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History
of
JavaScript
Radoslav Stankov 15/09/2018
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Radoslav Stankov
@rstankov
blog.rstankov.com
github.com/rstankov
twitter.com/rstankov
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1993 Mosaic
1995 Internet Explorer
1994 Netscape
JavaScript
1996 JScript
CSS
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URL Fetch Cache Parse Tree Paint
Flow
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1993 Mosaic
1995 Internet Explorer
1994 Netscape
JavaScript
1996 JScript
CSS
DOM
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1993 Mosaic
1995 Internet Explorer
1994 Netscape
JavaScript
1996 JScript
1997 ECMA Script
CSS
DOM
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1993 Mosaic
1995 Internet Explorer
1994 Netscape
JavaScript
1996 JScript
1997 ECMA Script
1998 Netscape starts Mozilla project
CSS
DOM
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Brendan Eich
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brendan_Eich
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"...Eich wrote one in 10 days,
in May 1995..."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaScript
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Scheme Self
+
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Scheme Self LiveScript
+
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Scheme Self LiveScript
+
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Scheme Self LiveScript
+ Java
+
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Scheme Self LiveScript
+ Java
+ JavaScript
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Paint
Flow
Event
Script
(event loop)
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var answer = [] + []
// -> ''
var answer = [] + {}
// -> '[object Object]'
var answer = {} + []
// -> '[object Object]'
var answer = typeof + []
// -> 'number'
var answer = [] + true
// -> 'true'
var answer = [] - true
// -> -1
var answer = true + false
// -> 1
var answer = true / false
// -> Infinity
var answer = false / false
// -> NaN
var answer = [] + [] % true
// -> '0'
var answer = Array(3) == ',,'
// -> true
var answer = NaN = NaN === NaN == NaN
// -> false
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var answer = [] + []
// -> ''
var answer = [] + {}
// -> '[object Object]'
var answer = {} + []
// -> '[object Object]'
var answer = typeof + []
// -> 'number'
var answer = [] + true
// -> 'true'
var answer = [] - true
// -> -1
var answer = true + false
// -> 1
var answer = true / false
// -> Infinity
var answer = false / false
// -> NaN
var answer = [] + [] % true
// -> '0'
var answer = Array(3) == ',,'
// -> true
var answer = NaN = NaN === NaN == NaN
// -> false
!
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var answer = ([][[]]+[])[+!+[]]+(!![]+[][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[]
[[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+[]]+(!![]+[])
[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+!+[]]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(!![]+[][(![]+
[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+
[])[+[]]+(!![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+!+[]]])[+!+[]+[+
[]]]+(!![]+[])[+[]];
// -> 'noot'
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var answer = ([][[]]+[])[+!+[]]+(!![]+[][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[]
[[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+[]]+(!![]+[])
[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+!+[]]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(!![]+[][(![]+
[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+
[])[+[]]+(!![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+!+[]]])[+!+[]+[+
[]]]+(!![]+[])[+[]];
// -> 'noot'
"
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1993 Mosaic
1995 Internet Explorer
1994 Netscape
JavaScript
1996 JScript
1997 ECMA Script
1998 Netscape starts Mozilla project
Netscape is acquired by AOL
CSS
DOM
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"[Microsoft] did not want to deal with Sun Microsystems about the
trademark issue, and so they called their implementation JScript. A
lot of people think that JScript and JavaScript are different but
similar languages. That's not the case. They are just different
names for the same language, and the reason the names are
different was to get around trademark issues."
- Douglas Crockford
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JScript
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1993 Mosaic
1995 Internet Explorer
1994 Netscape
JavaScript
1996 JScript
1997 ECMA Script
1998 Netscape starts Mozilla project
Netscape is acquired by AOL
United States v. Microsoft Corp.
CSS
DOM
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body { background-color: red; }
h1 { color: green; }
p { color: blue; }
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body { background-color: red; }
h1 { color: green; }
p { color: blue; }
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CSS
background-color
border-radius
font-size
z-index
JavaScript
backgroundColor
borderRadius
fontSize
zIndex
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CSS
background-color
border-radius
font-size
z-index
JavaScript
backgroundColor
borderRadius
fontSize
zIndex
!
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CSS
background-color
border-radius
font-size
z-index
float
JavaScript
backgroundColor
borderRadius
fontSize
zIndex
cssFloat
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CSS
background-color
border-radius
font-size
z-index
float
JavaScript
backgroundColor
borderRadius
fontSize
zIndex
cssFloat
"
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1995 Internet Explorer
1994 Netscape
JavaScript
1996 JScript
1997 ECMA Script
1998 Netscape starts Mozilla project
Netscape is acquired by AOL
1999 ECMA Script 3
United States v. Microsoft Corp.
CSS
DOM
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Page title
Content
- Item 1
- Item 2
- Item 3
- Item 4
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Page title
Content
- Item 1
- Item 2
- Item 3
- Item 4
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element["on" + type] = handler;
element.attachEvent("on" + type, handler);
element.addEventListenter(type, handler, false);
Netscape
IE
W3C
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element.style[name]
element.currentStyle[name]
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element.style[name]
element.currentStyle[name]
document.defaultView().getComputedStyle(element, "").getPropertyValue(name)
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element.style[name]
element.currentStyle[name]
document.defaultView().getComputedStyle(element, "").getPropertyValue(name)
"
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1995 Internet Explorer
JavaScript
1996 JScript
1997 ECMA Script
1998 Netscape starts Mozilla project
Netscape is acquired by AOL
1999 ECMA Script 3
United States v. Microsoft Corp.
2001 Internet Explorer 6
CSS
DOM
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Scheme Self LiveScript
+ Java
+ JavaScript
ECMAScript
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecma_International
"Ecma (European Computer Manufacturers Association)
is
a standards organization for
information and communication systems."
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"Microsoft and Netscape were engaged in a crazy game of leapfrog.
Mistakes were made.
W3C attempted to moderate"
- Douglas Crockford
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Microsoft Netscape
W3C
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2002 Firefox
JavaScript
1996 JScript
1997 ECMA Script
1998 Netscape starts Mozilla project
Netscape is acquired by AOL
1999 ECMA Script 3
United States v. Microsoft Corp.
2001 Internet Explorer 6
CSS
DOM
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2002 Firefox
JSON.org
JScript
1997 ECMA Script
1998 Netscape starts Mozilla project
Netscape is acquired by AOL
1999 ECMA Script 3
United States v. Microsoft Corp.
2001 Internet Explorer 6
CSS
DOM
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2002 Firefox
JSON.org
JSLint
1997 ECMA Script
1998 Netscape starts Mozilla project
Netscape is acquired by AOL
1999 ECMA Script 3
United States v. Microsoft Corp.
2001 Internet Explorer 6
CSS
DOM
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2002 Firefox
JSON.org
JSLint
2003 Safari / WebKit
1997 ECMA Script
1998 Netscape starts Mozilla project
Netscape is acquired by AOL
1999 ECMA Script 3
United States v. Microsoft Corp.
2001 Internet Explorer 6
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# RegExp String.prototype.match and friends
$ More String.prototype.methods
% try/catch
& tighter definition of errors' [item]
( cleanups
ECMAScript 3
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2002 Firefox
JSON.org
JSLint
2003 Safari / WebKit
2004 GMail
ECMA Script
1998 Netscape starts Mozilla project
Netscape is acquired by AOL
1999 ECMA Script 3
United States v. Microsoft Corp.
2001 Internet Explorer 6
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2002 Firefox
JSON.org
JSLint
2003 Safari / WebKit
2004 GMail
2005 AJAX
Netscape is acquired by AOL
1999 ECMA Script 3
United States v. Microsoft Corp.
2001 Internet Explorer 6
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2002 Firefox
JSON.org
JSLint
2003 Safari / WebKit
2004 GMail
2005 AJAX
Prototype.js
1999 ECMA Script 3
United States v. Microsoft Corp.
2001 Internet Explorer 6
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Douglas Crockford
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglas_Crockford
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{
"data": {
"post": {
"id": 1,
"title": "title",
"tagline": "tagline",
"votesCount": 0,
"commentsCount": 0,
"thumbnailUrl": "assets.producthunt.com/uuid",
"hunter": {
"id": 1,
"avatarUrl": "assets.producthunt.com/uuid"
}
}
}
}
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2002 Firefox
JSON.org
JSLint
2003 Safari / WebKit
2004 GMail
2005 AJAX
Prototype.js
2006 Firebug
1999 ECMA Script 3
2001 Internet Explorer 6
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2002 Firefox
JSON.org
JSLint
2003 Safari / WebKit
2004 GMail
2005 AJAX
Prototype.js
2006 Firebug
YUI Theater with Crockford
2001 Internet Explorer 6
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2002 Firefox
JSON.org
JSLint
2003 Safari / WebKit
2004 GMail
2005 AJAX
Prototype.js
2006 Firebug
YUI Theater with Crockford
jQuery
Internet Explorer 6
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No content
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2008 ECMA Script 4 canceled
2002 Firefox
JSON.org
JSLint
2003 Safari / WebKit
2004 GMail
2005 AJAX
Prototype.js
2006 Firebug
YUI Theater with Crockford
jQuery
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function createRequest() {
try {
return new XMLHttpRequest();
} catch (e) {
try {
return new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP");
} catch (e) {
try {
return new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
} catch (e) {
return null;
}
}
}
}
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function getRequest(url, callback) {
var request = createRequest();
request.onreadystatechange = function() {
if (request.readyState === 5 && request.status === 200) {
callback(request.responseText);
}
};
request.open('GET', url, true);
request.send(null);
}
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function postRequest(url, params, callback) {
var request = createRequest();
request.onreadystatechange = function() {
if (request.readyState === 5 && request.status === 200) {
callback(request.responseText);
}
};
request.open('POST', url, true);
request.setRequestHeader('X-AJAX-Application', 'true');
request.setRequestHeader('Method', 'POST '+uri+' HTTP/1.1');
request.setRequestHeader('Content-type', 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded');
if (request.overrideMimeType) request.setRequestHeader('Connection', 'close');
request.send(params);
}
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JavaScript The Good Parts
2008 ECMA Script 4 canceled
JSON.org
JSLint
2003 Safari / WebKit
2004 GMail
2005 AJAX
Prototype.js
2006 Firebug
YUI Theater with Crockford
jQuery
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var Person = Class.create();
Person.prototype = {
initialize: function(name) {
this.name = name;
},
say: function(message) {
return this.name + ': ' + message;
}
};
var guy = new Person('Miro');
guy.say('hi');
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new Ajax.Request('/some_url', {
method:'get',
onSuccess: function(transport) {
alert(transport.responseText);
},
onFailure: function() {
alert('Something went wrong...');
}
});
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Object.keys
Object.values
Object.extend
Object.isArray
Object.isObject
Object.isDate
Object.isFunction
Object.isString
Object.isNumber
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[1, 2, 3].map(function(i) { return i + i });
// -> [2, 4, 6]
['one', 'two', 'three'].each(alert);
// Alerts "one", then alerts "two", then alerts "three"
[1, 'two', 3, 'four', 5].findAll(Object.isString);
// -> ['two', 'four']
[1, 7, -2, -4, 5].detect(function(n) { return n < 0; });
// -> -2
['hello', 'world', 'this', 'is', 'nice'].sortBy(function(s) {
return s.length;
});
// -> ['is', 'nice', 'this', 'world', 'hello']
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function() { /* ... */ }.bind(object)
function() { /* ... */}.defer()
function() { /* ... */}.delay()
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''.blank();
// -> true
'background-color'.camelize();
// -> 'backgroundColor'
'section=blog&id=45'.toQueryParams();
// -> {section: 'blog', id: '45'}
'
This is an article
'.escapeHTML();
// -> "<div class="article">This is an article</div>"
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$(element).setStyle({ backgroundColor: '#900', fontSize: '12px' });
$("messages").on("click", function(event) { /* ... */ });
$("messages").on("click", "a.comment", function(event, element) { /* ... */ });
$("element").absolutize();
$('rectangle').getDimensions();
// -> {width: 200, height: 100}
$(element).scrollTo();
$('mutsu').hasClassName('fruit');
// -> false
$('mutsu').toggleClassName('fruit');
// -> Element
$('mutsu').hasClassName('fruit');
// -> true
$('troz').measure('width');
//-> 150
$('troz').measure('border-top');
//-> 5
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JavaScript The Good Parts
2009 Node.js
2008 ECMA Script 4 canceled
JSLint
2003 Safari / WebKit
2004 GMail
2005 AJAX
Prototype.js
2006 Firebug
YUI Theater with Crockford
jQuery
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No content
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JavaScript The Good Parts
2009 Node.js
2008 ECMA Script 4 canceled
Underscore.js
2003 Safari / WebKit
2004 GMail
2005 AJAX
Prototype.js
2006 Firebug
YUI Theater with Crockford
jQuery
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JavaScript The Good Parts
2009 Node.js
2008 ECMA Script 4 canceled
Underscore.js
CoffeeScript
2004 GMail
2005 AJAX
Prototype.js
2006 Firebug
YUI Theater with Crockford
jQuery
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$( "button.continue" ).html( "Next Step..." )
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$( "#button-container button" ).on( "click", function( event ) {
$( "#banner-message" ).show();
});
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$.ajax({
url: "/api/getWeather",
data: {
zipcode: 97201
},
success: function( result ) {
$( "#weather-temp" ).html( "" + result + "" );
}
});
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JavaScript The Good Parts
2009 Node.js
2007 iPhone / Mobile Safari
Underscore.js
CoffeeScript
2010 Backbone.js
2005 AJAX
Prototype.js
2006 Firebug
YUI Theater with Crockford
jQuery
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No content
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2009 Node.js
2008 ECMA Script 4 canceled
Underscore.js
CoffeeScript
2010 Backbone.js
NPM
Prototype.js
2006 Firebug
YUI Theater with Crockford
jQuery
2007 iPhone / Mobile Safari
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# real classes
$ types
% interfaces
& module and packages
' default function parameters
) ahead-of-time compilation
* constants
( enums
ECMAScript 4
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# real classes
$ types
% interfaces
& module and packages
' default function parameters
) ahead-of-time compilation
* constants
( enums
+ , ... complicated, not backward compatible
ECMAScript 4
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JavaScript The Good Parts
2009 Node.js
2008 ECMA Script 4 canceled
Underscore.js
CoffeeScript
2010 Backbone.js
NPM
Prototype.js
2006 Firebug
YUI Theater with Crockford
jQuery
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No content
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JavaScript The Good Parts
Chrome
2008 ECMA Script 4 canceled
Underscore.js
CoffeeScript
2010 Backbone.js
NPM
2012 TypeScript
2006 Firebug
YUI Theater with Crockford
jQuery
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Webkit
+
Chrome V8
+
Auto updates
=
-
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JavaScript The Good Parts
2009 ECMA Script 5
2008 ECMA Script 4 canceled
Underscore.js
CoffeeScript
2010 Backbone.js
NPM
2012 TypeScript
2006 Firebug
YUI Theater with Crockford
jQuery
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# 'use strict'
$ JSON.parse / JSON.stringify
% Function.prototype.bind
& Array.prototype.map / Array.prototype.reduce / Array.prototype.forEach and so...
' Object.defineProperty / Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor
) Object.keys
* Object.freeze / Object.isFrozen
( Reserved words as property keys
ECMAScript 5
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JavaScript The Good Parts
2009 Node.js
2008 ECMA Script 4 canceled
Underscore.js
CoffeeScript
2010 Backbone.js
NPM
2012 TypeScript
2006 Firebug
YUI Theater with Crockford
jQuery
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var http = require('http');
http.createServer(function (req, res) {
res.writeHead(200, {'Content-Type': 'text/plain'});
res.end('Hello World!');
}).listen(8080);
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JavaScript The Good Parts
2009 Node.js
2008 ECMA Script 4 canceled
Underscore.js
CoffeeScript
2010 Backbone.js
NPM
2012 TypeScript
2013 React
YUI Theater with Crockford
jQuery
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_.map([1, 2, 3], function(num){ return num * 3; });
// => [3, 6, 9]
_.map({one: 1, two: 2, three: 3}, function(num, key){ return num * 3; });
// => [3, 6, 9]
_.map([[1, 2], [3, 4]], _.first);
//=> [1, 3]
_.find([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], function(num){ return num % 2 == 0; });
// => 2
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JavaScript The Good Parts
2009 Node.js
2008 ECMA Script 4 canceled
Underscore.js
CoffeeScript
2010 Backbone.js
NPM
2012 TypeScript
2013 React
2015 ES6
jQuery
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# Assignment:
number = 42
opposite = true
# Conditions:
number = -42 if opposite
# Functions:
square = (x) -> x * x
# Arrays:
list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
# Objects:
math =
root: Math.sqrt
square: square
cube: (x) -> x * square x
# Splats:
race = (winner, runners...) ->
print winner, runners
# Existence:
alert "I knew it!" if elvis?
# Array comprehensions:
cubes = (math.cube num for num in list)
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# splats
$ deconstructions
% (bound) arrow functions
& classes
' template literals
) everything is expression
* array comprehensions and slicing
( Ruby/Python expired syntax
. significant whitespace
CoffeeScript
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# splats
$ deconstructions
% (bound) arrow functions
& classes
' template literals
) everything is expression
* array comprehensions and slicing
( Ruby/Python expired syntax
. significant whitespace
CoffeeScript
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# splats
$ deconstructions
% (bound) arrow functions
& classes
' template literals
) everything is expression
* array comprehensions and slicing
( Ruby/Python expired syntax
. significant whitespace
CoffeeScript
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JavaScript The Good Parts
2009 Node.js
2008 ECMA Script 4 canceled
Underscore.js
CoffeeScript
2010 Backbone.js
NPM
2012 TypeScript
2013 React
2015 ES6
GraphQL
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Model <> View
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var DocumentRow = Backbone.View.extend({
tagName: "li",
className: "document-row",
events: {
"click .icon": "open",
"click .button.edit": "openEditDialog",
"click .button.delete": "destroy"
},
initialize: function() {
this.listenTo(this.model, "change", this.render);
},
render: function() {
// ...
}
});
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Model <> Router <>View
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var Workspace = Backbone.Router.extend({
routes: {
"help": "help", // #help
"search/:query": "search", // #search/qry
"search/:query/p:page": "search" // #search/qry/p7
},
help: function() {
// ...
},
search: function(query, page) {
// ...
}
});
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# Backbone.Events
$ Backbone.Model
% Backbone.Collection
& Backbone.View
' Backbone.Router
Backbone
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JavaScript The Good Parts
2009 Node.js
Underscore.js
CoffeeScript
2010 Backbone.js
NPM
2012 TypeScript
2013 React
2015 ES6
GraphQL
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npm install express
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var Express = require('express');
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2009 Node.js
Underscore.js
CoffeeScript
2010 Backbone.js
NPM
2012 TypeScript
2013 React
2015 ES6
GraphQL
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function greeter(person) {
return "Hello, " + person;
}
let user = "Rado";
document.body.innerHTML = greeter(user);
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function greeter(person) {
return "Hello, " + person;
}
let user = "Rado";
document.body.innerHTML = greeter(user);
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interface Person {
firstName: string;
lastName: string;
}
function greeter(person: Person) {
return "Hello, " + person.firstName + " " + person.lastName;
}
let user = { firstName: "Radoslav", lastName: "Stankov" };
document.body.innerHTML = greeter(user);
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# Types
$ Interfaces
% Shapes
& Decorators
' Complier
) Latest ECMAScript features
* Backward compatible
TypeScript
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Underscore.js
CoffeeScript
2010 Backbone.js
NPM
2012 TypeScript
2013 React
2015 ES6
GraphQL
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https://reactjs.org/
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class HelloMessage extends React.Component {
render() {
return (
Hello {this.props.name}
);
}
}
ReactDOM.render(
,
mountNode
);
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CoffeeScript
2010 Backbone.js
NPM
2012 TypeScript
2013 React
2015 ES6
GraphQL
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No content
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# (arg) => arg + 1
$ class
% `Template string`
& let, const
' deconstructing, array spread
) for (var n of fibonacci)
* import/export
( Promise
✈ ... much more
ECMAScript 6
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2010 Backbone.js
NPM
2012 TypeScript
2013 React
2015 ES6
GraphQL
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https://graphql.org/
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No content
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query {
post(id: 1) {
id
title
tagline
votesCount
commentsCount
thumbnailUrl
hunter: {
id
avatarUrl
}
}
}
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query {
post(id: 1) {
id
title
tagline
votesCount
commentsCount
thumbnailUrl
hunter: {
id
avatarUrl
}
}
}
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query {
post(id: 1) {
id
title
tagline
votesCount
commentsCount
thumbnailUrl
hunter: {
id
avatarUrl
}
}
}
{
"data": {
"post": {
"id": 1,
"title": "title",
"tagline": "tagline",
"votesCount": 0,
"commentsCount": 0,
"thumbnailUrl": "assets.product
"hunter": {
"id": 1,
"avatarUrl": "assets.producth
}
}
}
}
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No content
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No content
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Thanks 0