
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Phoenix
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Speed
Fun development environment
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Rails ⭐ 26325 1
Phoenix ⭐ 2614 1
1 at 2015/05/31
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Rails version: 4.2.1 1
Phoenix version: 0.13.1 1
1 at 2015/05/31
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Compare Phoenix features with Rails
supported
• WebSocket
• Rails 5 plan to include this, but needs Redis
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Compare Phoenix features with Rails
unsupported
• Assets pipeline
• brunch.io for JavaScript
• SQLite adapter
• https://github.com/jazzyb/sqlite_ecto
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Phoenix ≒ Rails + Speed
thought
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Comparison in development
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• File Structure
• Scaffold
• Router
• Controller
• View
• Model
• Mailer
• Assets
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No content
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Scaffold
• Rails
$ rails g scaffold todo content:text done:boolean
• Phoenix
$ mix phoenix.gen.html Todo todos content:text done:boolean
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Router
# config/routes.rb
resources :todos
# web/router.ex
resources "/todos", TodoController
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Named routes: Rails
$ rake routes
Prefix Verb URI Pattern Controller#Action
todos GET /todos(.:format) todos#index
POST /todos(.:format) todos#create
new_todo GET /todos/new(.:format) todos#new
edit_todo GET /todos/:id/edit(.:format) todos#edit
todo GET /todos/:id(.:format) todos#show
PATCH /todos/:id(.:format) todos#update
PUT /todos/:id(.:format) todos#update
DELETE /todos/:id(.:format) todos#destroy
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Named routes: Phoenix
$ mix phoenix.routes
page_path GET / PhoenixApp.PageController.index/2
todo_path GET /todos PhoenixApp.TodoController.index/2
todo_path GET /todos/:id/edit PhoenixApp.TodoController.edit/2
todo_path GET /todos/new PhoenixApp.TodoController.new/2
todo_path GET /todos/:id PhoenixApp.TodoController.show/2
todo_path POST /todos PhoenixApp.TodoController.create/2
todo_path PATCH /todos/:id PhoenixApp.TodoController.update/2
PUT /todos/:id PhoenixApp.TodoController.update/2
todo_path DELETE /todos/:id PhoenixApp.TodoController.delete/2
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Controller: index action
# app/controllers/todos_controller.rb
def index
@todos = Todo.all
end
# web/controllers/todo_controller.ex
def index(conn, _params) do
todos = Repo.all(Todo)
render(conn, "index.html", todos: todos)
end
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Controller: create action in Rails
# app/controllers/todos_controller.rb
def create
@todo = Todo.new(todo_params)
if @todo.save
redirect_to @todo, notice: 'Todo was successfully created.'
else
render :new
end
end
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Controller: create action in Phoenix
# web/controllers/todo_controller.ex
def create(conn, %{"todo" => todo_params}) do
changeset = Todo.changeset(%Todo{}, todo_params)
if changeset.valid? do
Repo.insert(changeset)
conn
|> put_flash(:info, "Todo created successfully.")
|> redirect(to: todo_path(conn, :index))
else
render(conn, "new.html", changeset: changeset)
end
end
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View/Template: collection in Rails
<%# app/views/todos/index.html.erb %>
<% @todos.each do |todo| %>
<%= todo.content %>
<%= link_to 'Show', todo %>
<% end %>
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View/Template: collection in Phoenix
<%# web/templates/todo/index.html.eex %>
<%= for todo <- @todos do %>
<%= todo.content %>
<%= link "Show", to: todo_path(@conn, :show, todo),
class: "btn btn-default btn-xs" %>
<% end %>
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View/Template: partial render
<%# *.erb %>
<%= render 'form' %>
<%# *.eex %>
<%= render "form.html", changeset: @changeset,
action: todo_path(@conn, :create) %>
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View/Template: form in Rails
<%# *.erb %>
<%= form_for(@todo) do |f| %>
<% @todo.errors.full_messages.each do |message| %>
<%= message %>
<% end %>
<%= f.label :content %>
<%= f.text_area :content %>
<%= f.check_box :done %>
<%= f.submit %>
<% end %>
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View/Template: form in Phoenix
<%# *.eex %>
<%= form_for @changeset, @action, fn f -> %>
<%= for {attr, message} <- f.errors do %>
<%= humanize(attr) %> <%= message %>
<% end %>
Content
<%= textarea f, :content, class: "form-control" %>
<%= checkbox f, :done, class: "form-control" %>
<%= submit "Submit", class: "btn btn-primary" %>
<% end %>
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Model in Rails
# app/models/todo.rb
class Todo < ActiveRecord::Base
# validations
# queries
end
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Model in Phoenix
# web/models/todo.ex
defmodule PhoenixApp.Todo do
use PhoenixApp.Web, :model
schema "todos" do
field :content, :string
field :done, :boolean, default: false
timestamps
end
@required_fields ~w(content done)
@optional_fields ~w()
def changeset(model, params \\ :empty) do
model
|> cast(params, @required_fields, @optional_fields)
end
end
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in scaffolded controller
# Rails
@todos = Todo.all
# Phoenix
todos = Repo.all(Todo)
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in realworld controller
# Rails
@todos = Todo.recent(page)
# Phoenix
todos = Todo.recent(page)
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Query
def self.recent(page)
order(created_at: :desc)
.offset((page.to_i - 1) * SIZE)
.limit(SIZE)
end
def recent(page) do
from(p in Todo,
order_by: [desc: p.inserted_at],
offset: ^((String.to_integer(page) - 1) * @size),
limit: ^@size)
|> Repo.all
end
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Mailer
• Rails
• ActionMailer
• Phoenix
• not provided
• use other libraries such as gen_smtp
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Assets
• Rails
• Asset Pipeline
• Phoenix
• Brunch.io, gulp, etc...
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Test
• Rails
• RSpec, Minitest, etc...
• Phoenix
• ExUnit
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Ecosystem
• Ruby/Rails -> Rubygems
• many gems
• Elixir/Phoenix -> Hex
• few
• potential to increse
• Hex is easy to use
• http://qiita.com/ma2ge/items/0e19bf3f03078f589096
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Phoenix ≒ Rails
development
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Performance
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NOTICE !
• Not same template file
• On my macbook air
• Rough measurement
• Using WebRick server for Rails app
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code
# app/controllers/todos_controller.rb
def index
@todos = Todo.all
end
# web/controllers/todo_controller.ex
def index(conn, _params) do
todos = Repo.all(Todo)
render(conn, "index.html", todos: todos)
end
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Performance: development
$ ab -n 50 localhost:3000/todos
# Rails
Requests per second: 21.85 [#/sec] (mean)
# Phoenix
Requests per second: 37.08 [#/sec] (mean)
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Performance: production
$ ab -n 50 localhost:3000/todos
# Rails
Requests per second: 149.14 [#/sec] (mean)
# Phoenix
Requests per second: 450.58 [#/sec] (mean)
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3X faster !
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Performance: production
$ ab -n 500 -c 100 localhost:4000/todos
# Rails
same as single request mode, because WebRick server
# Phoenix
Requests per second: 1291.92 [#/sec] (mean)
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Phoenix > Rails
performance
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Phoenix is
Rails like development
with Speed
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Conclusion/IMO
• Elixir/Phoenix is not only for middleware but also web
application
• Phoenix has potential to switch current Rails application
• Performance
• Targeting developer happiness
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We're hiring!
at.m3.com/job
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Enjoy
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Resources: Rails and Phoenix
• Ruby on Rails
• http://rubyonrails.org/
• https://github.com/rails/rails
• Phoenix Framework
• http://www.phoenixframework.org/
• https://github.com/phoenixframework/phoenix
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Resources: Libraries
• Awesome Elixir
• https://github.com/h4cc/awesome-elixir
• PlugRailsCookieSessionStore
• Rails compatible Plug session store
• https://github.com/cconstantin/
plug_rails_cookie_session_store
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Resources: Mail Library in Elixir
• gen_smtp
• https://github.com/Vagabond/gen_smtp
• mailman
• https://hex.pm/packages/mailman
• https://github.com/kamilc/mailman
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Resources: Ecto
• Ecto
• https://github.com/elixir-lang/ecto
• Composable Queries with Ecto
• http://blog.drewolson.org/composable-queries-ecto/
• Ecto vs Active Record
• http://learnelixir.com/blog/2014/10/11/ecto-vs-active-
record/
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Resources: Hex
• Publishing a package
• https://hex.pm/docs/publish
• Hex Ͱ Elixir ͷϥΠϒϥϦΛϦϦʔε͢Δํ๏
• http://qiita.com/ma2ge/items/0e19bf3f03078f589096
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Resources: Performance
• Elixir vs Ruby Showdown - Phoenix vs Rails
• http://www.littlelines.com/blog/2014/07/08/elixir-vs-
ruby-showdown-phoenix-vs-rails/
• Benchmarking Phoenix vs Rails vs Sinatra vs Express vs
Martini...
• https://github.com/mroth/phoenix-showdown