Give CSS3 Some Love / FOWD2015

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Give CSS3 Some Love

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Because CSS4 Is Coming!

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Disclaimer:

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CSS4 Isn’t A Thing

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CSS Level 4 W orking Drafts

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CSS2.1 Last Major Version

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CSS Level 4 = CSS3 = CSS

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Confusing Much?

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What Am I Going T o T alk About

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CSS3 Usage

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How We Can Improve IT

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What’s Coming Soon

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@dancork

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Holiday Extras

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What’s The Problem

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CSS3 Usage is Poor

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T op 1 Million Websites http://trends.builtwith.com/css

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Max Width 270,538

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Max Width 27%

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Min Width 209,608

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Min Width 21%

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Media Queries 48%

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Chrome Anonymous Stats https://www .chromestatus.com/metrics/css/popularity

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transform 42.5%

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box-sizing 74.5%

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T oo often the web interface ends up being the lowest common denominator Henrik Joreteg

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Engineering a UI is complex

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little control over the environment

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Does the ux NEED to be the same?

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Who uses multiple browsers?

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elephant in the room

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http://caniuse.com/usage_table.php

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IE8 1.38%

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>98% support CSS3

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CSS is unique

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Passes over unknown properties

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Less than half of web is responsive! IE is dying CSS is your friend CSS3 usage is poor

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What Can Be Done?

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Avoid vendor prefixes

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border-radius: 5px;

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-webkit-border-radius: 5px; -moz-border-radius: 5px; -ms-border-radius: 5px; -o-border-radius: 5px; border-radius: 5px;

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Will become outdated

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technical debt

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T ool up with Autoprefixer postcss/autoprefixer

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W rite pure css

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W orks with LESS and SASS

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CLI, GRUNT , GULP or WEBP ACK

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Minimises T echnical Debt

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Media queries

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Mobile first?

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Majority of mobile browsers support queries

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FOCUS ON JOBS, THEN SCREENS, BUT NEVER DEVICES https://blog.intercom.io/why-mobile-first-may-already-be-outdated/ Paul Adams

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Box Sizing

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Old box model was stupid

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Especially when building a grid

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Border Box

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Feb 1 International Box Sizing Awareness Day

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https://css- tricks.com/ international-box- sizing-awareness- day/

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OMG! It works in IE8

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html { box-sizing: border-box; } *, *:before, *:after { box-sizing: inherit; }

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T ransform

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T op/Left vs T ranslate

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Positioning T op/Left

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UI animation T ranslate

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top/left has large paint time

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3D transforms hardware accelerated

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a { transform: translate3d(0,0,0); } a { transform: scale3d(1,1,1); }

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a { transform: translateZ(0); } a { transform: scaleZ(1); }

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no jank

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not everything is accelerated

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transform:translate transform:scale transform:rotate opacity

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but you can do a lot with those!

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Scale & Mouse events

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Making Material Design https://www .youtube.com/watch?v=rrT6v5sOwJg

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No content

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No content

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High Performance Animation http://www .html5rocks.com/en/tutorials/speed/high-performance-animations/

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csstriggers. com

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Vendor prefixes are stupid Go responsive, consider default Border-box all the things T ransform for UI Animation

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The New Stuff

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Feature Queries

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@supports

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@supports (display:flex) { section { display: flex } }

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@supports (column-width: 20rem) and (column-span: all) { div { column-width: 20rem } div h2 { column-span: all } }

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Limited Support?

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JavaScript API

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CSS.supports()

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Polyfill

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Media Queries

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light-level

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dim normal washed

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@media (light-level: dim) { .app { background: black; color: white; } } @media (light-level: washed) { .app { background: white; color: black; } }

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hover

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none on-demand hover

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.element .tooltip { /* hide tooltip */ } @media (hover) { .element .inline-tooltip { /* hide inline tooltip */ } .element:hover .tooltip { /* show tooltip */ } }

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pointer

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none coarse fine

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.link { padding 1em; } @media (pointer:fine) { .link { padding: 0.25em; } }

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any-hover any-pointer

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pointer hover none hover course fine smartphones, touch screens stylus-based screens mouse, touch pad Nintendo Wii, Kinect

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custom media queries

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@custom-media --small (max-width: 520px); @media (--small) { /* styles for small viewport */ }

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PostCSS postcss/postcss-custom-media

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ranges

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@media (min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 1000px) {}

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@media (width > 600px) and (width < 1000px) {}

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@media (600px < width < 1000px) {}

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PostCSS postcss/postcss-media-minmax

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Relational :has()

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div:has(p){ background: #FF0000; }

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Change CSS based on content

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TO-DO

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.todo ul { display:none; } .todo ul:has(li) { display:block; }

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.todo ul:not(:has(li)) { display:none; }

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Ordering is important

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.todo ul:not(:has(li)) { display:none; }

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.todo ul:has(:not(li)) { display:none; }

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Browser support is limited

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It’s non existent

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We can try it

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Polyfill.js philipwalton/polyfill

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Polyfill({selectors: [“:has"]}) .doMatched(function (rules) { rules.each(function (rule) { $(rule.getSelectors()) .css(rule.getDeclaration()); }); });

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Feature queries removes reliance on JavaScript :has() is too awesome!!! New media queries, understand the environment better