Slide 1

Slide 1 text

Introduction to

Slide 2

Slide 2 text

@igorwesome

Slide 3

Slide 3 text

(

Slide 4

Slide 4 text

John McCarthy

Slide 5

Slide 5 text

No content

Slide 6

Slide 6 text

f o r g e t everything y o u k n o w

Slide 7

Slide 7 text

(+ 1 2)

Slide 8

Slide 8 text

(+ 1 2) l i s t

Slide 9

Slide 9 text

(+ 1 2) symbol

Slide 10

Slide 10 text

(+ 1 2) number

Slide 11

Slide 11 text

(+ 1 2) number

Slide 12

Slide 12 text

(+ 1 2) a p p l i c a t i o n

Slide 13

Slide 13 text

(+ 1 2) function

Slide 14

Slide 14 text

(+ 1 2) arguments

Slide 15

Slide 15 text

3

Slide 16

Slide 16 text

No content

Slide 17

Slide 17 text

cons

Slide 18

Slide 18 text

car

Slide 19

Slide 19 text

first

Slide 20

Slide 20 text

cdr

Slide 21

Slide 21 text

rest

Slide 22

Slide 22 text

(a . b)

Slide 23

Slide 23 text

a b

Slide 24

Slide 24 text

(a . nil)

Slide 25

Slide 25 text

a

Slide 26

Slide 26 text

(a . (b . (c . nil)))

Slide 27

Slide 27 text

a b c

Slide 28

Slide 28 text

(a b c)

Slide 29

Slide 29 text

[:a :b :c]

Slide 30

Slide 30 text

(first [:a :b :c]) !

Slide 31

Slide 31 text

(first [:a :b :c]) ! :a

Slide 32

Slide 32 text

a b c

Slide 33

Slide 33 text

(rest [:a :b :c]) !

Slide 34

Slide 34 text

(rest [:a :b :c]) ! [:b :c]

Slide 35

Slide 35 text

a b c

Slide 36

Slide 36 text

(cons :a [:b :c]) !

Slide 37

Slide 37 text

(cons :a [:b :c]) ! [:a :b :c]

Slide 38

Slide 38 text

a b c

Slide 39

Slide 39 text

(+ 2 3 5 7 11 13)

Slide 40

Slide 40 text

(/ (+ (- b) (math.sqrt (- (math.expt b 2) (* 4 a c)))) (* 2 a)) ! (/ (- (- b) (math.sqrt (- (math.expt b 2) (* 4 a c)))) (* 2 a))

Slide 41

Slide 41 text

5 3.14 "fubar" variable :keyword

Slide 42

Slide 42 text

(fn [x] x)

Slide 43

Slide 43 text

(fn [x] x) arguments

Slide 44

Slide 44 text

(fn [x] x) body

Slide 45

Slide 45 text

(def answer 42)

Slide 46

Slide 46 text

(def hello (fn [name] (str "Hello " name)))

Slide 47

Slide 47 text

(defn hello [name] (str "Hello " name))

Slide 48

Slide 48 text

(hello "ZCEU")

Slide 49

Slide 49 text

(defn member? [x coll] (cond (empty? coll) false :else (or (= (first coll) x) (member? x (rest coll)))))

Slide 50

Slide 50 text

(defn member? [x coll] (cond (empty? coll) false :else (or (= (first coll) x) (member? x (rest coll)))))

Slide 51

Slide 51 text

(defn member? [x coll] (cond (empty? coll) false :else (or (= (first coll) x) (member? x (rest coll)))))

Slide 52

Slide 52 text

(defn member? [x coll] (cond (empty? coll) false :else (or (= (first coll) x) (member? x (rest coll)))))

Slide 53

Slide 53 text

(defn member? [x coll] (cond (empty? coll) false :else (or (= (first coll) x) (member? x (rest coll)))))

Slide 54

Slide 54 text

(defn member? [x coll] (cond (empty? coll) false :else (or (= (first coll) x) (member? x (rest coll)))))

Slide 55

Slide 55 text

(defn member? [x coll] (cond (empty? coll) false :else (or (= (first coll) x) (member? x (rest coll)))))

Slide 56

Slide 56 text

(member? :c [:a :b :c :d])

Slide 57

Slide 57 text

(defn member? [x coll] (cond (empty? coll) false :else (or (= (first coll) x) (member? x (rest coll))))) ! (member? :c [:a :b :c :d])

Slide 58

Slide 58 text

(defn member? [x coll] (cond (empty? coll) false :else (or (= (first coll) x) (member? x (rest coll))))) ! (member? :c [:a :b :c :d])

Slide 59

Slide 59 text

(defn member? [x coll] (cond (empty? coll) false :else (or (= (first coll) x) (member? x (rest coll))))) ! (member? :c [:a :b :c :d])

Slide 60

Slide 60 text

(defn member? [x coll] (cond (empty? coll) false :else (or (= (first coll) x) (member? x (rest coll))))) ! (member? :c [:a :b :c :d])

Slide 61

Slide 61 text

(defn member? [x coll] (cond (empty? coll) false :else (or (= (first coll) x) (member? x (rest coll))))) ! (member? :c [:a :b :c :d]) (member? :c [:b :c :d])

Slide 62

Slide 62 text

(defn member? [x coll] (cond (empty? coll) false :else (or (= (first coll) x) (member? x (rest coll))))) ! (member? :c [:a :b :c :d]) (member? :c [:b :c :d])

Slide 63

Slide 63 text

(defn member? [x coll] (cond (empty? coll) false :else (or (= (first coll) x) (member? x (rest coll))))) ! (member? :c [:a :b :c :d]) (member? :c [:b :c :d])

Slide 64

Slide 64 text

(defn member? [x coll] (cond (empty? coll) false :else (or (= (first coll) x) (member? x (rest coll))))) ! (member? :c [:a :b :c :d]) (member? :c [:b :c :d])

Slide 65

Slide 65 text

(defn member? [x coll] (cond (empty? coll) false :else (or (= (first coll) x) (member? x (rest coll))))) ! (member? :c [:a :b :c :d]) (member? :c [:b :c :d]) (member? :c [:c :d])

Slide 66

Slide 66 text

(defn member? [x coll] (cond (empty? coll) false :else (or (= (first coll) x) (member? x (rest coll))))) ! (member? :c [:a :b :c :d]) (member? :c [:b :c :d]) (member? :c [:c :d])

Slide 67

Slide 67 text

(defn member? [x coll] (cond (empty? coll) false :else (or (= (first coll) x) (member? x (rest coll))))) ! (member? :c [:a :b :c :d]) (member? :c [:b :c :d]) (member? :c [:c :d])

Slide 68

Slide 68 text

(defn member? [x coll] (cond (empty? coll) false :else (or (= (first coll) x) (member? x (rest coll))))) ! (member? :c [:a :b :c :d]) (member? :c [:b :c :d]) (member? :c [:c :d]) => true

Slide 69

Slide 69 text

(defn member? [x coll] (cond (empty? coll) false :else (or (= (first coll) x) (member? x (rest coll))))) ! (member? :c [:a :b :c :d]) (member? :c [:b :c :d]) => true

Slide 70

Slide 70 text

(defn member? [x coll] (cond (empty? coll) false :else (or (= (first coll) x) (member? x (rest coll))))) ! (member? :c [:a :b :c :d]) => true

Slide 71

Slide 71 text

true

Slide 72

Slide 72 text

Collections

Slide 73

Slide 73 text

Filter

Slide 74

Slide 74 text

0 1 2 3 4 even?

Slide 75

Slide 75 text

0 1 2 3 4 even? 0

Slide 76

Slide 76 text

0 1 2 3 4 even? 0

Slide 77

Slide 77 text

0 1 2 3 4 even? 0 2

Slide 78

Slide 78 text

0 1 2 3 4 even? 0 2

Slide 79

Slide 79 text

0 1 2 3 4 even? 0 2 4

Slide 80

Slide 80 text

(filter even? [0 1 2 3 4])

Slide 81

Slide 81 text

Map

Slide 82

Slide 82 text

0 1 2 3 4 #(+ 5 %)

Slide 83

Slide 83 text

0 1 2 3 4 #(+ 5 %) 5

Slide 84

Slide 84 text

0 1 2 3 4 #(+ 5 %) 5 6

Slide 85

Slide 85 text

0 1 2 3 4 #(+ 5 %) 5 7 6

Slide 86

Slide 86 text

0 1 2 3 4 #(+ 5 %) 5 7 6 8

Slide 87

Slide 87 text

0 1 2 3 4 #(+ 5 %) 5 7 9 6 8

Slide 88

Slide 88 text

(map #(+ 5 %) [0 1 2 3 4])

Slide 89

Slide 89 text

Reduce

Slide 90

Slide 90 text

3 6 7 9 + 0 running total

Slide 91

Slide 91 text

3 6 7 9 + 0 3 running total

Slide 92

Slide 92 text

3 6 7 9 + 0 9 3 running total

Slide 93

Slide 93 text

3 6 7 9 + 0 9 3 16 running total

Slide 94

Slide 94 text

3 6 7 9 + 0 9 25 3 16 running total

Slide 95

Slide 95 text

3 6 7 9 + 0 9 25 3 16 running total

Slide 96

Slide 96 text

(reduce + 0 [3 6 7 9])

Slide 97

Slide 97 text

0 1 2 3 4 even? 0 2 4 #(+ 5 %) 5 7 9 + 5 12 21

Slide 98

Slide 98 text

Macros

Slide 99

Slide 99 text

(foo bar baz)

Slide 100

Slide 100 text

"(+ 1 2)" Reader + 1 2 + 1 2 Eval 3 Compile-time Runtime x 0 y 1 z 2

Slide 101

Slide 101 text

"(a 1 2)" Reader a 1 2 Compile-time Macro b 5 6 a 1 2

Slide 102

Slide 102 text

(defn id [x] x) => (def id (clojure.core/fn ([x] x)))

Slide 103

Slide 103 text

(-> [:foo :bar :baz] reverse first name string/reverse) (string/reverse (name (first (reverse [:foo :bar :baz])))) =>

Slide 104

Slide 104 text

(defmacro unless [pred a b] `(if (not ~pred) ~a ~b))

Slide 105

Slide 105 text

(unless foo x y) => (if (not foo) x y)

Slide 106

Slide 106 text

unless ($foo) => if (!$foo)

Slide 107

Slide 107 text

class Foo ($bar) { } ! => ! class Foo { private $bar; function __construct($bar) { $this->bar = $bar; } }

Slide 108

Slide 108 text

($x): $x => fn ($x) { return $x; } => function ($x) { return $x; }

Slide 109

Slide 109 text

Backporting?

Slide 110

Slide 110 text

['foo', 'bar', 'baz'] => array('foo', 'bar', 'baz')

Slide 111

Slide 111 text

return function () { return $this->baz(); }; => $that = $this; return function () use ($that) { return $that->baz(); };

Slide 112

Slide 112 text

5.5 5.4 5.3 5.2 FI ...

Slide 113

Slide 113 text

Y-Combinator

Slide 114

Slide 114 text

(defn Y [le] ((fn [f] (f f)) (fn [f] (le #((f f) %)))))

Slide 115

Slide 115 text

(defn fac [f] (fn [x] (if (zero? x) 1 (* x (f (dec x))))))

Slide 116

Slide 116 text

((Y fac) 5)

Slide 117

Slide 117 text

((Y ) 5) (fn [f] (fn [x] (if (zero? x) 1 (* x (f (dec x))))))

Slide 118

Slide 118 text

(( ) 5) (fn [f] (fn [x] (if (zero? x) 1 (* x (f (dec x)))))) (fn [le] ((fn [f] (f f)) (fn [f] (le #((f f) %)))))

Slide 119

Slide 119 text

Lambda Calculus

Slide 120

Slide 120 text

0: (fn [f] identity) 1: (fn [f] f) 2: (fn [f] #(f (f %))) 3: (fn [f] #(f (f (f %))))

Slide 121

Slide 121 text

((n inc) 0)

Slide 122

Slide 122 text

(( inc) 0) (fn [f] identity)

Slide 123

Slide 123 text

( 0) identity

Slide 124

Slide 124 text

0

Slide 125

Slide 125 text

(( inc) 0) (fn [f] f)

Slide 126

Slide 126 text

( 0) inc

Slide 127

Slide 127 text

1

Slide 128

Slide 128 text

(( inc) 0) (fn [f] #(f (f %)))

Slide 129

Slide 129 text

( 0) #(inc (inc %))

Slide 130

Slide 130 text

2

Slide 131

Slide 131 text

(defn INC [n] (fn [p] (fn [x] (p ((n p) x))))) ! ! (defn DEC [n] (fn [f] (fn [x] (((n (fn [g] (fn [h] (h (g f))))) (fn [y] x)) (fn [y] y))))) ! ! (defn ADD [m] (fn [n] ((n INC) m))) ! ! (defn MUL [m] (fn [n] ((n (ADD m)) ZERO)))

Slide 132

Slide 132 text

Meta-circular evaluator

Slide 133

Slide 133 text

• = • fn • cond • cons • first • rest • quote

Slide 134

Slide 134 text

(defun null. (x) (eq x '())) ! (defun and. (x y) (cond (x (cond (y 't) ('t '()))) ('t '()))) ! (defun not. (x) (cond (x '()) ('t 't))) ! (defun append. (x y) (cond ((null. x) y) ('t (cons (car x) (append. (cdr x) y))))) ! (defun list. (x y) (cons x (cons y '()))) ! (defun pair. (x y) (cond ((and. (null. x) (null. y)) '()) ((and. (not. (atom x)) (not. (atom y))) (cons (list. (car x) (car y)) (pair. (cdr x) (cdr y)))))) ! (defun assoc. (x y) (cond ((eq (caar y) x) (cadar y)) ('t (assoc. x (cdr y))))) (defun eval. (e a) (cond ((atom e) (assoc. e a)) ((atom (car e)) (cond ((eq (car e) 'quote) (cadr e)) ((eq (car e) 'atom) (atom (eval. (cadr e) a))) ((eq (car e) 'eq) (eq (eval. (cadr e) a) (eval. (caddr e) a))) ((eq (car e) 'car) (car (eval. (cadr e) a))) ((eq (car e) 'cdr) (cdr (eval. (cadr e) a))) ((eq (car e) 'cons) (cons (eval. (cadr e) a) (eval. (caddr e) a))) ((eq (car e) 'cond) (evcon. (cdr e) a)) ('t (eval. (cons (assoc. (car e) a) (cdr e)) a)))) ((eq (caar e) 'label) (eval. (cons (caddar e) (cdr e)) (cons (list. (cadar e) (car e)) a))) ((eq (caar e) 'lambda) (eval. (caddar e) (append. (pair. (cadar e) (evlis. (cdr e) a)) a))))) ! (defun evcon. (c a) (cond ((eval. (caar c) a) (eval. (cadar c) a)) ('t (evcon. (cdr c) a)))) (defun evlis. (m a) (cond ((null. m) '()) ('t (cons (eval. (car m) a) (evlis. (cdr m) a)))))

Slide 135

Slide 135 text

62 LOC

Slide 136

Slide 136 text

PHPPHP: 6208 LOC github.com/ircmaxell/PHPPHP

Slide 137

Slide 137 text

PHPPHP: 6208 LOC github.com/ircmaxell/PHPPHP (parser +6169 LOC)

Slide 138

Slide 138 text

)

Slide 139

Slide 139 text

No content

Slide 140

Slide 140 text

No content

Slide 141

Slide 141 text

No content

Slide 142

Slide 142 text

No content

Slide 143

Slide 143 text

• www.lisperati.com/logo.html • codon.com/programming-with-nothing • fogus.me/static/preso/magnificent7/

Slide 144

Slide 144 text

Questions? • clojure.org • github.com/igorw/ilias • github.com/igorw/galapagos ! • @igorwesome