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放射性標幟 鎝 組員: 10553003梁霈誠 10553013蔡承祐 10553033周秉澔 10553037盧宗詠 10553054林峻楷

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內容一覽 ⚫ 物理性質 ⚫ 產生方式 ⚫ 醫療用途

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物理性質

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物理性質 ➢銀灰色放射性金屬 ➢粉狀時呈灰色 ➢晶型為六方最密堆積 ➢具有順磁性

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常見用途 放射性追踪劑 核醫學 緩蝕劑 超導體

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9xTc isotope Half-life Reaction channel 93Tc 93mTc 2.75 h 43.5 m 93Mo(p,n) 94Mo(p,2n) 95Mo(p,3n) 94Tc 94mTc 293 m 52.0 m 94Mo(p,n) 95Mo(p,2n) 96Mo(p,3n) 97Mo(p,4n) 95Tc 95mTc 20.0 h 61 d 95Mo(p,n) 96Mo(p,2n) 97Mo(p,3n) 98Mo(p,4n) 100Mo(p,6n) 96Tc 96mTc 4.28 d 51.5 m 96Mo(p,n) 97Mo(p,2n) 98Mo(p,3n) 100Mo(p,5n) 97Tc 97mTc 4.2x10^6y 91 d 97Mo(p,n) 98Mo(p,2n) 100Mo(p,4n) 98Tc 4.2x10^6 y 100Mo(p,3n) 99Tc 99mTc 2.1x10^5y 6.01 h 100Mo(p,2n) 100Tc 15.46 s 100Mo(p,n)

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產生方式

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• 99是由99經由負電子產生 • 99由核子反應爐的分裂副產物或中子照射98 • 99可經由精煉或化學方式產生陰離子(4 2−) • 4 2−會附著在2 3 的管柱裡保持酸性 • Mo衰變後會產生產物為TcO 4 -1(過鎝酸鹽) 98(, )99 P288 L1

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課本p289 圖9.4

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•99Mo衰變後會產生產物為過鎝酸鹽(TcO 4 -1) •因為TcO 4 -1(過鎝酸鹽)為單電荷,對氧化鋁(Al 2 O 3 )管 柱的鍵結力並不如鉬酸鹽陰離子(MoO 4 2-)那麼強, 所以我們可以容易的用0.9%NaCl的生理食鹽水將 含有99mTc的過鎝酸鹽(TcO 4 -1)流洗出來而不會將鉬 酸鹽陰離子(MoO 4 2-)移出 P.288 L.6 P.289 L.1

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在99Mo- 99mTc產生器的母核-子核的平衡 • 99Mo衰變產率只 有99mTc的86% • 實際上,從管柱流 洗出來的只有 80%的 99mTc形式 P.290 圖9.5

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rcTBlq-53wI

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醫療用途

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1545NTD/GBQ >4000萬個診斷程序/每年 約85％的診斷成像程序使用此放射性示蹤劑 用於 大腦，心肌，甲狀腺，肺，肝臟，膽囊，腎 臟，骨骼，血液和腫瘤 的成像和功能

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化學性質 ➢鎝處在第五周期和第七族 ➢容易形成共價鍵 ➢不易生成陽離子 ➢能溶於王水、硝酸和濃硫酸， 但不溶於鹽酸

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課本p.288 表9.2

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Name Investigation Route of administration In-vitro / in-vivo Imaging / non-imaging Tc99m-pertechnetate Thyroid uptake and thyroid imaging Stomach and salivary gland imaging Meckel's diverticulum imaging Brain imaging Micturating cystogram First pass blood flow imaging First pass peripheral vascular imaging IV In-vivo Imaging Tc99m-pertechnetate Lacrimal imaging Eye drops In-vivo Imaging Tc99m-Human albumin Cardiac blood pool imaging IV In-vivo Imaging Tc99m-Human albumin Peripheral vascular imaging IV In-vivo Imaging Tc99m-Human albumin macroaggregates or microspheres Lung perfusion imaging IV In-vivo Imaging Tc99m-Human albumin macroaggregates or microspheres Lung perfusion imaging with venography IV In-vivo Imaging Tc99m-Phosphonates and phosphates (MDP/HDP) Bone imaging IV In-vivo Imaging Tc99m-Phosphonates and phosphates Myocardial imaging IV In-vivo Imaging Tc99m-DTPA (diethylenetriaminepenta-acetic acid) Renal imaging First pass blood flow studies Brain imaging IV In-vivo Imaging Tc99m-DTPA (diethylenetriaminepenta-acetic acid) Lung ventilation imaging Aerosol inhalation In-vivo Imaging Tc99m-DMSA(V) (dimercaptosuccinic acid) Tumor imaging IV In-vivo Imaging Tc99m-DMSA(III) (dimercaptosuccinic acid) Renal imaging IV In-vivo Imaging Tc99m-Colloid Bone marrow imaging GI Bleeding IV In-vivo Imaging Tc99m-Colloid Lymph node imaging Interstitial In-vivo Imaging Tc99m-Colloid Esophageal transit and reflux imaging Gastric emptying imaging Oral In-vivo Imaging Tc99m-Colloid Lacrimal imaging Eye drops In-vivo Imaging Tc99m-HIDA (Hepatic iminodiacetic acid) Functional biliary system imaging IV In-vivo Imaging Tc99m-Denatured (heat damaged) red blood cells Red cell volume Spleen imaging IV In-vitro Non-imaging Tc99m-Whole red blood cells GI bleeding Cardiac blood pool imaging Peripheral vascular imaging IV In-vivo Imaging Tc99m-MAG3 (mercaptoacetyltriglycine) Renal imaging First pass blood flow imaging IV In-vivo Imaging Tc99m-Exametazime (HMPAO) Cerebral blood flow imaging IV In-vivo Imaging Tc99m-Exametazime labelled leucocytes Infection/inflammation imaging IV In-vivo Imaging Tc99m-Sestamibi (MIBI - methoxy isobutyl isonitrile) Parathyroid imaging Non-specific tumor imaging Thyroid tumor imaging Breast imaging Myocardial imaging IV In-vivo Imaging Tc99m-Sulesomab (IMMU-MN3 murine Fab'-SH antigranulocyte monoclonal antibody fragments) Infection/inflammation imaging IV In-vivo Imaging Tc99m-Technegas Lung ventilation imaging Inhalation In-vivo Imaging Tc99m-Human immunoglobulin Infection/inflammation imaging IV In-vivo Imaging Tc99m-Tetrofosmin Parathyroid imaging Myocardial imaging IV In-vivo Imaging Tc99m-ECD (ethyl cysteinate dimer) Brain imaging----- IV In-vivo Imaging

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課本p.288 表9.2

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甲狀腺吸收 胃和唾液腺成像 腦成像 膀胱追蹤造影 血流成像

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作用機制: 使放射性膠體被肝臟，脾臟和骨髓的網狀內皮系統吞噬 評估脾梗塞或脾破裂 評估血液疾病的造血功能 如白血病，紅細胞增多症，貧血和骨髓纖維化 r.f: https://www.drugs.com/mmx/technetium-tc-99m-albumin-colloid.html

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Organ Estimated absorbed radiation dose* With normal hepatic function With parenchymal liver disease (intermediate/advanced) mGy/ MBq rad/ mCi mGy/ MBq rad/ mCi Spleen 0.077 0.29 0.14 0.52 Liver 0.074 0.27 0.042 0.16 Pancreas 0.012 0.044 0.018 0.066 Red marrow 0.011 0.041 0.023 0.085 Adrenals 0.01 0.037 0.0098 0.036 Kidneys 0.0097 0.036 0.011 0.041 Bone surfaces 0.0064 0.024 0.012 0.044 Stomach wall 0.0062 0.023 0.0098 0.036 Large intestine wall (upper) 0.0056 0.021 0.0049 0.018 Lungs 0.0055 0.20 0.0048 0.018 Small intestine 0.0043 0.016 0.0046 0.017 Breast 0.0027 0.01 0.0024 0.0089 Ovaries 0.0022 0.0081 0.0033 0.012 Uterus 0.0019 0.0070 0.0028 0.01 Large intestine wall (lower) 0.0018 0.0067 0.0031 0.011 Bladder wall 0.0011 0.0041 0.0016 0.0059 Thyroid 0.00079 0.0029 0.0011 0.0041 Testes 0.00062 0.0023 0.00095 0.0035 Other tissue 0.0028 0.01 0.0031 0.011

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用於骨轉移性疾病

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成人靜脈注射腦成像 腎臟可視化 腎灌注評估以靜脈注射評估患者的腎小球濾過率。 肺通氣成像和肺部評估 栓塞時將其霧化給予患者吸入灌注成像。

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主要用於心臟閃爍掃描或斷層掃描， 以評估性心肌壞死的程度。

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T

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Reference: Properties, Uses, Radiochemical PUrity andCalibration of Tc99m E. M. Smith, Sc.D.1 Recent Achievements in Tc-99m Radiopharmaceutical Direct Production by Medical Cyclotrons ISSN: 0363-9045 Alessandra Boschi, Petra Martini, Micol Pasquali & Licia Uccelli Quality assurance of Mo-99/Tc-99m radionuclide generators Nikolay Uzunov1,5, Galina Yordanova1 , Seniha Salim1 , Natalya Stancheva2 , Vanya Mineva2 , Laura Meléndez-Alafort3 , Antonio Rosato4,5 95gTc and 96gTc as alternatives to medical radioisotope 99mTc Takehito Hayakawa a, *, Yuichi Hatsukawa a , Toru Tanimori b http://www.wikiwand.com/zh-mo/%E9%94%9D http://www.wikiwand.com/zh- mo/%E6%A0%B8%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E6%94%BE%E5%B0%84%E6%80 %A7%E8%8D%AF%E7%89%A9%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8#/%E9%94%9D-99m https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rcTBlq-53wI

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