HHVM - Speaker Deck

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asm89 / @iam_asm89

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History

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HPHPc ● Open-sourced 2010 ● 6x speedup vs Zend VM

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HPHPc ● Compiled PHP C++ →

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HPHPc ● No eval ● No dynamic functions ● Two execution engines

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JIT compiler

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JIT compiler ● Zend VM – PHP Opcodes Runs on VM → →

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JIT compiler ● HHVM – PHP HHBC (ByteCode) HHIR (Intermediate Representation) → → Machine code →

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Getting started

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$ sudo wget -O - http://dl.hhvm.com/conf/hhvm.gpg.key \ > | sudo apt-key add - $ echo deb http://dl.hhvm.com/ubuntu trusty main \ > | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/hhvm.list $ sudo apt-get update $ sudo apt-get install hhvm https://github.com/facebook/hhvm/wiki/Prebuilt-packages-on-Ubuntu-14.04

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Homebrew https://github.com/facebook/hhvm/wiki/Building-and-installing-HHVM-on-OSX-10.9

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fastcgi https://github.com/facebook/hhvm/wiki/FastCGI

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$ hhvm hi-dpc.php hi dpc!

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Can I run HHVM?

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http://hhvm.com/frameworks/

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Try it!

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Why HHVM?

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Not just PHP...

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What is at stake? ● Consequence of subtle bugs: – Corrupt database, etc.. ● Consequence of difficult APIs: – Copy pasta, $needle or $haystack first ● Consequence of difficult refactoring – Bad APIs stay bad

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Technical debt

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● A statically typed language for HHVM ● Compatible with PHP: – Interoperates with no overhead – Same representation at runtime ● Evolved from PHP: – If you know PHP, you know Hack! ● Designed for incremental adoption: – Gradual typing

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Demo

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Hack type system ● What must be annotated? – Class members – Function parameters – Return types The rest is inferred

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Hack types ● All PHP types: int, MyClassName, array ● Nullable: ?int, ?MyClassName ● Mixed: anything (careful) ● Tuples: (int, bool, X) ● Closures: (function(int): int) ● Collections: Vector, Map ● Generics: A, foo(T $x): T ● Constraints: foo(T $x): T

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Not just types

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Type annotations at run time function foo(int $x): void { .. } foo('baz'); // Output Fatal error: Expected int, string given function bar(): bool { return 3.14; } // Output Fatal error: Expected bool, float given

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λ expressions

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PHP closure expressions // PHP closure syntax $b = 42; $fn = function($a) use ($b) { return $a + $b; }; $x = $fn(42);

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Hack lambda expressions // PHP closure syntax $b = 42; $fn = function($a) use ($b) { return $a + $b; }; $x = $fn(42); // Hack lambda syntax $b = 42; $fn = $a ==> $a + $b; $x = $fn(42);

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Benefits of Lambda Expressions ● More concise ● Auto capturing references ● Makes it easier to use callback-based APIs (wait for it..)

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Collections

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The Hack Collections framework is a set of language features and APIs that serve as a complete alternative to PHP arrays // PHP arrays $a = array(1, 2, 3); $b = array('a' => 4, 'b' => 5); function foo(array $c): void { .. } // Hack collections $a = Vector {1, 2, 3}; $b = Map {'a' => 4, 'b' => 5}; function foo(Map $c): void { .. }

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Map/filter example // PHP arrays $x = array_filter(array_map($fn1, $a), $fn2);

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Map/filter example // PHP arrays $x = array_filter(array_map($fn1, $a), $fn2); // Hack collections $x = $a->map($fn1)->filter($fn2);

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Map/filter example // PHP arrays $x = array_filter( array_map( function($a) use ($b) { return $a + $b; }, $array ), function($a) { return $a > 10; } );

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Map/filter example // PHP arrays $x = array_filter( array_map( function($a) use ($b) { return $a + $b; }, $array ), function($a) { return $a > 10; } ); // Hack collections $x = $a->map($a ==> $a + $b) ->filter($a ==> $a > 10);

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Demo

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More features ● Async/await ● Constructor promotion ● Trailing comma's in function calls ● Trait requirements ● User attributes (<> class C {}) ● <> ● ...