Microservices Maturity Model on Rails

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Microservices  Maturity Model  on Rails ৿ ٱଠ࿠ (@qsona) גࣜձࣾFiNC 2018/03/24 Rails Developers Meetup 2018: Day1

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λΠϜςʔϒϧ

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΋͔ͯ͠͠: ઓ૪

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ࠓ೔࿩͞ͳ͍͜ͱ • גࣜձࣾFiNCʹ͍ͭͯ • We are hiring

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whoami • @qsona • גࣜձࣾFiNC • Microservices Meetup Λओ࠵͠ ͍ͯ·͢ • Railsྺ3೥໨ʹಥೖ • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͱ͍͏બ୒͸ج ຊతʹ͸࠷ߴͱ͍͏ελϯε

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એ఻ • ٕज़ॻయ4 ʹࢀՃ͠·͢! • 2018/04/22 (೔)

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͸͡Ίʹ

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ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͱ͸ "ϚΠΫϩαʔϏε͸ɺ  ڠௐͯ͠ಈ࡞ ͢Δɺ  খن໛Ͱࣗ཯త ͳαʔϏε Ͱ͢ɻ"

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ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͷओ໨త "ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͷ࠷େͷ໨ඪ͸  ʮαʔϏεԽ͞ΕͨػೳͷϦϦʔεαΠΫϧΛɺͦͷػೳΛ ؅ཧ͢ΔνʔϜ͕ಠࣗʹܾఆͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δʯ͜ͱͰ ͢ɻ ͦΕ͸ԿͷͨΊ͔ͱ͍͏ͱ  ʮػೳΛͲΜͲΜվળͯ͠Ṷ͚͍ͨʯ͔ΒͰ͢ɻ" - ࣄۀձࣾʹ͓͚ΔϚΠΫϩαʔϏεԽʹ͍ͭͯ - arclamp  http://arclamp.hatenablog.com/entry/2017/09/08/152005

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෭໨త(RailsͱϚΠΫϩαʔϏε) • [ҙݟ] Railsʹ͓͍ͯɺϚΠΫϩαʔϏεԽ͸ૣ͍ํ͕͍͍ • খʙதن໛ͷ։ൃʹɺRails͸ҖྗΛൃش͢Δ • େن໛։ൃʹ͸޲͍͍ͯͳ͍෦෼͕͋Δ • ಈతܕ෇͚Ͱ͋Δ • ϨΠϠʔ͕গͳ͍ • DIͷΑ͏ͳػೳ͕ͳ͍ • େن໛ʹͳΔ·͑ʹɺ੾Γग़͍ͯ͜͠͏

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ϚΠΫϩαʔϏε͸೉͍͠ʁ • શ෦΍Ζ͏ͱ͢Δͱ೉͍͠ • ͍͖ͳΓ׬ᘳΛ໨ࢦ͢ͷ͸ແཧ • ͦΕͧΕͷϑΣʔζͰ΍Δ΂͖͜ͱΛཧղ͠ ͍ͯΕ͹ɺͦ͜·Ͱ೉͘͠ͳ͍ͷͰ͸ʁ

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ຊηογϣϯͷ໨త • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεΛਐΊ্͍ͯ͘Ͱɺ  ͦΕͧΕͷϑΣʔζʹ͓͍ͯԿΛ͢Δ΂͖ͳ ͷ͔ʁ  Λཧղ͢Δख͕͔ΓʹͳΔ͜ͱ

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Maturity Modelͱ͸ • ੒ख़౓ΛϨϕϧผʹఆٛ ͢Δ • ݱࡏͷঢ়ଶΛධՁ͢Δ  ΋ͷ͞͠ • ʮ࣍ʹԿΛվળ͢΂͖ ͔ʯΛཧղ͢Δख͕͔Γ MaturityModel -   Martin Fowler  https://martinfowler.com/bliki/MaturityModel.html

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ϚΠΫϩαʔϏε੒ख़ ౓ϨϕϧΛఆٛͯ͠Έ Δ

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Lv.0 • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεΛ࢝ΊΔͷ͸࣌ظঘૣɻ

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Lv.1 • ϞϊϦγοΫRailsΛޮ཰తʹ։ൃͰ͖͍ͯ Δɻ • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεΛ࢝ΊΔͨΊͷ૊৫తͳ౔ ৕͕͋Δɻ

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Lv.2 • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεΛ࢝Ί͍ͯΔɻ3ݸ͘Β͍ɻ • ͦͷ૊৫ͷϏδωευϝΠϯΛཧղ͠ɺద੾ʹ αʔϏε෼ׂͰ͖͍ͯΔɻ • ෼ׂ͞ΕͨαʔϏεͷυϝΠϯΛத৺ʹɺڠྗ Ͱ͖ΔνʔϜ·ͨ͸άϧʔϓ͕͋Δɻ • ݖݶͱ੹೚ͷҕৡ͕ਐΊΒΕ͍ͯΔɻ

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Lv.3 • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεΛ૿΍͍ͯ͠Δɻ15ݸ͘Β͍ɻ • ༷ʑͳํ๏ͰαʔϏεΛ࿈ܞ͍ͯ͠Δɻ • αʔϏεڞ௨ͷؔ৺ࣄʹରॲ͍ͯ͠Δɻ • νʔϜͷ෼ׂΛਐΊ͍ͯΔɻ • ༷ʑͳࣗಈԽΛਐΊ͍ͯΔɻ

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Lv.4 • ϏδωεʹԠͯ͡ɺ૊৫ͱٕज़͕ࣗવʹεέʔϧ͢Δɻ • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͷճ෮ੑ(ϨδϦΤϯε)Λ࡞Ε͍ͯΔɻ • αʔϏεো֐͕࿈࠯͠ͳ͍ঢ়ଶ • ݁Ռͱͯ͠ɺશମͷো֐΁ͷ଱ٱྗ͕ߴ͍ • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏε༝དྷͷෳࡶ͞ʹରॲͰ͖͍ͯΔɻ • αʔϏε͸ͨ͘͞Μ͋Δɻ40ݸͱ͔ɻ

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Lv.5 • ΊͬͪΌ͍͢͝ɻͲΜͲΜεέʔϧ͢Δɻ࠷ ߴʂʂʂʂ • ∞ݸ

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ݸਓతͳ՝୊ײ • ᷿ʹ͸Lv.4΍Lv.5ͷ࿩͕͋;Ε͍ͯΔ • ΋ͪΖΜࢀߟʹͳΔ͠ɺͦΕΛ໨ࢦ͍ͨ͠ • ͔͠͠ɺ͙͢ʹ࣮ફͰ͖ΔΘ͚Ͱ͸ͳ͍ • جຊతʹࠓճ͸Lv.3·Ͱͷ࿩Λ͠·͢

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͜ͷޙͷষߏ੒ • 1.upto(3) do |n| • Lv.n ͷఆٛ (࠶ܝ) • Lv.n-1 => Lv.n ʹਐΉͨΊʹ΍Δ͜ͱ (ٕज़࣠/૊৫࣠) • ͜ͷϑΣʔζͰ࣮ࡍʹ͋ͬͨྫ • ͜ͷϑΣʔζʹ͓͢͢Ίͷࢀߟจݙ • end

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Lv.0 => Lv.1

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Lv.1ͷఆٛ

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੒ख़౓ͷఆٛ • ϞϊϦγοΫRailsΛޮ཰తʹ։ൃͰ͖͍ͯ Δɻ • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεΛ࢝ΊΔͨΊͷ૊৫తͳ౔ ৕͕͋Δɻ

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Lv.1ʹਐΉͨΊʹ΍Δ ͜ͱ

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֓ཁ • ٕज़ • தن໛ͷϞϊϦγοΫRails։ൃͰ  ΍Δ΂͖͜ͱશͯ • ૊৫ • ৬ೳΛӽ͑ͯڠྗͰ͖Δ͜ͱ

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[ٕज़] தن໛ͷϞϊϦγ οΫRails։ൃͰ΍Δ΂͖ ͜ͱશͯ

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"தن໛" RailsΛͪΌΜͱ࡞Ε Δ͜ͱ • MVCͷ੹຿Λ෼ׂͰ͖Δ • PORO (PlainͳRubyΫϥε) Λ׆༻Ͱ͖Δ • RESTfulΛकΕΔ • ਖ਼نԽͨ͠DBઃܭ͕Ͱ͖Δ • ୯ମςετ͕ॻ͚Δ

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"େن໛" Rails͸࡞Βͳ͍ • ҎԼͷϊ΢ϋ΢͸ཁΒͳ͍ • RailsʹϨΠϠʔυΞʔΩςΫνϟΛಋೖ͢Δ • Trailblazer • ͦͷଞɺ͍ΖΜͳRails֦ு • γϯϓϧʹɺRailsͷࢥ૝ʹ৐Ζ͏

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Simple is Best.

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[૊৫] ৬ೳΛӽ͑ͯڠ ྗͰ͖Δ͜ͱ

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ಥવͰ͕͢  ͭΒ͍εϥΠυͰ͢

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৬ೳΛӽ͑ͯڠྗ͍ͯ͠ͳ͍ྫ • DevͱOpsͷ෼཭ • CSରԠ΁ͷΤϯδχΞ ͷԹ౓ײ͕௿͍ • Ӧۀͱٕज़ऀͷରཱ • ج൫։ൃνʔϜͱݱ৔ ͱͷߔ • ΫϥΠΞϯτνʔϜͱ APIνʔϜͷ෼཭ • ඼࣭؅ཧνʔϜ΁ͷ  ؙ౤͛ • ݚڀ։ൃ͕͍ͭʹͳͬ ͯ΋Ϣʔβ΁ͷՁ஋Λ ࢈Έग़͞ͳ͍

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ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͷ໨త (࠶ܝ) "ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͷ࠷େͷ໨ඪ͸ʮαʔϏεԽ͞ΕͨػೳͷϦϦʔ εαΠΫϧΛɺͦͷػೳΛ؅ཧ͢ΔνʔϜ͕ಠࣗʹܾఆͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ ͢Δʯ͜ͱͰ͢ɻ  ͦΕ͸ԿͷͨΊ͔ͱ͍͏ͱʮػೳΛͲΜͲΜվળͯ͠Ṷ͚͍ͨʯ͔Β Ͱ͢ɻ" • ͜ΕΛୡ੒͢Δʹ͸ɺ  ৬ೳΛӽ͑ͨڠྗ͕ෆՄܽ

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Change. Yes We Can!

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ίϛϡχέʔγϣϯͷॏཁੑ

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ίϛϡχέʔγϣϯͷॏཁੑ • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεʹ͢Δ͚ͩͰ͸ɺਓ΍૊৫ ͷ໰୊͸ղܾ͠ͳ͍ • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͱνʔϜΛ1:1ʹ͢Δͷ͸ɺ ॳظஈ֊Ͱ͸೉͍͠ • ޮՌతͳίϛϡχέʔγϣϯ͕ඞཁ

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Lv.1 ͓͢͢Ίͷจݙ • ΞδϟΠϧαϜϥΠ −ୡਓ։ൃऀ΁ͷಓ− • Ϩʔϧͷ৳͹͠ํ by @willnet,   Rails Developers Meetup 2017

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Lv.1 => Lv.2

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Lv.2ͷఆٛ

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ϑΣʔζ • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεΛ࢝Ί͍ͯΔɻ3ݸ͘Β͍ɻ

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੒ख़౓ͷఆٛ • ͦͷ૊৫ͷϏδωευϝΠϯΛཧղ͠ɺద੾ ʹαʔϏε෼ׂͰ͖͍ͯΔɻ • ෼ׂ͞ΕͨαʔϏεͷυϝΠϯΛத৺ʹɺڠ ྗͰ͖ΔνʔϜ·ͨ͸άϧʔϓ͕͋Δɻ • ݖݶͱ੹೚ͷҕৡ͕ਐΊΒΕ͍ͯΔɻ

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Lv.2ʹਐΉͨΊʹ΍Δ ͜ͱ

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֓ཁ • ٕज़ • Ϗδωε୯ҐͰͷϞδϡʔϧԽ • ྑ͍APIઃܭ • APIͷར༻ • ૊৫ • ٕज़ऀ͕ΦʔφʔγοϓΛ࣋ͭ

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[ٕज़] Ϗδωε୯ҐͰ ͷϞδϡʔϧԽ

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ਫฏ෼ׂͱਨ௚෼ׂ • ਫฏ෼ׂ ... ٕज़తͳڥք໘ • ྫ: MVC, ϨΠϠʔυΞʔΩςΫνϟ • ਨ௚෼ׂ ... Ϗδωεͷڥք

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ϚΠΫϩαʔϏε=ਨ௚෼ׂ • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏε͸ਨ௚෼ׂʹ͢΂͖ • ໨త͔Βߟ͑ͯ΋ࣗવ • ΄΅ "ఆٛ" ʹ͍ۙ • ͜ͷϑΣʔζͰ͸ɺਫฏ෼ׂͰαʔϏεԽΛ ͯ͠͸͍͚ͳ͍(ېࢭ)(must not)

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ਖ਼͍͠੹຿ͷ෼ׂ • ʮߴڽूʯ͔ͭʮૄ݁߹ʯʹͳΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δ • 1ͭͷมߋͷͨΊʹ͸ɺ1ͭͷαʔϏε͚ͩมߋ͢Ε͹Α͍ • ͋ΔαʔϏεΛมߋͯ͠΋ɺผͷαʔϏεΛมߋ͢Δඞཁ ͕ͳ͍ • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεʹݶΒͣɺϞδϡʔϧԽʹ͍ͭͯͷطଘͷߟ ͑ํΛ࣋ͪग़ͤ͹ྑ͍ • υϝΠϯۦಈઃܭͷʮڥք͚ͮΒΕͨίϯςΩετʯ

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Ͳ͔͜ΒϚΠΫϩαʔϏεʹ੾ Γग़͢ͷ͔ʁ • ҰݴͰද͢ͱɺʮಠཱͤͯ͞ҭ͍ͯͨ΋ͷʯ • มߋͷස౓͕ଟ͍/ଟ͍ͨ͘͠ • Ṷ͔Δ • ଞͷػೳͱͷ݁߹౓͕௿͍ • ࠓޙͷϏδωεͷํ޲ੑΛΑ͘ཧղ͢Δඞཁ

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[ٕज़] APIઃܭ

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API͸ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͷ໋ • APIΛ௨ͯ͠࿈ܞ͢Δ͜ͱʹΑΓɺαʔϏεͷࣗ཯ੑ͕ੜ·ΕΔ • Jeff Bezosͷݴ༿ • શͯͷνʔϜ͸αʔϏεΠϯλʔϑΣΠεΛ௨ͯ͠ػೳΛެ։͠ɺ  ࿈ܞͤΑ • ͦΕҎ֎ͷϓϩηεؒ௨৴ͷํ๏(DB௚ಡΈ, ڞ༗ϝϞϦ, etc)͸ېࢭͰ͋Δ • ͜ΕΛकΒͳ͍ऀ͸ղޏͩ ग़య: The Secret to Amazons Success Internal APIs  https://apievangelist.com/2012/01/12/the-secret-to-amazons-success-internal-apis/

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Rails ͱ API • Rails, RESTfulͷࢦ਑ʹ৐͍ͬͯ͘ͷ͕ྑ͍ • ͜ͷςʔϚͰ͸Ұ౓࿩͍ͯ͠ΔͷͰɺࠓճ͸ ׂѪ͠·͢ ࢀߟ: ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεࢦ޲ Rails API ։ൃΨΠυ  (@qsona, ͗Μ͟Rubyձٞ01)  https://medium.com/ﬁnc-engineering/ginzaruby01-rails-api-guide-168fe9cf5b4d

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[ٕज़] APIͷར༻ RailsͰAPIΛར༻͢ΔଆʹͳΔͱ͖ͷTips

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Rails DMͰ͢ͷͰɺ͠͹Β͘ Ruby/Railsͷ࿩Λ͠·͢

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APIΫϥΠΞϯτͷબఆ • ੜ͖ͯΕ͹ͳΜͰ΋ྑ͍ • Faraday ͕͓͢͢Ί • ෳ਺ͷAPIΛฒྻʹୟ͘༨஍Λ࢒͢ • όοΫΤϯυʹTyphoeusΛར༻ • cookpadͷࣄྫ͸͓͓͑ͯ͜͞͏ RESTful Web API ։ൃΛ͑͞͞Δ Garage - ΫοΫύου։ൃऀϒϩά  http://techlife.cookpad.com/entry/2014/11/06/100000

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৽͍͠૚Λ࡞Δ: Repository • ͓͢͢Ί: app/repositories • app/models ҎԼ͸ආ͚Δ • ωοτϫʔΫӽ͠ͷΞΫηε͸ɺ  DBΞΫηεͱ͸શ͘ผ෺ • ActiveRecordͱಉ͡งғؾͰݺͼग़ͤͳ͍΄͏͕Α͍ • (ActiveResource͸๨ΕΑ͏)

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RepositoryΫϥε͸  ໨త͝ͱʹ෼͚Δ • ݺͼग़͢αʔϏε͝ͱͰ͸ͳ͍ • αʔϏε໊_repository.rb ͸ආ͚Δ

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Hash Λฦͣ͞ɺΠϯελϯε/ ஋Λฦ͢ • HashΛฦ͢ͱɺݺͼग़͠ଆ͸࢖͍ʹ͍͘ • Πϯελϯεʹͯ͠ฦ͢·Ͱ͕Repositoryͷ ࢓ࣄ • ஋ (਺஋΍จࣈྻ) ͔͠ඞཁͳ͍ͳΒɺͦΕΛ ฦͯ͠Α͍

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Ϩεϙϯεͷ͏ͪɺඞཁͳ஋ͩ ͚Λར༻͢Δ • Tolerant Reader ύλʔϯ • ࣗαʔϏεʹඞཁͳ஋͚ͩΛΠϯελϯεʹ Ϛοϓ͢Δ

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ͩΊͳྫ class User include ActiveModel::Model attr_accessor :id, :name, :age end class UserRepository def self.get(id) response = api_client.get("/v1/users/#{id}") return nil if response.status == 404 raise 'Error' unless response.success? # response.body # => { 'id' => 1, 'name' => 'qsona', 'age' => 17 } User.new(response.body) end end

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ͩΊͳཧ༝ • APIͷϨεϙϯεʹ৽͘͠ gender Ωʔ͕௥Ճ ͞ΕΔͱ? # response.body # => { 'id' => 1, 'name' => 'qsona', 'age' => 17, 'gender' => female } User.new(response.body) #=> ActiveModel::UnknownAttributeError: unknown attribute 'gender' for User.

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ͩΊͳཧ༝ • API΁ͷΩʔ௥Ճ͸ɺޙํޓ׵ੑͷ͋Δมߋͱ Έͳ͞ΕΔ΂͖ • ͕ͨͬͯ͠ɺΩʔ௥ՃͰΤϥʔʹͳΔͷ͸NG

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मਖ਼ͨ͠ྫ # response.body # => { 'id' => 1, 'name' => 'qsona', 'age' => 17 } # User.new(response.body) # => ͜͜Λमਖ਼ body = response.body User.new(id: body['id'], name: body['name'], age: body['age'])

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Repositoryͷςετ • Repositoryࣗମͷςετ • ྫ: bblimke/webmock Λར༻͢Δ • ͜ΕΛॻ͍͓ͯ͘ͱɺܨ͗ࠐΈͷ֬౓͕͙ͬͱ্͕Δ • RepositoryΛར༻͢Δίʔυͷςετ • webmock Λ࢖͏ͷͰ͸ͳ͘ɺ  RepositoryΛmock/stub͢ΔͷΛਪ঑

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[૊৫] ٕज़ऀ͕Φʔφ ʔγοϓΛ࣋ͭ

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ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͱΦʔφʔγοϓ • ࠷ॳ͸1νʔϜͰෳ਺ͷαʔϏεΛ؅ཧͯ͠΋Α͍ • খͯ͘͞΋ࣗ཯ͨ͠ʮαʔϏεʯͰ͋Δ • αʔϏεͷΦʔφʔΛܾΊ͓͍ͯͨ΄͏͕Α͍ • ੹೚ͱݖݶͷ໌֬Խ • ٕज़ऀͷ੒௕ʹͭͳ͕ΔϝϦοτ "ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͰ͸ͦΕͧΕಠཱͨ͠ϥΠϑαΠΫϧΛ࣋ͭෳ਺ͷࣗ཯తͳίʔυϕʔε͕͋Γ· ͢ɻଟ͘ͷ੹೚ΛҾ͖ड͚ΔલʹݸʑͷαʔϏεΛॴ༗ͤ͞Δ͜ͱͰ։ൃऀͨͪΛ޲্ͤ͞Δ͜ͱ͸ɺ ֤ࣗͷΩϟϦΞ໨ඪΛ࣮ݱͤ͞ΔͨΊͷ༏Εͨํ๏Ͱ͋Γɺಉ࣌ʹ੹೚ऀͷෛՙΛܰݮ͠·͢ɻ" - ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεΞʔΩςΫνϟ 2.10 νʔϜͷߏங

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࣮ྫ: "ػցֶश" ϚΠΫϩαʔϏε

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΍ͬͨ͜ͱ • ʮػցֶशʯͷϚΠΫϩαʔϏεΛ࡞ͬͨ • ༷ʑͳػցֶशϩδοΫ͕ɺ͜ͷαʔϏεʹ࣮૷͞Ε͍ͯͬͨ • Ξϯέʔτͷޙ൒ͷճ౴Λ༧ଌ͠ɺ࣭໰਺ΛݮΒ͢ • Ϣʔβʹදࣔ͢ΔίϯςϯπͷϨίϝϯυ • νϟοτϘοτͷػೳ • APIΛ௨ͯ͠ɺͦΕΒͷػೳΛఏڙ͍ͯ͠Δ

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ىͬͨ͜͜ͱ(1) DB௚ಡΈ • ػցֶशͷϩδοΫͷͨΊʹ͸ɺؔ܎͢Δσʔλ͕ ΄΅·Δ͝ͱඞཁ • API࿈ܞͰ͸ɺಡΉํ΋࡞Δํ΋ͭΒ͍ • σʔλΛ࣋ͭαʔϏε͕DBͷϦʔυϨϓϦΧΛ༻ҙ ͠ɺͦ͜ΛػցֶशαʔϏε͕௚઀ୟ͘Α͏ʹͨ͠ • ີ݁߹ͷ͸͡·Γ

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ىͬͨ͜͜ͱ(2) ϩδοΫͷ෼ࢄ • ػցֶशΛ͢ΔͨΊʹ΋ɺݩͷϏδωεͷϩδο Ϋ͸͋Δఔ౓ඞཁ • ϩδοΫ͕2αʔϏεʹ෼ࢄ • ڍಈΛมߋ͍ͨ࣌͠ʹɺ2αʔϏεͷमਖ਼͕ඞཁ • ڽू౓ͷ௿Լ

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݁Ռ • ີ݁߹ɾ௿ڽूͱ͍͏ɺཧ૝ͷٯΛߦ͘ঢ়ଶ • ύϑΥʔϚϯε໰୊ΛҾ͖ى͕ͪ͜͠ • ো֐΋ى͜Γ΍͍͢

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ͳͥͩΊ͔ͩͬͨ • Ϗδωεͷ୯ҐͰ͸ͳ͍ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεΛ࡞ͬ ͨ͜ͱ • ʮػցֶशʯͦͷ΋ͷ͸ϏδωεͰ͸ͳ͍ • Ϗδωεͷཁ੥ʹΑͬͯɺػցֶशͱ͍͏ٕज़ Λ࢖͍ͬͯΔɺ͕ਖ਼͍͠ • ٕज़ͰαʔϏε෼ׂͯ͠͠·ͬͨ(ਫฏ෼ׂ)

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ڭ܇ • αʔϏεͷ੹຿͸ɺϏδωεͰଊ͑Δ • ଞαʔϏε΁ͷDBʹ௚ΞΫηε͢Δͷ͸͍͔ ͳΔ৔߹Ͱ΋ېࢭ(ېࢭ)(must not)

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ػցֶशαʔϏεͷۙگ • طଘͷ "ػցֶशαʔϏε" ͸ɺঃʑʹղମ • ػցֶशͷεΫϦϓτ͸ɺঃʑʹҠߦ/࡟আ • ࡞Γ௚͠΋͍ͯ͠Δ (߲࣍) • νϟοτϘοτ͸ɺϝΠϯͷϏδωεͱͯ͠ӡ༻த • ࣦഊ͸ඞͣ͋Δ • ݁Ռ͚ͩΛݟͯݴ͏ͷ͸؆୯ • ͭΒ͍͜ͱ΋͋Δ͚Ͳ΍͍͖ͬͯ

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ػցֶशΛ৽͘͠ϓϩμΫτʹ ಋೖ͢Δͱ͖͸ • ػցֶश͸ɺαʔϏεͷҰ෦ͱͱΒ͑Δ • ػցֶश୯ମͰͷϚΠΫϩαʔϏεԽ͸ߦΘͳ͍ • ن໛ײɾಈ࡞ͷॏ͞ʹΑΓɺ݁߹౓Λௐ੔͢Δ • খ͍͞ => RailsͷαʔϏεʹεΫϦϓτΛಉډ • େ͖͍ => αʔϏεͷࢠϓϩμΫτͱͯ͠ಠཱ • αʔϏεͷΤϯδχΞͱػցֶशͷΤϯδχΞ͕ີʹ࿈ܞͯ͠ɺ ϓϩδΣΫτΛਐΊ͍ͯΔ

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ີʹ࿈ܞ͍ͯ͠Δ༷ࢠ

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Lv.2 ͓͢͢Ίͷจݙ • Θ͔ΔʂυϝΠϯۦಈઃܭ ʙ ΋ͪͪ͜ΌΜͷେ๯ݥʙ / TechBooster • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏε  ΞʔΩςΫνϟ • 1ষ, 3ষ, 4ষ 4.1ʙ4.7, 5ষ

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Lv.2 => Lv.3

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Lv.3ͷఆٛ

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ϑΣʔζ • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεΛ૿΍͍ͯ͠Δɻ15ݸ͘Β ͍ɻ

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Lv.2͔ΒͷมԽ • αʔϏεͷ૿Ճʹͱ΋ͳ͍ɺ༷ʑͳ໰୊͕ى ͜Γ࢝ΊΔ • ૊৫໘ɾٕज़໘ͱ΋ʹʮεέʔϧʯͤ͞Δ͜ ͱ͕՝୊

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੒ख़౓ͷఆٛ • νʔϜͷ෼ׂΛਐΊ͍ͯΔɻ • ༷ʑͳํ๏ͰαʔϏεΛ࿈ܞ͍ͯ͠Δɻ • αʔϏεڞ௨ͷؔ৺ࣄʹରॲ͍ͯ͠Δɻ • νʔϜͷ෼ׂΛਐΊ͍ͯΔɻ • ༷ʑͳࣗಈԽΛਐΊ͍ͯΔɻ

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Lv.3ʹਐΉͨΊʹ΍Δ ͜ͱ ͜ͷϑΣʔζ͸ଟذʹ౉ΔͨΊɺٕज़໘ʹ࿩Λߜ Γ·͢ɻ

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֓ཁ • APIఆٛ / APIυΩϡϝϯτͷࣗಈԽ • ඇಉظΠϕϯτ࿈ܞ • ࣾ಺ϥΠϒϥϦ • Πϯϑϥ໘ͷ༷ʑͳࣗಈԽ • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεਫ਼ਆ

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[ٕज़] APIఆٛ / APIυ ΩϡϝϯτͷࣗಈԽ

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࣮૷΁ͷґଘ • Lv.2Ͱ͸ɺଞαʔϏεͷ࣮૷ʹґଘ͍ͯͯ͠΋ ໰୊͸ى͖ͳ͍ • Lv.3Ͱ͸ෳࡶ͕͞૿͠ɺਏ͘ͳͬͯ͘Δ

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ΠϯλʔϑΣΠεॏࢹ΁ • APIͷܕఆٛΛ͔ͬͪΓ͢Δ • ܕఆٛΛར༻ͯ͠ɺϨεϙϯεΛόϦσʔγ ϣϯ͢Δ • ୯ମςετʹ΋ܕఆٛΛར༻͢Δ

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ৄࡉ • ҎԼͷࢿྉͰޠΓਚ͘͞Ε͍ͯΔ RubyKaigi 2017 ͰͲΜͳൃදΛ͔ͨ͠  - onk.ninja https://blog.onk.ninja/2017/09/21/my_talk_of_rubykaigi_2017

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APIఆٛΛ͔ͬͪΓ͢Δ͜ͱͷ ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͱͯ͠ͷϝϦοτ • αʔϏε͕ؒૄ݁߹ʹͳΓɺࣗ཯ੑ͕૿͢ • αʔϏεͷ࠶ར༻ੑ͕ߴ͘ͳΔ • αʔϏε࿈ܞʹ͓͚ΔϛεΛݮΒͤΔ • ֤αʔϏεͷࣗ཯͕ɺܥΛڧ͘͢Δ

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গ͠୤ઢͯ͠ɺ  ςετͷ࿩

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E2Eςετ͸ෆཁ͔? • ޡղΛڪΕͣʹݴ͑͹... ͜ͷϑΣʔζͰ͸ʮෆཁʯ • ҎԼΛ͖ͪΜͱߦ͑͹ɺܨ͗ࠐΈ͸΄΅ҰൃͰ׬ྃ͢Δ • APIઃܭɺαʔϏεؒ࿈ܞͷઃܭ • (Provider) APIܕఆٛ/υΩϡϝϯτੜ੒/αʔϏε୯ମͷςετ • (Consumer) Repositoryͷςετ • E2Eςετʹ͸σϝϦοτ͕ଟ͍

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Consumer-Driven Contract Testing • ConsumerͱProvider͕APIʹؔ͢Δܖ໿Λ݁ͼɺͦΕΛ΋ͱ ʹProvider͕ςετ͢Δ • E2EςετͱҧͬͯσϝϦοτ͕গͳ͍ͷͰɺ༨ྗ͕͋Ε͹΍ ͬͯ΋ྑ͍ͱࢥ͏ • FiNCͰ͸2೥લ͔Βݕ౼͸͍ͯ͠Δ͕ɺࠓͷͱ͜Ζ༏ઌ౓͕ ߴ͘ͳ͍ • "ܕΛकΔ" Ҏ্ͷܖ໿Λ݁Ϳͷ͸࣮ࡍ೉ͦ͠͏

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Ұͭͷࣄ࣮ • FiNCࣾͰ2017೥ʹى͖ͨো֐ΛৼΓฦͬͨ݁ՌɺαʔϏεؒͷE2E/CDCς ετͰ๷͛ͨ΋ͷ͸΄ͱΜͲͳ͔ͬͨ • E2EςετΛॻ্͍ͨͰɺ؂ࢹʹར༻͍ͯ͠Ε͹ɺૣظൃݟͰ͖ͨέʔε͸͍ ͔ͭ͋ͬͨ͘ (ηϚϯςΟοΫ؂ࢹ) • ͔ͦ͠͠Ε΋ݪҼ͸ɺsidekiq΍SQSͷΩϡʔ͕٧·ͬͨͳͲ • ΠϯϑϥϨϕϧͷ؂ࢹͰؾ͚ͮΔ • ଟ͍ͷ͸Client-ServerؒͰͷૄ௨ϛε • αʔϏεؒ͸ɺ୯ମςετͰ΄ͱΜͲͷ໰୊Λ๷͍͛ͯΔ

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࠷৽৘ใ • [Day 1 A-1] ͷηογϣϯͰɺαʔϏεΛ෼ׂ ͍ͯ࣌͘͠ͷςετͷ࿩͕͋ͬͨΑ͏Ͱ͢ ҆શ͔ͭߴ଎ʹਐΊΔϚΠΫϩαʔϏεԽ / @k0kubun https://speakerdeck.com/k0kubun/railsdm2018

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[ٕज़] ඇಉظΠϕϯτ ࿈ܞ

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ඇಉظΠϕϯτ࿈ܞ • αʔϏεͷڽू౓ΛอͭͨΊʹඞཁʹͳΔ • ฐࣾࣄྫͷൃද͕͋ΔͷͰɺৄࡉ͸ͦͪΒʹ ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεʹ͓͚Δ ඇಉظΞʔΩςΫνϟ - ota42y https://www.slideshare.net/ota42y/ss-80254350

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[ٕज़] Πϯϑϥ໘ͷ ༷ʑͳࣗಈԽ FiNCͰ͸Docker, Amazon ECSΛར༻͍ͯ͠· ͢ɻࠓճ͸ඈ͹͠·͢ɻ

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[ٕज़] ϚΠΫϩαʔϏ εਫ਼ਆ ͓΋ͯͳ͠ͷ৺

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தԝूத؅ཧ੎ྗ • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͷߦ͘खΛ્Ήఢ

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தԝ؅ཧʹͨ͘͠ͳΔྫ • ڞ௨Խ (DRY) • ݸਓ৘ใ • ηΩϡϦςΟ • σϓϩΠεΫϦϓτ • ϑϩϯτΤϯυ • UIͷ౷Ұੑ

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தԝूத؅ཧ੎ྗͱͷઓ͍ • தԝ؅ཧ͸ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεਫ਼ਆͱ૬൓͢Δ • தԝ؅ཧͨ͘͠ͳΔཧ༝͸ɺ༷ʑͳͱ͜Ζʹ ଘࡏ͢Δ • ͦΕΒͷཁ݅ͱɺϚΠΫϩαʔϏεΛཱ྆͢ Δ౒ྗΛ͢Δ

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࣮ྫ: ؅ཧը໘େ౷Ұ ߏ૝ ϚΠΫϩαʔϏε৓ʹݱΕͨఢର੎ྗ

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ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͱ؅ཧը໘ • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεʹ΋؅ཧը໘͸ඞཁ • ී௨ͷαʔϏεͱಉ͡ɺͰ͢ΑͶ • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͷ਺͚ͩ؅ཧը໘͕Ͱ͖Δ • devise ͱ͔Λ࢖ͬͯΊ͍Ί͍ʹ࣮૷͢Δ

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՝୊ • ΞΫηείϯτϩʔϧ͕؅ཧͰ͖͍ͯͳ͍ • ֤αʔϏε͕ಠࣗͰΞΧ΢ϯτ؅ཧ • ୀ৬ऀͷΞΧ΢ϯτΛ࡟আͰ͖͍ͯͳ͍ • ࢖͏ਓ͕ɺͲ͜ʹԿ͕͋Δͷ͔Θ͔Βͳ͘ͳΔ • UX͕౷߹͞Ε͍ͯͳ͍ • େྔʹϒοΫϚʔΫ͢Δ͜ͱʹ

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ͦ͜Ͱ؅ཧը໘େ౷Ұߏ૝ • ΞΫηείϯτϩʔϧΛूத؅ཧ • ΞΧ΢ϯτ؅ཧ (ೝূ) • ୭͕ԿΛͰ͖Δ͔ͷ؅ཧ (ೝՄ)

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ىͬͨ͜͜ͱ • ͪͬͱ΋ਐ·ͳ͍

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ىͬͨ͜͜ͱ • ͦ͏͜͏͍ͯ͠Δ͏ͪʹɺ৽͍͠؅ཧը໘Λ ࡞Γͨ͘ͳΔ • ࡞Ζ͏ͱͨ͠Βʮ͜ΕҎ্؅ཧը໘Λ૿΍͞ ͳ͍Ͱ͘ΕʯͱݴΘΕͨ

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൓࿦ͨ͠ • ൓࿦͠ͳ͕Β΋ɺ൓ল͍ͯ͠Δ໘΋͋Δ  (ݱʹ໰୊͕ى͖͍ͯΔ͔Β)

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தԝ؅ཧ͍ͨ͠ཧ༝ • ΞΫηείϯτϩʔϧ • ೝূ   (ձࣾͷActive DirectoryΞΧ΢ϯτΛ࢖͍͍ͨ) • ೝՄ (ݖݶͷ؅ཧ) • UX (γʔϜϨεʹભҠͰ͖Δ)

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ΞΫηείϯτϩʔϧ (ೝূ) • Single Sign-onΛ͢Δࣾ಺GemΛ࡞ͬͨ • ADΛར༻͢ΔͨΊɺruby-saml Λϕʔε • Rails Engine • ࣾ಺ADͷ(ൿಗͰ͸ͳ͍)৘ใΛgem಺ʹ࣋ ͨͤɺಋೖΛ؆୯ʹ

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࡞ͬͨਓ

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ΞΫηείϯτϩʔϧ (ೝՄ) • ೝՄ͸ͦ΋ͦ΋தԝ؅ཧͰ͖ͳ͍ • ೝՄ͸ϏδωεϩδοΫ • ֤αʔϏεͰ࣮૷͢΂͖΋ͷ • ϢʔβʹλάΛషΔػೳ͚ͩɺࣾ಺Gemͷதʹ࡞ͬͨ • ؆қతͳ΋ͷ • (͜͜ʹೝՄͷϩδοΫ౳·ͰؚΊΔͱͭΒ͘ͳΔ)

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UXͷ౷߹ • ཁٻͷϨϕϧʹΑͬͯ΍Γํ͕มΘΔ • ·ͩ΍͍ͬͯͳ͍ • ࣾ಺؅ཧը໘ͳͷͰɺ  ཁٻϨϕϧ͸͍·ͷͱ͜Ζ࠷௿ • ࣍ͷྫͰ΋࿩͠·͢

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ྫ·ͱΊ • தԝ؅ཧ͸ɺϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͷࢥ૝ʹ൓͢ Δ • தԝ؅ཧ͍ͨ͠ཧ༝͸͋Δ • ໰୊ΛݟۃΊɺద੾ʹରॲ͢Δ

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ྫ·ͱΊ • ڞ௨ͷؔ৺ࣄ͸ɺࣾ಺GemͰରॲ͢Δ • ϏδωεͷϩδοΫ͸ؚΊͳ͍͜ͱ • Gemʹࣾ಺ಛ༗ͷ৘ใ·ͰؚΊɺಋೖΛ؆୯ʹ͢ Δ • (΋ͪΖΜɺࣾ಺ಛ༗ͷ΋ͷҎ֎͸OSSʹ͠Α͏ʂ)

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ࣾ಺Gemʹؔ͢Δ͍͍࿩2ͭ • Ϋϩʔζυιʔε͔Β࢝ΊΔΦʔϓϯιʔε  2017-05-23 Speee Cafe Meetup #07 େ஥ ೳ࢙ a.k.a. @onk  https://www.slideshare.net/takafumionaka/ss-76268823 • ApplicationTemplateͷεεϝ  2017-08-06 ͗Μ͟ Ruby ձٞ 01 େ஥ ೳ࢙ a.k.a. @onk  https://www.slideshare.net/takafumionaka/applicationtemplate

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࣮ྫ:   ෳ਺छผͷϢʔβʹఏڙ͢Δ αʔϏεͷϚΠΫϩαʔϏεԽ ϚΠΫϩαʔϏε͸API͚ͩʹ͢΂͖͔ɺView΋ఏ ڙ͢΂͖͔ʁ

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๏ਓ޲͚αʔϏε • Ϣʔβ͕2छྨଘࡏ͢Δ • ैۀһ • ਓࣄ • ͦΕͧΕͷϢʔβ޲͚ʹɺΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ ͕͋Δ

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৽نϚΠΫϩαʔϏε • ͋Δ৽ػೳΛ࡞Γ͍ͨ • ن໛ײΛߟ͑ͯɺϚΠΫϩαʔϏεԽ͍ͨ͠ • ैۀһ΋ਓࣄ΋ɺͦΕͧΕͷUIΛ௨ͯ͠ར༻ ͢Δ

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APIϞʔυʹ͢Δʁ • 1) API͚ͩΛఏڙ͢Δ • UI͸طଘͷैۀһ/ਓࣄΞϓϦέʔγϣϯʹ࣮૷ • طଘΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ͔ΒAPIΛୟ͘ • 2) View΋ఏڙ͢Δ • UIΛԿΒ͔ͷํ๏Ͱ౷߹͢Δ

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ϝϦοτ/σϝϦοτ  1) API͚ͩΛఏڙ͢Δ • ϝϦοτ: UIͷ౷߹͕؆୯ • σϝϦοτ: ࣮૷͕෼ࢄ͢Δ • ػೳ࣮૷ͷͱ͖ɺ3αʔϏεʹखΛ͍ΕΔ͜ ͱʹͳΔ

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ϝϦοτ/σϝϦοτ  2) View΋ఏڙ͢Δ • ϝϦοτ: ࣮૷͕1αʔϏεʹ·ͱ·Δ(ߴڽू) • σϝϦοτ: UIͷ౷߹͕೉͍͠ • 1ը໘Ͱෳ਺αʔϏε͕ฦ͢HTMLΛ౷߹͢ Δͷ͸೉͍͠

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ࠓճ͸2Λબ୒ (͢Δ༧ఆ) • UI͸ɺ͋Δఔ౓੾Γ཭͞Ε͍ͯͯ΋໰୊ͳ͍ • ผͷURLυϝΠϯͰఏڙ • Single Sign-onͰମݧΛγʔϜϨεʹ͢Δ • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͷϝϦοτΛ༏ઌ • ஫: ϢʔβମݧΑΓٕज़Λ༏ઌ͍ͯ͠Δɺͱ͍͏Θ͚Ͱ͸ͳ͍ • γʔϜϨεͳϢʔβମݧΑΓ΋ɺߴ଎ʹPDCAΛճͯ͠Ձ஋Λఏڙ͠ ͍ͯ͘ํʹॏ͖Λ͓͍͍ͯΔ

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UIͷڞ௨Խ • UIͷϔομ෦෼ͳͲΛɺαʔϏεؒͰڞ௨Խ͢Δඞཁ͕͋Δ • ΍Γํ͸͍͔ͭ͘ߟ͑ΒΕΔ • ίϐϖ • ϥΠϒϥϦͰڞ༗ • 1ͭͷαʔϏε͕ఏڙ (iframe) • ݕ౼த

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Lv.3 ͓͢͢Ίͷจݙ • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεΞʔΩ ςΫνϟ

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·ͱΊͰ͢ • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεʹؔ࿈͢Δ࿩୊͸ٕज़࿦ɾ૊৫࿦ ͳͲଟذʹΘͨΔ • શͯͷೳྗΛҰேҰ༦ʹͯ֫͠ಘ͢Δ͜ͱ͸ෆՄೳ • ֤εςʔδʹΑͬͯͲͷΑ͏ͳೳྗΛ֫ಘ͍ͯ͘͠ ΂͖͔Λ࿦ͨ͡ • εϞʔϧελʔτ͔Βঃʑʹ΍͍͖ͬͯ

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Microservices͸࠷ ߴʂʂʂʂʂʂʂʂʂ ʂʂʂʂʂʂʂ