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@JoeKarlsson1
Bringing
JS to
the IoT
Edge
A Gentle
Introduction to the
Internet of Things
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
Why does IoT Matter?
Source: https://www.statista.com/statistics/471264/iot-number-of-connected-devices-worldwide/
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@JoeKarlsson1
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{
name: “Joe Karlsson”,
company: “MongoDB”,
title: [
“Developer Advocate”,
“Software Engineer”
],
twitter: “@JoeKarlsson1”,
twitch: “joe_karlsson”,
website: “joekarlsson.com”,
}
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@JoeKarlsson1
MagicMirror^2
@JoeKarlsson1
https://magicmirror.builders/
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@JoeKarlsson1
Moodlite
@JoeKarlsson1
https://moodlite.co.uk/
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@JoeKarlsson1
Before we get started…
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
Thank you for coming!
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
Who is this talk for?
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
How is this going to work?
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@JoeKarlsson1
A quick audience poll
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT?
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
JS?
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
Want to follow along?
@JoeKarlsson1
bit.ly/IoTandJS
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@JoeKarlsson1
Agenda
• Intro to IoT
• Why JS & IoT?
• IoT data best practices
• IoT Kitty Litter Box
• The future of IoT
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
What
the
heck
is
IoT?
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
It’s just the
internet, but
with “things”
on it
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
…so what
is a
“thing?”
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
Smart Home
Home Security
Smart Appliances
Smart Light Bulbs
Smart Outlets
Nest Thermostat
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
Wearables
Smart Water Bottle
Fitbit
Breathing Sensor
Smart Running Shoes
Lumo Run Shorts
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
Automated Manufacturing
Humidity Sensor
Motion Sensor
Remote Monitoring
Smart Delivery
Temperature Sensor
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
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No content
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@JoeKarlsson1
A company is an association or collection
of individuals, whether natural persons,
legal persons, or a mixture of both.
Company members share a common
purpose and unite in order to focus their
various talents and organize their
collectively available skills or resources to
achieve specific, declared goals.
Collect
Devices and sensors collect data
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
A company is an association or collection
of individuals, whether natural persons,
legal persons, or a mixture of both.
Company members share a common
purpose and unite in order to focus their
various talents and organize their
collectively available skills or resources to
achieve specific, declared goals.
Communicate
Data and events sent through the network
Data Center
The Cloud Home Router
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
A company is an association or collection
of individuals, whether natural persons,
legal persons, or a mixture of both.
Company members share a common
purpose and unite in order to focus their
various talents and organize their
collectively available skills or resources to
achieve specific, declared goals.
Analyze
Computers analyzes the incoming data
Run Reports
Home Router
Machine Learning View Reports
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
A company is an association or collection
of individuals, whether natural persons,
legal persons, or a mixture of both.
Company members share a common
purpose and unite in order to focus their
various talents and organize their
collectively available skills or resources to
achieve specific, declared goals.
Act
Taking action based on the data
Send a notification
Communicate with
another machine Stream
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• Anything with a internet
enabled chip in it
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• Anything with a internet
enabled chip in it
• IoT is exploding
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@JoeKarlsson1
Agenda
• Intro to IoT
• Why JS & IoT?
• IoT data best practices
• IoT Kitty Litter Box
• The future of IoT
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT
+
JS(?!)
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
Why Node?
58 percent of
respondents that
identified as
IoT developers use
Node
Source: https://nodejs.org/en/blog/announcements/nodejs-foundation-survey/
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
JS is a
great
choice
for new
devs
Other low level
programming
languages can be
difficult to develop
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
Easy to
update
over a
network
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
The
internet
already
speaks JS
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@JoeKarlsson1
Tons of
existing
libraries,
plugins
and APIs
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
Cylon.js Johnny-Five
https://cylonjs.com/ http://johnny-five.io/
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@JoeKarlsson1
JS is great
at handling
event-driven
apps
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@JoeKarlsson1
It got dark in here
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Can you turn yourself on?
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I turned myself on
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@JoeKarlsson1
Events
reduce
the cost
of
listening
for the
device
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• Why JS & IoT?
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• Most IoT Devs are Node devs
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• Most IoT Devs are Node devs
• JS is great for new devs
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• Most IoT Devs are Node devs
• JS is great for new devs
• Easy to update over a network
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• Most IoT Devs are Node devs
• JS is great for new devs
• Easy to update over a network
• The internet already speaks JS
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• Most IoT Devs are Node devs
• JS is great for new devs
• Easy to update over a network
• The internet already speaks JS
• Tons of great libraries
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• Most IoT Devs are Node devs
• JS is great for new devs
• Easy to update over a network
• The internet already speaks JS
• Tons of great libraries
• JS is event driven
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@JoeKarlsson1
Agenda
• Intro to IoT
• Why JS & IoT?
• IoT data best practices
• IoT Kitty Litter Box
• The future of IoT
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
But what do
we do with
all that
data?
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@JoeKarlsson1
Things to
consider when
choosing a DB
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
DB needs to
ingest data
quickly
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@JoeKarlsson1
@JoeKarlsson1
Should be
event driven
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@JoeKarlsson1
Flexible
schema
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@JoeKarlsson1
Handles time
series data
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@JoeKarlsson1
I may be
biased,
but…
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
MongoDB is a
great choice
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• IoT data best practices
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• IoT data best practices
• DB needs to ingest data quickly
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• IoT data best practices
• DB needs to ingest data quickly
• DB should be event driven
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• IoT data best practices
• DB needs to ingest data quickly
• DB should be event driven
• Flexible schema
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• IoT data best practices
• DB needs to ingest data quickly
• DB should be event driven
• Flexible schema
• Time series data works best
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@JoeKarlsson1
Agenda
• Intro to IoT
• Why JS & IoT?
• IoT data best practices
• IoT Kitty Litter Box
• The future of IoT
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
Let’s jump
into
something
*practical
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
@JoeKarlsson1
IoT Kitty Litter Box
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@JoeKarlsson1
I sprang for a
midcentury
modern kitty
litter box.
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
I know this is
totally extra.
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@JoeKarlsson1
OK, so it’s
still a WIP, but
let’s talk about
it
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
Want to watch
me make it?
https://www.twitch.tv/mongodb
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
Raspberry Pi
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
Small and
amazingly
capable,
credit card size
$35
computer
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
Install Node on
your Pi
Find tips here:
https://www.losant.com/blog/how-to-install-nodejs-on-raspberry-pi
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
General Purpose
Input/Output
Pins [GPIO]
Can be used to interact
in with the real world
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@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
Output Pins
Switches that the
Raspberry Pi can turn on
or off
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
Input Pins
Switches that you can turn on
or off from the outside world
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
Great Overview
of the GPIO Pins
on Wikipedia
@JoeKarlsson1
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi#General_purpose_input-output_(GPIO)_connector
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@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
Breadboard
A breadboard is used
for prototyping
electronics
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
Building
a circuit
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@JoeKarlsson1
@JoeKarlsson1
Code: http://bit.ly/IotKittyBox
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@JoeKarlsson1
@JoeKarlsson1
The first step
of any IoT
project is to
make an LED
blink
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@JoeKarlsson1
var five = require("johnny-five");
var Raspi = require("raspi-io").RaspiIO;
var board = new five.Board({
io: new Raspi()
});
board.on("ready", function() {
var led = new five.Led("P1-13");
led.blink();
});
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@JoeKarlsson1
Alright, let’s
make a toilet
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
Maintenance Mode
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@JoeKarlsson1
@JoeKarlsson1
Initialize Base Weight
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@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
Cat Detected
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@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
@JoeKarlsson1
Reset new base weight
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@JoeKarlsson1
@JoeKarlsson1
Wait for new event
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@JoeKarlsson1
const { RaspiIO } = require('raspi-io');
const five = require(‘johnny-five');
const board = new five.Board({
io: new RaspiIO(),
});
let state = {
isMaintenenceMode: false,
};
board.on('ready', () => {
const spdt = new five.Switch('GPIO16');
spdt.on('open', () => {
state.isMaintenenceMode = true;
});
spdt.on('close', () => {
state.isMaintenenceMode = false;
});
});
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@JoeKarlsson1
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
The load cells…
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
Couldn’t find
support for my
load cells with
Johnny-Five, so
I had to get
creative.
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
import time
import sys
import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
from hx711 import HX711
while True:
try:
except (KeyboardInterrupt, SystemExit):
cleanAndExit()
hx = HX711(5, 6)
hx.set_reading_format("MSB", "MSB")
hx.set_reference_unit(1)
hx.reset()
hx.tare()
def cleanAndExit():
print("Cleaning...")
GPIO.cleanup()
print("Bye!")
sys.exit()
val = hx.get_weight(5)
print(val)
hx.power_down()
hx.power_up()
time.sleep(0.1)
loadCell.py
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@JoeKarlsson1
const spawn = require('child_process').spawn;
const process = spawn('python', ['./hx711py/scale.py'],
{ detached: true });
// Takes stdout data from script which executed
// with arguments and send this data to res object
process.stdout.on('data', data => {
let currWeight = parseFloat(data);
let avgWeight = updateAverageWeight(currWeight, recentsWeights);
});
process.stderr.on('data', err => {
console.error(err);
});
process.on('close', (code) => {
console.log(`child process exited with code ${code}`);
});
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@JoeKarlsson1
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
Connect our IoT
app with the
Node MongoDB
Driver
@JoeKarlsson1
Want $200 in free credits? http://bit.ly/NodeJSInteractive
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const MongoClient = require(‘mongodb').MongoClient;
const uri =
‘mongodb+srv://joe:[email protected]/iot
const client = new MongoClient(uri, { useNewUrlParser: true });
client.connect(err => {
const collection = client.db(‘IoT’).collection('toilets');
// perform actions on the collection object
client.close();
});
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT Time Series
Schema
@JoeKarlsson1
Want $200 in free credits? http://bit.ly/NodeJSInteractive
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{
"_id": { "$oid": "dskfjlk2j92121293901233" },
"timestamp_day": { "$date": { "$numberLong": "1573854434214" } },
"type": "cat_in_box",
"cat": { "name": "BMO", "weight": "200" },
"owner": "Joe Karlsson",
"events": [
]
}
IoT Time Series Schema
{
"timestamp_event": { "$date": { "$numberLong": "1573854435016" } },
"weight": { "$numberDouble": “15.593333333" }
},
{
"timestamp_event": { "$date": { "$numberLong": "1573854435824" } },
"weight": { "$numberDouble": "15.132222222" }
},
{
"timestamp_event": { "$date": { "$numberLong": "1573854436632" } },
“type”: “maintenance”
}
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
@JoeKarlsson1
Box Assembly
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@JoeKarlsson1
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
• Hook up Stitch functions
to send out weekly email
report
@JoeKarlsson1
@TODO:
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• IoT data best practices
• IoT Kitty Litter Box
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• IoT data best practices
• IoT Kitty Litter Box
• GPIO
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• IoT data best practices
• IoT Kitty Litter Box
• GPIO
• IoT “Hello World”
var five = require("johnny-five");
var Raspi = require("raspi-io").RaspiIO;
var board = new five.Board({
io: new Raspi()
});
board.on("ready", function() {
var led = new five.Led("P1-13");
led.blink();
});
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• IoT data best practices
• IoT Kitty Litter Box
• GPIO
• IoT “Hello World”
• Switches and Load cells
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• IoT data best practices
• IoT Kitty Litter Box
• GPIO
• IoT “Hello World”
• Switches and Load cells
• Sent IoT data to the cloud
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• IoT data best practices
• IoT Kitty Litter Box
• GPIO
• IoT “Hello World”
• Switches and Load cells
• Sent IoT data to the cloud
• Next steps…
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@JoeKarlsson1
Agenda
• Intro to IoT
• Why JS & IoT?
• IoT data best practices
• IoT Kitty Litter Box
• The future of IoT
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
Smaller and
more
powerful
devices
\
Better
Hardware
support
JS with a
smaller
footprint
Batteries will
become the
bottleneck
The Future of JS + IoT?
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• Anything with a internet
enabled chip in it
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• Anything with a internet
enabled chip in it
• IoT is exploding
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• Most IoT Devs are Node devs
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• Most IoT Devs are Node devs
• JS is great for new devs
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• Most IoT Devs are Node devs
• JS is great for new devs
• Easy to update over a network
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• Most IoT Devs are Node devs
• JS is great for new devs
• Easy to update over a network
• The internet already speaks JS
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• Most IoT Devs are Node devs
• JS is great for new devs
• Easy to update over a network
• The internet already speaks JS
• Tons of great libraries
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• Most IoT Devs are Node devs
• JS is great for new devs
• Easy to update over a network
• The internet already speaks JS
• Tons of great libraries
• JS is event driven
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• IoT data best practices
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• IoT data best practices
• DB needs to ingest data quickly
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• IoT data best practices
• DB needs to ingest data quickly
• DB should be event driven
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• IoT data best practices
• DB needs to ingest data quickly
• DB should be event driven
• Flexible schema
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• IoT data best practices
• DB needs to ingest data quickly
• DB should be event driven
• Flexible schema
• Time series data works best
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• IoT data best practices
• IoT Kitty Litter Box
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• IoT data best practices
• IoT Kitty Litter Box
• GPIO
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• IoT data best practices
• IoT Kitty Litter Box
• GPIO
• IoT “Hello World”
var five = require("johnny-five");
var Raspi = require("raspi-io").RaspiIO;
var board = new five.Board({
io: new Raspi()
});
board.on("ready", function() {
var led = new five.Led("P1-13");
led.blink();
});
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• IoT data best practices
• IoT Kitty Litter Box
• GPIO
• IoT “Hello World”
• Switches and Load cells
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• IoT data best practices
• IoT Kitty Litter Box
• GPIO
• IoT “Hello World”
• Switches and Load cells
• Sent IoT data to the cloud
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• IoT data best practices
• IoT Kitty Litter Box
• GPIO
• IoT “Hello World”
• Switches and Load cells
• Sent IoT data to the cloud
• Next steps…
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• IoT data best practices
• IoT Kitty Litter Box
• The future of IoT
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• IoT data best practices
• IoT Kitty Litter Box
• The future of IoT
• Smaller and more powerful
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• IoT data best practices
• IoT Kitty Litter Box
• The future of IoT
• Smaller and more powerful
• JS with a smaller footprint
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• IoT data best practices
• IoT Kitty Litter Box
• The future of IoT
• Smaller and more powerful
• JS with a smaller footprint
• Better hardware support
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• IoT data best practices
• IoT Kitty Litter Box
• The future of IoT
• Smaller and more powerful
• JS with a smaller footprint
• Better hardware support
• Batteries are the bottleneck
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@JoeKarlsson1
IoT and JS
• Intro to IoT
• JS & IoT(?!)
• IoT data best practices
• IoT Kitty Litter Box
• The future of IoT
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@JoeKarlsson1
Do you
want to
be an
IoT and
JS
master?
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
Just do it!
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
Questions?
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
Thank
You!
@JoeKarlsson1
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@JoeKarlsson1
All resources and links used in
this talk can be found here:
@JoeKarlsson1
bit.ly/IoTandJS
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@JoeKarlsson1
Want $200 in FREE Atlas credits?
@JoeKarlsson1
bit.ly/NodeJSInteractive
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{
name: “Joe Karlsson”,
company: “MongoDB”,
title: [
“Developer Advocate”,
“Software Engineer”
],
twitter: “@JoeKarlsson1”,
twitch: “joe_karlsson”,
website: “joekarlsson.com”,
}
bit.ly/IotKittyBox
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@JoeKarlsson1
•Source Code - http://bit.ly/IotKittyBox
• IoT Reference Architecture - https://
www.mongodb.com/collateral/iot-reference-
architecture
•Time Series Data and MongoDB: Best
Practices Guide - https://www.mongodb.com/
collateral/time-series-best-practices
Additional Resources
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@JoeKarlsson1