Data Science: Past, Now, and Future

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Data Science Fate: Past, Now, & Future Fiqry Revadiansyah

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Trainer Bio Data Scientist Bukalapak (2018 – Present) Technical Content Reviewer Packt Publishing (2019 – Present) Email : [email protected] | Linkedin : https://www.linkedin.com/in/fiqryrevadiansyah Fiqry Revadiansyah Work Experience Teaching Experience Guest Lecturer MB1201 Business Statistics at SBM ITB (April 2020) Part-time Teacher Data Science Purwadhika (2019), and Workshop speaker: Introduction to ML for DS (June 2020) & Statistics for Business Analytics (Nov 2019)

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A condition of Past and Current of Data Science

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Advancement(s) In our daily routines

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Development Happens Through Innovation War

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War Among Companies

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War Among Companies *Brand Finance: "Global 500 report 2020” source: visual capitalist

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Innovation at War IoT Implementation on Amazon Warehouse Amazon Warehouse management Streaming data as the fuel of robotics automation on warehouse management system

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Innovation at War Text suggestions on Google Mail (Gmail) Google AI Services Data as the backbone of many AI services in Google

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Innovation at War Immersive Experience on Google Maps Google AI Services Data as the backbone of many AI services in Google

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Why and How it is happening?

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Interpreting The Speed of Change How Industrial Revolution was started Mechanization Era Steam Engine (1780 - 1870) Mass Production Era Assembly Line (1870 – 1970) Automation Era Robotics & Computer (1970 – Now)

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Interpreting The Speed of Change How Industrial Revolution was started Automation Era Robotics & Computer (1970 – Now) Smart Device Era AI and IoT (2010 – Now) Only 40 Years How?

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We are in the middle of AGE OF DISRUPTION - How Question -

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Interpreting The Speed of Change How Industrial Revolution was started Automation Era Robotics & Computer (1970 – Now) Smart Device Era AI and IoT (2010 – Now) “VUCA World” Firstly Introduced (1987)

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Interpreting The Speed of Change VUCA World, a Cause of Speed Previously OODA Observe - Orient - Decide - Act “The global socio-economic condition is so volatile, uncertain, too complex and ambiguous” Open Innovation Frugal Innovation Community Innovation Disruptive Innovation

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Interpreting The Speed of Change Disruptive Innovation, A Gear of Speed “Disruptive Innovation” -> How they enter the market Incumbent Company Entrants Company

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“Our world is an interconnected system straining under the burden of its own complexity” - World Economic Forum on Annual Report 2015 - 2018

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Interpreting The Speed of Change Disruptive Innovation, a Gear of Speed Automation Era Robotics & Computer (1970 – Now) Smart Device Era AI and IoT (2010 – Now) Disruptive Innovation VUCA World Then Why?

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Source of Change DATA ANALYTICS EVOLUTION - Why Question -

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Data Analytics Evolution Human Nature on Decision Making The Babylonian Map of the World, the Oldest Usable Map (700 - 500 BCE) The Idea of Data-Driven decision is not exactly new, it is a human nature to make decision based on data. Our ancestors shown that they made a map of the world, using a clay tablet. Even in the early 18th centuries, people decided things using a back form of data, like paper to write and store information

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Data Analytics Evolution Evolved Tools and Big Data Emergence Thanks to electricity invention, the first wave of technological advancement born in 1954 (First computer by IBM, IBM 650). Computer helps human to make a quicker decision making with abundant information. Right now, we have CPU, GPU, TPU, etc. As the computer wave arrived, the number of stored data also increased exponentially through time. Even nowadays, there is more data has been created in the past two years than in the entire previous history.

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Data Analytics Evolution Evolved Tools and Big Data Emergence ACTORS STORAGE PAST NOW

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Data Analytics Evolution Evolution of Analytical Role Domain Science A science to interpret output to be outcome Decision Science A science to determine/select input to be processed Engineering Science A science to process input to be an output Data Science A combination of three sciences, end-to-end process from deciding input to produce outcome

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Past (Cow -> Milk) Now (Robotics ->Automation) Decision Science Determine which grass will produce best milk Determine which data will produce best behavior Engineering Science Determine which cow will produce best milk Determine which tools will produce best behavior Domain Science Determine which milk will produce highest money Determine which behavior will produce best outcome Data Analytics Evolution Data Science - Analogy Past and Now

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Data Analytics Evolution Data Science – Past and Now PAST Less data variation, store data on a traditional/old way Limited tools, build in mechanics/traditional way Finite business models, lesser choice to produce outcome NOW Abundant data, store data on a proper and vast database(s) So many tool variations due to technological advancement Almost infinite business models, more choice to produce outcome Decision Science Engineering Science Domain Science Decision Science Engineering Science Domain Science

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Industrial Revolution 4.0 A Conclusion of its Causality Automation Era Robotics & Computer (1970 – Now) Smart Device Era AI and IoT (2010 – Now) Disruptive Innovation VUCA World Data, Tools, & Analytics Evolution (Data Science)

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Data Science as an Emerging Sector

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Emerging Sector Data Science and Machine Learning Trend Over Time Andrew Ng, introduced GPU to Deep Learning

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Emerging Sector Data Science Venn Diagram

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Emerging Sector Data Science Functionalities How to make a powerful business decision, by having low risk and gain immense impacts both qual and quant How to make a worthwhile business campaign, spend less money to get huge revenue How to accurately market a business product, with minimum cost use to attract potential loyal user Decision Science Business Science Marketing Science

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Data Science as an Decision Science

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Decision Science From Data Science Functionality

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Decision Science From Data Science Functionality Dashboard by Descriptive Statistics (Mean, Median, Mode, Percentile, Box-plot, etc.) Alerting by Confidence Interval

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Decision Science From Data Science Functionality Data Forecasting by Time Series Analysis (Univariate/Multivariate) and Regression Analysis (Single, Multiple, Weighted, etc.)

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Decision Science From Data Science Functionality Experimenting by Pair Test (t-Test, Chi- Square,ANOVA, etc.) In the industry, this test also known as AB Testing

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Data Science as an Business Science

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Business Science From Data Science Functionality

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Business Science From Data Science Functionality Fraud Model by Multivariate Statistics (Cluster Analysis, Multidimensional Scaling, etc.) and Network Analysis

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Business Science From Data Science Functionality Churn Prediction by Regression Analysis (Multiple, Logistic) and Supervised Machine Learning (Random Forest, XGBoost, etc.)

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Business Science From Data Science Functionality Social Media Analysis by Descriptive Statistics (Mean, Median, Mode, Percentile, Box-plot, etc.) and Supervised Machine Learning (Topic Clustering, Sentiment Analysis)

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Data Science as an Marketing Science

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Marketing Science From Data Science Functionality

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Marketing Science From Data Science Functionality Segmentation by Multivariate Statistics (Cluster Analysis, Multidimensional Scaling, etc.). Such as LRFM models (Length, Recency, Frequency, and Monetary)

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Marketing Science From Data Science Functionality Recommendation Cluster by Matrix Factorization (Content-Based Filtering, Collaborative Filtering) and Multivariate Statistics (kNN segmentation, Multidimensional Scaling, etc.)

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Marketing Science From Data Science Functionality Research is conducted by Descriptive Statistics (Proportion) and Inferential Statistics (t-Test, Chi-Square Test, ANOVA, etc)

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Emerging Sector Data Science as Warfare Tools Smart Device Era AI and IoT (2010 – Now) Data Science Artificial Intelligence Internet of Things Machine Learning Deep Learning etc Data Warfare Among companies (2010 – Now)

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What is Next? Future of Data Science

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AI, Threats or Opportunities? A perspective of how AI will change the world

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AI, sometimes cannot be controlled Boat game AI – DeepMind Google Objective: Reach the Highest Score to Win the Game