Ruby ソースコードの歩き方

by Nao Minami

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3VCZιʔείʔυͷา͖ํ /BP.JOBNJ !TPVUI

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ࣗݾ঺հ

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/BP.JOBNJ!TPVUI !NJOBNJP 4PGUXBSFFOHJOFFS !8BOUFEMZ *OD

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3VCZΛιʔείʔυ͔Βཧղ͍ͨ͠ʂ

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τοϓϨϕϧͰϑΝΠϧɺσΟϨΫτϦ

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ʜͲ͔͜ΒಡΜͩΒྑ͍͔͕෼͔Βͳ͍

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Ͱ΋ɺߏ੒΍֓ཁΛ஌͍ͬͯΕ͹ ͣͬͱಡΈ΍͘͢ͳΔ͸ͣ

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3VCZιʔείʔυͷ֓ཁΛ஌Δ Ͱ΋ɺߏ੒΍֓ཁΛ஌͍ͬͯΕ͹ ͣͬͱಡΈ΍͘͢ͳΔ͸ͣ

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w 3VCZιʔείʔυͷ֓ཁΛ஌Δ w 3VCZ࣮ߦ࣌ͷڍಈ w ·ͱΊ ࠓ೔࿩͢಺༰

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w 3VCZιʔείʔυͷ֓ཁΛ஌Δ w 3VCZ࣮ߦ࣌ͷڍಈ w ·ͱΊ ࠓ೔࿩͢಺༰

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3VCZιʔείʔυͷ֓ཁΛ஌Δ w 3VCZϨϙδτϦ w τοϓϨϕϧͰϑΝΠϧɺσΟϨΫτϦ w NBLFͰϏϧυɺNBLFJOTUBMMͰΠϯετʔϧ w ओཁͳϑΝΠϧ͸࣮͸ଟ͘ͳ͍ w ಛʹɺQBSTFZ DPNQJMFD JOTOTEFG͕ॏཁ

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3VCZॲཧܥͷ֓ཁ w QBSTFʜSVCZίʔυ͔Β"45Λੜ੒ w DPNQJMFʜ"45͔Β:"37໋ྩྻΛੜ੒ w SVOUJNFʜ:"37໋ྩΛ࣮ߦ 3VCZ΋ଟ͘ͷݴޠॲཧܥͱಉ༷ɺεςοϓ͕ଘࡏ ͦΕͧΕͷεςοϓ͸Ͳ͜ͰͲ͏࣮૷͞Ε͍ͯΔͷ͔ʁ

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QBSTF w QBSTFʜSVCZίʔυ͔Β"45Λੜ੒ w DPNQJMFʜ"45͔Β:"37໋ྩྻΛੜ੒ w SVOUJNFʜ:"37໋ྩΛ࣮ߦ

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QBSTF puts 2 + 2 3VCZίʔυ UPLFOྻ NODE_CALL + NODE_LIT 2 identiﬁer puts integer 2 integer 2 op + NODE_LIT 2 NODE_FCALL puts "45 ந৅ߏจ໦

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QBSTF w QBSTFZͰఆٛ w ߦ͋Δ௒ڊେϑΝΠϧ w CJTPOͷ༷ͳQBSTFSHFOFSBUPSʹ৯Θ͢QBSTFD w #/'Ͱهड़ɺBDUJPO΍ͦͷଞͷ෦෼͸$Ͱهड़ w UPLFO͸EFGTLFZXPSETͰఆٛ 3VCZͷจ๏Λ࿔Γ͔ͨͬͨΒQBSTFZΛݟΕ͹ྑ͍

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DPNQJMF w QBSTFʜSVCZίʔυ͔Β"45Λੜ੒ w DPNQJMFʜ"45͔Β:"37໋ྩྻΛੜ੒ w SVOUJNFʜ:"37໋ྩΛ࣮ߦ

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DPNQJMF "45͔ΒDPNQJMFͯ͠:"37໋ྩྻੜ੒ NODE_CALL + NODE_LIT 2 NODE_LIT 2 NODE_FCALL puts "45 putself putobject 2 putobject 2 opt_plus opt_send_simple :"37໋ྩྻ

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DPNQJMF w DPNQJMFDͰఆٛ w ߦ͋Δ௒ڊେϑΝΠϧ w "45Λ૸ࠪͯ͠:"37໋ྩ JTFR Λੜ੒ w ASC@JTFR@DPNQJMF@OPEF SC@JTFR@UJTFR /0%& OPEF A͕ݺ͹ΕΔ "45͕มΘͬͨΒɺDPNQJMFD΋मਖ਼

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SVOUJNF w QBSTFʜSVCZίʔυ͔Β"45Λੜ੒ w DPNQJMFʜ"45͔Β:"37໋ྩྻΛੜ੒ w SVOUJNFʜ:"37໋ྩΛ࣮ߦ

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putself putobject 2 putobject 2 opt_plus opt_send_simple :"37໋ྩྻΛॱ൪ʹ࣮ߦ SVOUJNF 4UBDL1PJOUFS 41 :"37ͷ಺෦ελοΫ 1SPHSBN$PVOUFS 1$

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SVOUJNF:"37໋ྩͷఆٛ :"37໋ྩͷఆٛ͸Ͳ͜ʁ

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SVOUJNF:"37໋ྩͷఆٛ w JOTOTEFGͰ:"37໋ྩΛఆٛ w QVUTFMG QVUPCKFDU TFOE FUDͷఆٛΛهࡌ w !@LPʹΑΔ%4- w ΄΅$͕ͩɺڞ௨෦෼͸ল͍ͯΔ w UPPMJOTOTWNSCͱ͍͏SVCZεΫϦϓτͰ JOTOTEFG͔Βίʔυੜ੒Λߦ͏WNJOD :"37໋ྩΛग़ൃ఺ʹಡΉ৔߹͸JOTOTEFGΛݟΔͱྑ͍

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ͦͷଞͷϑΝΠϧ QBSTFZ DPNQJMFD JOTOTEFGҎ֎ͷ ϑΝΠϧ͸Կʹ࢖ΘΕΔʁ

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ͦͷଞͷϑΝΠϧ w QBSTFZ DPNQJMFD JOTOTEFG͔Βݺͼग़͞ΕΔॲཧ w QBSTF DPNQJMFͷݺͼग़͠ɺWNͷॲཧ w ϏϧτΠϯͷΫϥε 0CKFDU "SSBZ 4USJOH FUDʜ w υΩϡϝϯτ େମҎԼͷͭͷͲΕ͔

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ಡΈํ͕෼͔Ε͹ ɹ3VCZͷιʔείʔυ͸ා͘ͳ͍ʂ

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w 3VCZιʔείʔυͷߏ੒Λ஌Δ w 3VCZ࣮ߦ࣌ͷڍಈ w ·ͱΊ ࠓ೔࿩͢಺༰

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$ ruby -e ‘print “Hello World!”’ Hellow World! 3VCZΛUFSNJOBM͔Β࣮ߦ 3VCZΛUFSNJOBM͔Β࣮ߦ

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int main(int argc, char **argv) { . . . { . . . return ruby_run_node(ruby_options(argc, argv)); } } w 3VCZ࣮ߦ࣌͸ANBJOAؔ਺͕ΤϯτϦʔϙΠϯτ w ASVCZ@PQUJPOTAͰQBSTF DPNQJMF w ASVCZ@SVO@OPEFA͕:"37໋ྩྻΛ࣮ߦ 3VCZͷNBJOؔ਺

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SVCZ@PQUJPOT void * ruby_options(int argc, char **argv) { . . . if ((state = EXEC_TAG()) == 0) { SAVE_ROOT_JMPBUF(GET_THREAD(), iseq = ruby_process_options(argc, argv)); } else { . . iseq = (void *)INT2FIX(state); } . . . return iseq; } w JTFR :"37໋ྩྻ Λฦ͢ w ॲཧΛ௥͏ͱɺQBSTFZͰఆٛ͞ΕͨAZZQBSTFA΍ DPNQJMFDͰఆٛ͞ΕͨASC@JTFR@DPNQJMF@OPEFAΛར༻

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SVCZ@SVO@OPEF w JTFR :"37໋ྩྻ Λ࣮ߦ͢Δ w ॲཧΛ௥͏ͱɺAWN@FYFD@DPSFA͕࣮ߦ͞ΕΔ w JOTOTEFG͔Βੜ੒ͨ͠Dίʔυ͕ຒΊࠐ·ΕͯΔ static VALUE vm_exec_core(rb_thread_t *th, VALUE initial) { . . . first: INSN_DISPATCH(); /*****************/ #include "vm.inc" /*****************/ END_INSNS_DISPATCH(); . . . }

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SVCZ@SVO@OPEF w JTFR :"37໋ྩྻ Λ࣮ߦ͢Δ w ॲཧΛ௥͏ͱɺJOTOTEFG͔Βੜ੒ͨ͠Dίʔυ͕ ຒΊࠐ·ΕͨAWN@FYFD@DPSFA͕࣮ߦ͞ΕΔ static VALUE vm_exec_core(rb_thread_t *th, VALUE initial) { . . . first: INSN_DISPATCH(); /*****************/ #include "vm.inc" /*****************/ END_INSNS_DISPATCH(); . . . } JOTOTEFGʹḷΓண͍ͨʂ

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͔֬ʹɺQBSTFZ DPNQJMFD JOTOTEFG Λԡ͑͞Ε͹3VCZΛཧղͰ͖ͦ͏

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w 3VCZιʔείʔυͷߏ੒Λ஌Δ w 3VCZ࣮ߦ࣌ͷڍಈ w ·ͱΊ ࠓ೔࿩͢಺༰

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·ͱΊ w 3VCZͷιʔείʔυ͸ා͘ͳ͍ w QBSTF DPNQJMF SVOUJNFͷͦΕͧΕͷεςοϓͷ ओཁͳϑΝΠϧΛೖΓޱʹ͢ΔͱಡΈ΍͍͢ w NBJOؔ਺͔ΒಡΈ࢝ΊΔͷ΋ָ͍͠ 3VCZΛιʔείʔυ͔Βཧղͯ͠ɺ ָ͍͠3VCZϥΠϑΛૹΖ͏ʂ