Reliable data storage, access, and transferring technologies Tuukka Ahoniemi CEO, Tuxera 1

About Tuxera 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. 2

2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. We are protectors of data integrity, accessibility, and longevity. 3

Lost data is no longer about losing your photos. Entire systems may fail critically without access to data. 4 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved.

• data accessibility problems • loss of user data • data loss that risks mission-critical operations • loss of system functionality due to data or volume corruption • performance bottlenecks • early flash burnout • excessive energy and cost consumption due to inefficient data handling operations We aim to end issues such as 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. 5

6 Performance Endurance Reliability 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. Our top brand value propositions Connectivity • Fail-safety • Data integrity • System integrity • Security • “Availability” • Max throughput possible • Fast mount time • Low CPU use • Low memory footprint • “Scalability” • Low wear • Efficient write-erase • Low fragmentation • Interoperability • Standards and protocols Responsive support • From evaluation to implementation • Support in 15+ languages • Offices spanning all time zones Technical expertise • 30+ years of experience • Extensive patent portfolio • Largest team of experts • Saves time and hassle

7 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. We solve data challenges over a broad range of industries Aerospace Avionics & defense Automotive Consumer electronics Energy Industrial and IIoT Medical & wellbeing Telecomms HPC AI/ML Cloud/ PaaS Media & entertainment Data security & backup

We’re active members in key industry associations 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. 8 Shaping international standards

2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. 9 Brands we work with

Tuxera’s business 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. 10

2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. 17 top technology companies served 25+ years of open-source contributions 30+ awards 59% CAGR since 2009 130 employees 300+ projects per year 300+ million product lines powered by Tuxera Close partnership with Microsoft since 2009 Membership in JEDEC and SD Association (BoD) 11 Leading data management company

2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. We’re a global company with global recognition Seattle, USA Munich, Germany HQ, Helsinki, Finland Beijing, China Seoul, Korea Tokyo, Japan Taipei, Taiwan Shenzhen, China Silicon Valley, USA Berlin, Germany Major Tuxera offices Local Tuxera presence Additional partner distributors in BeNeLux, UK, China, Japan Budapest, Hungary 12 5th Fast500 Software EMEA Storage 100

FY 2022 Highlights 55 % 26 % 19 % Revenue split APAC North America Europe 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. 13

FY 2022 Highlights 49 % 22 % 14 % 10 % 3% 2 % Customers by market vertical Automotive Consumer Network/Telco Other Military/Aerospace Smartgrid 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. 14

15 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. 10.3 12.3 17.5 18.8 25.1 3.3 2.8 5.5 4.9 5.9 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 18 20 22 Net sales EBITDA Tuxera financial results 2018-2022 2019 M&A 2021 (units in EUR) M&A

2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. Core business divided between 2 domains 16 Embedded • Standards-based file systems • Specialized file systems • Flash management • Networking stacks • Flash testing service Environments from bare metal to RTOSes to Linux-based OS Enterprise • SMB implementation • NTFS implementation Data center, cloud, HPC, enterprise file access/transfer

17 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. Tuxera’s Embedded storage management and connectivity portfolio

2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. Embedded products and services overview High-performance, reliable file systems Reliance family Reliance Edge Reliance EdgeNAND Reliance Nitro Reliance Velocity Reliance Assure Reliance Sense Removable storage connectivity GravityCS by Tuxera interoperable file systems Microsoft exFAT by Tuxera Microsoft FAT by Tuxera Microsoft NTFS by Tuxera Tuxera HFS+ Tuxera APFS Storage enablement software FlashFX family flash controllers (FTLs) USB device and host stacks 18 Embedded networking software Tuxera TCP/IP Stack Tuxera SafeTCPIP Embedded development Flash memory testing services Embedded storage and connectivity engineering services

19 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. Market opportunities and requirements for data on embedded systems Automotive Medical Telecomms Aerospace & defense Industrial • Fault-tolerance • Lifetime • Performance • Security • QoS • Functional safety certification • Energy Accessing, storing, & managing data Consumer electronics Energy

20 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. File systems and flash management FY27-28 FY25-26 FY23-24 Horizon 2 • Health monitoring & predictive maintenance Horizon 3 • Distributed FS Horizon 1 • Snapshots • Deduplication • Smart data flushing • Encryption as part of FTL These slides are shared for INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY, and not as a binding commitment. Forward-looking roadmap items and forecasted dates are subject to change. Ultimately, the development, release, and timing of any products and/or features remains at the sole discretion of Tuxera.

21 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. Networking and security FY25-26 FY23-24 Horizon 2 • TCP/IP stack hardening and countermeasures for attack scenarios (e.g. DoS) Horizon 1 • FIPS 140-3 certification • Automotive: SOMEIP, DLT, DoIP • DTLS 1.3 • IPSec VPN These slides are shared for INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY, and not as a binding commitment. Forward-looking roadmap items and forecasted dates are subject to change. Ultimately, the development, release, and timing of any products and/or features remains at the sole discretion of Tuxera.

Key embedded customer success stories 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. 22

2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. Region APAC Use case Built-in DVR storage Numbers in brief 350,000 cars/year How Tuxera helped • Guaranteed operation without reliability issues during the lifetime of car (10+ years) • Strong reference and peace of mind as Tuxera software already ships in many car OEMs Tuxera solution NTFS, exFAT, Reliance Velocity Press release online: Yura Corporation selects Reliance Velocity for robust data handling in its next-generation built-in automotive DVR system 23 Automotive industry

24 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. Energy industry Region USA / Europe Use case Smart meter data The challenge Data is used for operational purposes and should be preserved for at least 15 years. Data must be relied upon in case of power outages, and maintenance costs and risks must be minimized. How Tuxera helped Unmatched set of features for longevity, reliability, and ease of use • Minimal number of operations to preserve the flash • Predictable data integrity and fail-safe data storage: the system will always recover • Easy to use API for easy manipulation of the database records • Simulation tool for storage behavior modeling and debugging Tuxera solution Reliance Sense Leading energy management device manufacturer

25 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. Satellites, aerospace industry Region USA Use case Video data capture The challenge A 32-bit SPARC processor controls an array of 128 GB raw NAND-flash memory that streams real-time video. To maximize lifetime, data should be stored evenly across all memory cells. The software also must not steal CPU cycles from the system. How Tuxera helped Tuxera’s software fit seamlessly into VxWorks OS used by the customer. It also supported the requirements for low power use, flash lifetime optimization, and file system integrity under all circumstances, even during power failure. The software was also configurable to the needs of the COL-SSD’s very special hardware architecture. Tuxera solutions Reliance Nitro, FlashFX Tera Columbus Solid State Disk Video Recorder (COL-SSD) Read online: Success story – Tuxera & Airbus stream video from International Space Station

26 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. Key takeaways from our embedded strategy 1Shift from just a file systems vendor to the whole embedded data solutions provider 2Tuxera’s core value comes from paramount product & service quality 3Our broad product portfolio allows us to focus on developing and optimizing next- gen data storage & connectivity solutions

27 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. Tuxera’s Enterprise storage management portfolio

2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. Enterprise data access and file storage software 28 SMB server implementation Network-optimized file system Access, store, and transfer unstructured or file-based data

2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. Markets and applications we serve Backup & recovery Cyber security 29 Cloud platforms (PaaS) HPC applications Media & entertainment Software-defined storage (SDS)

Hyperscalers Hybrid/software-defined storage solutions suppliers Hardware storage solutions vendors (datacenters) Cloud backup and security platforms Consumers, IT Professionals, Developers, Hobbyists Tuxera’s enterprise solutions market potential 30 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. Tuxera’s “sweet zone”

2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. Key advantages of NTFS Enterprise Edition High-performance file system implementation for enterprise cloud services or on-premises data centers. • Enables backup, recovery, and verification capability for Windows to Linux machines • Easy file system snapshot creation to an image • Seamless ability to recover backups • Rapid file-to-file comparison when mounting to Linux systems • Fast mounting, low CPU use • Lowers cloud consumption costs 31 Find out more about NTFS: https://www.tuxera.com/products/ntfs-enterprise-file-system/

Success stories – NTFS Enterprise 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. 32 Country Israel Market Cloud Security Use case High-performance NTFS solution supporting Orca Security’s SideScanning™ technology, an innovative cloud security solution. The challenge Orca Security platform used an alternative NTFS file system implementation to read, mount, and create disk snapshots from NTFS volumes. The original solution lacked needed performance, scalability, and reliability. How Tuxera helped • Achieved up to three times faster performance • Enabled “a competitive edge in the market” for Orca Security • Faster performance => lower cloud usage (= lower cost and energy) Tuxera solution NTFS Enterprise Edition

2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. Key advantages of Fusion File Share Our high-performance, highly-scalable, drop- in replacement for Samba. • Highly threaded architecture • High-performance – up to 60x faster than SAMBA • 100-500% better scalability than SAMBA • Fault tolerant with Transparent failover and Continuous Availability • Extensive SMB-protocol support – 3.1.1 • Scale-out (active-active) • RDMA (SMB-Direct), Multichannel, and Compression • Low CPU and memory usage • Low latency 33 Find out more about Fusion: https://www.tuxera.com/products/fusion-file-share-smb-enterprise/

How Fusion File Share fits into the picture 34 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved.

35 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. Key enterprise application stories and customer successes

36 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. Example Use Case: HPC Laboratory Shared folder access //SMBServer/SMBShare Shared folder access //SMBServer/SMBShare Tuxera Fusion File Share server Tuxera Fusion File Share server Data center Active-active Storage AI/ML machine Windows and Mac desktops Shared folder access //SMBServer/SMBShare High-speed network High-speed network High-speed network Shared folder access //SMBServer/SMBShare Laboratory super resolution microscope image analysis with ML/AI

Fusion File Share contributes over 85% of the speed performance for high- performance parallel file systems 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. Single client performance Single client write performance Single client read performance Fusion File Share Parallel file system Fusion File Share Parallel file system 7.2 GB/s 8.4 GB/s 11.6 GB/s 12.0 GB/s Test setup: • Fusion File Share server: Active-passive, fault tolerant configuration used as the SMB gateway, running on a storage node. • Parallel file system storage: 6 nodes of Supermicro architecture: • Intel Xeon Gold 6226R, 192GB DDR4-2933 ECC REG SDRAM, Micron 9300 MAX 3.2TB NVMe PCIe 3.0 3D TLC U.2, Mellanox AOC-MCX555A-ECAT CX-5 VPI EDR IB adapter & 100GbE,1p, QSFP28, PCIe3x16 • Windows client: single port 100GbE network card with 2 x Xeon 4214 and 768 GB RAM • Network is running 100GbE end-to-end, through a Mellanox 100GbE switch. 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Read Write GB/s FIO test script with direct IO Open source alternative Fusion File Share Parallel File System Actual performance may vary based on the hardware, software, and testing protocols used. 37

• As an image sequence, each video frame is a separate file • At 8K resolution, each file ≈ 190 MB • To sustain 24 fps playback requires 4.5 GB/s transfer rate 38 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. Example Use Case: Media & Entertainment Video post production Mounting the exact same storage using RDMA makes the difference! Fusion File Share supports RDMA, making 8K video at 24 fps possible.

Frametest parameters: 4K // 2000 frames Fusion Open source alternative 0 50 100 150 200 1 4 8 Frame transfer (msec) Number of threads 0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 1 4 8 Throughput (GB/s) Number of threads 0 50 100 150 200 1 4 8 FPS Number of threads Lower values are better. Higher values are better. Higher values are better. Up to 2.7x multi-threaded performance advantage over open source M&E workload performance comparison Fusion File Share versus open source alternative using Frametest 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. Actual performance may vary based on the hardware, software, and testing protocols used. 39

Customer success stories – software-defined storage 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. Use case High-performance SMB implementation for scale out environments with WekaFS™ The challenge The existing in-house SMB-based solution couldn't meet the increasing demands in performance, scalability, and reliability. 40 Use case High-performance SMB solution for scale up solutions with StorONE The challenge The old, open source Samba-based solution had issues which did not satisfy their performance, resilience, reliability, and security needs. SOLUTION: Fusion File Share by Tuxera Enterprise Edition RESULTS: Significant improvements in aggregated throughput, concurrent SMB connections, workload management, and reliability

41 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. Key takeaways from our enterprise strategy 1Main enterprise product is Fusion File Share by Tuxera. Unmatched enterprise- grade SMB server. 2Continuous development & improvement of Fusion, together with our key customers/use cases. 3Our file systems & connectivity solutions can be used in enterprise use cases too. 4Fusion File Share also adopts into embedded use cases with our file systems and SMB client offering.

42 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. Tuxera Group strategy moving forward Future systems will need both parts optimized together. Tuxera is there with complete solutions. Expanding into new embedded and cloud applications We see multiple growth pillars for Tuxera. We continue to seek growth & partnership opportunities globally

TRANSFER ACCESS STORE Wider access-layer support R&D development New distribution channels & bundles Harmonized enterprise SMB feature development w/ Microsoft SMB roadmap Optimizing for industry use cases: M&E, HPC, AI/ML High-quality, rapid connectivity solutions Relliable, next-gen flash- optimizing software 43 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. Moving forward – the convergence of data platforms Enterprise Embedded Convergence of data platforms STORE TRANSFER ACCESS EXPANDING DATA ACCESS TO NEW INDUSTRIES

2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. It’s not about edge storage vs the cloud. The future depends on holistic, hybrid data management solutions. Questions & answers [email protected]

Extra materials 45 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved.

46 RELIABLE STORAGE MANAGEMENT AND NETWORKING SOFTWARE FOR EMBEDDED SYSTEMS Tuxera’s embedded portfolio in brief

47 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. We have 30+ years of experience developing quality-assured storage management and networking software including high-performance, reliable file systems, flash management, and networking stacks. Our software meets the strictest reliability, endurance, performance, and security requirements for today’s embedded systems. Tuxera’s solutions are precision-engineered to capture, manage, transfer, and preserve the data generated by connected devices and sensors. Depend on data? Count on our data expertise.

48 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. We solve data challenges over a broad range of industries

49 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. ABOUT TUXERA • 30+ years experience in storage and networking development • 17 top technology companies served • 300+ projects per year • Customer support offices across the globe and covering multiple languages • 30+ storage and data management patents • Technical partnerships with leading chipset, flash memory, and operating system vendors • SD Association executive board member • ISO 9001 certified

50 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. KEY ADVANTAGES OF WORKING WITH TUXERA • Reliable, power-fail safe software: protects data and system integrity • Get the most out of limited flash lifetime • Sustained high storage and network performance • Broad range of storage and networking software to fit your use case • Product- and platform-specific optimizations and features • Responsive customer support and technical expertise • Improve user experience and satisfaction

51 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. From microcontroller-based devices with real-time operating systems to Linux-based systems, we have storage and networking solutions for your data needs. OUR SOLUTIONS COVER EVERY EMBEDDED ENVIRONMENT VxWorks Integrity FreeRTOS // Other RTOSes// Bare metal

52 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. EMBEDDED DATA MANAGEMENT AND NETWORKING SOFTWARE RELIABLE, HIGH-PERFORMANCE FILE SYSTEMS Gravity Connectivity Suite Standards-based, interoperable file systems Microsoft exFATby Tuxera Microsoft F A Tby Tuxera Microsoft NTFSby Tuxera Tuxera HFS+ TuxeraAPFS

53 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. EMBEDDED DATA MANAGEMENT AND NETWORKING SOFTWARE RELIABLE, HIGH- PERFORMANCE FILE SYSTEMS Tuxera Reliance family Power fail-safe file systems purpose-built for specialized data applications. High-performance, flash-friendly file system NA ND Flash file system for SPI NAND Tree-based file system for environments with large media Flash file system for storing structured data in NOR flash memory Small and portable file system for resource-constrained systems Certifiable file system with full traceability

54 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. Tuxera TCP/IP Stack High-quality, portable, and secure implementations for resource-constrained environments of standard network components: IPv4/6, MQTT , IPSec, MACSec, HTTP(S), FTP , TLS, UDP , PPPoE and other protocols. Tuxera SafeTCPIP Certifiable TCP/IP stack for integration to safety-critical projects Fusion File Share by Tuxera High-performance SMB protocol for file sharing and access over a network EMBEDDED DATA MANAGEMENT AND NETWORKING SOFTWARE Tuxera CryptoCoreTM Protect data stored on any flash device or across a network with our advanced crypto and hash algorithms. Support for cryptographic hardware acceleration speeds up cryptographic operations. EMBEDDED NETWORKING AND CONNECTIVITY SOFTWARE ENCRYPTION TECHNOLOGY

55 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. SERVICES FOR THE COMPLETE EMBEDDED DEVELOPMENT LIFECYCLE Engineering services Tuxeraʼs engineering team has decades of experience working with customers in the most demanding embedded environments, across all industries. We will help you turn data into a competitive advantage. We can work together with you to address the most challenging use cases, from boot scenarios (bootloaders, boot optimization) to secure erase of embedded device data – Tuxeraʼs mission is to help you store and do more with your data. Flash memory testing services Count on our expertise when selecting your storage stack. Our flash memory testing services provide insights beyond common flash memory performance and endurance. We can help you understand and prevent potential field failures in your storage stack, identify areas where you can save on BOM costs, and improve your end-user satisfaction and experience.

Let’s find the right embedded solution to meet your needs. [email protected] www.tuxera.com/products 2008–2023 © Tuxera Inc. All Rights Reserved. 56