Kubernetesを知る/Introduction Kubernertes

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,VCFSOFUFTΛ஌Δ !QFUJUWJPMFU

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"HFOEB w LVCFSOFUFTͱ͸ w ֓೦ɾ༻ޠ w ΞʔΩςΫνϟ w جຊૢ࡞ w ӡ༻ʹ޲͚ͯ

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LVCFSOFUFT

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LVCFSOFUFTͷಡΈํ ͘ʔ͹Ͷ͍ͯ͌͢ ͘ʔ΂ΔͶ͍ͯ͌͢ ͖Ύʔ͹Ͷ͍ͯ͌͢ ͖Ύʔ΂ΔͶ͍ͯ͌͢

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LVCFSOFUFTJP

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LVCFSOFUFT *UHSPVQTDPOUBJOFSTUIBUNBLFVQBOBQQMJDBUJPOJOUP MPHJDBMVOJUTGPSFBTZNBOBHFNFOUBOEEJTDPWFSZ w ίϯςφͷΦʔέετϨʔγϣϯπʔϧ w ུশLT

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LVCFSOFUFT w 4FSWJDF%JTDPWFSZ w -PBE#BMBODJOH w 3FTJMJFODF w TFMGIFBMJOH w BVUPTDBMJOH w %FQMPZ w SPMMCBDL

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LVCFSOFUFT w .JDSPTFSWJDFTΛߏ੒͢Δͷʹ࢖ΘΕΔ w 1PE /PEF 4FSWJDF *OHSFTTͳͲͷάϧʔϐϯά w ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΛಈ͔͢ͷʹඞཁͳίϯς φ܈Λ·ͱΊͯ؅ཧग़དྷΔ w 4FSWJDF%JTDPWFSZͱ͔Λ͏·͘࢖͏ͱ .JDSPTFSWJDFTΛڠௐͤ͞Δ͜ͱ͕ग़དྷΔ

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טΈࡅ͘ͱ w %PDLFS ίϯςφΛ͍͍ײ͡ʹ؅ཧ͢Δ܅ w 7.ͰΫϥελΛ૊ΜͰɺͦͷ্Ͱ͍͍ײ͡ʹ ෳ਺ͷίϯςφΛڠௐͤ͞Δ w ίϯςφ͕Ϋϥογϡͨ͠Βࣗಈճ෮ w ॲཧ͕௥͍෇͔ͳ͚Ε͹Φʔτεέʔϧ

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LVCFSOFUFT w ෺ཧαʔόˠ7.ˠίϯςφ w αʔόΛந৅తʹѻ͑͏Α͏ʹͳ͖ͬͯͨ w ଟػೳͳ7.αʔόˠ୯ػೳͳίϯςφ w ࠷ۙͷ.JDSPTFSWJDFTͳྲྀΕ΋͋Δ w ୯ػೳͳίϯςφΛͲ͏૊Έ߹Θͤͯಈ͔͢ ͔ɺεέδϡʔϦϯάͨ͠Γ͢Δͷ͕େม w ͦ͜ͰLVCFSOFUFTͱ͍͏ྲྀΕ w %PDLFS4XBSN͸ૣ͗ͨ͢ʜ

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ͦͯ͠JNNVUBCMFJOGSBTUSBDUVSF w ઃఆϑΝΠϧ͸શͯZBNM w એݴతͳهड़͕Մೳ w LVCFDUMFEJUͱ໋͍ͬͨྩత ͳίϚϯυ͸ۃྗ࢖Θͣɺ ZBNMΛॻ͍ͯBQQMZ͢ΔͷΛ ৺͕͚Α͏

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LVCFSOFUFTͷ ֓೦༻ޠ

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֓೦༻ޠ w 1PE w 3FQMJDB4FU w %FQMPZNFOU w %BFNPO4FU w 4FSWJDF w *OHSFTT w 7PMVNF w $POpH.BQ 4FDSFU w /BNFTQBDF w FUD

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1PE w ͭҎ্ͷίϯςφͷݻ·Γ w ྫɿ8FCΞϓϦ/HJOYqVFOUE w LVCFSOFUFTͰ؅ཧ͢Δର৅ͷ࠷খ୯Ґ w ஀ੜࢮ๢Λͱ΋ʹ͢Δϓϩηε͕1PE w DQVNFNPSZͳͲͷϦιʔε੍ݶΛ͔͚Δ

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3FQMJDB4FU w 1PEͷ؅ཧΛ͢Δ w 1PEΛෳ੡ͯ͠Ұఆͷݸ਺Λอͭ w 1PE͕ࢮΜͩΒ৽͘͠1PEΛཱͯΔ w ௚઀࢖͏͜ͱ͸جຊతʹͳ͘ɺ%FQMPZNFOUͷ ࢠཁૉͱͯࣗ͠ಈͰ࡞੒͞ΕΔ w ੲ͸3FQMJDBUJPO$POUSPMMFSͱ͔ݴΘΕ͚ͯͨͲɺ ͍·͸3FQMJDB4FU͕ਖ਼͍͠

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%FQMPZNFOU w σϓϩΠ͢Δͱ͖͸΄ͱΜͲ͜Ε w 1PEͷ؅ཧΛ͢Δ3FQMJDB4FUͷ؅ཧΛ͢Δ w 3FQMJDB4FUͷػೳΛ࢖ͬͨσϓϩΠ w 1PEͭͣͭೖΕସ͑σϓϩΠ w CMVFHSFFO SFECMBDL σϓϩΠ w ϛεͬͨΒSPMMCBDL

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%BFNPO4FU w /PEFʹ͚ͭͩσϓϩΠ͍ͨ͠1PEΛ؅ཧ w qVFOUE EBUBEPHΒ΁ΜͰ࢖ΘΕΔ w ಉҰ/PEFʹͨ͘͞Μ͍Βͳ͍΍ͭ w Ͳͷ/PEFʹσϓϩΠ͢Δ͔΋બ୒Ͱ͖Δ w -BCFMͱ͔"OOPUBUJPOΛ࢖͏

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4FSWJDF w LVCFSOFUFT্Ͱಈ͘ίϯςφ΁ͷΞΫηε w 1PEʹΞΫηε͢ΔͨΊͷ໊લղܾͷ࢓૊Έ w 3FQMJDB4FU΍%FQMPZNFOU಺ͷ1PEʹ΋ಧ͘ w JQUBCMFTͰؤு͍ͬͯΔ ࠷৽൛ͩͱ*174 w $MVTUFS*1 /PEF1PSU -PBE#BMBODFS͕සग़ w $MVTUFS*1LTΫϥελ಺ʹดͨ͡4FSWJDF w /PEF1PSU/PEFͷ͋ΔQPSUΛQSPYZ͢Δ w -PBE#BMBODFS--#

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*OHSFTT w --# w )551 T -# w 4FSWJDFͷҰछͰ͸ͳͯ͘ผͷίϯϙʔωϯτ w ֤Ϋϥ΢υͱ౷߹͞Ε͍ͯΔ΋ͷΛ࢖͏͜ͱ ͕ଟ͍͔΋ w /HJOYΛ*OHSFTTͱͯ͠࢖ͬͨΓ΋ग़དྷΔ

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7PMVNF w Ϋϥελ্ͰσʔλΛѻ͏ͨΊͷ΋ͷ w ϑΝΠϧγεςϜ΋΋/'4ͱ͔΋࢖͑Δ w ֤Ϋϥ΢υͷσΟεΫʹରԠ͍ͯ͠Δ w 1FSTJTUFOU7PMVNO$MBJNͱ1FSTJTUFNU7PMVNO౳ Λ૊Έ߹ΘͤͯϘϦϡʔϜΛϚ΢ϯτ͢Δ w ϗετͷσΟϨΫτϦ΍UFNQσΟϨΫτϦΛ 1PEʹϚ΢ϯτ͢Δ͜ͱ΋Մೳ

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$POpH.BQ4FDSFU w $POpH.BQ؀ڥม਺ͳͲͷઃఆ w 4FDSFUػີ৘ใ w $POpH.BQΑΓݟ͑ͮΒ͍ w ͕ɺผʹTFDVSFͰ΋ͳ͍ CBTFͯ͠Δ͚ͩ

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$POpH.BQ4FDSFU w 7PMVNFͱͯ͠Ϛ΢ϯτͰ͖Δ w ϛυϧ΢ΣΞͷDPOG͸$POpH.BQͰ؅ཧՄೳ $POpH.BQ %FQMPZNFOU

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/BNFTQBDF w ͦͷ໊ͷ௨Γ໊લۭؒ w LTΫϥελΛԾ૝తʹ෼཭͢Δ w /BNFTQBDFΛ௒͑ͨ௨৴͕ग़དྷͳ͍ w LVCFTZTUFN LVCFQVCMJD EFGBVMU͕جຊ w QSPEVDUJPO TUBHJOH w BQJ CBUDI w ͳͲ੾Γޱ͸ࣗ༝

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LVCFSOFUFTͷΞʔΩςΫνϟ

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LTͷΞʔΩςΫνϟ w NBTUFS DPOUSPMQMBOF ͱXPSLFSϊʔυ w Ϋϥ΢υͷϑϧϚωʔδυLTαʔϏε͸ NBTUFSϊʔυΛ؅ཧͯ͘͠Ε͍ͯΔ w NBTUFSͷ৑௕ߏ੒΍όʔδϣϯΞοϓ౳ w جຊతʹ͸XPSLFSϊʔυ͚ͩߟ͑Ε͹0,

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IUUQTFOXJLJQFEJBPSHXJLJ,VCFSOFUFT

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IUUQTLVCFSOFUFTJPEPDTDPODFQUTBSDIJUFDUVSFDMPVEDPOUSPMMFS

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w LVCFBQJTFSWFS w LTͷ"1*Ͱɺ΄΅શͯͷίϯϙʔωϯτ͕BQJTFSWFSΛܦ༝͢Δ w LVCFDUMͷड͚ޱʹ΋ͳ͍ͬͯΔ w LVCFEOT $PSF%/4 w LTΫϥελ಺Ͱͷ໊લղܾ΍αʔϏεσΟεΧόϦʹ࢖༻͞ΕΔ%/4 w LVCFDPOUSPMMFSNBOBHFS w EFQMPZNFOUDPOUSPMMFSͳͲΛ࣮ߦ؂ࢹΛߦ͏ w LVCFMFU w ֤/PEFʹσϓϩΠ͞Εɺ%PDLFSͱ࿈ܞͯ͠ίϯςφͷ؅ཧΛߦ͏ w LVCFQSPYZ w ֤/PEFʹσϓϩΠ͞ΕɺτϥϑΟοΫΛసૹͯ͠4FSWJDFΛػೳͤ͞Δ w LVCFTDIFEVMFS w 1PEͷεέδϡʔϦϯά w FUDE w ෼ࢄ,74ͰɺLTΫϥελ಺ͷ৘ใ͕શͯอଘ͞ΕΔ

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LVCFSOFUFTͷجຊૢ࡞

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LVCFSOFUFTͷجຊૢ࡞ w LVCFDUM w ͖ΎʔͿ͜ΜͱΖʔΔ w DSFEFOUJBM w Ϋϥ΢υϓϩόΠμ͔Βೝূ৘ใΛऔಘ w DPOUFYU w ͲͷLTΫϥελʹΞΫηε͢Δ͔ $ kubectl config get-contexts

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LVCFSOFUFTͷجຊૢ࡞ $ alias kubectl=ku # お好みで $ ku get (e.g. pod, deployment, ns) $ ku describe /(e.g. deploy/my-api) $ ku logs $ ku logs --tail 1000 -f # 最新1000行 + 垂れ流し $ ku apply -f # createではなくこちら $ ku config get-contexts $ ku config use-context $ ku config set-context —namespace=

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LVCFSOFUFTͷσόοά $ ku describe / # まず見るべき情報 $ ku get -v=6 pod # 詳細なログを表示できる $ ku exec -it /bin/bash # docker execと同じ $ ku port-forward : $ ku run -it # docker runと同じ $ ku proxy # dashboardを見る $ ku cp pod: # scpと同じ

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LVCFSOFUFTΛӡ༻͢ΔͨΊʹ

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LTΛӡ༻͢ΔͨΊʹ w ஌͓͖͍ͬͯͨ͜ͱ w 1PEΛͲ͏࡞Δ͔ w ઃఆͰ͖Δ͜ͱ ZBNMͰԿΛॻ͔͘ w ϞχλϦϯά w σόοά w πʔϧ

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1PEΛͲ͏࡞Δ͔

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1PEΛͲ͏࡞Δ͔ w GBDUPSBQQ IUUQTGBDUPSOFUKB

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1PEΛͲ͏࡞Δ͔ w 1PEͷݪଇ w ੜ͖ࢮʹΛͱ΋ʹ͢Δີ݁߹ͳϓϩηε܈ w ίϯςφࣗମ͸جຊతʹϓϩηεͷΈ w 8FC"QQ/HJOYqVFOUEͳΒίϯςφ w ࠶ར༻Մೳͳίϯςφ͸੾Γग़͢ w 4JEF$BSύλʔϯͱ͔ݺ͹ΕΔ w 8FC"QQ/HJOY Ͱίϯςφʹ͠ͳ͍

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1PEΛͲ͏࡞Δ͔ w ઃఆϑΝΠϧ͸֎͔Βࠩ͠ࠐΊΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δ w $POpH.BQͰϑΝΠϧΛ؅ཧͯ͠Ϛ΢ϯτ w OHJOYDPOGͱ͔BQQMJDBUJPODPOGͱ͔ w Πϝʔδ࠶࡞੒Ͱ͸ͳͯ͘$POpHॻ͖׵͑

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ઃఆͰ͖Δ͜ͱ

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ઃఆͰ͖Δ͜ͱ w ZBNMͰઃఆͰ͖Δͷ͸ެࣜEPDTΛ·ͣಡΉ w ஌͓͍ͬͯͨํ͕͍͍΍ͭ w JNBHF1VMM1PMJDZ JNBHF1VMM4FDSFU w WPMVNFͷϚ΢ϯτͷ࢓ํ w ϔϧενΣοΫ MJWFOFTTSFBEJOFTTQSPCF w NFNPSZDQVͷSFRVFTUMJNJU

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MJWFOFTTSFBEJOFTTQSPCF w LTಛ༗ͳࢮ׆؂ࢹ w ίϚϯυ࣮ߦɺIUUQϦΫΤετͳͲͰνΣοΫ͢Δ w MJWFOFTT w ੜ͖ͯΔ͔Ͳ͏͔νΣοΫ w ͩΊͩͬͨΒ1PE࠶ىಈ w SFBEJOFTT w αʔϏεՔಇͰ͖Δ͔νΣοΫ w 1PE࠶ىಈ͸͞Εͳ͍͕τϥϑΟοΫ΋ఀࢭ

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SFRVFTUTMJNJUT w Ϧιʔεͷཁٻͱ੍ݶ w ࣮ࡍʹSFRVFTUͨ͠෼Λ͖ͬͪΓ࢖͏Θ͚Ͱ͸ͳ͘ɺ σϓϩΠͷ࣌ʹνΣοΫ͞ΕΔ w $16ͷMJNJU௒ա͸஗͘ͳΔ w NFNPSZͷMJNJU௒ա͸00.ͰLJMM͞ΕΔ w 1PEͷઃఆʹΑͬͯ͸ࣗಈͰ࠶ىಈ͞ΕΔ w 2P4΋͋Θͤͯ஌͓ͬͯ͘ͱྑ͍ w #FTU&GGPSU#VSTUBCMF(VBSBOUFFE https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/conﬁguration/manage-compute-resources-container/

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SFRVFTUTMJNJUT w $16 w ίΞ਺ϛϦίΞඵΛࢦఆ͢Δ w ίΞN w NFNPSZ w ϝϏόΠτͰࢦఆ͠Α͏ w .J#,# https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/conﬁguration/manage-compute-resources-container/

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ϞχλϦϯά

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ϞχλϦϯά w LVCFDUMUPQ w %BUBEPHΛ%BFNPO4FUͰ͍Εͯ؂ࢹ w LVCFTUBUFNFUSJDTܦ༝Ͱৄࡉ৘ใʹΞΫηε

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ϞχλϦϯά w ϊʔυ )PTU w ྫ -"ͱ͔σΟεΫ༰ྔͱ͔ w ίϯςφ w ྫ 1PE಺ͷ%PDLFSίϯςφͷ$16 w LVCFSOFUFT w ྫ %FQMPZNFOU഑ԼͰSFBEZͳ1PE਺

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πʔϧ

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πʔϧ w LVCFDUM w લड़ͷLVCFSOFUFTͷඪ४$-*πʔϧ w LVTUPNJ[F w σϓϩΠ͢Δ؀ڥ͝ͱʹZBNMΛੜ੒ w TUFSO w ϩάΛ͍͍ײ͡ʹΈΔ w LVCFDUYLVCFOT w DPOUFYUOBNFTQBDFΛ੾Γସ͑ w NJOJLVCFEPDLFSGPSNBD w ϩʔΧϧʹLVCFSOFUFTΫϥελߏங

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LVTUPNJ[F w LVCFSOFUFTTJHTLVTUPNJ[F w ؀ڥ͝ͱʹมߋ͍ͨ͠ઃఆ஋Λ؅ཧ w ؀ڥ͝ͱʹ༻ҙ͞ΕͨઃఆϑΝΠϧΛϚʔδ ͯ͠ڊେͳZBNMΛੜ੒͢Δ

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$ # yamlを生成(標準出力) $ kustomize build overlays/development/ $ # yaml生成 + kubectl apply $ kustomize build overlays/production/ \ | kubectl apply -f -

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TUFSO w XFSDLFSTUFSO w LVCFDUMMPHTͱҧͬͯෳ਺1PEͷϩάΛ·ͱΊ ͯྲྀ͢͜ͱ͕ग़དྷΔ $ stern $ stern --tail 1000 my-api

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͍͞͝ʹ

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͍͞͝ʹ ৮ͬͯΈͳ͍ͱΘ͔Βͳ͍ͷͰɺ৮ͬͯΈͯ͘ ͍ͩ͞ MPDBMʹNJOJLVCFEPDLFSGPSNBD(,&ͰLTΫ ϥελΛ্ཱͪ͛ͯ%FQMPZNFOU΍4FSWJDFΛಈ ͔ͨ͠ΓEBTICPBSEΛݟͨΓ͢Δͷ͕ྑ͍Ͱ͢

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5IBOLZPV