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ஜ೾େֶ ਤॻؗ৘ใϝσΟΞܥ ٢઒ ࣍࿠ Ӭ৿ ޫ੖ # ೔෇ ֓ཁ 1 1݄9೔ (Ր) ಋೖɾΠϯλʔωοτ্ͷίϯςϯπྲྀ௨ʹؔ͢Δશମ૾Λड़΂Δ ίϯςϯπྲྀ௨ج൫֓࿦ 1

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तۀ֓ཁ Πϯλʔωοτ্Ͱ͸͞·͟·ͳίϯςϯπ͕ఏڙ͞ΕɼͦΕΛྲྀ௨ ͤ͞ΔͨΊͷ͍Ζ͍ΖͳγεςϜ΍αʔϏε͕ఏڙ͞Ε͍ͯΔɽ ຊߨٛͰ͸ɼΠϯλʔωοτ্ʹ͓͚Δίϯςϯπྲྀ௨αʔϏε΍ σΟδλϧΞʔΧΠϒʹ͍ͭͯ֓؍͠ɼͦΕΛࢧ͑ΔϝλσʔλͳͲ ͷج൫త৘ใٕज़ɼಛʹWebͷࢹ఺͔Βͷٕज़ʹؔͯ͠ཧղ͢Δ͜ͱ Λ໨తͱ͢Δɽ तۀͷ౸ୡ໨ඪɼֶम੒Ռ (1) σΟδλϧΞʔΧΠϒɼσΟδλϧϥΠϒϥϦͷࢹ఺ΛؚΊίϯςϯπ ྲྀ௨ͷͨΊͷ৘ใٕज़ʹ͍ͭͯཧղ͠ɼઆ໌Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ʹͳΔɽ (2) ωοτࢦ޲ͷϝλσʔλͷࢹ఺͔ΒΠϯλʔωοτ্ͰͷσΟδλϧ ίϯςϯπͷྲྀ௨ʹ༻͍ΒΕΔ৘ใٕज़ج൫΍ඪ४ʹ͍ͭͯཧղ͠ɼ આ໌Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ʹͳΔɽ (3) Πϯλʔωοτ্Ͱͷ৘ใྲྀ௨ͷͨΊͷ͞·͟·ͳ৘ใٕज़Λద੾ʹ ૊Έ߹Θͤͯɼ౷߹తʹར༻Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ʹͳΔɽ 2

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εέδϡʔϧ # ೔෇ ֓ཁ 1 1݄9೔ (Ր) ಋೖɾΠϯλʔωοτ্ͷίϯςϯπྲྀ௨ʹؔ͢Δશମ૾Λड़΂Δ 2 1݄11೔ (໦) ίϯςϯπྲྀ௨Λࢧ͑Δ৘ใٕज़ͷ֓ཁ ɾίϯςϯπͷදݱɼ஝ੵɼ ΞΫηεͷͨΊͷ৘ใٕज़ͷجૅ ɾίϯςϯπྲྀ௨ͷγεςϜͷߏ੒ͷجૅ 3 1݄18೔ (໦) Πϯλʔωοτ্ͷίϯςϯπͱͦͷྲྀ௨ͷجૅ֓೦ɾ σΟδλϧϥΠϒϥϦͱσΟδλϧΞʔΧΠϒͷࣄྫͱجૅ֓೦ 4 1݄23೔ (Ր) ֶज़ݚڀ෼໺ʹ͓͚ΔσΟδλϧίϯςϯπͷྲྀ௨ʹؔ͢Δجૅ֓೦ͱࣄྫ 5 1݄25೔ (໦) ֶज़ݚڀ෼໺ʹ͓͚Δίϯςϯπͷಉఆɾࣝผ΍ɼӬଓతͳར༻ͷͨΊͷج൫ 6 1݄30೔ (Ր) ΦʔϓϯαΠΤϯε࣌୅ʹ͓͚Δֶज़ίϯςϯπͷྲྀ௨ʹؔ͢Δಈ޲ 7 2݄1೔ (໦) ϝλσʔλͷجૅ֓೦ͱϝλσʔλͷछʑͷࣄྫ 8 2݄6೔ (Ր) ϝλσʔλͷϞσϧ ɾԠ༻໨తʹैͬͨίϯςϯπͷݟํͱϝλσʔλͷ Ϟσϧ ɾϝλσʔλεΩʔϚͱͦͷجຊϞσϧ 9 2݄8೔ (໦) ϝλσʔλͷ૬ޓӡ༻ੑɼಛʹΠϯλʔωοτ্Ͱͷϝλσʔλͷ ૬ޓӡ༻ੑͷͨΊͷඪ४ (Resource Description Framework (RDF) ౳) ͱ ϝλσʔλεΩʔϚʹ͍ͭͯड़΂Δ 10 2݄13೔ (Ր) σΟδλϧίϯςϯπྲྀ௨ɼϝλσʔλʹؔ͢Δ૯߹తͳٞ࿦ͱৼΓฦΓ ※ୈ1ճ͔Βୈ6ճ·Ͱ͸٢઒ɼୈ7ճ͔Βୈ10ճ·Ͱ͸Ӭ৿ઌੜͷ୲౰Ͱ͢ɽ 3

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ಋೖ 4

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ίϯςϯπͱ͸Կ͔ • ίϯςϯπɼContent (s) ͸ʮத਎ʯ΍ʮ಺༰ʯͷҙຯ • ಺༰͕͋Δͱ͍͏͜ͱ͸ɼೖΕ෺ (container) ͕͋Δ ⼊れ物 中⾝・内容 CD ԻָɼσΟδλϧදݱ͞ΕͨԻָԋ૗ɾύϑΥʔϚϯε DVD өըɼσΟδλϧදݱ͞Εͨө૾ ҹ࡮ॻ੶/ ࡭ࢠମ খઆɼϚϯΨͳͲ ిࢠॻ੶ খઆɼϚϯΨͳͲ 5

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ҹ࡮ॻ੶ͱిࢠॻ੶ͷҧ͍ #1 • ҹ࡮ॻ੶ (࡭ࢠମ) ͸ೖΕ෺ͳͷ͔த਎ɾ಺༰ͳͷ͔? → ྆ऀ͕ҰମԽͨ͠΋ͷͱߟ͑Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ • ʮೖΕ෺ʯ͸ɼ࢖͍উख΍ݟ΍͢͞Λܾఆ͢Δཁૉ • ࢖͍উख: ༻ࢴαΠζɼࢴ࣭ɼจࣈͷϑΥϯτɾେ͖͞ɼ༨നͳͲͷ ϨΠΞ΢τɽܞଳੑɼͲΕ͘Β͍৔ॴΛऔΔ͔ (อ؅࣌ɼ࢖༻࣌) • ݟ΍͢͞: ϨΠΞ΢τʹؔ͢Δཁૉ + ͦΕҎ֎ͷཁૉ? ਓ͕ؒಡΉͱ͖ɼҹ࡮ॻ੶ͱిࢠॻ੶Ͱ͸ޡࣈ୤ࣈͷݟ͚ͭ΍͢͞ ͕ҟͳΔՄೳੑ͕͋Δɽͨͱ͑͹ɼPCͰϨϙʔτΛࣥච͍ͯͯ͠ɼ ׬੒ͨ͠! ͱࢥͬͨͷͰҹ࡮ͯ͠ΈͨΒޡࣈ୤ࣈ͕ෳ਺͋Δ͜ͱʹ ؾ͍ͮͯमਖ਼ͨ͠ͱ͍ͬͨܦݧ͕͋Δਓ΋ଟ͍ͷͰ͸? 6 (ࢀߟ) দࢁຑच: ʮදࣔϝσΟΞͱͦͷૢ࡞ख๏͕ʮޡΓΛ୳͢ಡΈʯʹ༩͑ΔӨڹʯ, ৘ใϝσΟΞݚڀ, Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 55-70, 2021. https://doi.org/10.11304/jims.20.55.

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ʮਤॻؗ৘ใֶ༻ޠࣙయ*ʯʹΑΔͱɼిࢠॻ੶ͱ͸: • ैདྷ͸ҹ࡮ͯ͠ਤॻͷܗͰग़൛͞Ε͍ͯͨஶ࡞෺Λɼ ిࢠϝσΟΞΛ༻͍ͯग़൛ͨ͠΋ͷͰ͋Δ • ैདྷͷਤॻͱ͸ҟͳΓɼҎԼͷΑ͏ͳಛ௃͕͋Δ 1. දࣔํࣜɼग़ྗํࣜΛಡऀ͕ࣗ༝ʹมߋͰ͖Δ 2. Ի੠΍ಈըΛؚΊͨϚϧνϝσΟΞʹ͢Δ͜ͱ͕Մೳ 3. ߲໨ؒʹϦϯΫΛுͬͨϋΠύʔςΩετʹ͢Δ͜ͱ͕Մೳ 4. ίϯϐϡʔλ·ͨ͸ઐ༻ͷػց͕ͳ͚Ε͹ಡΉ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ͳ͍ 7 ҹ࡮ॻ੶ͱిࢠॻ੶ͷҧ͍#2 *೔ຊਤॻؗ৘ใֶձ༻ޠࣙయฤूҕһձ:ʮਤॻؗ৘ใֶ༻ޠࣙయʯ. ؙળग़൛, ୈ5൛, 2020.

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ిࢠॻ੶Ϗδωεௐࠪใࠂॻ #1 • 2022೥౓ͷ೔ຊࠃ಺ʹ͓͚Δࢢ৔ن໛ͷਪܭ஋͸ 6,026ԯԁ (લ೥౓͔Β516ԯԁͷ૿Ճ) • ֎ग़ͷػձ͕૿Ճ͠ɼ૥͝΋ΓधཁʹΑΔ௥͍෩͸ͳ͘ͳͬͨ 8 ग़య: ిࢠॻ੶Ϗδωεௐࠪใࠂॻ2023 | ΠϯϓϨε૯߹ݚڀॴ https://research.impress.co.jp/report/list/ebook/501759

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ిࢠॻ੶Ϗδωεௐࠪใࠂॻ #2 • 2022೥౓ͷిࢠίϛοΫࢢ৔ن໛͸5,199ԯԁʹ૿Ճ લ೥౓͔Β539ԯԁͷ૿Ճ 9 ग़య: ిࢠॻ੶Ϗδωεௐࠪใࠂॻ2023 | ΠϯϓϨε૯߹ݚڀॴ https://research.impress.co.jp/report/list/ebook/501759 → จܳɾ࣮༻ॻɾࣸਅू౳

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ిࢠॻ੶Ϗδωεௐࠪใࠂॻ #3 • 2022೥౓ͷ೔ຊࠃ಺Ͱͷ༗ྉిࢠॻ੶ͷར༻཰͸19.1% • 20୅ͷஉੑɾঁੑɼ30୅ͷஉੑͷར༻཰͕ൺֱతߴ͍ • ͲͷΑ͏ͳαʔϏεɼϓϥοτϑΥʔϜͰಡΜͰ͍Δ͔ ʲ༗ྉɼແྉΛ໰Θͣɼར༻͍ͯ͠Δిࢠॻ੶αʔϏε΍ΞϓϦʳ • ϐοίϚɼ LINEϚϯΨɼ KindleετΞɼগ೥δϟϯϓ+ɼ ϚΨϙέɼָఱKoboిࢠॻ੶ετΞɼίϛοΫγʔϞΞ, etc. ʲߪೖɾ՝ۚͨ͜͠ͱͷ͋Δిࢠॻ੶αʔϏε΍ΞϓϦʳ • KindleετΞɼ LINEϚϯΨɼָఱKoboిࢠॻ੶ετΞɼ ϐοίϚɼίϛοΫγʔϞΞɼetc. 10 ग़య: ిࢠॻ੶Ϗδωεௐࠪใࠂॻ2023 | ΠϯϓϨε૯߹ݚڀॴ https://research.impress.co.jp/report/list/ebook/501759

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ΞφϩάͱσΟδλϧͷҧ͍ • Ξφϩά (ඇσΟδλϧ) ͸ίϐʔ͢ΔͱྼԽ͢Δ • ҹ࡮෺ͷίϐʔ΍εΩϟϯΛߦͬͨ৔߹ͳͲʹྼԽ͢Δ • σΟδλϧ͸ίϐʔͰ͸ྼԽ͠ͳ͍ • σΟδλϧ͸ͦͷ··ͷܗͰίϯϐϡʔλʹ஝ੵ͠ɼ ωοτϫʔΫͰૹͬͨΓड͚औͬͨΓͰ͖Δ • σΟδλϧ͸ೖΕ෺ͱத਎ɾ಺༰ͷಠཱੑ͕ߴ͍ • ύοέʔδܕ͔ωοτϫʔΫܕ͔ • ύοέʔδܕ$%΍%7%౳ʹೖΕͯఏڙ͢Δ΋ͷ • ωοτϫʔΫܕωοτϫʔΫ্Ͱ഑৴ɾఏڙ͢Δ΋ͷ ˞ύοέʔδܕ͸ೖΕ෺͝ͱ౉ͤ͹ڞ༗ɾৡ౉ͳͲ͕Մೳ 11

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ίϯςϯπͱ͸Կ͔ • ຊߨٛͰର৅ͱ͢Δίϯςϯπͱ͸ɼਓؒ΍૊৫ͳͲ͕ ԿΒ͔ͷҙਤͷ΋ͱʹ࡞੒ͨ͠දݱ෺ͷ͜ͱ • ͨͱ͑͹ɼөըɼ࿦จɼਤॻɼه࿥จॻɼWebϖʔδɼ ԻָɼήʔϜͳͲͷஶ࡞෺ɾ੍࡞෺͸ίϯςϯπͱଊ͑Δ • ओͳର৅͸ɼωοτ্Ͱྲྀ௨͢ΔσΟδλϧܗࣜͰදݱ ͞Εͨిࢠతͳίϯςϯπ:ਤॻɼจॻɼWebϖʔδ౳ 12 • ίϯςϯπɼContent (s) ͸ʮத਎ʯ΍ʮ಺༰ʯͷҙຯ • ಺༰͕͋Δͱ͍͏͜ͱ͸ɼೖΕ෺ (container) ͕͋Δ

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ίϯςϯπྲྀ௨ͱ͸Կ͔ #1 • ఻౷తʹ͸ʮίϯςϯπΛ֨ೲͨ͠Ϟϊͷྲྀ௨ʯΛࢦ͢ • ຊɼCDɼDVDɼҹ࡮͞Ε֤ͨछνέοτ౳ • ࣮ࡍͷ঎඼Ձ஋͸ɼϞϊͰ͸ͳ͘ɼͦͷத਎ʹ͋Δ • த਎Λఏڙऀ͔Βར༻ऀ·Ͱಧ͚Δ (=ೖख͢Δ) ํ๏ͱɼ ར༻ऀ͕த਎Λར༻͢Δํ๏Λࢧ͑Δ؀ڥ͕ඞཁෆՄܽ • ೖΕ෺͸ɼχʔζʹΑͬͯඞཁͰ͋Δ͜ͱ΋͋Ε͹ɼ ͦ͏Ͱ͸ͳ͍͜ͱ΋͋Δ • ʮίϯςϯπྲྀ௨ʯ͸ɼத਎͚ͩ த਎ओମ Ͱྑ͍͸ͣ • ೖख΍ར༻ͷͨΊʹɼԿΒ͔ͷೖΕ෺ʹೖΕΔඞཁ͸͋Δ 13

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ίϯςϯπྲྀ௨ͱ͸Կ͔ #2 • ωοτ্Ͱͷίϯςϯπྲྀ௨ͱ͸ • αϒεΫϦϓγϣϯʹΑΔίϯςϯπ΁ͷʮΞΫηεݖʯ ˠ ܖ໿த͚ͩར༻Մೳ ղ໿͢Δͱར༻ෆՄʹͳΔ ৔߹΋ • ߤۭ݊ͷe-Ticket ΍ϗςϧͷ༧໿ͳͲͷʮར༻ݖʯ 14

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ίϯςϯπྲྀ௨ͱ͸Կ͔ #3 • ߤۭ݊ͷe-Ticket ΍ϗςϧͷ༧໿ͳͲͷʮར༻ݖʯ 15 https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/guide/boarding- procedures/checkin/domestic/proof/

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ίϯςϯπྲྀ௨ͱ͸Կ͔ #4 • ωοτ্Ͱͷίϯςϯπྲྀ௨ͱ͸ • αϒεΫϦϓγϣϯʹΑΔίϯςϯπ΁ͷʮΞΫηεݖʯ ˠ ܖ໿த͚ͩར༻Մೳ ղ໿͢Δͱར༻ෆՄʹͳΔ ৔߹΋ • ߤۭ݊ͷe-Ticket ΍ϗςϧͷ༧໿ͳͲͷʮར༻ݖʯ • ࣌ؒ΍ۭؒΛ௒͑ͨίϯςϯπྲྀ௨ • ίϯςϯπ͕ద੾ʹอଘɾ஝ੵ͞ΕΔ͜ͱͰɼ ಉ࣌͡΍৔ॴʹ͍ͳ͍ෆಛఆଟ਺ͱڞ༗͠ɼ ར༻͢Δ͜ͱ΋ՄೳʹͳΔ 16

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ίϯςϯπྲྀ௨ͱ͸Կ͔ #5 ίϯςϯπͷ࡞੒ɾ׬੒ ஶऀ࡞ऀ ग़൛ࣾ ҹ࡮੡ຊձࣾ औ࣍ձࣾ ॻళ ಡऀ ύοέʔδԽɾྔ࢈ ྲྀ௨ɾൢച ೖखɾར༻ ίϯςϯπͷ࡞੒ɾ׬੒ ஶऀ࡞ऀ ग़൛ࣾ ҹ࡮੡ຊձࣾ ΦϯϥΠϯॻళ ಡऀ ύοέʔδԽɾྔ࢈ ྲྀ௨ɾൢച ೖखɾར༻ 1. ຊ ࡭ࢠମ ΛॻళͰߪೖͯ͠ೖख͢Δ 2. ຊ ࡭ࢠମ ΛΦϯϥΠϯγϣοϓͰߪೖͯ͠ೖख͢Δ 3. ిࢠॻ੶Λߪೖͯ͠ೖख͢Δ ίϯςϯπͷ࡞੒ɾ׬੒ ஶऀ࡞ऀ ग़൛ࣾ ిࢠॻ੶ετΞ ϓϥοτϑΥʔϜఏڙࣾ ύοέʔδԽɼϓϥοτϑΥʔϜ΁ͷ౥ࡌͳͲ ಡऀ ύοέʔδԽ ྲྀ௨ɾൢച ೖखɾར༻ ڞ௨఺:࡞Δਓɼྲྀ௨ͷܦ࿏ɼೖखɾར༻͢Δਓ͕ଘࡏ͢Δ 17

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ίϯςϯπͷදݱɼ ஝ੵɼྲྀ௨ɼอଘ • ΢Σϒ্Ͱྲྀ௨ͤ͞ΔίϯςϯπΛͲͷΑ͏ʹදݱɾ࣮ݱ͢Δ͔ จॻɼϋΠύʔςΩετɼϚϧνϝσΟΞจॻͳͲ • ίϯςϯπΛऩूɾ஝ੵ͠ɼఏڙ͢Δ • ίϯςϯπΛ௕ظʹ౉ͬͯอଘ͠ɼར༻͠ଓ͚ΒΕΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δ Πϯλʔωοτͱ World Wide Web • URI, Unicode, XML, HTMLͳͲɼϦιʔεͷදݱͱࣝผͷج൫ • http ͳͲͷϓϩτίϧ • Resource Description Framework (RDF), Dublin CoreͳͲͷ ৘ใྲྀ௨Λࢧ͑Δϝλσʔλͷ࢓૊Έ ίϯϐϡʔλ ωοτϫʔΫͷ ج൫ • ίϯϐϡʔλωοτϫʔΫͷ֊૚ߏ଄ • ίϯϐϡʔλಉ࢜ɼϓϩηεಉ࢜Λͭͳ͙ٕज़ • αʔόɾΫϥΠΞϯτϞσϧͳͲ ίϯϐϡʔλͷ ج൫ • จࣈίʔυɼσʔλܕ • ΠϝʔδσʔλɼΦʔσΟΦσʔλͷσΟδλϧදݱ • σʔλϕʔεɼΦϖϨʔςΟϯάγεςϜͳͲ 18 ৘ใγεςϜͷ֊૚ߏ଄͔Βݟͨ ίϯςϯπྲྀ௨

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৘ใγεςϜͷ֊૚ߏ଄͔Βݟͨ ίϯςϯπྲྀ௨ ίϯςϯπͷදݱɼ ஝ੵɼྲྀ௨ɼอଘ • ΢Σϒ্Ͱྲྀ௨ͤ͞ΔίϯςϯπΛͲͷΑ͏ʹදݱɾ࣮ݱ͢Δ͔ จॻɼϋΠύʔςΩετɼϚϧνϝσΟΞจॻͳͲ • ίϯςϯπΛऩूɾ஝ੵ͠ɼఏڙ͢Δɽ • ίϯςϯπΛ௕ظʹ౉ͬͯอଘ͠ɼར༻͠ଓ͚ΒΕΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δ Πϯλʔωοτͱ World Wide Web • URI, Unicode, XML, HTMLͳͲɼϦιʔεͷදݱͱࣝผͷج൫ • http ͳͲͷϓϩτίϧ • Resource Description Framework (RDF), Dublin CoreͳͲͷ ৘ใྲྀ௨Λࢧ͑Δϝλσʔλͷ࢓૊Έ ίϯϐϡʔλ ωοτϫʔΫͷ ج൫ • ίϯϐϡʔλωοτϫʔΫͷ֊૚ߏ଄ • ίϯϐϡʔλಉ࢜ɼϓϩηεಉ࢜Λͭͳ͙ٕज़ • αʔόɾΫϥΠΞϯτϞσϧͳͲ ίϯϐϡʔλͷ ج൫ • จࣈίʔυɼσʔλܕ • ΠϝʔδσʔλɼΦʔσΟΦσʔλͷσΟδλϧදݱ • σʔλϕʔεɼΦϖϨʔςΟϯάγεςϜͳͲ 19 ຊߨٛʹ͓͚Δର৅ൣғ

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World Wide Web #1 20 • ຊߨٛͰର৅ͱ͢Δίϯςϯπͱ͸ɼਓؒ΍૊৫ͳͲ͕ ԿΒ͔ͷҙਤͷ΋ͱʹ࡞੒ͨ͠දݱ෺ͷ͜ͱ • ओͳର৅͸ɼωοτ্Ͱྲྀ௨͢ΔσΟδλϧܗࣜͰදݱ͞Εͨ ిࢠతͳίϯςϯπ:ਤॻɼจॻɼWebϖʔδ౳ • 1990೥ʹTim Berners-LeeʹΑͬͯൃ໌͞ΕͨγεςϜ • Web͸ʮ஖ᥨͷ૥ʯͷҙຯ ը૾ͷग़య: File:Sir Tim Berners-Lee (cropped).jpg - Wikimedia Commons https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sir_Tim_Be rners-Lee_(cropped).jpg

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World Wide Web #2 21 ςΟϜɾόʔφʔζʹϦʔ͕ࣔ࣍͢ͷ΢Σϒ - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/embed/OM6XIICm_qo?rel=0

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World Wide Web #3 22 • Tim Berners-Lee͸ Ԥभݪࢠ֩ݚڀػߏ CERN ʹۈ຿͍ͯͨ͠ • ૉཻࢠʹؔ͢Δ෺ཧֶతͳݚڀΛ਺ઍɼ਺ສਓن໛Ͱ࣮ࢪ • ݚڀऀؒͰ͓ޓ͍ͷσʔλΛޮ཰Α͘ڞ༗ɾӾཡ͢Δʹ͸? ࢲ͸ιϑτ΢ΣΞΤϯδχΞͱͯ͠ɼڊେͰΤΩαΠςΟϯάͳݚڀॴʹ ੈքத͔Βू·ͬͨଟ͘ͷਓୡͱڞʹಇ͍͍ͯ·ͨ͠ɽ ൴Β͸ଟ༷ͳίϯϐϡʔλΛݚڀॴʹ࣋ͪد͖ͬͯ·ͨ͠ɽ൴Β͸ଟ༷ͳ σʔλϑΥʔϚοτ΍༷ʑͳจॻγεςϜΛར༻͍ͯ͠·ͨ͠ɽ ͦͷΑ͏ͳଟ༷ੑ͕ଘࡏ͢ΔதͰɼ΋͠ࢲ͕Կ͔Λ࡞Γ͍ͨͱࢥཱ͍ͬͨ৔߹ ͲΕ΋৽͍͠Ϛγϯʹܨ͛ͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ͔ͬͨΓɼ৽͍͠ϓϩάϥϜͷ ಈ͔͠ํΛֶ͹ͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ͔ͬͨΓɼཉ͍͠৘ใ͕৽͍͠σʔλܗࣜͰ ݟ͔ͭͬͨΓ͠·͢ɽͦͯ͠ɼ͜ΕΒ͸͢΂ͯޓ׵ੑ͕ͳ͍΋ͷͰ͢ɽ ͦΕ͸ͱͯ΋΋Ͳ͔͍͠΋ͷͰͨ͠ɽ։͖͏ΔՄೳੑʹର͢Δ΋Ͳ͔͠͞Ͱ͢ɽ ࣮ࡍʹ͸ɼͦΕΒͷϋʔυσΟεΫͷதʹ͸υΩϡϝϯτ͕͋ͬͨͷͰ͢ɽ ͨͱ͑͹ΠϯλʔωοτͷΑ͏ʹɼ΋͠Ͳ͔͜ͷڊେͳԾ૝จॻγεςϜ্ʹ ͋ͬͨͱͨ͠Βɼۤ࿑ΛͤͣʹࡁΉͰ͠ΐ͏ɽ ग़యTEDςΟϜɾόʔφʔζʹϦʔ͕ࣔ࣍͢ͷ΢Σϒ YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OM6XIICm_qo

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World Wide Web #4 23 • 1990೥ʹTim Berners-LeeʹΑͬͯൃ໌͞ΕͨγεςϜ • WebΛࢧ͑Δ࠷΋جૅతͳٕज़ • HTTP HyperText Transfer Protocol • URI Uniform Resource Identifier • HTML HyperText Markup Language HTTP ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ ϓϩτίϧ HTML ϋΠύʔϝσΟΞ ϑΥʔϚοτ URI Ϧιʔεࣝผࢠ HTTP͸URIͰૢ࡞ର৅Λ ࢦఆ͢Δ HTMLͷϦϯΫ͸URIΛར༻͢Δ (ࢀߟ) ࢁຊཅฏ: ʮWebΛࢧ͑Δٕज़ : HTTP, URI, HTML, ͦͯ͠RESTʯ. Web+DB PressϓϥεγϦʔζ. ٕज़ධ࿦ࣾ, 2010. HTML͸HTTPͰ ΍ΓऔΓ͞ΕΔ

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ஜ೾େֶਤॻؗ৘ใϝσΟΞܥ ٢઒࣍࿠[email protected] # ೔෇ ֓ཁ 2 1݄11೔ (໦) ίϯςϯπྲྀ௨Λࢧ͑Δ৘ใٕज़ͷ֓ཁ ɾίϯςϯπͷදݱɼ ஝ੵɼΞΫηεͷͨΊͷ৘ใٕज़ͷجૅ ɾίϯςϯπྲྀ௨ͷ γεςϜͷߏ੒ͷجૅ ίϯςϯπྲྀ௨ج൫֓࿦ 24

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લճͷ͓͞Β͍ 25

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ίϯςϯπͱ͸Կ͔ • ίϯςϯπɼContent (s) ͸ʮத਎ʯ΍ʮ಺༰ʯͷҙຯ • ಺༰͕͋Δͱ͍͏͜ͱ͸ɼೖΕ෺ (container) ͕͋Δ 26 ⼊れ物 中⾝・内容 CD ԻָɼσΟδλϧදݱ͞ΕͨԻָԋ૗ɾύϑΥʔϚϯε DVD өըɼσΟδλϧදݱ͞Εͨө૾ ҹ࡮ॻ੶/ ࡭ࢠମ খઆɼϚϯΨͳͲ ిࢠॻ੶ খઆɼϚϯΨͳͲ

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ίϯςϯπͱ͸Կ͔ • ίϯςϯπɼContent (s) ͸ʮத਎ʯ΍ʮ಺༰ʯͷҙຯ • ಺༰͕͋Δͱ͍͏͜ͱ͸ɼೖΕ෺ (container) ͕͋Δ • ຊߨٛͰର৅ͱ͢Δίϯςϯπͱ͸ɼ ਓؒ΍૊৫౳͕ԿΒ͔ͷҙਤͷ΋ͱʹ࡞੒ͨ͠දݱ෺ͷ͜ͱ • ͨͱ͑͹ɼөըɼ࿦จɼਤॻɼه࿥จॻɼWebϖʔδɼԻָɼ ήʔϜͳͲͷஶ࡞෺ɾ੍࡞෺͸ίϯςϯπͱଊ͑Δ • ओͳର৅͸ɼωοτ্Ͱྲྀ௨͢ΔσΟδλϧܗࣜͰදݱ͞Εͨ ిࢠతͳίϯςϯπਤॻɼจॻɼWebϖʔδ౳ 27

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ίϯςϯπྲྀ௨ͱ͸Կ͔ • ఻౷తʹ͸ʮίϯςϯπΛ֨ೲͨ͠Ϟϊͷྲྀ௨ʯΛࢦ͢ • ຊɼCDɼDVDɼҹ࡮͞Ε֤ͨछνέοτ౳ • ࣮ࡍͷ঎඼Ձ஋͸ɼϞϊͰ͸ͳ͘ɼͦͷத਎ʹ͋Δ • ʮίϯςϯπྲྀ௨ʯ͸ɼத਎͚ͩ த਎ओମ Ͱྑ͍͸ͣ • ೖख΍ར༻ͷͨΊʹɼԿΒ͔ͷೖΕ෺ʹೖΕΔඞཁ͸͋Δ • ωοτ্Ͱͷίϯςϯπྲྀ௨ͱ͸ • αϒεΫϦϓγϣϯʹΑΔίϯςϯπ΁ͷʮΞΫηεݖʯ • ߤۭ݊ͷe-Ticket΍ϗςϧͷ༧໿ͳͲͷʮར༻ݖʯ • ࣌ؒ΍ۭؒΛ௒͑ͨίϯςϯπྲྀ௨ • ίϯςϯπ͕ద੾ʹอଘɾ஝ੵ͞ΕΔ͜ͱͰɼಉ࣌͡΍৔ॴʹ ͍ͳ͍ෆಛఆଟ਺ͱڞ༗͠ɼར༻͢Δ͜ͱ΋ՄೳʹͳΔ 28

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৘ใγεςϜͷ֊૚ߏ଄͔Βݟͨ ίϯςϯπྲྀ௨ ίϯςϯπͷදݱɼ ஝ੵɼྲྀ௨ɼอଘ • ΢Σϒ্Ͱྲྀ௨ͤ͞ΔίϯςϯπΛͲͷΑ͏ʹදݱɾ࣮ݱ͢Δ͔ จॻɼϋΠύʔςΩετɼϚϧνϝσΟΞจॻͳͲ • ίϯςϯπΛऩूɾ஝ੵ͠ɼఏڙ͢Δɽ • ίϯςϯπΛ௕ظʹ౉ͬͯอଘ͠ɼར༻͠ଓ͚ΒΕΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δ Πϯλʔωοτͱ World Wide Web • URI, Unicode, XML, HTMLͳͲɼϦιʔεͷදݱͱࣝผͷج൫ • http ͳͲͷϓϩτίϧ • Resource Description Framework (RDF), Dublin CoreͳͲͷ ৘ใྲྀ௨Λࢧ͑Δϝλσʔλͷ࢓૊Έ ίϯϐϡʔλ ωοτϫʔΫͷ ج൫ • ίϯϐϡʔλωοτϫʔΫͷ֊૚ߏ଄ • ίϯϐϡʔλಉ࢜ɼϓϩηεಉ࢜Λͭͳ͙ٕज़ • αʔόɾΫϥΠΞϯτϞσϧͳͲ ίϯϐϡʔλͷ ج൫ • จࣈίʔυɼσʔλܕ • ΠϝʔδσʔλɼΦʔσΟΦσʔλͷσΟδλϧදݱ • σʔλϕʔεɼΦϖϨʔςΟϯάγεςϜͳͲ 29 ຊߨٛʹ͓͚Δର৅ൣғ

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ίϯςϯπྲྀ௨Λࢧ͑Δ ৘ใٕज़ͷ֓ཁ 30

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৘ใΛه࿥͢ΔͨΊͷٕज़ • ৘ใΛه࿥͢ΔͨΊͷج൫ͱͳΔ৘ใٕज़ ü ʮจࣈʯʹΑΔه࿥ ü ه࿥ഔମͱͯ͠ͷʮࢴʯ ü ෳ੡ٕज़ͱͯ͠ͷʮҹ࡮ʯ • ه࿥ͷͨΊͷϝσΟΞ • ࢴ • ϑΟϧϜ • ࣓ؾςʔϓ • ࣓ؾσΟεΫɼޫֶσΟεΫɼϑϥογϡϝϞϦ ˞ਓ͕ؒ௚઀ಡΈॻ͖Ͱ͖Δ΋ͷͰ͖ͳ͍΋ͷ͕͋Δ σΟδλϧίϯςϯπͷه࿥ഔମ͸ػࡐΛඞཁͱ͢Δ 31

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ίϯϐϡʔλ্Ͱจࣈ΍จॻΛ දݱ͢ΔͨΊͷٕज़ • จࣈྻ (ςΩετ) ͱిࢠจॻ • ϓϨΠϯςΩετ (plain text) ͸ จࣈ จࣈίʔυ ͷฒͼ • ిࢠจॻͷಛ௃: Webϖʔδ΍WordจॻͳͲ ØϨΠΞ΢τ: ϑΥϯτɼαΠζɼจࣈ৭ɼߦؒɼϖʔδதͷ഑ஔ ØਤදɼΠϝʔδɼԻ੠ɼಈըͳͲ͕จࣈͱҰॹʹฒΜͰ͍Δ Øଞͷจॻ΁ͷϦϯΫ͕͋Δ ØϚʔΫΞοϓݴޠΛ༻͍ͨهड़: XML΍HTML 32

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33 HTML - HyperText Markup Language तۀ঺հ

ίϯςϯπྲྀ௨ج൫֓࿦

तۀՊ໨໊ίϯςϯπྲྀ௨ج൫֓࿦ Պ໨൪߸GC24501 ୯Ґ਺2.0 ୯Ґ ඪ४ཤम೥࣍2 ೥࣍ ࣌ظळC ༵࣌ݶՐ3,4 ༵࣌ݶ໦3,4 ୲౰ڭһӬ৿ ޫ੖ ୲౰ڭһ٢઒ ࣍࿠ तۀ֓ཁΠϯλʔωοτ্Ͱ͸͞·͟ ·ͳίϯςϯπ͕ఏڙ͞Ε,ͦΕΛྲྀ௨ͤ͞ΔͨΊͷ͍Ζ͍Ζ ͳγεςϜ΍αʔϏε͕ఏڙ͞Ε͍ͯΔɻຊߨٛͰ͸, …… • Web্ͰͷίϯςϯπΛهड़͢ΔͨΊͷϚʔΫΞοϓݴޠ • ༧Ίఆٛ͞Ε͍ͯΔλάΛ࢖༻͢Δɽߏ଄ͱମࡋͷ෼཭: HTMLͱCSSͰͦΕͧΕهड़ • Webϒϥ΢βʹΑΔϨϯμϦϯά • ϝλσʔλɼϋΠύʔςΩετʹΑΔϦϯΫ΍ຒΊࠐΈɼϚϧνϝσΟΞͳͲΛѻ͑Δ 2023/01/01 10:32

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34 • Web্Ͱͷσʔλަ׵ͷ ͨΊʹ༻͍ΒΕΔɼ֦ு ՄೳͳϚʔΫΞοϓݴޠ • HTMLͱಉ༷ʹɼλάΛ ༻͍ͯهड़͢Δɽ ར༻ऀ/࡞੒ऀ͕ࣗ༝ʹ λάΛઃఆՄೳ • ෳ਺ͷγεςϜ΍ਓͷؒ Ͱڞ༗͢Δ৔߹ɼλάͷ ҙຯ΍ߏ଄ͷఆ͕ٛඞཁ • ໦ߏ଄ XML - Extensible Markup Language γϥόε <Պ໨> <Պ໨൪߸>GC24501 <Պ໨໊>ίϯςϯπྲྀ௨ج൫֓࿦ <୯Ґ਺>2.0 ୯Ґ <ඪ४ཤम೥࣍>2 ೥࣍ <࣌ظ>ळC <༵࣌ݶ>Ր3,4 <༵࣌ݶ>໦3,4 <୲౰ڭһ> ࢯ໊Ӭ৿ ޫ੖ <ࢯ໊>٢઒ ࣍࿠ ୲౰ڭһ <Պ໨> <Պ໨൪߸>GC27701 <Պ໨໊>ACPC࿈ܞߨ࠲: ϥΠϒɾίϯςϯπ࿦ <୯Ґ਺>2.0 ୯Ґ <ඪ४ཤम೥࣍>2 ೥࣍ <࣌ظ>य़AB <༵࣌ݶ>ਫ5,6 <୲౰ڭһ> ࢯ໊٢઒ ࣍࿠ <ࢯ໊>৿ܧ मҰ ୲౰ڭһ γϥόε

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35 ໦ߏ଄ γϥόε <Պ໨> <Պ໨൪߸>GC24501 <Պ໨໊>ίϯςϯπྲྀ௨ج൫֓࿦ <୯Ґ਺>2.0 ୯Ґ <ඪ४ཤम೥࣍>2 ೥࣍ <࣌ظ>ळC <༵࣌ݶ>Ր3,4 <༵࣌ݶ>໦3,4 <୲౰ڭһ> ࢯ໊Ӭ৿ ޫ੖ <ࢯ໊>٢઒ ࣍࿠ ୲౰ڭһ <Պ໨> <Պ໨൪߸>GC27701 <Պ໨໊>ACPC࿈ܞߨ࠲: ϥΠϒɾίϯςϯπ࿦ <୯Ґ਺>2.0 ୯Ґ <ඪ४ཤम೥࣍>2 ೥࣍ <࣌ظ>य़AB <༵࣌ݶ>ਫ5,6 <୲౰ڭһ> ࢯ໊٢઒ ࣍࿠ <ࢯ໊>৿ܧ मҰ ୲౰ڭһ γϥόε

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ίϯϐϡʔλ্Ͱจࣈ΍จॻΛ දݱ͢ΔͨΊͷٕज़ • ిࢠจॻͷಛ௃: Webϖʔδ΍WordจॻͳͲ ØϨΠΞ΢τ: ϑΥϯτɼαΠζɼจࣈ৭ɼߦؒɼϖʔδதͷ഑ஔ ØਤදɼΠϝʔδɼԻ੠ɼಈըͳͲ͕จࣈͱҰॹʹฒΜͰ͍Δ Øଞͷจॻ΁ͷϦϯΫ͕͋Δ Ø ϚʔΫΞοϓݴޠΛ༻͍ͨهड़: XML΍HTML ิ଍ MS-Officeͷ.docx౳ͷϑΝΠϧ͸ XMLจॻΛZipѹॖͨ͠΋ͷ ࢀߟdocxϑΝΠϧͷத਎Λ೷͍ͯΈΑ͏ - mottox2 blog https://mottox2.com/posts/453 36

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ίϯςϯπͷදݱɼ஝ੵɼ ΞΫηεͷͨΊͷ৘ใٕज़ͷجૅ 37 σΟδλϧΞʔΧΠϒΛࣄྫͱͯ͠

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σΟδλϧΞʔΧΠϒͱ͸ #1 • ਤॻؗ৘ใֶ༻ޠࣙయͰ͸࣍ͷΑ͏ʹఆٛ͞Ε͍ͯΔ • ༗ܗɾແܗͷจԽࡒΛσδλϧ৘ใͱͯ͠ه࿥͠ɼྼԽͳ͘ Ӭٱอଘ͢Δͱͱ΋ʹɼωοτϫʔΫͳͲΛ༻͍ͯఏڙ͢Δ ͜ͱɽ • ओͳ୲͍ख͸ɼത෺ؗ΍ඒज़ؗɼਤॻؗɼจॻؗ ͿΜ͠ΐ͔Μ ɼ ݚڀػؔͳͲͰ͋Δɽ • ΞʔΧΠϒΛσΟδλϧԽͨ͠΋ͷΛࢦ֓͢೦ͱͯ͠ • ΞʔΧΠϒζֶ ʜʜʮݸਓ·ͨ͸૊৫͕ͦͷ׆ಈͷதͰ࡞੒ ·ͨ͸ऩड͠஝ੵͨ͠ه࿥ͷ͏ͪɼ૊৫ӡӦ্ɼݚڀ্ɼ ͦͷଞ͞·͟·ͳར༻Ձ஋ͷΏ͑ʹӬଓతʹอଘ͞ΕΔ΋ͷʯ • ͦͷͨΊͷઐ໳ػؔɼࢪઃจॻؗɼެจॻؗɼ࢙ྉؗͳͲ ग़యখ઒ઍ୅ࢠ; ߴڮ࣮; େ੢Ѫ: ʮΞʔΧΠϒࣄయʯ. େࡕେֶग़൛ձ, 2003. 38

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σΟδλϧΞʔΧΠϒαΠτͷྫ Ø ത෺ؗɼඒज़ؗ 1. จԽҨ࢈ΦϯϥΠϯ https://bunka.nii.ac.jp/ • ओͳίϯςϯπ ˠ ੈքҨ࢈ɼແܗจԽҨ࢈ɼಈըͰݟΔແܗͷจԽࡒ 2. eࠃๅ https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/ • ࠃཱจԽࡒػߏͷͭͷࠃཱത෺ؗ ౦ژࠃཱത෺ؗɼژ౎ࠃཱത෺ؗɼಸྑࠃཱ ത෺ؗɼ۝भࠃཱത෺ؗ ͱಸྑจԽࡒݚڀॴ͕ ॴଂ͢ΔࠃๅɾॏཁจԽࡒ • ߴਫ਼ࡉը૾ • ଟݴޠ ೔ຊޠɼӳޠɼதࠃޠɼؖࠃޠ ʹΑΔղઆ 39

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Ø จॻؗɼެจॻؗ ࠃཱެจॻؗ σδλϧΞʔΧΠϒ https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/ • ஜ೾ݚڀֶԂ౎ࢢ ʹݐઃ͢Δݚڀ͓Αͼڭҭػؔ౳ʹ͍ͭͯ (ত࿨47೥5݄16೔ ֳܾٞఆҊ) https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/item/1368100 40 n ۚଐࡐྉٕज़ݚڀॴͷҰ෦ɼແػࡐ෺࣭ݚڀॴ → ෺࣭ɾࡐྉݚڀػߏ (NIMS) n ࠃཱ๷ࡂՊֶٕज़ηϯλʔ → ๷ࡂՊֶٕज़ݚڀॴ n Ӊ஦։ൃࣄۀஂஜ೾Ӊ஦ηϯλʔ → Ӊ஦ߤۭݚڀ։ൃػߏ (JAXA) n ࠃཱެ֐ݚڀॴ → ࠃཱ؀ڥݚڀॴ n ߴΤωϧΪʔ෺ཧֶݚڀॴ → ߴΤωϧΪʔՃ଎ثݚڀػߏ (KEK) p ஜ೾৽େֶ (Ծশ) → p ਤॻؗ୹ظେֶ →

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Ø ਤॻؗ ࠃཱࠃձਤॻؗσδλϧίϨΫγϣϯ https://dl.ndl.go.jp/ 41 • ݹయ੶ࢿྉ (وॏॻ౳) • ਤॻ • ࡶࢽ • ྺ࢙తԻݯ • ׭ใ • ത࢜࿦จ • ݑ੓ࢿྉ • ೔ຊ઎ྖؔ܎ࢿྉ • ϓϥϯήจݿ • ࿥Իɾө૾ؔ܎ࢿྉ • ৽ฉ • ೔ܥҠຽؔ܎ࢿྉ • ଞػؔσδλϧԽࢿྉ • ಛघσδλϧίϨΫγϣϯ • ύοέʔδܥిࢠग़൛෺ • ஍ਤ • ిࢠॻ੶ɾిࢠࡶࢽ • ಺຿লݕӾൃېਤॻ

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42 ࠃཱࠃձਤॻؗɺֶҐ࿦จʢത࢜ʣͷσδλϧԽ ࣮ࢪʹ܎Δஶ࡞ݖॲཧʹ͍ͭͯൃද 2010-09-17 国立国会図書館は2010年9月17日、「学位論文（博士）のデジタル化実施に係る 著作権処理について」を記者発表しました。 これは、ࠃཱࠃձਤॻ͕ؗσδλϧԽを行う、1991೥౓͔Β2000೥౓·Ͱʹࠃཱࠃձ ਤॻؗʹૹ෇͞ΕֶͨҐ࿦จʢത࢜ʣ໿14ສ݅෼について、(1) 国立国会図書館におけ る全文複写提供及び公衆送信、(2) σδλϧԽֶͨ͠Ґ࿦จͷෳ੡෺の学位授与大学へ の譲渡、(3) 学位授与大学における (2) で譲渡された複製物のશจෳࣸఏڙٴͼެऺૹ ৴ɺͷڐ୚ΛɺֶҐ࿦จͷஶऀʹґཔ͢Δというものです。 この許諾依頼は、国立国会図書館と学位授与大学（一部を除く）が協力して行います。 ࠃཱࠃձਤॻؗɺֶҐ࿦จʢത࢜ʣͷσδλϧԽ࣮ࢪʹ܎Δஶ࡞ݖॲཧʹ͍ͭͯൃද | ΧϨϯτΞ΢ΣΞωεɾϙʔλϧ https://current.ndl.go.jp/car/16838

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Ø ਤॻؗ 5. ੨ۭจݿ https://www.aozora.gr.jp/ 43 • 1997೥ʹ૑ઃ͞ΕͨσΟδλϧΞʔΧΠϒ • ϘϥϯςΟΞ׆ಈͰɼ୭ʹͰ΋ΞΫηεͰ͖Δࣗ༝ͳిࢠຊΛɼ ڞ༗Մೳͳ΋ͷͱͯ͠ਤॻؗͷΑ͏ʹΠϯλʔωοτ্Ͱఏڙ • ςΩετܗࣜɼXHTMLϑΝΠϧܗࣜͰͷެ։ɾ഑෍ • ऩ࿥࡞඼਺: 17,455݅ • ஶ࡞ݖͳ͠: 17,020݅ ஶ࡞ऀͷࢮޙ50೥ܦաͰஶ࡞ݖ੾Ε • ஶ࡞ݖ͋Γ: 435݅ • 2022೥࣌఺Ͱɼ೥ؒ500͔Β600࡞඼Λ৽نެ։ɼ PV (ϖʔδϏϡʔ) ͸೥ؒ1,000ສճҎ্ https://www.kantei.go.jp/jp/singi/titeki2/forum/2021/siryou7.pdf

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• ಡΈ͸ʮϋʔςΟτϥετʯ·ͨ͸ʮϋοντϥετʯ • HathiTrustͷ࢖໋͸ਓྨͷ஌ࣝʹؔ͢Δه࿥ΛڞಉͰऩूɼ੔ཧɼ อଘɼ఻ୡɼڞ༗͢Δ͜ͱʹΑΓɼݚڀɼֶज़ɼͦͯ͠ެӹʹ ߩݙ͢Δ͜ͱͰ͢ɽhttps://www.hathitrust.org/mission_goals • ৅͸ܾͯ͠๨Εͳ͍ Elephants never forget. • ถࠃͷෳ਺ͷਤॻ͕ؗ Googleͱͷ࿈ܞʹΑΓଂॻͷσΟδλϧ σʔλͷఏڙΛड͚ɼ͜ΕΛدଃ͢Δ͜ͱͰɼϑϧςΩετݕࡧ౳ͷ ৘ใఏڙαʔϏεΛ࣮ݱ͢Δ (দా੓ߦ, ૿ాխ࢙. Google Booksૌুʹ͓͍ͯ ϑΣΞϢʔεΛೝΊͨχϡʔϤʔΫೆ෦஍۠࿈๜஍ࡋͷ൑அʹ͍ͭͯ. NBL. 2014, (1019), p.42-47.) • ೔ຊ͔Β͸ܚጯٛक़େֶ͕ࢀՃ͍ͯ͠Δ • https://www.hathitrust.org/member-libraries/member-list/ • https://www2.lib.keio.ac.jp/hathitrust/Keio_collection_digitized_by_Google_in_Japanese.pdf 44 Øਤॻؗ 6. HathiTrust Digital Library https://www.hathitrust.org/

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Google Books 45 https://books.google.co.jp/ • ҹ࡮ॻ੶ͷେن໛εΩϟϯ • 2010೥࣌఺Ͱ1.3ԯ࡭ • https://www.pcworld.com/arti cle/508405/google_129_millio n_different_books_have_been _published.html • 0$3ʹΑΔςΩετԽ • ݕࡧͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δ • ֘౰ՕॴΛ1%'ܗࣜͰදࣔ

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HathiTrust • ਤॻؗͷଂॻΛిࢠԽͨ͠σΟδλϧϥΠϒϥϦ • ಡΈ͸ʮϋʔςΟτϥετʯ·ͨ͸ʮϋοντϥετʯ Currently Digitized https://www.hathitrust.org/about • 17,644,487 total volumes ܭ1,700ສ࡭ • 8,434,903 book titles ਤॻ 840ສ࡭ • 466,582 serial titles ࡶࢽ 46ສ࡭ • 6,175,570,450 pages 61ԯϖʔδ • 791 terabytes 791ςϥόΠτ • 209 miles • 14,336 tons • 7,046,803 volumes (~40% of total) શମͷ40%ऑ͕Public domain in the public domain 46

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σΟδλϧΞʔΧΠϒαΠτͷྫ Ø ത෺ؗɼඒज़ؗ 1. จԽҨ࢈ΦϯϥΠϯ https://bunka.nii.ac.jp/ 2. eࠃๅ https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/ Ø จॻؗɼެจॻؗ 3. ࠃཱެจॻؗ σδλϧΞʔΧΠϒ https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/ Ø ਤॻؗ 4. ࠃཱࠃձਤॻؗσδλϧίϨΫγϣϯ https://dl.ndl.go.jp/ 5. ੨ۭจݿ Aozora Bunko https://www.aozora.gr.jp/ 6. HathiTrust Digital Library https://www.hathitrust.org/ 47

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σΟδλϧΞʔΧΠϒͱ͸ #1 • ਤॻؗ৘ใֶ༻ޠࣙయͰ͸࣍ͷΑ͏ʹఆٛ͞Ε͍ͯΔ • ༗ܗɾແܗͷจԽࡒΛσδλϧ৘ใͱͯ͠ه࿥͠ɼྼԽͳ͘ Ӭٱอଘ͢Δͱͱ΋ʹɼωοτϫʔΫͳͲΛ༻͍ͯఏڙ͢Δ ͜ͱɽ • ओͳ୲͍ख͸ɼത෺ؗ΍ඒज़ؗɼਤॻؗɼจॻؗ ͿΜ͠ΐ͔Μ ɼ ݚڀػؔͳͲͰ͋Δɽ • ΞʔΧΠϒΛσΟδλϧԽͨ͠΋ͷΛࢦ֓͢೦ͱͯ͠ • ΞʔΧΠϒζֶ ʜʜʮݸਓ·ͨ͸૊৫͕ͦͷ׆ಈͷதͰ࡞੒ ·ͨ͸ऩड͠஝ੵͨ͠ه࿥ͷ͏ͪɼ૊৫ӡӦ্ɼݚڀ্ɼ ͦͷଞ͞·͟·ͳར༻Ձ஋ͷΏ͑ʹӬଓతʹอଘ͞ΕΔ΋ͷʯ • ͦͷͨΊͷઐ໳ػؔɼࢪઃจॻؗɼެจॻؗɼ࢙ྉؗͳͲ ग़యখ઒ઍ୅ࢠ; ߴڮ࣮; େ੢Ѫ: ʮΞʔΧΠϒࣄయʯ. େࡕେֶग़൛ձ, 2003. 48

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σΟδλϧΞʔΧΠϒͱ͸ #2 • ʮ˓˓ʹ͓͚ΔίϯςϯπͷσΟδλϧԽʯγϦʔζ • ത෺ؗɼඒज़ؗ • จॻؗɼެจॻؗ • ਤॻؗ • 2010೥୅ʹى͖ͨग़དྷࣄΛड͚ͯͷมԽ • 2011೥ (ฏ੒23೥) 3݄11೔ (ۚ) ౦೔ຊେ਒ࡂ • ࡂ֐ࣗମͷه࿥΍ɼඃࡂͨ͠஍Ҭ΍ਓʑͷهԱͳͲΛ Ӭଓతʹ࢒͢͜ͱΛ໨ࢦͨ͠ಈ͖͕֦େͨ͠ • /),౦೔ຊେ਒ࡂΞʔΧΠϒεඃࡂ஍ͷূݴʛ/),ࡂ֐ΞʔΧΠϒε https://www9.nhk.or.jp/archives/311shogen/evidence/ • ͻͳ͗͘ࠃཱࠃձਤॻؗ౦೔ຊେ਒ࡂΞʔΧΠϒ https://kn.ndl.go.jp/ 49 ˞ओͳର৅͸จԽࡒ΍وॏࢿྉ

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σΟδλϧΞʔΧΠϒͱ͸ #3 • 2010೥୅ʹى͖ͨग़དྷࣄΛड͚ͯͷมԽ • 2011೥ (ฏ੒23೥) 3݄11೔ (ۚ) ౦೔ຊେ਒ࡂ • ࡂ֐ࣗମͷه࿥΍ɼඃࡂͨ͠஍Ҭ΍ਓʑͷهԱͳͲΛ Ӭଓతʹ࢒͢͜ͱΛ໨ࢦͨ͠ಈ͖͕֦େͨ͠ • ࡕਆɾ୶࿏େ਒ࡂ౰࣌ͱൺ΂ͨͱ͖ͷ৘ใ؀ڥͷҧ͍ • 1995೥ (ฏ੒7೥) 1݄17೔ (Ր) ࡕਆɾ୶࿏େ਒ࡂ • ౰࣌͸Πϯλʔωοτ͕ීٴ͍ͯ͠ͳ͔ͬͨ • ౰࣌͸4/4͕ଘࡏ͠ͳ͔ͬͨ • ౰࣌ɼεϚʔτϑΥϯ͸ͳ͍ ˠ ԰֎Ͱࣸਅ΍ಈըΛࡱΔɼൃ৴͢Δ 50

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NHK౦೔ຊେ਒ࡂΞʔΧΠϒε 51 https://www9.nhk.or.jp/archives/311shogen/evidence/

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52 災害｜NHKアーカイブス https://www.nhk.or.jp/archives/saigai/ ͻͳ͗͘ࠃཱࠃձਤॻؗ ౦೔ຊେ਒ࡂΞʔΧΠϒ https://kn.ndl.go.jp/

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ϙʔλϧαΠτ • ৘ใʹΞΫηε͢ΔͨΊͷೖΓޱ΍ى఺ͱͳΔ΢ΣϒαΠτ • Yahoo! JAPAN΍Google͸ϙʔλϧαΠτͷͻͱͭ • ʮͻͳ͗͘ʯ͸σΟδλϧΞʔΧΠϒͷϙʔλϧαΠτͷͻͱͭ 53 ౦೔ຊେ਒ࡂͷه࿥΍ڭ܇Λ࣍ੈ୅ʹ఻͑ΔͨΊʹɼʮࠃཱࠃձਤॻؗ ౦೔ຊେ਒ࡂΞʔΧΠϒʢѪশɿͻͳ͗͘ʣʯ͕ฏ੒೥݄͔Βެ։ ͞Ε͍ͯ·͢ɽ ʮͻͳ͗͘ʯ͸ࠃཱࠃձਤॻ͚ؗͩͰͳ͘ଞͷެతػؔ΍ɼใಓػؔɼ ڭҭػؔɼ/10ɾϘϥϯςΟΞஂମɼͦͷ΄͔Ұൠاۀͱ͍༷ͬͨʑͳ ຽؒஂମ͕࿈ܞ͠ɼͦΕΒ͕อ༗͢Δ਒ࡂʹؔ͢ΔԻ੠ɾಈըɼࣸਅɼ จॻͳͲͷه࿥ΛҰݩతʹݕࡧͰ͖ΔϙʔλϧαΠτͰ͢ɽ ྩ࿨೥݄ݱࡏͰɼͷσʔλϕʔε͔Β໿ສ݅ͷίϯςϯπ͕ ݕࡧՄೳʜʜ ਒ࡂͷه࿥ɾڭ܇Λ࣍ੈ୅ʹ఻͑Δ ࠃཱࠃձਤॻؗ ౦೔ຊେ਒ࡂΞʔΧΠϒ ʮͻͳ͗͘ʯ | ฻Β͠ʹ໾ཱͭ৘ใ | ੓෎޿ใΦϯϥΠϯ https://www.gov-online.go.jp/useful/article/201401/4.html#section3

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ԣஅݕࡧ 54 • ͻͳ͗͘Ͱʮຊ୨ʯͱݕࡧ͢Δͱɼෳ਺ͷҟͳΔ૊৫͕ อ༗͢Δຊ୨ͷը૾͕·ͱΊͯදࣔ͞ΕΔ • ͜ͷΑ͏ͳ࢓૊ΈΛʮԣஅݕࡧʯ΍ʮ౷߹ݕࡧʯͱݺͿ ਒ࡂͷه࿥ɾڭ܇Λ࣍ੈ୅ʹ఻͑Δ ࠃཱࠃձਤॻؗ ౦೔ຊେ਒ࡂΞʔΧΠϒ ʮͻͳ͗͘ʯ | ฻Β͠ʹ໾ཱͭ৘ใ | ੓෎޿ใΦϯϥΠϯ https://www.gov-online.go.jp/useful/article/201401/4.html#section3

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ԣஅݕࡧ 55 ΧʔϦϧ c೔ຊ࠷େͷਤॻؗଂॻݕࡧαΠτ https://calil.jp/

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ίϯςϯπྲྀ௨ͷγεςϜͷ ߏ੒ͷجૅ 56

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• ίϯςϯπͷऩूɾ஝ੵ • ը૾ɾಈըɼςΩετͳͲͷσΟδλϧσʔλΛूΊΔ • σΟδλϧԽΛߦ͏৔߹΋͋Δ ˠ ҹ࡮ॻ੶ͷεΩϟϯͳͲ • ϝλσʔλͷ࡞੒ɾ੔උ • ॻࢽ৘ใͳͲͷίϯςϯπࣗମʹؔ͢Δ಺༰ • ݕࡧͷߜΓࠐΈʹ࢖͏ཁૉʹؔ͢Δ಺༰ ˠ ͨͱ͑͹ɼ೔࣌΍৔ॴ • ղઆͳͲͷ෇ਵ͢Δ಺༰ • ΠϯλϑΣʔεͷߏஙɾఏڙ • ϒϥ΢δϯάͨ͠Γݕࡧͨ͠Γ͢ΔͨΊͷػೳ • Ӿཡ͢ΔͨΊͷػೳ ˠ ओʹ΢Σϒϒϥ΢βࣗମͷػೳ • ೖख͢ΔͨΊͷػೳ ˠ ෳ਺ϑΥʔϚοτͰͷμ΢ϯϩʔυͳͲ • ্هҎ֎ • ݸผίϯςϯπʹΞΫηε͢Δखஈͷఏڙ ˠ ࣝผࢠ΍ύʔϚϦϯΫ • σʔλΛଞͷγεςϜʹఏڙ͢Δखஈɾํ๏ ˠ ԣஅݕࡧͳͲͰඞཁ σΟδλϧΞʔΧΠϒʹ͓͚Δߏ੒ͷྫ 57

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ଞͷγεςϜͱ࿈ܞ͢Δʹ͸ 58 ਒ࡂͷه࿥ɾڭ܇Λ࣍ੈ୅ʹ఻͑Δ ࠃཱࠃ ձਤॻؗ ౦೔ຊେ਒ࡂΞʔΧΠϒ ʮͻͳ͗͘ʯ | ฻Β͠ʹ໾ཱͭ৘ใ | ੓෎޿ใ ΦϯϥΠϯ https://www.gov- online.go.jp/useful/article/201401/4.html#section3 ػؔA ػؔB ػؔC ͻͳ͗͘ σʔλΛ ΋Β͏ σʔλΛ ͋͛Δ ͜ͷͱ͖ɼ୯ʹσʔλΛ౉ͤΔ͚ͩͰ͸ͳ͘ɼ ͦΕͧΕͷγεςϜ ͜͜Ͱ͸ػؔ͝ͱͷ σΟδλϧΞʔΧΠϒ ʹґଘͤͣɼޓ׵ੑ ͷ͋Δํ๏ɾσʔλܗࣜͰ΍ΓऔΓΛ͍ͨ͠

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• ϝλσʔλͷϋʔϕεςΟϯά ऩ֭ Λߦ͏ͨΊͷ࢓૊Έ • ͦΕͧΕͷΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ΍γεςϜʹґଘ͠ͳ͍ɼ ૬ޓ࢖༻ՄೳͳϑϨʔϜϫʔΫΛఏڙ͢ΔͨΊͷ࢓૊Έ • 0"*1.)ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫͷࢀՃऀʹ͸࣍ͷ͕ͭ͋Δ • Data ProvidersσʔλఏڙऀɼσʔλΛ͋͛Δଆ • Service ProvidersαʔϏεఏڙऀɼσʔλΛ΋Β͏ଆ 0"*1.) Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting 59 ग़య: Open Archives Initiative - Protocol for Metadata Harvesting - v.2.0 https://www.nii.ac.jp/irp/archive/translation/oai-pmh2.0/OpenArchivesProtocol.htm

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60 HathiTrust OAI feed | www.hathitrust.org | HathiTrust Digital Library https://www.hathitrust.org/oai OAI-PMHͰHathiTrustͷσʔλΛऔಘ

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61 OAI-PMHͰHathiTrustͷσʔλΛऔಘ HathiTrust OAI feed | www.hathitrust.org | HathiTrust Digital Library https://www.hathitrust.org/oai Dublin Core records https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/o/oai/oai?verb=ListRecords&metadataPrefix= oai_dc&set=hathitrust:pd • ԼઢͰࣔͨ͠Օॴ͸ɼΞΫηεઌͷϕʔε63* • verb=˓˓ͷͱ͜Ζ͸ɼϦΫΤετͷछྨΛࢦఆ͍ͯ͠Δ ˠListRecords ͸ɼϝλσʔλͷϦετΛϦΫΤετ͢Δͱ͍͏ҙຯ • metadataPrefix=˓˓ͷͱ͜Ζ͸ɼϝλσʔλͷϑΥʔϚοτΛࢦఆ͍ͯ͠Δ ˠoai_dc ͸ɼDublin CoreΛࢦఆ͍ͯ͠Δ • set=˓˓ͷͱ͜Ζ͸ɼऔಘ͢ΔϨίʔυ܈ͷൣғɾ৚݅Λࢦఆ͍ͯ͠Δ ˠhathitrust:pd ͸ɼΞϝϦΧҎ֎͔Β΋ΞΫηεՄೳͳϨίʔυ͢΂ͯͷҙຯ • ͜ͷέʔεͰ͸ɼҰ౓ʹ݅ͷϨίʔυ σʔλ ͕औಘͰ͖Δ

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62 • ࣮ࡍʹΞΫηεͯ͠ɼ͠͹Β͘଴ͭͱ9.-ܗࣜͷσʔλ͕ฦ໭͞ΕΔ • ͜ͷέʔεͰ͸ɼҰ౓ʹ݅ͷϨίʔυ σʔλ ͕औಘͰ͖Δ oai:quod.lib.umich.edu:MIU01-000269215 2008-12-20T04:45:55Z hathitrust:pd "Did the Phœnicians discover America?" Embracing the origin of … [Johnston, Thomas Crawford] [San Francisco] http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015012107325 http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015012107325 eng text 2K21::20230111005708::oai_dc::::::20081220105221::JVEVKMB RFUYDANBZGQ3DGNRW::500::2380533::hathitrust:pd ᶃ ᶄ

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63 "Did the Phœnicians discover America?" Embracing the origin of … [Johnston, Thomas Crawford] [San Francisco] http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015012107325 http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015012107325 eng text ᶄ http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015012107325

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64 • ͜ͷέʔεͰ͸ɼҰ౓ʹ݅ͷϨίʔυ σʔλ ͕औಘͰ͖Δ • ݅໨Ҏ߱Λऔಘ͍ͨ͠৔߹͸ɼresumptionTokenͷ஋Λࢦఆ࣮ͯ͠ߦ͢Δ • ͜ΕΛ܁Γฦ͢͜ͱͰ9.-ܗࣜͷσʔλΛશ݅औಘ͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ 2K21::20230111005708::oai_dc::::::20081220105221::JVEVKMBRFUYDAN BZGQ3DGNRW::500::2380533::hathitrust:pd https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/o/oai/oai?verb=ListRecords&resumptionToken= 2K21::20230111024727::oai_dc::::::20081220105221::JVEVKMBRFUYDANBZGQ3 DGNRW::500::2380533::hathitrust:pd

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ࢀߟࢿྉ Further readings 65 • Ճ౻་; ٶຊོ࢙; ༄༩ࢤ෉; େ޲Ұً; Յଜ఩࿠; ෱ౡ޾޺; ླ໦਌඙; ୩઒ஐ༸; Ճ౻ݠ৴; Ѩ෦୎໵; தଜ֮; Ҵ༿͋΍߳: ʮσδλϧ࣌୅ͷΞʔΧΠϒܥේֶʯ. Έͣ͢ॻ๪, 2022. https://www.msz.co.jp/book/detail/09555/ • CA1760 – σδλϧԽࢿྉͷڞಉϦϙδτϦHathiTrust―ਤॻؗʹ ΑΔڠಉͷऔΓ૊Έ/ ాத හ | ΧϨϯτΞ΢ΣΞωεɾϙʔλϧ https://current.ndl.go.jp/ca1760 • E2525 – ܚጯٛक़େֶͷHathiTrust΁ͷՃໍ | ΧϨϯτΞ΢ΣΞωεɾϙʔλϧ https://current.ndl.go.jp/e2525

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ຊ೔ͷ·ͱΊɼ࣍ճͷ༧ఆ 66 • σΟδλϧΞʔΧΠϒͷ࣮ྫΛ௨ͯ͡ɼίϯςϯπͷදݱɼ ஝ੵɼΞΫηεͷͨΊͷ৘ใٕज़ͷجૅΛड़΂ͨ͏͑Ͱɼ ίϯςϯπྲྀ௨γεςϜͷߏ੒ͷجૅʹ͍ͭͯઆ໌ͨ͠ • σΟδλϧΞʔΧΠϒͷఆٛͱͯ͠ɼจԽࡒ΍وॏࢿྉ͔Βɼ ࡂ֐ࣗମ΍ඃࡂͨ͠஍ҬίϛϡχςΟͷه࿥ͷӬଓอଘͱ ͍ͬͨର৅ൣғͷ޿͕Γ͕ݟΒΕΔ͜ͱΛઆ໌ͨ͠ • ࣍ճ͸ɼσΟδλϧΞʔΧΠϒʹ͍ͭͯɼ ಛʹ΢ΣϒΞʔΧΠϒʹ͍ͭͯݟ͍ͯ͘༧ఆͰ͢

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ࢀߟࢿྉ ࠓ೔ͷतۀͰ͸৮Εͳ͔ͬͨσΟδλϧΞʔΧΠϒͷྫ 1. δϟύϯαʔν https://jpsearch.go.jp/ 2. ϝσΟΞܳज़σʔλϕʔε https://mediaarts-db.bunka.go.jp/ 3. ΞδΞྺ࢙ࢿྉηϯλʔ https://www.jacar.go.jp/ 4. Discover Europe’s digital cultural heritage | Europeana https://www.europeana.eu/en 5. Digital Public Library of America https://dp.la/ 6. World Digital Library, Available Online | Library of Congress https://www.loc.gov/collections/world-digital-library/ 7. Internet Archive: Digital Library of Free & Borrowable Books, Movies, Music & Wayback Machine https://archive.org/ 8. ࠃཱࠃձਤॻؗΠϯλʔωοτࢿྉऩूอଘࣄۀ WARP https://warp.ndl.go.jp/ 67

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ίϯςϯπྲྀ௨ج൫֓࿦ ஜ೾େֶਤॻؗ৘ใϝσΟΞܥ ٢઒࣍࿠[email protected] # ೔෇ ֓ཁ 3 1݄18೔ (໦) Πϯλʔωοτ্ͷίϯςϯπͱͦͷྲྀ௨ͷجૅ֓೦ɾ σΟδλϧϥΠϒϥϦͱσΟδλϧΞʔΧΠϒͷࣄྫͱجૅ֓೦ 68

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લճͷ͓͞Β͍ 69

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σΟδλϧΞʔΧΠϒͱ͸ #1 • ਤॻؗ৘ใֶ༻ޠࣙయͰ͸࣍ͷΑ͏ʹఆٛ͞Ε͍ͯΔ • ༗ܗɾແܗͷจԽࡒΛσδλϧ৘ใͱͯ͠ه࿥͠ɼྼԽͳ͘ Ӭٱอଘ͢Δͱͱ΋ʹɼωοτϫʔΫͳͲΛ༻͍ͯఏڙ͢Δ ͜ͱɽ • ओͳ୲͍ख͸ɼത෺ؗ΍ඒज़ؗɼਤॻؗɼจॻؗ ͿΜ͠ΐ͔Μ ɼ ݚڀػؔͳͲͰ͋Δɽ • ΞʔΧΠϒΛσΟδλϧԽͨ͠΋ͷΛࢦ֓͢೦ͱͯ͠ • ΞʔΧΠϒζֶ ʜʜʮݸਓ·ͨ͸૊৫͕ͦͷ׆ಈͷதͰ࡞੒ ·ͨ͸ऩड͠஝ੵͨ͠ه࿥ͷ͏ͪɼ૊৫ӡӦ্ɼݚڀ্ɼ ͦͷଞ͞·͟·ͳར༻Ձ஋ͷΏ͑ʹӬଓతʹอଘ͞ΕΔ΋ͷʯ • ͦͷͨΊͷઐ໳ػؔɼࢪઃจॻؗɼެจॻؗɼ࢙ྉؗͳͲ ग़యখ઒ઍ୅ࢠ; ߴڮ࣮; େ੢Ѫ: ʮΞʔΧΠϒࣄయʯ. େࡕେֶग़൛ձ, 2003. 70

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σΟδλϧΞʔΧΠϒαΠτͷྫ Ø ത෺ؗɼඒज़ؗ 1. จԽҨ࢈ΦϯϥΠϯhttps://bunka.nii.ac.jp/ 2. eࠃๅ https://emuseum.nich.go.jp/ Ø จॻؗɼެจॻؗ 3. ࠃཱެจॻؗ σδλϧΞʔΧΠϒ https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/ Ø ਤॻؗ 4. ࠃཱࠃձਤॻؗσδλϧίϨΫγϣϯ https://dl.ndl.go.jp/ 5. ੨ۭจݿ https://www.aozora.gr.jp/ 6. HathiTrust Digital Library https://www.hathitrust.org/ 71

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σΟδλϧΞʔΧΠϒͱ͸ #2 • ʮ˓˓ʹ͓͚ΔίϯςϯπͷσΟδλϧԽʯγϦʔζ • ത෺ؗɼඒज़ؗ • จॻؗɼެจॻؗ • ਤॻؗ • 2010೥୅ʹى͖ͨग़དྷࣄΛड͚ͯͷมԽ • 2011೥ (ฏ੒23೥) 3݄11೔ (ۚ) ౦೔ຊେ਒ࡂ • ࡂ֐ࣗମͷه࿥΍ɼඃࡂͨ͠஍Ҭ΍ਓʑͷهԱͳͲΛ Ӭଓతʹ࢒͢͜ͱΛ໨ࢦͨ͠ಈ͖͕֦େͨ͠ • /),౦೔ຊେ਒ࡂΞʔΧΠϒεඃࡂ஍ͷূݴʛ/),ࡂ֐ΞʔΧΠϒε https://www9.nhk.or.jp/archives/311shogen/evidence/ • ͻͳ͗͘ࠃཱࠃձਤॻؗ౦೔ຊେ਒ࡂΞʔΧΠϒ https://kn.ndl.go.jp/ 72 ˞ओͳର৅͸จԽࡒ΍وॏࢿྉ

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ϙʔλϧαΠτ • ৘ใʹΞΫηε͢ΔͨΊͷೖΓޱ΍ى఺ͱͳΔ΢ΣϒαΠτ • Yahoo! JAPAN΍Google͸ϙʔλϧαΠτͷͻͱͭ • ʮͻͳ͗͘ʯ͸σΟδλϧΞʔΧΠϒͷϙʔλϧαΠτͷͻͱͭ 73 ౦೔ຊେ਒ࡂͷه࿥΍ڭ܇Λ࣍ੈ୅ʹ఻͑ΔͨΊʹɼʮࠃཱࠃձਤॻؗ ౦೔ຊେ਒ࡂΞʔΧΠϒʢѪশɿͻͳ͗͘ʣʯ͕ฏ੒೥݄͔Βެ։ ͞Ε͍ͯ·͢ɽ ʮͻͳ͗͘ʯ͸ࠃཱࠃձਤॻ͚ؗͩͰͳ͘ଞͷެతػؔ΍ɼใಓػؔɼ ڭҭػؔɼ/10ɾϘϥϯςΟΞஂମɼͦͷ΄͔Ұൠاۀͱ͍༷ͬͨʑͳ ຽؒஂମ͕࿈ܞ͠ɼͦΕΒ͕อ༗͢Δ਒ࡂʹؔ͢ΔԻ੠ɾಈըɼࣸਅɼ จॻͳͲͷه࿥ΛҰݩతʹݕࡧͰ͖ΔϙʔλϧαΠτͰ͢ɽ ྩ࿨೥݄ݱࡏͰɼͷσʔλϕʔε͔Β໿ສ݅ͷίϯςϯπ͕ ݕࡧՄೳʜʜ ਒ࡂͷه࿥ɾڭ܇Λ࣍ੈ୅ʹ఻͑Δ ࠃཱࠃձਤॻؗ ౦೔ຊେ਒ࡂΞʔΧΠϒ ʮͻͳ͗͘ʯ | ฻Β͠ʹ໾ཱͭ৘ใ | ੓෎޿ใΦϯϥΠϯ https://www.gov-online.go.jp/useful/article/201401/4.html#section3

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ԣஅݕࡧ 74 • ͻͳ͗͘Ͱʮຊ୨ʯͱݕࡧ͢Δͱɼෳ਺ͷҟͳΔ૊৫͕ อ༗͢Δຊ୨ͷը૾͕·ͱΊͯදࣔ͞ΕΔ • ͜ͷΑ͏ͳ࢓૊ΈΛʮԣஅݕࡧʯ΍ʮ౷߹ݕࡧʯͱݺͿ ਒ࡂͷه࿥ɾڭ܇Λ࣍ੈ୅ʹ఻͑Δ ࠃཱࠃձਤॻؗ ౦೔ຊେ਒ࡂΞʔΧΠϒ ʮͻͳ͗͘ʯ | ฻Β͠ʹ໾ཱͭ৘ใ | ੓෎޿ใΦϯϥΠϯ https://www.gov-online.go.jp/useful/article/201401/4.html#section3

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• ίϯςϯπͷऩूɾ஝ੵ • ը૾ɾಈըɼςΩετͳͲͷσΟδλϧσʔλΛूΊΔ • σΟδλϧԽΛߦ͏৔߹΋͋Δ ˠ ҹ࡮ॻ੶ͷεΩϟϯͳͲ • ϝλσʔλͷ࡞੒ɾ੔උ • ॻࢽ৘ใͳͲͷίϯςϯπࣗମʹؔ͢Δ಺༰ • ݕࡧͷߜΓࠐΈʹ࢖͏ཁૉʹؔ͢Δ಺༰ ˠ ͨͱ͑͹ɼ೔࣌΍৔ॴ • ղઆͳͲͷ෇ਵ͢Δ಺༰ • ΠϯλϑΣʔεͷߏஙɾఏڙ • ϒϥ΢δϯάͨ͠Γݕࡧͨ͠Γ͢ΔͨΊͷػೳ • Ӿཡ͢ΔͨΊͷػೳ ˠ ओʹ΢Σϒϒϥ΢βࣗମͷػೳ • ೖख͢ΔͨΊͷػೳ ˠ ෳ਺ϑΥʔϚοτͰͷμ΢ϯϩʔυͳͲ • ্هҎ֎ • ݸผίϯςϯπʹΞΫηε͢Δखஈͷఏڙ ˠ ࣝผࢠ΍ύʔϚϦϯΫ • σʔλΛଞͷγεςϜʹఏڙ͢Δखஈɾํ๏ ˠ ԣஅݕࡧͳͲͰඞཁ σΟδλϧΞʔΧΠϒʹ͓͚Δߏ੒ͷྫ 75

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ୈ2ճͷఏग़՝୊͔Β #3 76 ॳΊͯ஌ͬͨ͜ͱɼҙ֎ʹࢥͬͨ͜ͱɼߟ͑ͨ͜ͱͳͲ • ࠓ·ͰΞʔΧΠϒͱ͸ɺϝʔϧΞϓϦͳͲͰࣗ෼༻ʹอଘ͢Δػೳఔ౓ ʹೝ͍ࣝͯ͠·͕ͨ͠ɺརศੑͷΏ͑ʹӬٱతʹอଘ͠ఏڙ͢Δ΋ͷͰ ͋Δͱ͍͏ਖ਼֬ͳఆٛ͸ॳΊͯ஌Γ·ͨ͠ • σδλϧΞʔΧΠϒͱ͍͏ݴ༿Λ஌Βͳ͍ͱࢥ͍͕ͬͯͨɺ*OTUBHSBN ͷ౤ߘΛࣗ෼ʹ͔͠ݟ͑ͳ͍Α͏ʹ͢ΔػೳʹΞʔΧΠϒͱ͍͏ͷ͕͋ ΔͷΛࢥ͍ग़͠ɺҙ֎ͱ਎ۙͳͱ͜ΖʹΞʔΧΠϒ͕ଘࡏ͍ͯ͠Δ͜ͱ Λ࣮ײͨ͠ɻ  ଞਓ͕Ӿཡɾར༻Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ௕ظతʹ࢒͢ɼݟΒΕΔঢ়ଶʹ͢Δঢ়ଶΛอͭ  ࣗ෼༻ʹอଘ͓ͯ͘͠ɼඇެ։ʹͯࣗ͠෼ͷΞΧ΢ϯτ΍ϑΥϧμʹ֨ೲ͢Δ ΞΫςΟϒͳঢ়ଶ͔Β֎͢ͱ͍͏Πϝʔδ • :PV5VCFϥΠϒ഑৴౳ͰͷʮΞʔΧΠϒʯ͸  ྫ ΞʔΧΠϒ͸࢒Γ·͔͢

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ୈ2ճͷఏग़՝୊͔Β #4 77 ॳΊͯ஌ͬͨ͜ͱɼҙ֎ʹࢥͬͨ͜ͱɼߟ͑ͨ͜ͱͳͲ • .40GGJDFͷEPDY౳ͷϑΝΠϧ͸9.-จॻΛ;JQѹॖͨ͠΋ͷͰ͋Δ ͷ͸ॳΊͯ஌ͬͨɻීஈԿؾͳ͘࢖͍ͬͯΔ΋ͷʹ΋͜Ε͸Ͳ͏͍͏ ҙຯͩΖ͏ͱٙ໰Λ࣋ͭେ੾͞ΛվΊͯײͨ͡ɻ • .40GGJDFͰ9.-จॻͰॻ͔Ε͍ͯΔ͜ͱ͸஌Βͣɺ9.-จॻΛ࢖͏ ͜ͱ͕਎ۙʹ͋Δͱ஌ΓɺΑΓৄ͘͠஌Γ͍ͨͱࢥͬͨɻ • MS-OfficeจॻͷXMLϑΥʔϚοτʹؔͯ͠͸ʮOffice Open XML Formatsೖ໳ʯͱ͍͏ղઆࢿྉ͕͋Γ·͢ɽ → https://www.youtube.com/embed/umyesjdjd14?rel=0 → https://www.antenna.co.jp/office/osinfo.html ಉࢿྉͷHTML൛ (ແྉ) • ॻ੶൛͸ɼਤ৘ਤॻؗͰआΓΔ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖·͢ (ୈ1൛)ɽ → CiNii Books https://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BA83544021 • ීஈ͔Βٙ໰Λ࣋ͭ͜ͱ͸ॏཁɽԿʹڵຯ͕͋Δ/ͳ͍Λ஌Δͷ΋େ੾

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ୈ2ճͷఏग़՝୊͔Β #5 78 ॳΊͯ஌ͬͨ͜ͱɼҙ֎ʹࢥͬͨ͜ͱɼߟ͑ͨ͜ͱͳͲ • ࠃཱࠃձਤॻ͕ؗത࢜࿦จΛऔΓѻ͍ͬͯΔ͜ͱΛ஌Βͳ͔ͬͨ • ത࢜࿦จ͕ࠃཱࠃձਤॻؗʹஷଂ͞Ε͍ͯΔ͜ͱΛॳΊͯ஌ͬͨ • ࠃཱࠃձਤॻؗͷʮؔ੢ؗʯͰอ؅͞Ε͍ͯ·͢ɽ 国立国会図書館の収集と公開状況のまとめ 送付時期 形態 保管 公開 ～大正12（1923）年8月 文部省保管時、関東大震災により消失したため、 国立国会図書館では原則所蔵せず。 大正12（1923）年9月 ～平成元（1989）年 冊子体 関西館 東京本館・関西館で 閲覧可能 平成2（1990）年 ～平成12（2000）年 デジタル （国立国会図書館により 冊子体からデジタル化） デジタル (原本は関西館にて保存。原則 利用不可) 国立国会図書館 デジタルコレクション にて閲覧可能 平成13（2001）年 ～平成24（2012）年 冊子体 関西館 東京本館・関西館で 閲覧可能 平成25（2013）年 ～現在 原則デジタル （一部冊子体あり） デジタル （冊子体は関西館にて保存） 国立国会図書館 デジタルコレクション にて閲覧可能 （冊子体は東京本館・関西館 で閲覧可能） （令和２(2020)年9月現在） ग़యԕִݚम ʮࠃ಺ത࢜࿦จ ͷௐ΂ํʯߨٛ ࢿྉ https://www.ndl. go.jp/jp/library/tr aining/remote/p df/siryo_remote_ phd.pdf

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ୈ2ճͷఏग़՝୊͔Β #6 79 ॳΊͯ஌ͬͨ͜ͱɼҙ֎ʹࢥͬͨ͜ͱɼߟ͑ͨ͜ͱͳͲ • ౦ژڭҭେֶͱͯ͠ͷલ਎ͷ΄͔ʹஜ೾৽େֶͱ͍͏໊΋͍࣋ͬͯͨ ͷ͸ॳΊͯ஌Γ·ͨ͠ɻ 1969.11 จ෦লʹஜ೾৽େֶ૑ઃ४උௐࠪձΛઃஔ 1970.05 ஜ೾ݚڀֶԂ౎ࢢݐઃ๏੒ཱ 1971.06 ౦ژڭҭେֶɺʮஜ೾৽େֶʹؔ͢ΔجຊܭըҊʯΛܾఆ 1971.07 ஜ೾৽େֶ૑ઃ४උௐࠪձɺʮஜ೾৽େֶͷ͋Γํʹ͍ͭͯʯจ෦େਉʹใࠂ 1971.10 จ෦লʹஜ೾৽େֶ૑ઃ४උձΛઃஔ 1972.05 ஜ೾ݚڀֶԂ౎ࢢʹ৽ઃҠస͢Δݚڀڭҭػؔͱͯ͠ɺஜ೾৽େֶʢԾশʣ ౳ 42ػؔΛֳܾٞఆ ࠃֶཱߍઃஔ๏ࢪߦنଇͷҰ෦Λվਖ਼͢Δলྩʢত࿨47೥จ෦লྩୈ19߸ʣ ʹΑΓ౦ژڭҭେֶʹஜ೾৽େֶ૑ઃ४උࣨΛઃஔ 1973.10 ࠃֶཱߍઃஔ๏౳ͷҰ෦Λվਖ਼͢Δ๏཯ʢত࿨೥๏཯ୈ߸ʣ ʹΑΓஜ೾େֶΛઃஔ ୈҰֶ܈ɺҩֶઐ໳ֶ܈ɺମҭઐ໳ֶ܈ٴͼෟଐਤॻؗΛ΋ͬͯ։ֶ ࡾྠ஌༤ (ΈΘ ͱ΋͓)ɺֶ௕ʹब೚ ग़య: Ԋֵ - ஜ೾େֶ https://www.tsukuba.ac.jp/about/outline-history/

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Πϯλʔωοτ্ͷίϯςϯπ ͱͦͷྲྀ௨ͷجૅ֓೦ 80

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World Wide Web #1 81 • 1990೥ʹTim Berners-LeeʹΑͬͯൃ໌͞ΕͨγεςϜ • Web͸ʮ஖ᥨͷ૥ʯͷҙຯ ը૾ͷग़య: File:Sir Tim Berners-Lee (cropped).jpg - Wikimedia Commons https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sir_Tim_Be rners-Lee_(cropped).jpg HTTP ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ ϓϩτίϧ HTML ϋΠύʔϝσΟΞ ϑΥʔϚοτ URI Ϧιʔεࣝผࢠ HTTP͸URIͰૢ࡞ର৅Λ ࢦఆ͢Δ HTMLͷϦϯΫ͸URIΛར༻͢Δ HTML͸HTTPͰ ΍ΓऔΓ͞ΕΔ WebΛࢧ͑Δ࠷΋جૅతͳٕज़ (ࢀߟ) ࢁຊཅฏ: ʮWebΛࢧ͑Δٕज़ : HTTP, URI, HTML, ͦͯ͠RESTʯ. Web+DB PressϓϥεγϦʔζ. ٕज़ධ ࿦ࣾ, 2010.

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World Wide Web #2 82 • Tim Berners-Lee͸ Ԥभݪࢠ֩ݚڀػߏ CERN ʹۈ຿͍ͯͨ͠ • ૉཻࢠʹؔ͢Δ෺ཧֶతͳݚڀΛ਺ઍɼ਺ສਓن໛Ͱ࣮ࢪ • ݚڀऀؒͰ͓ޓ͍ͷσʔλΛޮ཰Α͘ڞ༗ɾӾཡ͢Δʹ͸? ࢲ͸ιϑτ΢ΣΞΤϯδχΞͱͯ͠ɼڊେͰΤΩαΠςΟϯάͳݚڀॴʹ ੈքத͔Βू·ͬͨଟ͘ͷਓୡͱڞʹಇ͍͍ͯ·ͨ͠ɽ ൴Β͸ଟ༷ͳίϯϐϡʔλΛݚڀॴʹ࣋ͪد͖ͬͯ·ͨ͠ɽ൴Β͸ଟ༷ͳ σʔλϑΥʔϚοτ΍༷ʑͳจॻγεςϜΛར༻͍ͯ͠·ͨ͠ɽ ͦͷΑ͏ͳଟ༷ੑ͕ଘࡏ͢ΔதͰɼ΋͠ࢲ͕Կ͔Λ࡞Γ͍ͨͱࢥཱ͍ͬͨ৔߹ ͲΕ΋৽͍͠Ϛγϯʹܨ͛ͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ͔ͬͨΓɼ৽͍͠ϓϩάϥϜͷ ಈ͔͠ํΛֶ͹ͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ͔ͬͨΓɼཉ͍͠৘ใ͕৽͍͠σʔλܗࣜͰ ݟ͔ͭͬͨΓ͠·͢ɽͦͯ͠ɼ͜ΕΒ͸͢΂ͯޓ׵ੑ͕ͳ͍΋ͷͰ͢ɽ ͦΕ͸ͱͯ΋΋Ͳ͔͍͠΋ͷͰͨ͠ɽ։͖͏ΔՄೳੑʹର͢Δ΋Ͳ͔͠͞Ͱ͢ɽ ࣮ࡍʹ͸ɼͦΕΒͷϋʔυσΟεΫͷதʹ͸υΩϡϝϯτ͕͋ͬͨͷͰ͢ɽ ͨͱ͑͹ΠϯλʔωοτͷΑ͏ʹɼ΋͠Ͳ͔͜ͷڊେͳԾ૝จॻγεςϜ্ʹ ͋ͬͨͱͨ͠Βɼۤ࿑ΛͤͣʹࡁΉͰ͠ΐ͏ɽ ग़యTEDςΟϜɾόʔφʔζʹϦʔ͕ࣔ࣍͢ͷ΢Σϒ YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OM6XIICm_qo

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83 Physical Review Letters誌に5,154⼈の著者による論⽂掲載 論⽂著者数の新記録樹⽴ 2015-05-19 2015年5月14日にPhysical Review Letters誌に掲載された論文”Combined Measurement of the Higgs Boson Mass in pp Collisions at √s = 7 and 8 TeV with the ATLAS and CMS Experiments”が、これまでの論文著者数の 記録を打ち破るものであるとNature誌オンライン版で報じられています。 同論文の著者数は5,154人です。 同論文はԤभݪࢠ֩ݚڀػߏ (CERN) ͷ大型ハドロン衝突型加速器 (Large Hadron Collider: LHC) を用いた2ͭͷݚڀνʔϜの実験データに基づき、 ヒッグス粒子の高精度な質量推定を行ったものです。ߴΤωϧΪʔ෺ཧֶ ෼໺Ͱ͸1,000ਓΛ௒͑Δݚڀऀ͕ஶऀͱͯؔ͠ΘΔ࿦จ΋গͳ͘ͳ͘、 LHCによる実験に基づく論文としては過去にも3,000人前後の著者が関わる 論文が発表されていました。今回の論文の著者数が5,000人を超えたのは、 そのような大規模研究チームの成果を2つまとめて分析しているためです。 なお、ಉ࿦จ͸શମͰ33ϖʔδありますが、そのうちຊจͱҾ༻จݙ౳͸ 9ϖʔδで、24ϖʔδ͕ஶऀ໊ͱஶऀॴଐػ໊ؔͷදهにあてられています。 ग़య: Physical Review Lettersࢽʹ5,154ਓͷஶऀʹΑΔ࿦จܝࡌ ࿦จஶऀ਺ͷ৽ه࿥थཱ | ΧϨϯτΞ΢ΣΞωεɾϙʔλϧ https://current.ndl.go.jp/car/28498

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World Wide Web #3 84 Webͷେ͖͞ • “The Indexed Web contains at least 3.24 billion pages (Wednesday, 18 January, 2023). ” ग़య: WorldWideWebSize.com | The size of the World Wide Web (The Internet) https://www.worldwidewebsize.com/ • “There are over 1.5 billion websites on the world wide web today. Of these, less than 200 million are active. ” ग़య: Total number of Websites - Internet Live Stats https://www.internetlivestats.com/total-number-of-websites/ গͳ͘ͱ΋32.4ԯ݅ͷ΢Σϒϖʔδ͕ଘࡏ͢Δͱͷਪܭ݁Ռ 15ԯ݅௒ͷ΢ΣϒαΠτ͕ଘࡏ͠ɼ͏ͪ2ԯ݅Ҏ্͕ΞΫςΟϒ (2018೥6݄࣌఺)

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85 World Wide Web#4 Webͷίϯςϯπ͸มΘΓ΍͍͢ • 2003೥ʹ͓͚Δௐࠪ • 4͔݄ؒɺຖ೔72ສ݅ͷ΢ΣϒϖʔδΛର৅ʹมߋΛௐࠪͨ͠ • Webϖʔδͷ40%͕1िؒҎ಺ʹมߋ͞Εɼ.comυϝΠϯʹ ෼ྨ͞ΕΔϖʔδͷ23%͕ຖ೔มߋ͞Ε͍ͯͨ • 2014೥ʹ͓͚Δௐࠪ • 1997೥͔Β2012೥ʹެද͞Εͨ350ສ݅ͷֶज़࿦จΛର৅ʹɼ Ҿ༻͞Ε͍ͯΔ΢Σϒϖʔδ100ສ݅ͷঢ়گΛௐࠪͨ͠ • ֶज़࿦จͰҾ༻͞Ε͍ͯΔ΢Σϒϖʔδʹ͍ͭͯɼ શମͷ5෼ͷ1ʹ͓͍ͯϦϯΫ੾Ε͕ੜ͍ͯ͡Δ A large-scale study of the evolution of web pages | Proceedings of the 12th international conference on World Wide Web https://doi.org/10.1145/775152.775246 Scholarly Context Not Found: One in Five Articles Suffers from Reference Rot | PLOS ONE https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0115253

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HTTPͷεςʔλείʔυ #1 86 εςʔλείʔυ͸3ܻͷ਺ࣈͰɼઌ಄ͷܻͰ෼ྨͰ͖Δ 1XX ॲཧத • ॲཧ͕ܧଓ͍ͯ͠Δ͜ͱΛࣔ͢ 2XX ੒ޭ • ϦΫΤετ͕੒ޭͨ͜͠ͱΛࣔ͢ 3XX ϦμΠϨΫτ • ΄͔ͷϦιʔε΁ͷϦμΠϨΫτΛࣔ͢ 4XX ΫϥΠΞϯτΤϥʔ • ΫϥΠΞϯτଆͰͷΤϥʔΛࣔ͢ 5XX αʔόΤϥʔ • αʔόଆͰͷΤϥʔΛࣔ͢ (ࢀߟ) ࢁຊཅฏ: 8.3 εςʔλείʔυͷ෼ྨͱҙຯ, ʮWebΛࢧ͑Δٕज़ : HTTP, URI, HTML, ͦͯ͠RESTʯ. Web+DB PressϓϥεγϦʔζ. ٕज़ධ࿦ࣾ, 2010.

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HTTPͷεςʔλείʔυ #2 87 4XX ΫϥΠΞϯτΤϥʔ • 404Not Found  ࢦఆͨ͠Ϧιʔε͕ଘࡏ͠ͳ͍ ϦΫΤετ Ϩεϙϯε ΫϥΠΞϯτ αʔό Not Found The requested URL was not found on this server. Page Not Found. ͪ͜Βଆʹ໰୊͋Γ ஜ೾େֶͷ΢ΣϒαΠτ

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HTTPͷεςʔλείʔυ #3 88 5XX αʔόΤϥʔ • 503Service (Temporarily) Unavailable αʔϏε Ұ࣌ ఀࢭ ϦΫΤετ Ϩεϙϯε ΫϥΠΞϯτ αʔό Service Unavailable The server is temporarily unable to service your request due to maintenance downtime or capacity problems. Please try again later ͪ͜Βଆʹ໰୊͋Γ αʔό͕ϝϯςφϯεத΍աෛՙͰ͋ΔͳͲͷཧ༝ʹΑΓ Ұ࣌తʹΞΫηεͰ͖ͳ͍

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HTTPͷεςʔλείʔυ #4 89 5XX αʔόΤϥʔ • 500Internal Server Error  αʔό಺෦Τϥʔ Internal Server Error The server encountered an internal error or misconfiguration and was unable to complete your request. Please contact the server administrator, root@localhost and inform them of the time the error occurred, (লུ) ϦΫΤετ Ϩεϙϯε ΫϥΠΞϯτ αʔό ͪ͜Βଆʹ໰୊͋Γ αʔόଆͰҟৗ͕ੜ͍ͯͯ͡ɼਖ਼ৗͳϨεϙϯεΛฦͤͳ͍ ΢Σϒϓϩάϥϛϯάͷܦݧ͕͋Δਓ͸υΩοͱ͢Δը໘͔΋

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ิ଍1೥લͷఏग़՝୊͔Β 90 HTTPεςʔλείʔυͷ200൪୆ʹ͍ͭͯɺ੒ޭͨ͠ͷͰ͋Ε͹ ͜Ε͸Ͳ͜ʹදࣔ͞ΕΔͷͩΖ͏͔? ݟͨ͜ͱ͕ͳ͍͕ɻ ਓؒʹͱͬͯ͸ཪͰ΍ΓऔΓ͞Ε͍ͯΔ৘ใͳͷͰɼҙࣝͮ͠Β͍Ͱ͢ΑͶɽ ͨͱ͑͹ɼGoogle Chromeͷ৔߹ɼදࣔ > ։ൃ/؅ཧ > σϕϩούʔɾπʔϧ Λ։͖ɼ NetworkͷλϒΛબ୒ͨ͠ঢ়ଶͰϒϥ΢δϯά͢Δͱ֬ೝͰ͖·͢Αɽ

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σΟδλϧϥΠϒϥϦͱ σΟδλϧΞʔΧΠϒͷࣄྫͱ جૅ֓೦ 91 લճͷतۀ಺༰ͷଓ͖ɽ΢ΣϒΞʔΧΠϒΛத৺ʹ

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΢ΣϒΞʔΧΠϏϯά / Web archiving কདྷͷར༻ͷͨΊʹ ΢Σϒ্Ͱެ։͞ΕͨίϯςϯπΛऩू͠ อଘ͢Δ׆ಈɽ େ͖͘બ୒తऩूͱόϧΫऩूͱʹ෼͔ΕΔɽબ୒తऩू͸ ಛఆͷαΠτ୯Ґ΍ओ୊୯ҐͰऩू͢Δ͜ͱͰ͋Γɼ όϧΫऩू͸ࠃશମ΍΢ΣϒશମΛର৅ͱͯ͠ऩू͢Δ͜ͱ ٕज़తʹ͸όϧΫऩूͷํ͕༰қͰ͋Δɽ ࠷େͷ΢ΣϒΞʔΧΠϒͱͯ͠ɼ΢ΣϒશମͷόϧΫऩूΛߦ͏ ʮΠϯλʔωοτɾΞʔΧΠϒ (Internet Archive)ʯ͕͋Δɽ ೔ຊͰ͸ࠃཱࠃձਤॻ͕ؗʮΠϯλʔωοτࢿྉऩूอଘ ࣄۀ (WARP)ʯͱͯ͠ެతػؔΛத৺ͱͨ͠બ୒తऩूΛ ߦͳ͍ͬͯΔɽ ΢Σϒίϯςϯπͷେن໛ͳऩू΍ఏڙΛ࣮ݱ͢ΔͨΊʹɼ ஶ࡞ݖ๏ͳͲͷվਖ਼Λߦͬͨࠃ΋ଟ͍ɽ ग़య: ೔ຊਤॻؗ৘ใֶձ༻ޠࣙయฤूҕһձ:ʮਤॻؗ৘ใֶ༻ޠࣙయʯ. ؙળग़൛, ୈ5൛, 2020. 92

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Internet Archive • 1996೥ʹઃཱ͞ΕͨඇӦརஂମ • ΢ΣϒαΠτͦͷଞͷจԽతϦιʔεΛσδλϧܗࣜͰอଘ • ϛογϣϯ͸ʮ͋ΒΏΔ஌ࣝ΁ͷϢχόʔαϧΞΫηεʯΛ ఏڙ͢Δ͜ͱ ग़య: Internet Archive: About IA https://archive.org/about/ Internet Archive: Petabox https://archive.org/web/petabox.php 93 ऩूɾอଘ͍ͯ͠Δίϯςϯπͷن໛ɾ༰ྔ • 7,350ԯͷ΢Σϒϖʔδ • 4,100ສ࡭ͷॻ੶ͱςΩετɼ 1,470ສ݅ͷΦʔσΟΦɼ840ສຊͷϏσΦ • 440ສຕͷը૾ɼ89ສ݅ͷιϑτ΢ΣΞϓϩάϥϜ 57PB (PetaBytes) ˞2022年12⽉時点 42PB

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Internet Archive “Wayback Machine”94 Կ͕Ͱ͖Δ ˠੲͷ΢ΣϒϖʔδͷӾཡ ࢖͍ํɾૢ࡞ํ๏ʹ͍ͭͯ͸ɼҎԼͷϖʔδ͕ৄ͍͠ɽ • Internet ArchivelWayback Machinez | ੈքͷ΢ΣϒΞʔΧΠϒʛ ࠃཱࠃձਤॻؗΠϯλʔωοτࢿྉऩूอଘࣄۀ https://warp.da.ndl.go.jp/contents/reccommend/world_wa/world_ wa02.html https://web.archive.org/

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95 1. ஜ೾େֶ www.tsukuba.ac.jp • 1997೥2݄6೔࣌఺Ͱͷτοϓϖʔδ? 2. ֶྨ • ৘ใϝσΟΞ૑੒ֶྨwww.mast.tsukuba.ac.jp • 2007೥4݄ʹ1ظੜ͕ೖֶɼॳظͷΩϟονίϐʔ • ิ଍Internet ArchiveɺFlashίϯςϯπΛΞʔΧΠϒ ϓϥάΠϯͳ ͠Ͱ21೥Ҏ߱΋ӾཡՄೳʹ - ITmedia NEWS • ஌ࣝ৘ใɾਤॻֶؗྨwww.klis.tsukuba.ac.jp 3. X (چTwitter) www.twitter.com • 2006೥7݄ʹαʔϏε։࢝ Wayback MachineΛૢ࡞͢Δ1 ݱࡏ΋ଘࡏ͢Δ΢ΣϒαΠτ΢Σϒϖʔδͷաڈͷ಺༰ΛӾཡ͢Δ ■ ■ ■

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96 4. Yahoo! JAPAN • www.yahoo.co.jp 5. Apple • www.apple.com • www.apple.com/iphone/ • ॳ୅iPhone: 2007೥6݄ʹΞϝϦΧ߹ऺࠃͰൃച͞Εͨ • iPhone 3G: ೔ຊͰॳΊͯൢച͞ΕͨiPhone (2008೥7݄) Wayback MachineΛૢ࡞͢Δ2 ݱࡏ΋ଘࡏ͢Δ΢ΣϒαΠτ΢Σϒϖʔδͷաڈͷ಺༰ΛӾཡ͢Δ ■ ■ ■

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97 Wayback MachineΛૢ࡞͢Δ3 6. ਤॻؗ৘ใେֶwww.ulis.ac.jp • University of Library and Information Science • ʮਤॻؗ৘ใେֶ͸2002೥10݄1೔ʹߦΘΕͨஜ೾େֶͱͷ ౷߹ʹ൐͍ɼ2004೥3݄31೔Λ΋ͬͯดֶ͠·ͨ͠ɽʯ ˒ ݸਓͷϖʔδ -> ݸਓͷϖʔδ ໨࣍ ˒ʮஜ೾େֶͱͷ౷߹ʹ͍ͭͯʯ • https://web.archive.org/web/20020602111459/http://www.ulis.ac.jp:80/ jindex.html • ࡏֶੜɾଔۀੜͷΈͳ͞Μ΁߹ҙॻ ݱࡏ͸ଘࡏ͠ͳ͍΢ΣϒαΠτ΢Σϒϖʔδͷաڈͷ಺༰ΛӾཡ͢Δ ■

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98 ༨ஊ:ਤॻؗ৘ใେֶ ͚͍Γ͢य़೔͞Μ͸TwitterΛ࢖͍ͬͯ·͢ (2023೥1݄9೔) : ʮ੒ਓΛܴ͑ͨ Έͳ͞Μɺ੒ਓࣜʹग़੮͍ͯ͠ΔΈͳ͞Μɺ͓ΊͰͱ͏͍͟͝·͢ʂʂ ͱ ৺ͷதͰ͓ॕ͍͍ͯ͠Δਤ৘େͷุ͓ɻ https://t.co/toIe3k12YZʯ / Twitter https://twitter.com/klis_kasuga/status/1612329505254932480

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99 ਤॻؗ৘ใେֶه೦ൾ ͋ΒΏΔ஌ࣝɾ৘ใΛҰಊʹूੵ͠ɺ͜ΕΛ׆༻ ͢Δ͜ͱ͸ਓྨͷӬ͍ເͰ͋Γɺཧ૝Ͱ͋ͬͨɻ ਤॻؗ৘ใେֶ͸ɺେਖ਼े೥։ઃͷจ෦লਤॻؗһ ڭशॴ ਤॻؗߨशॴ ɺਤॻؗ৬һཆ੒ॴɺ ਤॻؗ୹ظେֶΛલ਎ͱ͠ɺ৽͍࣌͠୅ʹԠ͑Δ΂͘ɺ ত࿨ޒे࢛೥͜͜ஜ೾ͷ஍ʹ։ֶͨ͠ɻ ฏ੒े࢛೥े݄ʹ͞ΒͳΔൃలΛ໨ࢦ͠ ஜ೾େֶͱ౷߹ɺฏ੒े࿡೥ࡾ݄Λ΋ͬͯɺ ೋेޒ೥ͷྺ࢙Λดͨ͡ɻ ͜ͷؒɺֶ෦ֶੜࡾઍޒඦޒेࡾ໊ɺઐ߈Պֶੜࡾे ۝໊ɺେֶӃֶੜ࢛ඦ۝ेീ໊Λܴ͑ҭΉͱͱ΋ʹɺ ਤॻؗ৘ใֶͷܗ੒ͱൃలʹେ͖͘د༩ͨ͠ɻ ͜͜ʹه೦͠ɺൾΛݐͯΔɻ ฏ੒े࿡೥ࡾ݄ ਤॻؗ৘ใେֶ ༨ஊ:ਤॻؗ৘ใେֶ ଓ͖ • େਖ਼10೥ = 1921೥ • ত࿨54೥ = 1979೥ • ฏ੒14೥ = 2002೥ • ฏ੒16೥ = 2004೥

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100 Wayback MachineΛૢ࡞͢Δ4 7. ΍ͬͯΈΑ͏ݚڀॴwww.yattemiyou.net • ʮͱʹ͔͍͘Ζ͍Ζͳ͜ͱΛ΍ͬͯΈ·͢ɻ ΍ͬͯΈΑ͏ਫ਼ਆͷҭ੒Λ໨తͱͨ͠ݚڀॴͰ͢ɻʯ ˒ ମݧใࠂ -> ʮശஉʯɼʮক܉༷ͷࠃ΁ʯɼ ʮӈཌྷͷ֗એंʹ৐ͤͯ΋Βͬͨʂʯ΄͔ • © Taro Tezuka ݱࡏ͸ଘࡏ͠ͳ͍΢ΣϒαΠτ΢Σϒϖʔδͷաڈͷ಺༰ΛӾཡ͢Δ ■

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101 2024೥1݄17೔࣌఺Ͱͷ ΍ͬͯΈΑ͏ݚڀॴ • Ҏલͱ͸໌Β͔ʹҟͳΔίϯςϯπ͕දࣔ͞Ε͍ͯΔ • ݩʑͷ΢ΣϒαΠτ࡞੒ऀ͕ɼऔಘͨ͠υϝΠϯ໊Λ ख์͍ͯ͠Δ ˠ8FCͷίϯςϯπ͸มΘͬͨΓফࣦͨ͠Γ͢Δ www.yattemiyou.net ʮҙ֎ͱਏ͘ͳ͔ͬͨۚܽੜ׆ʯ

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αʔϏεࣗମͷऴྃʹΑΔେྔফࣦ1102 • 「Yahoo! δΦγςΟʔζʯͱ͍͏ WebαΠτ࡞੒αʔϏε͕2019೥3݄ ຤Λ΋ͬͯऴྃɽΞΫηεෆೳʹɽ • σʔλ͕͢΂ͯ࡟আ͞Εͨ͜ͱͰɼ ίϯςϯπ͕શ໓ͨ͠ɽ • ಉ༷ͷέʔεͱͯ͠ɼ2010೥10݄຤ ʹ͸ָఱ͕ఏڙ͍ͯͨ͠infoseek isweb͕ऴྃɽίϯςϯπ͕શ໓ͨ͠ɽ • ʮYahoo!δΦγςΟʔζʯऴྃ ʮوॏͳࢿྉফ͑ͨʯ──ωοτ͔Β ੯͠Ή੠ - ITmedia NEWS https://www.itmedia.co.jp/news/articles/1904/01/new s095.html • ʲ΍͡͏·WatchʳΠϯϑΥγʔΫͷແྉHP αʔϏεʮiswebϥΠτʯαʔϏεऴྃ ΄͔ - INTERNET Watch Watch https://internet.watch.impress.co.jp/docs/yajiuma/403 946.html

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103 https://web.archive.org/web/20010926042147/http://geocities.yahoo.co.jp/ αʔϏεࣗମͷऴྃʹΑΔେྔফࣦ2

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104 https://web.archive.org/web/2003 1124231618/http://isweb.www.inf oseek.co.jp/ αʔϏεࣗମͷऴྃʹΑΔେྔফࣦ3

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อଘ͍ͨ͠΢Σϒϖʔδ͕͋Δͱ͖͸ 105 • อଘର৅͸ࢦఆ͞Εͨϖʔδͱͦͷؔ࿈ϑΝΠϧͷΈ • ͦͷ΢ΣϒαΠτ΍υϝΠϯ୯ҐͰίϯςϯπΛ͢΂ͯ อଘ͢Δ΋ͷͰ͸ͳ͍ • ΫϩʔϥʹΑΔऩू͕ېࢭɾڋ൱͞Ε͍ͯΔ৔߹͸ɼ อଘ͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ͳ͍ • ΞΧ΢ϯτΛ࡞੒ͷ͏͑ɼϩάΠϯͯ͠࢖͏ͱɼ My web archivesͳͲͷศརͳػೳ͕࢖͑Δ ແྉ 以下のページにアクセスし，Save Page Nowを実⾏ Wayback Machine https://web.archive.org/save/

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ΫϩʔϥʹΑΔऩूΛ੍ޚ͢Δʹ͸ 106 • Wayback MachineͷSave Page Nowͷػೳ → ΫϩʔϥʹΑΔ ऩू͕ېࢭɾڋ൱͞Ε͍ͯΔ৔߹͸ɼอଘ͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ͳ͍ • WebΫϩʔϥ (Crawler) ͱ͸ɼWebαΠτΛࣗಈతʹ८ճͯ͠ ίϯςϯπΛऩूɾ੔ཧ͢ΔϓϩάϥϜͷ͜ͱ • ྫ: Google͕ӡ༻͍ͯ͠ΔGooglebot • ྫ: Internet Archive͕ӡ༻͍ͯ͠Δia_archiver • ΫϩʔϥʹΑΔ८ճɾऩूͷՄ൱Λࢦఆ͢Δํ๏ 1. ର৅ϖʔδ಺ͷmetaλάͰࢦఆ͢Δ 2. robots.txt ʹهड़͢Δ 3. .htaccess Ͱ੍ޚ͢Δ ಛఆͷIPΞυϨεͷΈڐՄɼύεϫʔυΛઃఆ ࢀߟϩϘοτΛഉআ͢Δʹ͸ https://oku.edu.mie-u.ac.jp/~okumura/xhtml/robots.html

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Internet Archiveͷ࡟আ / আ֎ରԠ 107 • ΞʔΧΠϒ͕࢒͍ͬͯΔ͜ͱ͕޷·͘͠ͳ͍৔߹΋͋Δ ͨͱ͑͹ɾɾɾ • ஶ࡞ݖͷݖར৵֐ͳͲʹ֘౰͢Δ৔߹ • ৘ใ࿙ӮͳͲʹ֘౰͢Δ৔߹ݸਓ৘ใ΍ύεϫʔυ౳ • ʮ๨ΕΒΕΔݖརʯ • ༗֐ͳίϯςϯπʹ֘౰͢Δ৔߹ • ͦͷଞɼݸਓతʹຣফ͍ͨ͠৔߹ ͍ΘΏΔʮࠇྺ࢙ʯͳͲ • ΞʔΧΠϒ͞ΕͨίϯςϯπΛ࡟আআ֎͢Δ͜ͱ΋Մೳ • ࡟আ͍ͨ͠ΞʔΧΠϒͷ63*ͱظؒΛ֬ೝ͢Δ • ݱࡏͷͦͷϖʔδʹɼ࡞ऀ ࣗ෼ ͱϝʔϧΞυϨεΛ໌ه͢Δ • ϖʔδʹهࡌͨ͠ϝʔϧΞυϨε͔Β࡟আਃ੥ͷϝʔϧΛૹΔ • αʔό্ʹwaybackverify.txtΛઃஔ͢Δ˞ઃஔͰ͖ΔຊਓͰ͋Δ ࢀߟ: web.archive.org ͔ΒαΠτΛআ֎͢Δ(ྩ࿨࠷৽൛) https://zenn.dev/okuoku/articles/c86a3278ed7648 ࢀߟ: ΠϯλʔωοτΞʔΧΠϒͷաڈϖʔδΛ࡟আͯ͠Έͨ࣌ͷํ๏ | MY-TERRACEʢϚΠςϥεʣ https://my-terrace.com/ia_archive_del/

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Internet ArchiveҎ֎ͷαʔϏεྫ 2. ΢Σϒڕ୓ 108 https://megalodon.jp/

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Internet ArchiveҎ֎ͷαʔϏεྫ 3. Software Heritage https://www.softwareheritage.org/ 109 • ιϑτ΢ΣΞͷιʔείʔυ͸ զʑͷจԽҨ࢈ͷҰ෦Ͱ͋Γɼ Ӭଓతʹอଘ͢Δඞཁ͕͋Δ • ιϑτ΢ΣΞͷྺ࢙Λอଘ͢Δ ͜ͱ͸ɼݚڀͷ࠶ݱੑΛߴΊɼ ࣾձʹ͓͍ͯ๬·͘͠ɼ҆શͳ ιϑτ΢ΣΞΛ࡞੒͢Δ͏͑Ͱ ॏཁͳखஈʹͳΔ

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3. Software Heritage 110 https://archive.softwareheritage.org/

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3. Software Heritage 111 https://archive.softwareheritage.org/ ʮGoogle Codeʯɺ2016೥1݄25೔ʹด࠯΁ GitHub΁ͷҠߦΛ঑ྭ ถGoogle͸3݄12೔ʢݱ஍࣌ؒʣɺ։ൃऀ޲͚ʹAPIͳͲΛఏڙͨ͠ΓɺΦʔϓϯιʔε ϓϩδΣΫτΛϗεςΟϯά͢ΔαʔϏεʮGoogle CodeʯΛདྷ೥1݄ʹด࠯͢Δͱൃද ͨ͠ɻಉ೔ɺ৽ͨͳϓϩδΣΫτͷ࡞੒͸Ͱ͖ͳ͘ͳͬͨɻ Google͸2006೥ɺΦʔϓϯιʔεϓϩδΣΫτࢧԉΛ໨తʹ͜ͷαΠτΛ։ઃ͕ͨ͠ɺ ͦͷޙɺGitHub΍BitbucketͷΑ͏ͳϓϩδΣΫτϗεςΟϯάαʔϏε্ཱ͕ͪ͛ΒΕɺ ଟ਺ͷϓϩδΣΫτ͕ͦΕΒͷαʔϏεʹҠߦ͍ͯͬͨ͠ɻ Google͸ɺGoogle Code্ͷϓϩδΣΫτʹ઎ΊΔεύϜ΍ѱ࣭ͳ΋ͷͷ཰͕ߴ·ͬͯ ͖͍ͯΔ͜ͱ΋ด࠯ͷཧ༝ͷ1ͭͩͱઆ໌͢Δɻ Googleࣗ਎͸طʹɺࡢ೥10݄ʹಉࣾͷAPI܈ͷGitHub΁ͷҠߦΛ։࢝͠ɺ Google Code্ͷϓϩδΣΫτΛౚ͍݁ͯ͠Δɻ ग़య: ʮGoogle Codeʯɺ2016೥1݄25೔ʹด࠯΁ GitHub΁ͷҠߦΛ঑ྭ - ITmedia NEWS https://www.itmedia.co.jp/news/articles/1503/13/news055.html ͜͜Ͱ΋αʔϏεࣗମͷऴྃʹΑΔେྔফࣦ͕ɾɾɾ

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΢ΣϒΞʔΧΠϒʹอଘɾ஝ੵ ͞Εͨίϯςϯπͷར׆༻ 112

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΢ΣϒΞʔΧΠϒͷίϯςϯπ͸ ͲΜͳ৔໘Ͱ໾ʹཱͭͷ͔ աڈͷίϯςϯπͦΕࣗମʹՁ஋͕͋Δ৔߹ • ७ਮʹ໘ന͍ɼڵຯਂ͍ • ͔ͭͯଘࡏͨ͠૊৫ͳͲͷ৘ใ͕ݟΒΕΔ఺͕༗ӹ • ύϯσϛοΫ͕աڈͷग़དྷࣄͱͳͬͨະདྷʹ͓͍ͯɼ ೔ຊࠃ಺Ͱͷॳظͷঢ়گ΍ରԠΛ஌Γ͍ͨͱ͖͸ େֶͷରԠ΍Ҋ಺͕ͲΜͳ͔ͩͬͨΛௐ΂͍ͨͱ͖͸ େֶ͝ͱʹͲΜͳҧ͍͕͔͋ͬͨΛௐ΂͍ͨͱ͖͸ 113

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ূڌɼࠜڌɼ৘ใݯͱͯ͠ͷՁ஋͕͋Δ৔߹ 1. ࡋ൑Ͱͷ༗ޮͳূڌͱͯ͠ೝΊΒΕͨέʔεࠃ֎ฤ 114 Internet ArchiveͷʮWayback Machineʯ͕อଘ͍ͯ͠Δ΢Σϒϖʔδʹ๏తͳূڌೳྗ͕ ͋Δ͜ͱΛɺถࠃͷࡋ൑ॴ͕ೝΊΔͱ͍͏ըظతͳ൑ܾ͕Լ͞Εɺւ֎Ͱ࿩୊ʹͳ͍ͬͯΔɻ ͜Ε͸ӳThe Registerࢴ͕ใ͍ͯ͡Δ΋ͷͰɺΠλϦΞͰൃੜͨ͠େن໛ͳΦϯϥΠϯ࠮ٗʹ ͓͍ͯɺWayback Machineʹอଘ͞Ε͍ͯͨ౰࣌ͷαΠτΛ౰ہ͕ূڌͱͯ͠ถࠃͷࡋ൑ॴ ʹఏग़ͨ͠ͱ͜Ζɺ๏తͳূڌೳྗ͋ΓͱೝΊΒΕͨͱ͍͏΋ͷɻ ༰ٙऀͷୁัޙʹΦϯϥΠϯ࠮ٗͷূڌͱͳΔαΠτ͕ফ໓ͨͨ͠ΊɺWayback Machineʹ པΒ͟ΔΛಘͳ͔ͬͨͱ͍͏ࣄ৘͕͋ͬͨΑ͏͕ͩɺաڈʹ͸Wayback Machineʹূڌೳྗ ͳ͠ͱΈͳ͞Εͨέʔε΋͋ͬͨͨΊɺࠓճͷ൑ܾ͸ըظతͱ΋ݴ͑Δ಺༰ͩɻ ग़య: Internet ArchiveͷʮWayback Machineʯɺถࠃͷࡋ൑ॴ͔Β๏తͳূڌೳྗΛೝΊΒΕΔʲ΍͡͏·Watchʳ - INTERNET Watch https://internet.watch.impress.co.jp/docs/yajiuma/1141734.html ΢ΣϒΞʔΧΠϒͷίϯςϯπ͸ ͲΜͳ৔໘Ͱ໾ʹཱͭͷ͔

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ূڌɼࠜڌɼ৘ใݯͱͯ͠ͷՁ஋͕͋Δ৔߹ 1. ࡋ൑Ͱͷ༗ޮͳূڌͱͯ͠ೝΊΒΕͨέʔεࠃ಺ฤ 115 ΢ΣϒϖʔδͷεΫϦʔϯγϣοτΛه࿥͓ͯ͘͠αʔϏεʮ΢Σϒڕ୓ʯɻ ӡӦձࣾ͸૑ۀ೥໨Λܴ͑·͕͢ɺͣͬͱແआۚܦӦΛଓ͚͍ͯΔͦ͏Ͱ͢ɻ ଟ͘ͷϢʔβʔʹѪ͞Εɺ༗ྉ՝ۚ΋޷ௐͳ͕Β஍ಓʹาΈΛ͢͢ΊΔͦͷཧ༝ͱ͸ʔʔɻ ʔʔͦΕ͸Ͳ͏͍ͬͨχʔζ͔Β࢖ΘΕ͍ͯΔΜͰ͠ΐ͏͔ɻ ৽প͞Μɿ͍ΖΜͳཧ༝͕͋Γ·͕͢ɺ୅දతͳͷ͸ূڌͱͯ͠࢖͏ύλʔϯͰ͢ɻ ͨͱ͑͹ૌুʹؔΘΔࢿྉΛ࣮֬ʹอଘ͓͖͍ͯͨ͠ɺͱ͍͏ͱ͜Ζ΋͋Γ·͢ɻ ϖʔδͷεΫγϣΛࣗ෼Ͱࡱ͓ͬͯ࣋ͬͯ͘ͷͰ͸ͳͯ͘ɺڕ୓Ͱࡱ͓͍ͬͯͨ΄͏͕ ࢿྉͱͯ͠༗ޮͱΈͳ͞ΕΔΑ͏Ͱ͢ɻหޢ࢜ͷઌੜ͔Β΋ͦ͏͍͏ཧ༝Ͱ࢖͍ͬͯͯɺ ʮॿ͔͍ͬͯ·͢ʯͱ͓ฉ͖͠·ͨ͠ɻ ग़య: ʮےτϨ͕޷͖͔ͩΒɺͣͬͱແआۚܦӦͳΜͰ͢ʯ΢Σϒڕ୓ͷ૑ۀऀɺ ελʔτΞοϓΛޠΔ | Coral Capital https://coralcap.co/2022/09/web-gyotaku-02/

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寿命 [編集] (লུ) Πψ͸10ࡀʹͳΔͱ࿝ݘͷҬʹͳΓ12ࡀ͔Β20ࡀఔ౓·Ͱੜ͖Δɻͨͩ͠ݘछ΍ੜҭ؀ڥ ʹΑͬͯ΋ҟͳΓɺجຊతʹେܕݘͷ΄͏͕খܕݘΑΓ΋୹໋Ͱ͋Δɻ (লུ) ͔ͭͯΪωεϒοΫʹͯɺ2010೥10݄͔Β2011೥12݄ʹֻ͚ͯʮੜଘ͢Δੈք࠷ߴྸͷ Πψʯͱೝఆ͞Ε͍ͯͨಢ໦ݝࡏॅͷࡶछݘϓʔεέ͸[17]ɺ2011೥12݄5೔ͷࢮ຅࣌఺Ͱ 26ࡀ9ϲ݄[18] Ͱ͋Γɺਓؒͷ೥ྸͰ׵ࢉ͢Δͱ125ࡀҎ্ͱਪఆ͞Εͨɻ 116 ূڌɼࠜڌɼ৘ใݯͱͯ͠ͷՁ஋͕͋Δ৔߹ 2. Wikipediaهࣄʹ͓͚Δ৘ใݯͱͯ͠׆༻͞Ε͍ͯΔέʔε Πψ - Wikipedia https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%8C 出典 [編集] 1.^ Macdonald, David; Claudio Sillero-Zubiri (2004). The Biology and Conservation of Wild Canids. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 45-46. ISBN 0198515561 2. ^ a b Anthea Gentry, Juliet Clutton-Brock, Colin P. Groves, “The naming of wild animal species and their domestic derivates,” Journal of Archaeological Science, Volume 31, Issue 5, Elsevier, 2004, Pages 645-651. (লུ) 17.^ l- Explore Records - Guinness World Records”. 2014೥4݄8೔࣌఺ͷΦϦδφϧΑΓΞʔΧΠϒɻ 2011೥10݄7೔Ӿཡɻ

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117 ग़య [編集] (লུ) 17.^ l- Explore Records - Guinness World Records”. 2014೥4݄8೔࣌఺ͷΦϦδφϧΑΓΞʔΧΠϒɻ 2011೥10݄7೔Ӿཡɻ https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world- records/oldest-dog-living/ The oldest living dog is 'Pusuke' (Japan, b. 1 April 1985), a male cross breed owned by Yumiko Shinohara (Japan) in Sakura, Tochigi, Japan. Pusuke is 50 cm (1 ft 7 in) tall, 70 cm (2 ft 3 in) long and weighs 12.6 kg. https://web.archive.org/web/20140408091329/http://www. guinnessworldrecords.com/records-1000/oldest-dog-living/ ͔ͭͯΪωεϒοΫʹͯɺ2010೥10݄͔Β2011೥12݄ʹֻ͚ͯʮੜଘ͢Δੈք࠷ߴྸͷ Πψʯͱೝఆ͞Ε͍ͯͨಢ໦ݝࡏॅͷࡶछݘϓʔεέ͸[17]ɺ ূڌɼࠜڌɼ৘ใݯͱͯ͠ͷՁ஋͕͋Δ৔߹ 2. Wikipediaهࣄʹ͓͚Δ৘ใݯͱͯ͠׆༻͞Ε͍ͯΔέʔε

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Wikipediaͱ͸? • ୭Ͱ΋ฤूͰ͖ΔϑϦʔͷΦϯϥΠϯඦՊࣄయ • ੈքͰ࠷΋ΞΫηε͕ଟ͍΢ΣϒαΠτͷͻͱͭ • ෆಛఆଟ਺ͷڠಇΛ௨ͯ͡ฤࢊ͞ΕΔඦՊࣄయͱ͍͏ੑ্࣭ɼ ͦͷ಺༰͕ͲΕ͚ͩਖ਼֬Ͱ৴པͰ͖Δ͔ʹ͍ͭͯ͸ઃཱॳظ͔Β ଟ͘ͷ൷൑΍ٞ࿦͕͋Δ • Wikipedia ≠ Wiki Wikipediaʹ͓͚Δࡾେํ਑ • ݕূՄೳੑɼதཱతͳ؍఺ɼಠࣗݚڀ͸ࡌͤͳ͍ • ݕূՄೳੑ https://ja.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=WP:V ʮӾཡऀ΍ଞͷฤूऀ͕಺༰ΛݕূͰ͖ΔΑ͏৴པͰ͖Δ৘ใݯʹ͋ͨΓɼ ग़యΛ໌ه͢Δ΂͖ʯɼʮ΢ΟΩϖσΟΞͷهࣄ͸ɼࣄ࣮֬ೝͱਖ਼֬͞ʹ͍ͭͯ ఆධͷ͋Δɼ৴༻Ͱ͖Δୈࡾऀ৘ใݯʹج͍ͯॻ͘΂͖Ͱ͢ʯ 118

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աڈͷWikipediaهࣄ (ϖʔδ) ͷݟํͳͲ • WikipediaͰ͸֤هࣄ (ϖʔδ) ͷόʔδϣϯ؅ཧ͕ߦΘΕ͍ͯΔ • ྫ: ͭ͘͹ࢢ https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%81%A4%E3%81%8F%E3%81%B0%E5%B8%82 • ฤूཤྺͷྫ https://ja.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E3%81%A4%E3%81%8F%E3% 81%B0%E5%B8%82&action=history&dir=prev • ฤू͕ߦΘΕͨ೔࣌ɼ୭͕ฤू͔ͨ͠ɼͦͷ࣌఺Ͱͷهࣄຊจ ൛ • Ͳͷ෦෼͕มߋ͞Εͨͷ͔  ൛ಉ࢜ͷࠩ෼ • ౤ߘه࿥ • Wayback Machineͳ͠ʹաڈͷϖʔδ಺༰ΛӾཡͰ͖Δ 119

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120 2018೥10݄02೔ 21࣌00෼ ωοταʔϏε Wikipediaͷ٬؍ੑ͸਺ඦສ΋ͷϦϯΫ੾ΕURLΛम෮͢Δ ΠϯλʔωοτɾΞʔΧΠϒʹΑͬͯ֬อ͞Ε͍ͯΔ Πϯλʔωοτ্ͷ͋ΒΏΔ৘ใΛอଘ͢Δ͜ͱΛ໨ࢦ͢ΠϯλʔωοτɾΞʔΧΠϒ͕ɺ Wikipediaʹॻ͔Εͨ৘ใͷ٬؍ੑΛ֬อ͠ݕূՄೳͳঢ়ଶʹอͭͨΊʹɺϦϯΫ੾Εͱͳͬͨ URLϦϯΫΛम෮͢Δ࡞ۀΛߦ͍ͬͯ·͢ɻ (தུ) ୭Ͱ΋ฤूՄೳͳWikipediaͰ͸ɺ৘ใͷਖ਼֬ੑΛ֬อ͢ΔͨΊɺURLͳͲΛಛఆ͢ΔܗͰ৘ใݯΛ ه͠ɺୈࡾऀ͕ݕূͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δ͜ͱ͕ཁٻ͞Ε͍ͯ·͢ɻ͔͠͠ɺ৘ใݯͱͳͬͨιʔεͷ ΢Σϒϖʔδ͕ԿΒ͔ͷࣄ৘Ͱࣄޙతʹด࠯͞ΕɺʮʯΤϥʔϖʔδ͕ฦ͞ΕΔʮյΕͨ ϦϯΫʯʹͳΔͱ͍͏͜ͱ͸௝͘͠ͳ͘ɺϦϯΫ੾Εʹ൐͏৘ใݯͷফࣦʹΑͬͯɺWikipedia ͷ಺༰ͷਖ਼֬ੑɾ٬؍ੑ͕ଛͳΘΕΔࣄଶΛট͍͍ͯ·͢ɻ ͦ͜ͰɺΠϯλʔωοτɾΞʔΧΠϒͰ͸ɺ(தུ) WikipediaͷϦϯΫ੾ΕϖʔδΛ୳͠ग़͠ɺ ͙͢͞·ΠϯλʔωοτɾΞʔΧΠϒͷอଘ͢ΔόοΫΞοϓϖʔδ΁ͷϦϯΫʹࠩ͠ସ͑Δ ϓϩάϥϜΛ։ൃ͠ɺӡ༻͍ͯ͠·͢ɻ More than 9 million broken links on Wikipedia are now rescued | Internet Archive Blogs https://blog.archive.org/2018/10/01/more-than-9-million-broken-links-on-wikipedia-are-now-rescued/ ग़య: Wikipediaͷ٬؍ੑ͸਺ඦສ΋ͷϦϯΫ੾ΕURLΛम෮͢ΔΠϯλʔωοτɾΞʔΧΠϒʹ Αͬͯ֬อ͞Ε͍ͯΔ - GIGAZINE https://gigazine.net/news/20181002-internet-archive-save-broken-link-on-wikipedia/

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ୈ3ճͷ·ͱΊͱ࣍ճͷ༧ఆ 121 • Webͷن໛΍ίϯςϯπͷมΘΓ΍͢͞ʹগ͠৮Εͨ͏͑Ͱɼ Web Archiveʹ͍ͭͯɼಛʹɼInternet ArchiveΛத৺ʹ঺հͨ͠ • ͲΜͳ৔߹ʹWebͷίϯςϯπ͕ݟΒΕͳ͘ͳΔ͔ ʹ͍ͭͯɼ ෳ਺ͷ࣮ྫΛڍ͛ͳ͕Β঺հͨ͠ • Web Archiveͷ৽ͨͳಈ޲ʹ͍ͭͯগ͚ͩ͠৮Εͨɽ ۩ମతʹ͸ɼιʔείʔυΛอଘ͢ΔϓϩδΣΫτΛ঺հͨ͠ • ΞʔΧΠϒ͞Εͨίϯςϯπͷར׆༻ʹ͍ͭͯྫΛ঺հͨ͠: ᶃ ࡋ൑Ͱͷ༗ޮͳࠜڌͱͳΔίϯςϯπͱͯ͠ ᶄ Wikipediaͷهड़ʹର͢Δࠜڌɾ৘ใݯͱͳΔίϯςϯπͱͯ͠ • ࣍ճ͔Β͸ʮֶज़ݚڀ෼໺ʹ͓͚ΔσΟδλϧίϯςϯπʯͷ ಺༰Λѻ͍·͢ɽೃછΈ͕ͳ͍ͱࢥ͏ͷͰɼجૅ͔Βઆ໌͠·͢

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122 ίϯςϯπྲྀ௨ج൫֓࿦ ஜ೾େֶਤॻؗ৘ใϝσΟΞܥ ٢઒࣍࿠[email protected] # ೔෇ ֓ཁ 4 1݄23೔ (Ր) ֶज़ݚڀ෼໺ʹ͓͚ΔσΟδλϧίϯςϯπͷྲྀ௨ʹؔ͢Δ جૅ֓೦ͱࣄྫ

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123 123 લճͷ͓͞Β͍

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124 124 Internet Archive • 1996೥ʹઃཱ͞ΕͨඇӦརஂମ • ΢ΣϒαΠτͦͷଞͷจԽతϦιʔεΛσδλϧܗࣜͰอଘ • ϛογϣϯ͸ʮ͋ΒΏΔ஌ࣝ΁ͷϢχόʔαϧΞΫηεʯΛ ఏڙ͢Δ͜ͱ ग़య: Internet Archive: About IA https://archive.org/about/ Internet Archive: Petabox https://archive.org/web/petabox.php 124 ऩूɾอଘ͍ͯ͠Δίϯςϯπͷن໛ɾ༰ྔ • 7,350ԯͷ΢Σϒϖʔδ • 4,100ສ࡭ͷॻ੶ͱςΩετɼ 1,470ສ݅ͷΦʔσΟΦɼ840ສຊͷϏσΦ • 440ສຕͷը૾ɼ89ສ݅ͷιϑτ΢ΣΞϓϩάϥϜ 57PB (PetaBytes) ˞2022年12⽉時点 42PB

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125 125 125 1. ஜ೾େֶ www.tsukuba.ac.jp • 1997೥2݄6೔࣌఺Ͱͷτοϓϖʔδ? 2. ֶྨ • ৘ใϝσΟΞ૑੒ֶྨwww.mast.tsukuba.ac.jp • 2007೥4݄ʹ1ظੜ͕ೖֶɼॳظͷΩϟονίϐʔ • ิ଍Internet ArchiveɺFlashίϯςϯπΛΞʔΧΠϒ ϓϥάΠϯ ͳ͠Ͱ21೥Ҏ߱΋ӾཡՄೳʹ - ITmedia NEWS • ஌ࣝ৘ใɾਤॻֶؗྨwww.klis.tsukuba.ac.jp 3. X (چTwitter) www.twitter.com • 2006೥7݄ʹαʔϏε։࢝ Wayback MachineΛૢ࡞͢Δ1 ݱࡏ΋ଘࡏ͢Δ΢ΣϒαΠτ΢Σϒϖʔδͷաڈͷ಺༰ΛӾཡ͢Δ ■ ■ ■

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126 126 ΢ΣϒΞʔΧΠϒͷίϯςϯπ͸ ͲΜͳ৔໘Ͱ໾ʹཱͭͷ͔ աڈͷίϯςϯπͦΕࣗମʹՁ஋͕͋Δ৔߹ • ७ਮʹ໘ന͍ɼڵຯਂ͍ • ͔ͭͯଘࡏͨ͠૊৫ͳͲͷ৘ใ͕ݟΒΕΔ఺͕༗ӹ • ύϯσϛοΫ͕աڈͷग़དྷࣄͱͳͬͨະདྷʹ͓͍ͯɼ ೔ຊࠃ಺Ͱͷॳظͷঢ়گ΍ରԠΛ஌Γ͍ͨͱ͖͸ େֶͷରԠ΍Ҋ಺͕ͲΜͳ͔ͩͬͨΛௐ΂͍ͨͱ͖͸ େֶ͝ͱʹͲΜͳҧ͍͕͔͋ͬͨΛௐ΂͍ͨͱ͖͸

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127 127 ূڌɼࠜڌɼ৘ใݯͱͯ͠ͷՁ஋͕͋Δ৔߹ 1. ࡋ൑Ͱͷ༗ޮͳূڌͱͯ͠ೝΊΒΕͨέʔεࠃ֎ฤ Internet ArchiveͷʮWayback Machineʯ͕อଘ͍ͯ͠Δ΢Σϒϖʔδʹ๏తͳূڌೳྗ͕ ͋Δ͜ͱΛɺถࠃͷࡋ൑ॴ͕ೝΊΔͱ͍͏ըظతͳ൑ܾ͕Լ͞Εɺւ֎Ͱ࿩୊ʹͳ͍ͬͯΔɻ ͜Ε͸ӳThe Registerࢴ͕ใ͍ͯ͡Δ΋ͷͰɺΠλϦΞͰൃੜͨ͠େن໛ͳΦϯϥΠϯ࠮ٗʹ ͓͍ͯɺWayback Machineʹอଘ͞Ε͍ͯͨ౰࣌ͷαΠτΛ౰ہ͕ূڌͱͯ͠ถࠃͷࡋ൑ॴ ʹఏग़ͨ͠ͱ͜Ζɺ๏తͳূڌೳྗ͋ΓͱೝΊΒΕͨͱ͍͏΋ͷɻ ༰ٙऀͷୁัޙʹΦϯϥΠϯ࠮ٗͷূڌͱͳΔαΠτ͕ফ໓ͨͨ͠ΊɺWayback Machineʹ པΒ͟ΔΛಘͳ͔ͬͨͱ͍͏ࣄ৘͕͋ͬͨΑ͏͕ͩɺաڈʹ͸Wayback Machineʹূڌೳྗ ͳ͠ͱΈͳ͞Εͨέʔε΋͋ͬͨͨΊɺࠓճͷ൑ܾ͸ըظతͱ΋ݴ͑Δ಺༰ͩɻ ग़య: Internet ArchiveͷʮWayback Machineʯɺถࠃͷࡋ൑ॴ͔Β๏తͳূڌೳྗΛೝΊΒΕΔʲ΍͡͏·Watchʳ - INTERNET Watch https://internet.watch.impress.co.jp/docs/yajiuma/1141734.html ΢ΣϒΞʔΧΠϒͷίϯςϯπ͸ ͲΜͳ৔໘Ͱ໾ʹཱͭͷ͔

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128 128 寿命 [編集] (লུ) Πψ͸10ࡀʹͳΔͱ࿝ݘͷҬʹͳΓ12ࡀ͔Β20ࡀఔ౓·Ͱੜ͖Δɻͨͩ͠ݘछ΍ੜҭ؀ڥ ʹΑͬͯ΋ҟͳΓɺجຊతʹେܕݘͷ΄͏͕খܕݘΑΓ΋୹໋Ͱ͋Δɻ (লུ) ͔ͭͯΪωεϒοΫʹͯɺ2010೥10݄͔Β2011೥12݄ʹֻ͚ͯʮੜଘ͢Δੈք࠷ߴྸͷ Πψʯͱೝఆ͞Ε͍ͯͨಢ໦ݝࡏॅͷࡶछݘϓʔεέ͸[17]ɺ2011೥12݄5೔ͷࢮ຅࣌఺Ͱ 26ࡀ9ϲ݄[18] Ͱ͋Γɺਓؒͷ೥ྸͰ׵ࢉ͢Δͱ125ࡀҎ্ͱਪఆ͞Εͨɻ ূڌɼࠜڌɼ৘ใݯͱͯ͠ͷՁ஋͕͋Δ৔߹ 2. Wikipediaهࣄʹ͓͚Δ৘ใݯͱͯ͠׆༻͞Ε͍ͯΔέʔε Πψ - Wikipedia https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%8C 出典 [編集] 1.^ Macdonald, David; Claudio Sillero-Zubiri (2004). The Biology and Conservation of Wild Canids. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 45-46. ISBN 0198515561 2. ^ a b Anthea Gentry, Juliet Clutton-Brock, Colin P. Groves, “The naming of wild animal species and their domestic derivates,” Journal of Archaeological Science, Volume 31, Issue 5, Elsevier, 2004, Pages 645-651. (লུ) 17.^ l- Explore Records - Guinness World Records”. 2014೥4݄8೔࣌఺ͷΦϦδφϧΑΓΞʔΧΠϒɻ 2011೥10݄7೔Ӿཡɻ

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129 129 લճͷఏग़՝୊͔Β #1 129 Wayback MachineͰӾཡͨ͠աڈͷϖʔδ͸ɺࢀߟจݙͱ͍͍ͯ͠ ͷ͔ؾʹͳΓ·͢ɻ • Ϩϙʔτ౳ͷग़୊ऀ࣍ୈͰ͋Δ෦෼͕͋Δ͔΋͠Εͳ͍ͷͰɼ͋͘·Ͱ ݸਓతͳݟղͰ͕͢ɼӾཡͰ͖ͳ͘ͳ͍ͬͯΔ৔߹΍ɼաڈͷ಺༰͔Β มΘͬͯ͠·͍ͬͯΔ৔߹ʹɼҾ༻ɾࢀর͢Δଥ౰ੑɾඞཁੑ͕͋Ε͹ ࢀߟจݙʹڍ͛ͯ໰୊ͳ͍ͱࢥ͍·͢ɽ • ୅ΘΓʹͳΔ৘ใݯ͕͋Δ৔߹͸ɼͦͪΒΛҾ༻ɾࢀর͢Δͷ΋ྑ͍Ͱ ͠ΐ͏ɽͨͱ͑͹ɼ৽ฉࣾ΢ΣϒαΠτͷχϡʔεهࣄͷ৔߹ɼҎલ͸ Ұఆظؒܦͭͱ࡟আ͞ΕΔ͜ͱ͕ଟ͔ͬͨҹ৅Ͱ͕͢ɼ౰֘ϖʔδͷ ΞʔΧΠϒͰ͸ͳ͘ࢴͷ৽ฉهࣄΛௐ΂ͯࢀর͢ΔͳͲɽ

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130 130 લճͷఏग़՝୊͔Β #2 130 WikipediaͷϦϯΫ੾ΕURLम෮ϓϩάϥϜͷӡ༻ʹ͍ͭͯॳΊͯ஌ͬͨͷ Ͱڻ͍ͨɻ • લճͷतۀͰ͸঺հ͠·ͤΜͰ͕ͨ͠ɼҎԼͷΞΧ΢ϯτͰ͢ɽ • ೔ຊޠ൛8JLJQFEJBˠར༻ऀ*OUFSOFU"SDIJWF#PUͷ౤ߘه࿥ • ӳޠ൛8JLJQFEJBˠUser contributions for InternetArchiveBot • ଞʹ΋׆༂͍ͯ͠Δ#PU͕ෳ਺͍·͢ɽͨͱ͑͹ɼCitation bot • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Citation_bot • ฤू׆ಈྫ: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Landscape&diff=prev&ol did=1197932389

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131 131 લճͷఏग़՝୊͔Β #3 131 • Ӿཡͯ͠ࢥ͕ͬͨੲͷ8FCϖʔδʹ͸ਤ΍ࣸਅ͕͋·Γͳ͘จࣈͷ ཏྻ͕ଟ͍ͷͰগ͠ݟͮΒ͍ͱײ͡,ࢹ֮తʹ৘ใΛݟͤΔ͜ͱ͸ ॏཁͩͱࢥͬͨɻ • 10೥΄Ͳલͷ஌ࣝͷαΠτ͸PCͷϑϧը໘දࣔʹରԠ͓ͯ͠Βͣɺࠓ ΑΓ΋ݟʹ͍͘ҹ৅Λड͚ͨɻʮ஌త͸ɺૉఢ!ʯͱ͍͏จݴ͸ࠓ͸΋͏ ΢έͳ͍ͷͩΖ͏͔? ౰࣌ͷ࣌୅എܠΛ൓ө͍ͯ͠ΔΑ͏Ͱ໘ന͍ͳͱ ײͨ͡ɻ • ੲ͸௨৴଎౓͕஗͘ɼܭࢉػࢿݯ͕ߴֹͩͬͨࣄ৘΋͋Δͱࢥ͍·͢ɽ • લճͷतۀޙɼ஌ࣝ৘ใɾਤॻֶؗྨͷͱ͋Δઌੜʹʮ஌త͸ɼૉఢ!ʯ ͷΩϟονίϐʔʹ͍͓ͭͯ࢕͍ͨ͠ͱ͜ΖɼʮͦΜͳ΋ͷ͕͋ΔͳΜ ͯॳࣖͩʯͱ͍ͬͨ൓ԠͰͨ͠ɽklisʹ͓͚Δݹయͷͻͱͭͳͷ͔΋?

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132 132 લճͷఏग़՝୊͔Β #4 132 • ΍ͬͯΈΑ͏ݚڀॴ͕͔ͳΓ໘ന͔ͬͨɻ͜ͷΑ͏ͳαΠτ͕ফ͑ͯ͠ ·͏ͷ͸ͱͯ΋൵͍͠ͷͰɺࣗ෼Ͱ΋ྑ͍αΠτΛݟ͚ͭͨΒΞʔΧΠ ϒΛ࢒ͯ͠ΈΑ͏ͱࢥ͏ɻ • Ұ൪໘ന͔ͬͨͷ͕΍ͬͯΈΑ͏ݚڀॴͰ͢ɻ͜ͷतۀͰॳΊͯ஌ͬͯ ͢΂ͯͷهࣄΛಡΈ·ͨ͠ɻ΍ͬͺΓ͍ͭͷ࣌୅΋͋ͷΑ͏ͳحఱ྽ͳ هࣄ͕͋Δͱ໘ന͍Ͱ͢ͶɻͪͳΈʹࣗ෼͕޷͖ͳϒϩά͸ΞϧϑΝͷ ϒϩάͰ͢ (https://arufa.hatenablog.jp/) ੋඇҰಡΛ • ΍ͬͯΈΑ͏ݚڀॴɼ໘ന͍Ͱ͢ΑͶɽࢗͬͨ͞ਓ͕͍ͯྑ͔ͬͨͰ͢ɽ • ʮΞϧϑΝͷϒϩάʯ͸஌Γ·ͤΜͰͨ͠ɽ͸ͯͳϒοΫϚʔΫΛԿ೥ ΋࢖͍ͬͯΔ͔Β஌͍ͬͯͯ΋͓͔͘͠ͳ͍ͷʹɼͲ͏ͯͩ͠Ζ͏ʜʜɽ ͔֬ʹɼ΍ͬͯΈΑ͏ݚڀॴͱࣅͨงғؾΛײ͡·͢Ͷ

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133 133 ର໘तۀʹ͍ͭͯ 133 1୯ҐͷतۀՊ໨͸45࣌ؒͷֶमΛཁ͢Δ಺༰Ͱߏ੒ ɾߨٛ: 15࣌ؒ ɾࣄલɾࣄޙֶम: 30࣌ؒ ֶ܈ ཤमཁཡʢ2023೥౓ʣ - ஜ೾େֶ https://www.tsukuba.ac.jp/education/ug-courses-directory/

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134 134 ֶज़ݚڀ෼໺ʹ͓͚ΔσΟδλϧ ίϯςϯπΛऔΓ্͛Δཧ༝

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135 135 ֶज़ݚڀ෼໺ͷσΟδλϧ ίϯςϯπΛऔΓ্͛Δཧ༝ #1 େֶ͸ɼڭҭɾݚڀΛߦ͏ͨΊͷ৔ • େֶڭһͷ࢓ࣄ͸ɼڭҭɼݚڀɼେֶӡӦ ࣾձߩݙ • େֶʹॴଐ͍ͯ͠Δͱɼଟ͘ͷ࿦จʹΞΫηεͰ͖Δ • ༷ʑͳ࿦จʹΞΫηε͢ΔͨΊʹ͸ɼ͓͕͔͔ۚΔ • ֶ෦ੜͷ৔߹Ͱ΋ɼֶ೥͕ਐΉʹͭΕͯ࿦จΛӾಡ͢Δ ػձ͕૿͑ΔͨΊɼجຊతͳ஌͕ࣝ͋Δͱ໾ʹཱͭ ˠ ଔۀݚڀͰ͸ɼઌߦݚڀΛௐ΂Δඞཁ͕͋Δ

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136 136 ֶज़ݚڀ෼໺ͷσΟδλϧίϯςϯπΛ औΓ্͛Δཧ༝ #2 ΢Σϒ্Ͱిࢠഔମͱͯ͠ೖखͯ͠ಡΜͰ͍Δ ग़య: ֶज़৘ใͷར༻ʹؔ͢Δௐࠪ (SCREALௐࠪ) 2014جຊूܭ http://www.screal.jp/2014/SCREAL2014_summary.pdf (ࢀߟ) JANUL: ࠃཱେֶਤॻؗڠձɼPULCެࢲཱେֶਤॻؗίϯιʔγΞϜɼSCREAL: ֶज़ਤॻؗݚڀҕһձ Q. ిࢠδϟʔφϧΛͲͷఔ౓ར༻͍ͯ͠·͔͢?

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137 ग़య • ౷߹ใࠂॻ ஜ೾େֶ https://www.tsukuba.ac.jp/about/disclosure-report/ • ஍ਤͱσʔλͰݟΔஜ೾େֶϦʔϑϨοτ  https://www.tsukuba.ac.jp/about/public-booklets-leaflet/ • ஜ೾େֶෟଐਤॻؗۀ຿౷ܭ  https://www.tulips.tsukuba.ac.jp/lib/ja/about/report ஜ೾େֶʹؔ͢Δσʔλ1 p 2023೥౓ͷ༧ࢉ: 1,096ԯԁ • ӡӦඅަ෇ۚ: 357ԯԁ • පӃऩೖ: 396ԯԁ • ֶੜೲ෇ۚ(तۀྉऩೖ)  90ԯԁ p ֶੜ: 16,655໊ • ֶ܈ੜ: 9,635໊ • େֶӃੜ: 7,020໊ p ڭ৬һ: 5,395໊ (ڭһ͸2,351໊)

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138 ग़య • ౷߹ใࠂॻ ஜ೾େֶ https://www.tsukuba.ac.jp/about/disclosure-report/ • ஍ਤͱσʔλͰݟΔஜ೾େֶϦʔϑϨοτ  https://www.tsukuba.ac.jp/about/public-booklets-leaflet/ • ஜ೾େֶෟଐਤॻؗۀ຿౷ܭ  https://www.tulips.tsukuba.ac.jp/lib/ja/about/report ஜ೾େֶʹؔ͢Δσʔλ2 ஜ೾େֶෟଐਤॻؗ • ਤॻ (࡭਺): ࿨ॻ170ສɼ༸ॻ100ສ • ࡶࢽ (λΠτϧ਺): ࿨ࡶࢽ1.7ສɼ༸ࡶࢽ1.3ສ • ిࢠδϟʔφϧ (ܖ໿λΠτϧ਺) : 3.9ສ • ࢿྉߪೖඅ౳: 6.6ԯԁ

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139 139 ֶज़ࡶࢽ (δϟʔφϧ) ͱ͸

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140 140 ֶज़ࡶࢽ (δϟʔφϧ) ͷྫ #1 Nature (ωΠνϟʔ) • 1869೥ʹΠΪϦεͰ૑ץ • ૑ץ߸ (HathiTrust) https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.c2754878 • 1953೥ʹܝࡌ͞Εͨ࿦จ Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid (σΦΩγϦϘ֩ࢎͷ෼ࢠߏ଄) → DNAͷೋॏཐટߏ଄ WATSON, J., CRICK, F. Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid. Nature 171, 737– 738 (1953). https://doi.org/10.1038/171737a0 Volume 625 Issue 7995 2024೥1݄18೔߸ https://www.nature.com/nature/ volumes/625/issues/7995

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141 141 Nature Volume 625 Issue 7995 2024೥1݄18೔߸ https://www.nature.com/natu re/volumes/625/issues/7995 Science Volume 383 Issue 6680 2024೥1݄19೔߸ https://www.science.org/to c/science/383/6680 141 Cell Volume 187 Issue 2 2024೥1݄18೔߸ https://www.cell.com/cell/issue ?pii=S0092-8674(23)X0003-8 ֶज़ࡶࢽ (δϟʔφϧ) ͷྫ #2

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142 142 142 ੈք࠷ݹͷֶज़ࡶࢽ͸? • Le Journal des sçavans • δϡϧφϧɾσɾαϰΝϯ • ೥ʹץߦ͞Εͨϑϥϯεͷֶज़ࡶࢽ • Le Journal des sçavans Año 1665, janv.-mars https://hdl.handle.net/2027/ucm.5327264267 • Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society • ϑΟϩιϑΟΧϧɾτϥϯβΫγϣϯζ • ೥ʹץߦ͞ΕͨΠΪϦεͷֶज़ࡶࢽ • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophical_Transactions_of_the_ Royal_Society • https://royalsocietypublishing.org/journal/rstl

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143 143 ֶज़࿦จ treatise ৽͍͠ݚڀ੒ՌΛ಺༰ͱ͠ɼҰఆͷߏ੒Λ࣋ͬͨ࿦จɽ Ұൠʹɼ࿦จ໊ɼஶऀ໊ɼং࿦ɼํ๏ͱ݁Ռɼߟ࡯ͱ݁࿦ɼҾ༻ จݙϦετ͔Βߏ੒͞ΕΔɽ௨ৗ͸ɼֶज़ࡶࢽʹܝࡌ͞Εͨ΋ͷ Λֶज़࿦จͱݺΜͰ͍Δɽ౰ॳ͸ࡶࢽฤूऀ΁ͷखࢴ΍ใࠂͷ ܗࣜΛͱ͕ͬͨɼ19ੈلʹݱࡏͷΑ͏ͳܗʹͳͬͨɽ ਤॻؗ৘ใֶ༻ޠࣙయ ΑΓҾ༻ ֶज़ࡶࢽ scientific journal; scholarly journal ڱٛʹ͸ɼࠪಡ੍౓Λ࠾༻͠ɼಠ૑ੑͷ͋Δ࠷৽ͷݚڀ੒Ռ Λ఻͑Δ౤ߘ࿦จΛܝࡌ͢Δࡶࢽɽ ޿ٛʹ͸ɼֶज़తͳ಺༰ͷهࣄΛܝࡌ͢Δࡶࢽɽ * ೔ຊਤॻؗ৘ใֶձ༻ޠࣙయฤूҕһձ:ʮਤॻؗ৘ใֶ༻ޠࣙయʯ. ؙળग़൛, ୈ5൛, 2020. ਤॻؗ৘ใֶ༻ޠࣙయ* ΑΓҾ༻ ֶज़ࡶࢽͱֶज़࿦จͷఆٛ

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144 144 ֶज़ࡶࢽʹ࿦จΛࡌͤΔʹ͸? → ࠪಡ ࠪಡ੍౓ referee system; peer review ֶज़ࡶࢽʹ౤ߘ͞Εͨ࿦จͷ಺༰Λࠪಡऀ (referee) ͕৹ࠪ͠ɼ౰֘ࡶࢽʹܝࡌ ͢Δ͔൱͔Λ൑ఆ͢Δ੍౓ɽ͜ͷ੍౓ʹΑͬͯɼ౤ߘ࿦จͱஶऀ͸ઐ໳తঝೝΛ ड͚ɼҰํ ֶज़ࡶࢽ͸࣭Λҡ࣋͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δɽ ࠪಡ͸ɼࡶࢽͷฤूҕһ΍౤ߘ࿦จͷ಺༰ʹৄ͍͠ઐ໳Ոʹґཔ͢Δɽ ৹ࠪΛެਖ਼ʹߦ͏ͨΊʹɼ࿦จͷஶऀͱࠪಡऀͷ྆ऀʹޓ͍ͷࢯ໊Λ஌Βͤͣɼ ౤ߘ࿦จΛ৹ࠪ͠ɼͦΕʹԠͨ͡ॻ͖௚͠ΛٻΊΔ৔߹͕ଟ͍ɽ ࠪಡͷ݁Ռ٫Լ͞ΕΔ݅਺͸ɼֶ໰෼໺ʹΑͬͯଟগҟͳΔ͕ɼਤॻΛओͳൃද खஈͱ͍ͯ͠ΔਓจՊֶʹ͓͍ͯ΋ɼ͜ͷ٫Լ཰͸ߴ͍ɽ • QFFSೳྗͳͲ͕ಉ౳ͷਓɼಉ྅ɽ ͜͜Ͱ͸ɼ࿦จ಺༰ʹৄ͍͠ݚڀऀɼಉۀऀͷ͜ͱ • ֶज़ࡶࢽʹܝࡌ͢Δ͜ͱͰֶज़ͷਐల͕ظ଴Ͱ͖Δέʔε ࡌͤΔ΂͖Ͱ͋Δͱ ൑அ͞Εͨ৔߹ ͸࠾୒ࡌͤΔɽͦ͏Ͱͳ͍৔߹͸ෆ࠾୒ࡌͤͳ͍ • मਖ਼ʹΑͬͯ໰୊͕ղফ಺༰ͷ࣭͕վળ͞ΕΔ৔߹͸ɼॻ͖௚͠ΛٻΊΒΕΔ • ͢΂ͯͷέʔεͰ֘౰͢ΔΘ͚Ͱ͸ͳ͍͕ɼ࠾୒͞Εͨ৔߹ɼͦͷ࿦จͷஶ࡞ݖ͕ ग़൛ࣾʹҠ؅͞ΕΔ͜ͱ͕ଟ͍ˠ༗ྉͷ࿦จ͕ചΕͨͱͯ͠ɼஶऀͷջʹ͸ʜʜ ਤॻؗ৘ใֶ༻ޠࣙయ ΑΓҾ༻

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145 145 ࿦จ৹ࠪͷେ·͔ͳྲྀΕ ஶऀ͕ݪߘΛ౤ߘ͢Δ ฤूऀ ௕ ͕ݪߘΛ ࣄ຿ہͰड͚औΔ ฤू௕͕ݪߘΛ ࠪಡऀʹૹ෇͢Δ ʲࠪಡʳࠪಡऀ डཧ٫Լվగ ฤू௕ ࠪಡͳ͠Ͱ ฤू௕͕डཧ͢Δ ࠪಡͳ͠Ͱ ฤू௕͕٫Լ͢Δ डཧ ࠾୒ Accept ٫Լ ෆ࠾୒ Reject վగ मਖ਼ Revise ࠪಡޙɼ ฤू௕͕डཧ͢Δ editor/editorial kick ץߦ publish ஶऀ͕ݪߘΛվగ͢Δ ࠪಡޙɼ ฤू௕͕٫Լ͢Δ ૔ాܟࢠ:ʮֶज़৘ใྲྀ௨ͱΦʔϓϯΞΫηεʯɽႻ૲ॻ๪ɼ2007ɽp.64ɼਤ3.4Λൈਮͯ͠࡞੒ɽ ଠࣈɼӳޠ͓Αͼഁઢ໼ҹͷิهɼண৭౳͸͢΂ͯ٢઒ʹΑΔɽ Received, ड෇೔ Accepted, ࠾୒೔

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146 146 ֶज़ࡶࢽɾ࿦จͷ୳͠ํ ᶃ ࢴഔମͷ৔߹

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147 147 ֶज़࿦จΛೖख͢Δʹ͸ ࢴഔମͷֶज़࿦จΛ୳͢ ˠ େֶਤॻؗ • ͦ΋ͦ΋ɼͲ͜ʹߦ͚͹ӾಡͰ͖Δ ˠ ৽͍͠ (ൃߦ͞Εͯؒ΋ͳ͍) ΋ͷ͸ࡶࢽίʔφʔ ݹ͍ (ൃߦޙ͋Δఔ౓࣌ؒͷܦͬͨ) ΋ͷ͸ूີॻՍ

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148 148 ྫ) ਤॻؗ৘ใֶਤॻؗͷूີॻՍ (ࡱӨ೔: 2017೥4݄25೔)

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149 149 ྫ) ਤॻؗ৘ใֶਤॻؗͷूີॻՍ (ࡱӨ೔: 2017೥4݄25೔)

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150 150 ྫ) ਤॻؗ৘ใֶਤॻؗͷूີॻՍ (ࡱӨ೔: 2017೥4݄25೔) ྫిࢠ৘ใ௨৴ֶձٕज़ݚڀใࠂ 1998-99, 1999-2000, 2000-2001, …

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151 151 ࢴഔମͷֶज़࿦จΛ୳͢େֶਤॻؗ • ஜ೾େֶෟଐਤॻؗͷ৔߹ • தԝɼମܳɼҩֶɼਤ৘ɼେ௩ ౎಺ ͕ଘࡏ͢Δ • ॴଂࢿྉͷҧ͍ҩֶɾҩྍ෼໺͸ҩֶਤॻؗʹ ˠ ͲͷؗͰ΋ಉҰࢿྉ͕ݟΒΕΔΘ͚Ͱ͸ͳ͍ ˠ ໨తͷ࿦จΛܝࡌͨ͠δϟʔφϧ͕ෳ਺ͷؗʹ ෼͔Εͯॴଂ͞Ε͍ͯΔ৔߹΋౰વ͋Δ • ஜ೾େֶෟଐਤॻ͕ؗॴଂ͍ͯ͠ͳ͍৔߹͸  ˠ ෳࣸɼऔدͤ

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152 152 ࢴഔମͷֶज़࿦จΛ୳͢େֶਤॻؗ • Ӿಡɾೖख·Ͱͷεςοϓ • ॴଂ͍ͯ͠Δ৔߹͸࣮෺Λݟʹߦ͘ ৔߹ʹΑͬͯ͸ूີॻՍʹߦ͘ • ౰֘δϟʔφϧɾ࡭ࢠΛखʹऔͬͨ͏͑Ͱɼ ֶज़࿦จͷ಺༰Λ୳͢ ಺༰Λ֬ೝ͢Δ • ໨తͷ಺༰Ͱ͋ͬͨ৔߹͸ɼඞཁʹԠͯ͡ จݙෳࣸ౳Λߦͳ͏ ˠ ؗ಺ͷίϐʔػͰෳࣸͯ͠ɼ࣋ͪؼΔ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ

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153 153 Tulips SearchΛ࢖ͬͯॴଂࢿྉΛௐ΂Δ https://www.tulips.tsukuba.ac.jp/search/ • 1953೥ʹNatureʹܝࡌ͞Εͨ࿦จ Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid σΦΩγϦϘ֩ࢎͷ෼ࢠߏ଄ → DNAͷೋॏཐટߏ଄ WATSON, J., CRICK, F. Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid. Nature 171, 737–738 (1953). https://www.tulips.tsukuba.ac.jp/search/?q=Molecular%20Structure%20of%20 Nucleic%20Acids%3A%20A%20Structure%20for%20Deoxyribose%20Nucleic%2 0Acid%20&lang=ja ॴࡏ ॴଂ೥ ॴଂר߸ தԝ 1882-2015 25(638-652), … ҩֶ 1932-2005 130,166-242, … ମܳ 1958-2002 181(4601-4603, … ਤ৘ࡶࢽ 1981-2002 289-317, …

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154 154 CiNiiΛ࢖ͬͯॴଂ͍ͯ͠ΔਤॻؗΛௐ΂Δ ಡΈ͸ʮαΠχΟʯ CiNiiʢ͍͞ʹ͌ʣʢ@cinii_jpʣ͞Μ / Twitter https://twitter.com/cinii_jp ʮΈΜͳେ޷͖CiNiiʯ 2015೥4݄9೔ → 2015೥4݄21೔ • ࢀߟ: 2016೥2݄ɼ஌ࣝ৘ใɾਤॻֶؗྨͷूதߨٛʮ஌ࣝ৘ใֶಛผߨٛIʯ> https://26.hatenablog.jp/entry/2016/03/19/103635

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155 155 CiNiiΛ࢖ͬͯॴଂ͍ͯ͠ΔਤॻؗΛௐ΂Δ ISSN (International Standard Serial Numberࠃࡍඪ४ஞ࣍ץ ߦ෺൪߸) Λ༻͍ͨݕࡧྫ Nature ISSN 1476-4687 (online) ISSN 0028-0836 (print) • CiNii Books https://ci.nii.ac.jp/books • େֶਤॻؗॴଂ • ిࢠϦιʔεʹΞΫηε͢Δ • CiNii Research https://cir.nii.ac.jp/ • ISSNͰݕࡧ 0028-0836

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156 156 ֶज़ࡶࢽɾ࿦จͷ୳͠ํ ᶄ ిࢠഔମͷ৔߹

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157 157 ֶज़࿦จΛೖख͢Δʹ͸ ΢Σϒ্ͷֶज़࿦จΛ୳͢ • ͲΜͳखஈ΍αʔϏεΛ࢖ֶͬͯज़࿦จΛ୳͢ • ֶज़࿦จʹಛԽͨ͠ݕࡧαʔϏεͳͲ͕͋Δ

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158 158 ֶज़࿦จΛݕࡧͰ͖Δ σʔλϕʔεɾαʔϏεͷྫ1 Google Scholar https://scholar.google.com/ ӡ༻Google ڊਓͷݞͷ্ʹཱͭ “If I have been able to see further, it was only because I stood on the shoulders of giants.” ― ࢲ͕ΑΓԕ͘ΛݟΔ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ͨͱ͢ΔͳΒ͹ɼͦΕ͸ࢲ͕ڊਓͷݞʹ ৐͍͔ͬͯͨΒʹա͗·ͤΜɽΞΠβοΫɾχϡʔτϯʹΑΔॻ؆ खࢴ ʹొ ৔͢Δจݴͱͯ͠༗໊ͳϑϨʔζ

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159 159 ֶज़࿦จΛݕࡧͰ͖Δ σʔλϕʔεɾαʔϏεͷྫ2 CiNii Research https://cir.nii.ac.jp/ ӡ༻ࠃཱ৘ใֶݚڀॴ /** • ࿦จɼਤॻɾࡶࢽɼത࢜࿦จͳͲͷֶज़৘ใΛݕࡧͰ͖Δ αʔϏε • ത࢜࿦จͷݕࡧྫ • $J/JJ%JTTFSUBUJPOTݕࡧ ࡾ຤࿨உ • $J/JJ%JTTFSUBUJPOTݕࡧ ٢઒࣍࿠ • ࢀߟ【2023೥10݄31೔ܝࡌ】CiNii DissertationsٴͼCiNii Books ͷCiNii Research΁ͷ౷߹ʹ͍ͭͯ

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160 160 ֶज़࿦จΛݕࡧͰ͖Δσʔλϕʔεɾ αʔϏεΛ࢖͏: CiNii Research https://cir.nii.ac.jp/ ஫ҙCiNiiͰώοτ͠ͳ͍㱠ੈͷதʹଘࡏ͠ͳ͍࿦จ ˒$J/JJͰݕࡧՄೳͳ࿦จͷ݅਺໿2,200ສ݅ 2020೥3݄࣌఺ σʔλϕʔε໊͓Αͼͦͷఏڙػؔ • Ҿ༻จݙࡧҾσʔλϕʔε ࠃཱ৘ใֶݚڀॴ • J-STAGE ಠཱߦ੓๏ਓՊֶٕज़ৼڵػߏ • ػؔϦϙδτϦ ֤େֶ • ࡶࢽهࣄࡧҾσʔλϕʔε ࠃཱࠃձਤॻؗ • ࠃཱࠃձਤॻؗσδλϧίϨΫγϣϯ ࠃཱࠃձਤॻؗ • ҩதࢽWeb ಛఆඇӦར׆ಈ๏ਓҩֶதԝࡶࢽץߦձ • Crossref(Crossref) • Japan Link Center(JaLC) • ৘ใֶ޿৔ɿ৘ใॲཧֶձిࢠਤॻؗ Ұൠࣾஂ๏ਓ৘ใॲཧֶձ • ೔ຊ෺ཧֶձిࢠδϟʔφϧ Ұൠࣾஂ๏ਓ೔ຊ෺ཧֶձ • Ԡ༻෺ཧֶձిࢠδϟʔφϧ ެӹࣾஂ๏ਓԠ༻෺ཧֶձ  ͳͲ ग़యhttps://support.nii.ac.jp/ja/cia/cinii_db

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161 161 J-STAGE https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/ • ӡ༻Պֶٕज़ৼڵػߏ +45 • ʮՊֶٕज़৘ใൃ৴ɾྲྀ௨૯߹γεςϜʯ • ΦϯϥΠϯδϟʔφϧϓϥοτϑΥʔϜͷͻͱͭ • ݕࡧػೳ͕͋Δ • ݸผͷֶձࢽΛӾཡ͢Δػೳ͕͋Δ

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162 162 ͦͷ৔Ͱશจ͕ಡΊΔ • 1%'όʔδϣϯ ϥϯσΟϯάϖʔδͷྫ landing page Wikipediaʹֶज़จݙͷࢀরهड़Λ௥Ճ͢Δฤूͷಛఆख๏ https://doi.org/10.2964/jsik_2020_033

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163 163 ϝλσʔλͷμ΢ϯϩʔυ • BibTeXܗࣜ Wikipediaʹֶज़จݙͷࢀরهड़Λ௥Ճ͢Δฤूͷಛఆख๏ https://doi.org/10.2964/jsik_2020_033 @article{٢઒ ࣍࿠20202020_033, title={Wikipediaʹֶज़จݙͷࢀরهड़Λ௥Ճ͢Δ ฤूͷಛఆख๏}, author={٢઒ ࣍࿠ and ߴٱ խੜ and ๕৊ ౙथ}, journal={৘ใ஌ֶࣝձࢽ}, volume={30}, number={3}, pages={370-389}, year={2020}, doi={10.2964/jsik_2020_033} } ߏ੒ཁૉ • ࿦จͷλΠτϧ • ܝࡌࢽͷλΠτϧ • ר(Volume)ɼ߸(Number) • ܝࡌϖʔδ ։࢝ɼऴྃ • ग़൛೥ɾൃߦ೥ • %0*

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164 164 ݸผͷֶձࢽΛӾཡ͢Δ ྫ1৘ใ஌ֶࣝձࢽ https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/browse/jsik/-char/ja δϟʔφϧɼࠪಡɼ ϑϦʔɼૣظެ։

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165 165 https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/browse/jjsai/-char/ja ݸผͷֶձࢽΛӾཡ͢Δ ྫ2ਓ޻஌ೳֶձࢽ ղઆࢽɾҰൠࡶࢽɼ Ұ෦ೝূ͋Γ

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166 166 ݸผͷֶձࢽΛӾཡ͢Δ ྫ3೔ຊਤॻؗ৘ใֶձࢽ https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/browse/jslis/-char/ja δϟʔφϧɼࠪಡɼ ೝূ͋Γ

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167 167 ஌ࣝͷ૊৫ԽγεςϜͱͯ͠ͷ౷߹త Ϩϕϧ෼ྨͱGnoliͷଘࡏ࿦ https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jsl is/69/2/69_85/_article/-char/ja • ࿦จͷެද͔Β1೥ؒ͸ɼ ެ։༛༧ Τϯόʔΰ ظؒ ͜ͷظؒ͸ֶձձһͷΈ • 1೥ܦաͨ͠Βೝূͳ͠Ͱ ୭Ͱ΋ಡΊΔΑ͏ʹͳΔ

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168 168 ϥϯσΟϯάϖʔδͷྫ landing page ஜ೾େֶ಺ͷ ωοτϫʔΫ ͔Β઀ଓͨ͠ ৔߹ https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49304-6_40 SpringerLink 2016೥11݄

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169 169 DOI Links on Wikipedia: Analyses of English, Japanese, and Chinese Wikipedias https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49304-6_40 ͦͷ৔Ͱશจ͕ಡΊΔ ← PDFόʔδϣϯ ˣHTMLόʔδϣϯ SpringerLink https://link.springer.com/

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170 170 ஜ೾େֶ֎ͷ ωοτϫʔΫ ͔Β઀ଓͨ͠ ৔߹ https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49304-6_40 SpringerLink EUR 29.95 3,498ԁ 12 pages 2016೥11݄

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171 171 ஜ೾େֶ಺ͷ ωοτϫʔΫ ͔Β઀ଓͨ͠ ৔߹Ͱ΋ʜʜ https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16802-4_13 SpringerLink 3,498ԁ 14 pages • ࿦จͷެද͔ ΒҰఆظؒ͸ ެ։༛༧ Τϯ όʔΰ • ΋͠ചΕͯ΋ɼ ஶऀͷऩӹʹ ͸ͳΒͳ͍ 2022೥9݄

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172 172 • ΢ΣϒΛ௨ͨ͡࿦จͷఏڙ΢Σϒϒϥ΢βͰͷӾཡ ओͳߏ੒ཁૉ͸? 1. ϥϯσΟϯάϖʔδ(HTML)  ॻࢽৄࡉͷϖʔδϝλϖʔδΞΠςϜϖʔδ 2. ຊจ ࿦จຊମ  'VMMUFYU શจ • 1%'ɼ)5.-౳ 3. ϝλσʔλɼར༻ऀʹؔ͢Δ৘ใ • ࿦จλΠτϧɼܝࡌࢽλΠτϧɼרɾ߸ɼܝࡌϖʔδɼ ग़൛೥ɾൃߦ೥ʜʜFUD • ར༻ऀͷ৘ใ͓ΑͼͦΕʹԠͨ͡ڍಈˠΞΫηε؅ཧ ΦϯϥΠϯ δϟʔφϧϓϥοτϑΥʔϜ

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173 ΦϯϥΠϯδϟʔφϧͷΞΫηε؅ཧ • ஜ೾େֶͷωοτϫʔΫ͔Β઀ଓ͢Δͱ࿦จ͕ಡΊΔͷ͸ɼ ஜ೾େֶ͕ग़൛ࣾ΍ֶڠձͱ༗ྉܖ໿͍ͯ͠Δ͓͔͛ • ߪಡऀʹӾཡΛڐ͢࢓૊Έ 0. ϑϦʔΞΫηε • ੍ݶΛ͔͚ͳ͍ɽ୭Ͱ΋ಡΊΔ 1. IPΞυϨε୯ҐʹΑΔ૊৫୯ҐͰͷೝূ • ͨͱ͑͹ɼ઀ଓݩIPΞυϨεͷϗετ໊͕ஜ೾େֶͰ͋Ε͹ڐՄ͢Δ 2. ϢʔβɾύεϫʔυํࣜʹΑΔݸਓ (૊৫) ೝূ • IDͱύεϫʔυΛൃߦ͠ɼຊਓ֬ೝ͢Δ ※ ઌ΄Ͳͷ೔ຊਤॻؗ৘ใֶձࢽͷέʔε͕֘౰͢Δ 3. ݸผʹߪೖ͢Δ • ϖΠύʔϏϡʔํࣜ (pay-per-view, ݸผ࿦จ͝ͱͷങऔ) • ϓϦϖΠυํࣜ

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174 • ෟଐਤॻؗܦඅͰߪೖ͢Δࡶࢽʹ͍ͭͯ͸ɺྩ࿨3೥౓ୈ5ճ ෟଐਤॻؗӡӦҕһձͷܾఆʹΑΓɺྩ࿨5ʙ7೥౓·Ͱͷ ߪೖํ਑ͱߪೖλΠτϧΛܾఆ͍ͯ͠·͢ɻ • ͜ͷํ਑Ͱ͸ɺ෦ہͱਤॻؗͱͰܦඅΛ෼୲ͯ͠ߪೖ͍ͯ͠Δ ిࢠδϟʔφϧʹ͍ͭͯɺ෼୲෦ہ͕ܦඅෛ୲Λதࢭ͢Δ৔߹ʹ͸ ਤॻؗ΋ߪೖதࢭΛݕ౼͢Δͱ͓ͯ͠Γɺ͜ͷ౓ɺ෦ہ͔Β ෼୲தࢭͷਃ͠ग़ͷ͋ͬͨҎԼͷిࢠδϟʔφϧʹ͍ͭͯɺ ෟଐਤॻؗӡӦҕһձͰͷ৹ٞͷ݁Ռɺதࢭ͕ܾఆ͠·ͨ͠ͷͰ ͓஌Βͤ͠·͢ɻ •ACM Digital Library ྩ࿨5೥12݄31೔Λ΋ͬͯதࢭɻ ྩ࿨6೥1݄1೔Ҏ߱͸ɺߪಡظؒதʢ2005೥2݄15೔͔Β 2023೥12݄31೔·Ͱʣʹץߦ͞Εͨίϯςϯπ͕ར༻Մೳɻ • ৘ใֶ޿৔ɿ৘ใॲཧֶձిࢠਤॻؗ ྩ࿨6೥3݄31೔Λ΋ͬͯதࢭɻ ྩ࿨6೥4݄1೔Ҏ߱͸ɺਤॻؗ৘ใϝσΟΞܥͰͷߪೖʹΑΓ य़೔஍۠ͷΈͰར༻͕Մೳɻ ਤॻؗܦඅߪೖࡶࢽͷྩ࿨6೥தࢭλΠτϧʹ͍ͭͯ / ஜ೾େֶෟଐਤॻؗ https://www.tulips.tsukuba.ac.jp/lib/ja/information/20240122

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175 ΦϯϥΠϯδϟʔφϧར༻্ͷ஫ҙ • ػցతͳେྔΞΫηεɾμ΢ϯϩʔυ͸μϝɼઈର • αʔϏεఏڙऀ͸ɼෆ৹ͳΞΫηε͕ͳ͍͔Λৗʹ؂ࢹ͍ͯ͠Δ • ஜ೾େֶ͔Β౰֘αʔϏεΛར༻Ͱ͖ͳ͘ͳΔՄೳੑ͕ߴ͍ • ୭͕΍͔ͬͨ͸͙͢ʹ෼͔ΔɽશྗͰँͬͯͲ͏ʹ͔ڐͯ͠΋Β͏ ·Ͱ͸ஜ೾େֶ಺͔ΒαʔϏε͕࢖͑ͳ͘ͳΓɼօ͕ࠔΔࣄଶʹʀ ࢀߟ: ిࢠδϟʔφϧɾిࢠϒοΫɾσʔλϕʔεͷར༻ʹؔ͢Δ஫ҙࣄ߲ | ஜ೾େֶෟଐਤॻؗ https://www.tulips.tsukuba.ac.jp/lib/ja/dbinfo/dl-notice ਤ: ػցతͳେྔΞΫηε ͱ൑ఆ͞ΕɼBAN͞Εͨ ྫ (ACM Digital Library)

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176 176 ࢴഔମͱిࢠഔମͷҧ͍ɼ ిࢠԽʹΑΔ՝୊ͱՄೳੑ

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177 ΦϯϥΠϯδϟʔφϧͷ௕ظอଘ • େ൒ͷΦϯϥΠϯδϟʔφϧ͸ ֶज़ػؔͷਤॻؗߪಡͷܖ໿ʹґଘ͍ͯ͠Δ • ΞʔΧΠϒݖ: ߪಡܖ໿ظؒ෼ͷΞΫηεɾӾཡ͸อূ͞ΕΔ → ߪಡܖ໿ظ͕ؒ੾ΕΔͱΞΫηεɾӾཡͰ͖ͳ͘ͳͬͯ͠·͏ • ग़൛ࣾϓϥοτϑΥʔϜͷด࠯΍౗࢈౳ʹΑΔফ໓΁ͷඋ͑ • μʔΫΞʔΧΠϒ Dark Archive ͱݺ͹ΕΔ࢓૊Έ͕͋Δ • CLOCKSS (ΫϩοΫε)ɿ http://www.clockss.org/ • ීஈ͸ΞΫηεͰ͖ͳ͍ঢ়ଶͷΞʔΧΠϒΛߏங͠ɼۓٸ࣌ʹެ։ • αΠτΛؙ͝ͱίϐʔͨ͠΋ͷΛڞ༗͓ͯ͘͠ɽฏ࣌͸ίϐʔͷΈ • ஍ཧతʹ཭Εͨੈք12͔ॴͷϊʔυʹ෼ࢄͤͯ͞อଘ͢Δɽ ࢀߟ: CLOCKSS | େֶਤॻؗίϯιʔγΞϜ࿈߹ɿJUSTICE https://contents.nii.ac.jp/justice/clockss

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178 Ӿಡ΍ࢀরɼར༻ঢ়گͷՄࢹԽ • ͲΕ͚ͩಡ·Ε͍ͯΔ͔ ͲΕ͚ͩࢀর͞Ε͍ͯΔ͔ • ࢴഔମିग़ཤྺ ିग़ෆՄͩͬͨΒ OPAC౳Ͱݕࡧ͞Εͨճ਺ • ࢴഔମॻ୨͔ΒखʹऔΒΕͨճ਺Λूܭ ར༻ऀͷߦಈΛ؍࡯ ˠ࡭ࢠΛॻ୨ʹྠΰϜΛ෇͚ͯઃஔ͠ɼͦΕ͕֎Εͨճ਺Λूܭ͢Δ ˠར༻ޙɼ௚઀ຊ୨ʹฦͣ͞ʹॴఆͷ৔ॴʹฦͤ͞Δ͜ͱͰ೺Ѳ͢Δ • ΢ΣϒΛ௨ͯ͡ྲྀ௨͢Δ͜ͱʹΑΔಛੑ • ΞΫηεϩά ˠΞΫηε΍μ΢ϯϩʔυͷճ਺͕ूܭͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹͳͬͨ ˠ௨ৗͷ΢ΣϒαΠτ΋؅ཧऀ͸ΞΫηεϩάΛݟΔ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ • ιʔγϟϧϝσΟΞ౳Ͱͷݴٴɾࢀর

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179 ΞΫηεϩά ϦΫΤετ Ϩεϙϯε ΫϥΠΞϯτ αʔό ΞΫηεϩά͕ อଘ͞ΕΔ αʔόαΠυϩά ͱ΋ݺ͹ΕΔ 133.51.219.140 - - [23/Jan/2023:20:41:48 +0900] "GET /sample.html HTTP/1.1" 200 114 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/109.0.0.0 Safari/537.36" 133.51.219.140 ͱ͍͏IPΞυϨε͔Β 2023೥1݄23೔ 20࣌41෼48ඵ ʹ sample.html ͱ͍͏ϑΝΠϧ΁ͷΞΫηεϦΫΤετ͕͋ͬͨ ϦΫΤετʹର͢ΔHTTPεςʔλείʔυ (݁Ռ) ͸ʮ200 (੒ޭ)ʯͰ͋ͬͨ

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180 180 ͜ͷ࿦จʹର͢ΔιʔγϟϧϝσΟΞ౳Ͱͷݴٴɾࢀর https://www.altmetric.com/details/497618 • altmetricsňalternative ୅ସతͳ ʼn ňmetrics ࢦඪ ʼn • ඃҾ༻Λத৺ͱͨ͠ධՁࢦඪʹର͢Δ୅ସతͳࢦඪ ࿦จπΠʔτ͸Ҿ༻Λ༧ଌ͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δͷ͔ Eysenbach, Gunther: “Can Tweets Predict Citations? Metrics of Social Impact Based on Twitter and Correlation with Traditional Metrics of Scientific Impact”, Journal of Medical Internet Research, Vol. 13, No. 4, p. e123, 2011. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.2012. ιʔγϟϧϝσΟΞ౳Ͱͷݴٴɾࢀর

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181 181 ΦʔϓϯΞΫηεͱ ػؔϦϙδτϦ Ћ

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182 ΦʔϓϯΞΫηε Open Access • ΢ΣϒΛհͯ͠ɼֶज़࿦จʹ୭΋͕ແྉͰΞΫηεͯ͠ ར༻Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δ͜ͱɽུশ͸0" • ෳ਺ͷܗଶ͕ଘࡏ͢ΔɽҎԼ͸ɼಛʹ༗໊ͳέʔε  ໊শ ܝࡌઌ අ༻ෛ୲ऀ 1 ΰʔϧυΦʔϓϯΞΫηε ΦʔϓϯΞΫηεࢽ ஶऀ 2 ϋΠϒϦουΦʔϓϯΞΫηε ߪಡࢽ ஶऀ 3 άϦʔϯΦʔϓϯΞΫηε ػؔϦϙδτϦ౳ ஶऀ

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183 ΦʔϓϯΞΫηε Open Access • ΰʔϧυΦʔϓϯΞΫηε • ஶऀ͕࿦จܝࡌྉ (APC, Article processing charge) Λࢧ෷͏λΠϓ • ݚڀͷݪࢿ͸ࠃຽͷوॏͳ੫ۚͳͷͰ੒Ռ͸ެ։͢Δඞཁ͕͋Δɼ • ࿦จΛΦʔϓϯʹ͢Δͱಡऀ͕૿͑ΔɼҾ༻͞ΕΔճ਺͕૿͑ΔͳͲ https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01190-z 2022೥2݄ • 2,090 USD • 27ສԁ • ݚڀඅ (Պݚඅ) Ͱ ࢧ෷ͬͨ • ൓ڹ͸……??

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184 ΦʔϓϯΞΫηε Open Access • ϋΠϒϦουΦʔϓϯΞΫηε • ஶऀ͕࿦จܝࡌྉ (APC, Article processing charge) Λ ࢧ෷͏λΠϓ • ͦΕͧΕͷ࿦จͷஶऀ͕ΦʔϓϯΞΫηεʹ͢Δ͠ͳ͍ ΛܾΊΔ

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185 ྫScientometrics https://link.springer. com/journal/11192/ https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-023-04845-9 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-023-04867-3

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186 ΦʔϓϯΞΫηε Open Access • άϦʔϯΦʔϓϯΞΫηε • ػؔϦϙδτϦ౳ʹஶऀ͕ࣗΒ࿦จΛࡌͤΔ͜ͱͰެ։͢Δ https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49304-6_40 ग़൛ࣾ൛ ஶऀ࠷ऴߘhttp://hdl.handle.net/2241/00144576

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187 ػؔϦϙδτϦͱ͸ ػؔϦϙδτϦ / institutional repository େֶ΍ݚڀػ͕ؔओମͱͳͬͯॴଐݚڀऀͷ஌తੜ࢈෺Λిࢠతʹऩूɼ ஝ੵɼఏڙ͢ΔγεςϜɼ·ͨͦͷαʔϏεɽֶज़ػؔϦϙδτϦͱ΋͍͏ɽ ਤॻؗ৘ใֶ༻ޠࣙయ ΑΓҾ༻ ͭ͘͹ϦϙδτϦ https://tsukuba.repo.nii.ac.jp/ page/24 ͭ͘͹ϦϙδτϦ ஜ೾େֶͰੜΈग़͞Εͨ ݚڀɾڭҭ੒Ռʢֶज़࿦จɾ ത࢜࿦จɾݚڀใࠂॻɾڭࡐ ͳͲʣΛӬଓతʹ஝ੵɾอଘ ͠ɼΠϯλʔωοτΛ௨ͯ͠ ͲͳͨͰ΋ແྉʹΞΫηε Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ʹެ։͢Δ

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188 http://hdl.handle.net/2241/120257

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189 ػؔϦϙδτϦͱ͸ ػؔϦϙδτϦ / institutional repository େֶ΍ݚڀػ͕ؔओମͱͳͬͯॴଐݚڀऀͷ஌తੜ࢈෺Λిࢠతʹऩूɼ ஝ੵɼఏڙ͢ΔγεςϜɼ·ͨͦͷαʔϏεɽֶज़ػؔϦϙδτϦͱ΋͍͏ɽ ਤॻؗ৘ใֶ༻ޠࣙయ ΑΓҾ༻ ྫ: CiNii Dissertations ݕࡧ - wikipedia https://ci.nii.ac.jp/d/search?advanced=false&count=20 &sortorder=1&q=wikipedia&range=0 • ژ౎େֶɼஜ೾େֶɼૣҴాେֶɼେࡕେֶɼܚጯٛक़େֶʜʜ

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190 190 • ϝλσʔλͷϋʔϕεςΟϯά ऩ֭ Λߦ͏ͨΊͷ࢓૊Έ • ͦΕͧΕͷΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ΍γεςϜʹґଘ͠ͳ͍ɼ ૬ޓ࢖༻ՄೳͳϑϨʔϜϫʔΫΛఏڙ͢ΔͨΊͷ࢓૊Έ • 0"*1.)ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫͷࢀՃऀʹ͸࣍ͷ͕ͭ͋Δ • Data ProvidersσʔλఏڙऀɼσʔλΛ͋͛Δଆ • Service ProvidersαʔϏεఏڙऀɼσʔλΛ΋Β͏ଆ 0"*1.) Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting 190 ग़య: Open Archives Initiative - Protocol for Metadata Harvesting - v.2.0 https://www.nii.ac.jp/irp/archive/translation/oai-pmh2.0/OpenArchivesProtocol.htm

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191 191 0"*1.)Λ࢖༻ͨ͠αʔϏεྫ Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting 191 nػؔϦϙδτϦ Ø σʔλΛ͋͛Δଆ • ػؔϦϙδτϦʹऩ࿥͞Ε͍ͯΔίϯςϯπʹؔ͢Δ ϝλσʔλ • ʮͭ͘͹ϦϙδτϦʯ΋ରԠ͍ͯ͠ΔJAIRO Cloud nIRDBֶज़ػؔϦϙδτϦσʔλϕʔε Ø σʔλΛ΋Β͏ଆ • ֤ػؔϦϙδτϦͷίϯςϯπ৘ใ΍౷ܭ৘ใΛू໿

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192 192 ֶज़ػؔϦϙδτϦ σʔλϕʔε ྫ: ͭ͘͹ϦϙδτϦʹ͓͍ͯɼ 2022೥5݄1೔͔Β2022೥5݄31೔·Ͱͷ ظؒʹ࡞੒͞ΕͨϨίʔυΛ͢΂ͯऔಘ͢Δ ↓ https://tsukuba.repo.nii.ac.jp/oai?verb=ListRecords& metadataPrefix=oai_dc&from=2022-05-01 &until=2022-05-31 ΋Β͏ଆ ϋʔϕετ ͋͛Δଆ

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193 193 ֶज़ػؔϦϙδτϦ σʔλϕʔε ΋Β͏ଆ ϋʔϕετ ͋͛Δଆ https://ci.nii.ac.jp/d/ ԣஅݕࡧɾ౷߹ݕࡧ

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194 194 194 ࠃཱࠃձਤॻؗɺֶҐ࿦จʢത࢜ʣͷσδλϧԽ࣮ࢪʹ ܎Δஶ࡞ݖॲཧʹ͍ͭͯൃද 2010-09-17 国立国会図書館は2010年9月17日、「学位論文（博士）のデジタル化実施に係 る著作権処理について」を記者発表しました。 これは、ࠃཱࠃձਤॻ͕ؗσδλϧԽを行う、1991೥౓͔Β2000೥౓·Ͱʹ ࠃཱࠃձਤॻؗʹૹ෇͞ΕֶͨҐ࿦จʢത࢜ʣ໿14ສ݅෼について、(1) 国立 国会図書館における全文複写提供及び公衆送信、(2) σδλϧԽֶͨ͠Ґ࿦จ ͷෳ੡෺ͷ学位授与大学への譲渡、(3) 学位授与大学における (2) で譲渡された 複製物のશจෳࣸఏڙٴͼެऺૹ৴ɺͷڐ୚ΛɺֶҐ࿦จͷஶऀʹґཔ͢Δと いうものです。この許諾依頼は、国立国会図書館と学位授与大学（一部を除 く）が協力して行います。 ࠃཱࠃձਤॻؗɺֶҐ࿦จʢത࢜ʣͷσδλϧԽ࣮ࢪʹ܎Δஶ࡞ݖॲཧʹ͍ͭ ͯൃද | ΧϨϯτΞ΢ΣΞωεɾϙʔλϧ https://current.ndl.go.jp/car/16838 ୈ2ճͷतۀࢿྉΑΓ

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195 195 ത࢜࿦จͷΠϯλʔωοτެද: ֶҐنଇվਖ਼ • 学位の授与等について定めた学位規則（昭和28年文部省令第9号）の一部 がこのほど改正され，2013೥4݄1೔Ҏ߱ʹत༩͞Εͨ博士の学位に係る 論文（ത࢜࿦จ）は，ݪଇͱͯ͠ैདྷͷҹ࡮ެදʹ୅͑ͯɼΠϯλʔωο τΛར༻ͯ͠ެදされることになった。 • վਖ਼ֶҐنଇͰ͸ɼത࢜߸औಘऀ͸ɼֶҐत༩೔͔Β1೥Ҏ಺ʹɼେֶ౳ ͷڠྗΛಘͯ࿦จશจΛΠϯλʔωοτͰެද͢Δ͜ͱ͕ٛ຿෇͚ΒΕͨɻ தུ ͨͩ͠ɼ தུ ΍ΉΛಘͳ͍ࣄ༝͕͋Δ৔߹ʹ͸ɼେֶ౳ͷঝೝΛ ಘͨ͏͑Ͱɼશจʹ୅͑ͯཁ໿Λެද͢Δ͜ͱ͕Մೳͱ͞Ε͍ͯΔɻ • ެදʹ͋ͨͬͯ͸ɼֶҐत༩େֶ౳ͷػؔϦϙδτϦʢࠃཱ৘ใֶݚڀॴ ʢ/**ʣ͕ఏڙ͢Δڞ༻ϦϙδτϦαʔϏεʹΑΔϦϙδτϦΛؚΉʣΛར༻ ͢Δ͜ͱ͕ݪଇͱ͞Ε͍ͯΔɻ ग़య: E1418 – ത࢜࿦จͷΠϯλʔωοτެදɿֶҐنଇվਖ਼ | ΧϨϯτΞ΢ΣΞωεɾϙʔλϧ https://current.ndl.go.jp/e1418

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196 ֶज़࿦จͷւ଑൛αΠτ: Sci-Hub Sci-Hub: knowledge must be free https://sci-hub.se/ Sci-Hub: statistics https://sci-hub.se/stats • ֶज़࿦จΛର৅ͱͨ͠ҧ๏ڞ༗αΠτ • 2011೥9݄ʹAlexandra Elbakyan (ΞϨΫαϯυϥɾΤϧόΩΞϯ) ্ཱ͕ͪ͛ͨ • total: 88,343,822 docs • users: 42,444 in 1h • ࠃผͷμ΢ϯϩʔυॱҐ: 1Ґ தࠃɼ2Ґ ΞϝϦΧɼ3Ґ Πϯυ …… 10Ґ ೔ຊ !

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197 ֶज़࿦จͷւ଑൛αΠτ: Sci-Hub • Sci-Hubར༻ͷ࢓૊Έ • ग़య: େ୩पฏ; ࡔ౦ܚଠ: ʮ࿦จւ଑αΠτSci-HubΛ८Δಈ޲ͱ೔ຊʹ͓͚Δར༻࣮ଶʯ, ৘ใͷՊֶͱٕज़, Vol. 68, No. 10, pp. 513-519, 2018. https://doi.org/10.18919/jkg.68.10_513 ਤ2ΑΓൈਮ

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198 198 ࢀߟࢿྉ Further readings 198 Anderson, Rick; ٶೖெࢠ: ʮֶज़ίϛϡχέʔγϣϯ ೖ໳ : ஌͍ͬͯΔΑ͏Ͱ ஌Βͳ͍128ͷٙ໰ʯ. ΞυεϦʔ, 2022. ૔ాܟࢠ: ʮֶज़৘ใྲྀ௨ ͱΦʔϓϯΞΫηεʯ. Ⴛ૲ॻ๪, 2007. ༗ాਖ਼ن: ʮֶज़ग़൛ͷ དྷͨಓʯ. ؠ೾Պֶ ϥΠϒϥϦʔ. ؠ೾ॻళ, 2021.

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199 199 ୈ4ճͷ·ͱΊͱ࣍ճͷ༧ఆ 199 ຊ೔͸ɼҎԼͷࣄ߲Λத৺ʹֶͼ·ͨ͠ • ֶज़ࡶࢽ δϟʔφϧ ͱ͸Կ͔ • ֶज़ࡶࢽɾ࿦จͷ୳͠ํࢴഔମɼిࢠഔମ • ిࢠԽʹΑΔ՝୊ΦϯϥΠϯδϟʔφϧͷ௕ظอଘ • ిࢠԽʹΑΔՄೳੑӾಡ΍ࢀরɼར༻ঢ়گ͕ՄࢹԽͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ • ΦʔϓϯΞΫηεͱػؔϦϙδτϦɼ0"*1.) • ֶज़࿦จͷւ଑൛αΠτ4DJ)VC ࣍ճ͸ɼʮӬଓతࣝผࢠʯͳͲʹ͍ͭͯѻ͍·͢

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200 ίϯςϯπྲྀ௨ج൫֓࿦ ஜ೾େֶਤॻؗ৘ใϝσΟΞܥ ٢઒࣍࿠[email protected] # ೔෇ ֓ཁ 5 1݄25೔ (໦) ֶज़ݚڀ෼໺ʹ͓͚Δίϯςϯπͷಉఆɾࣝผ΍ɼӬଓతͳ ར༻ͷͨΊͷج൫

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201 201 લճͷ͓͞Β͍

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202 202 • ֶज़ࡶࢽ δϟʔφϧ ͱ͸Կ͔ • ֶज़ࡶࢽɾ࿦จͷ୳͠ํ • ࢴഔମ ˠ ूຶॻՍ • ిࢠഔମ ˠ CiNii, J-STAGE • ిࢠԽʹΑΔ՝୊ΦϯϥΠϯδϟʔφϧͷ௕ظอଘ • ిࢠԽʹΑΔՄೳੑӾಡ΍ࢀরɼར༻ঢ়گͷՄࢹԽ • ΦʔϓϯΞΫηεͱػؔϦϙδτϦɼ0"*1.) • ֶज़࿦จͷւ଑൛αΠτSci-Hub લճͷतۀͰѻͬͨ಺༰1

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203 203 લճͷतۀͰѻͬͨ಺༰ 2 • ΢ΣϒΛհͯ͠ɼֶज़࿦จʹ୭΋͕ແྉͰΞΫηεͯ͠ ར༻Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δ͜ͱɽུশ͸0" • ෳ਺ͷܗଶ͕ଘࡏ͢ΔɽҎԼ͸ɼಛʹ༗໊ͳέʔε  ໊শ ܝࡌઌ අ༻ෛ୲ऀ 1 ΰʔϧυΦʔϓϯΞΫηε ΦʔϓϯΞΫηεࢽ ஶऀ 2 ϋΠϒϦουΦʔϓϯΞΫηε ߪಡࢽ ஶऀ 3 άϦʔϯΦʔϓϯΞΫηε ػؔϦϙδτϦ౳ ஶऀ • ΰʔϧυͱϋΠϒϦουͰ͸࿦จ1ฤ͋ͨΓ਺ेສԁఔ౓ͷඅ༻͕͔͔Δ • ՊݚඅΛ͸͡Ίͱ͢Δڝ૪త֎෦ࢿۚͰࢧ෷͏͜ͱ͕ଟ͍ • άϦʔϯΦʔϓϯΞΫηεͰ͸ར༻ऀ ஶऀ ͷෛ୲͸θϩͷ৔߹͕ଟ͍ • ͭ͘͹ϦϙδτϦͷ৔߹ɼஜ೾େֶෟଐਤॻؗʹґཔͯ͠౥ࡌ͢Δ

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204 204 લճͷఏग़՝୊͔Β #1 p ຊ೔ͷतۀ಺༰ʹ͍ͭͯɼ͋ͳ͕ͨॏཁͩͱߟ͑Δ ΩʔϫʔυΛͭڍ͛ɼͦͷཧ༝ͱͱ΋ʹهड़͍ͯͩ͘͠͞ɽ • ࠪಡ੍౓ɼΦʔϓϯΞΫηεɼػؔϦϙδτϦͷճ౴͕ଟ͍ • ࢥΘͣ໨ΛҾ͍ͨճ౴ʮαʔϏεͷ͏͠Ζʹਓ͕͍Δʯ • $J/JJͷͳ͔ͷͻͱؔ࿈Ͱग़͍ͯͨ࿩୊ pॳΊͯ஌ͬͨ͜ͱɼҙ֎ʹࢥͬͨ͜ͱɼߟ͑ͨ͜ͱ • ࿦จͷஶऀ͕͓ۚΛࢧ෷͏γεςϜͰ͋Δ఺ʹڻ͍ͨ • େֶ͕ిࢠδϟʔφϧΛ༗ྉܖ໿͍ͯ͠Δ͜ͱΛ஌Βͳ͔ͬͨ • Sci-Hubʹ͍ͭͯɼ࿦จͷւ଑൛αΠτ͕͋Δ͜ͱʹڻ͍ͨ

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205 205 લճͷఏग़՝୊͔Β #2 େֶػؔͱͯ͠Ͱ͸ͳ͘ɺय़೔஍۠ͷΈͷར༻΋Մೳͱ͍͏ͷ͸ ڻ͖ͩͬͨɻ ৘ใֶ޿৔ͷܖ໿ʹ͍ͭͯ 1. ʮਤॻؗ৘ใେֶͱͷ౷߹ޙɺஜ೾େֶͱͯ͠͸ɺ130.158.0.0/16 ͱ 133.51.0.0/16 ͷ̎ͭͷΫϥε̗ͷάϩʔόϧ IP ΞυϨεΛ؅ཧʯ https://www.cc.tsukuba.ac.jp/wp/service/etc_network/ 2. य़೔஍۠ͷ؅ཧIPΞυϨε https://www.slis.tsukuba.ac.jp/ipc/network/

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206 206 1. αϯΩϡʔλπΦஶʮϔϯͳ࿦จʯ • https://www.kadokawa.co.jp/product/321706000481/ 2. Ceek.jp Altmetrics http://altmetrics.ceek.jp/ • ʮਫͷߗ౓͕ڇ೑ ܲ೑͓Αͼ͡Ό͕͍΋ͷਫࣽʹٴ΅͢Өڹʯ • ʮྫྷౚถ൧ͷ඼࣭ʹٴ΅͢ਬ൧ޙͷྫྷ·͠޻ఔͱྫྷౚอଘ৚݅ͷӨڹʯ • ͪͳΈʹ٢ాޫஉઌੜ Ittps://www.gssm.otsuka.tsukuba.ac.jp/~mitsuo/ ʮܭྔॻࢽֶͷ৽ͨͳ௅ઓ ࠃ࢈ΦϧτϝτϦΫεܭଌαʔϏεͷ ։ൃʯ৘ใͷՊֶͱٕज़ https://doi.org/10.18919/jkg.64.12_501 લճͷఏग़՝୊͔Β #3 206 +45"(&ͰՋͳͱ͖ʹద౰ͳϫʔυΛೖΕͯख͝Ζͳ࿦จΛݟͨΓ ͢ΔͷͰ͕͢ɺ໘ന͍࿦จͷ୳͠ํͳͲ͋Ε͹͓ฉ͖͍ͨ͠Ͱ͢ɻ

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207 207 લճͷఏग़՝୊͔Β #4 207 ͣͬͱෆࢥٞʹࢥ͍͕ͬͯͨɺCiNiiͰࢿྉΛௐ΂ͨࡍʹɺ೚ҙͷࢿྉΛ ΫϦοΫ͢Δͱʮ͜ͷਤॻɾࡶࢽΛ͕͢͞ʯͱଞͷαΠτͰ΋ݕࡧͰ͖ Δػೳ͕͋Γɺ͜ͷ͍͔ͭ͘ͷαΠτͨͪͷதʹʮTulips Linkerʯ͕ ͋Δͷ͕ෆࢥٞɻͳͥɺଞͷେֶͷ΋ͷͰ͸ͳ͘ஜ೾େֶͳͷ͔ • ஜ೾େֶ͔ΒΞΫηε͍ͯ͠Δ͔ɼϩάΠϯ͍ͯ͠ΔͨΊͰ͢ɽ • CiNii BooksͷϦϯΫ https://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BB25176449 • ΞΫηε৘ใʲ࢖༻தͷ*1ΞυϨε֬ೝʳ https://www.cman.jp/network/support/go_access.cgi • ͦ΋ͦ΋ɼTulips LinkerͬͯԿ • .-·ͱΊϦϯΫϦκϧό·ͱΊ -JGPXJLJ • ͸͍͸͍5VMJQT-JOLFSɺ5VMJQT-JOLFS͔ͨͭΉΓ͸ిࢠਤॻؗͷ ເΛΈΔ͔ʢ͸ͯͳϒϩά൛ʣ • ͪͳΈʹࠤ౻ᠳઌੜhttps://researchmap.jp/min2fly

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208 208 Webͷίϯςϯπʹ͓͚Δ ϦϯΫ੾ΕΛ๷͙ʹ͸

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209 209 209 Webͷίϯςϯπ͸มΘΓ΍͍͢ • 2003೥ʹ͓͚Δௐࠪ • 4͔݄ؒɺຖ೔72ສ݅ͷ΢ΣϒϖʔδΛର৅ʹมߋΛௐࠪͨ͠ • Webϖʔδͷ40%͕1िؒҎ಺ʹมߋ͞Εɼ.comυϝΠϯʹ ෼ྨ͞ΕΔϖʔδͷ23%͕ຖ೔มߋ͞Ε͍ͯͨ • 2014೥ʹ͓͚Δௐࠪ • 1997೥͔Β2012೥ʹެද͞Εͨ350ສ݅ͷֶज़࿦จΛର৅ʹɼ Ҿ༻͞Ε͍ͯΔ΢Σϒϖʔδ100ສ݅ͷঢ়گΛௐࠪͨ͠ • ֶज़࿦จͰҾ༻͞Ε͍ͯΔ΢Σϒϖʔδʹ͍ͭͯɼ શମͷ5෼ͷ1ʹ͓͍ͯϦϯΫ੾Ε͕ੜ͍ͯ͡Δ A large-scale study of the evolution of web pages | Proceedings of the 12th international conference on World Wide Web https://doi.org/10.1145/775152.775246 Scholarly Context Not Found: One in Five Articles Suffers from Reference Rot | PLOS ONE https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0115253 ͜Ε·Ͱͷतۀࢿྉ͔Β

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210 210 Tim Berners-Lee 210 • 1990೥ʹTim Berners-LeeʹΑͬͯൃ໌͞ΕͨγεςϜ • Web͸ʮ஖ᥨͷ૥ʯͷҙຯ ը૾ͷग़య: File:Sir Tim Berners-Lee (cropped).jpg - Wikimedia Commons https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sir_Tim_Be rners-Lee_(cropped).jpg HTTP ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ ϓϩτίϧ HTML ϋΠύʔϝσΟΞ ϑΥʔϚοτ URI Ϧιʔεࣝผࢠ HTTP͸URIͰૢ࡞ର৅Λ ࢦఆ͢Δ HTMLͷϦϯΫ͸URIΛར༻͢Δ HTML͸HTTPͰ ΍ΓऔΓ͞ΕΔ WebΛࢧ͑Δ࠷΋جૅతͳٕज़ (ࢀߟ) ࢁຊཅฏ: ʮWebΛࢧ͑Δٕज़ : HTTP, URI, HTML, ͦͯ͠RESTʯ. Web+DB PressϓϥεγϦʔζ. ٕज़ධ ࿦ࣾ, 2010. ͜Ε·Ͱͷतۀࢿྉ͔Β

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211 211 Cool URIs don’t change ΫʔϧͳURI͸มΘΒͳ͍ ΫʔϧͳURIͱ͸มΘΒͳ͍΋ͷͷ͜ͱɻ ͲΜͳURI͕มΘͬͯ͠·͏? URI͸มΘΒͳ͍: ਓ͕ͦΕΛมߋ͢Δͷͩɻ ݪจ Tim Berners-Lee: Hypertext Style: Cool URIs don't change. https://www.w3.org/Provider/Style/URI.html ຋༁ ਆ࡚ਖ਼ӳ: ΫʔϧͳURI͸มΘΒͳ͍ -- Style Guide for Online Hypertext https://www.kanzaki.com/docs/Style/URI • 1998೥ʹTim Berners-Lee͕ࣔͨ͠ߟ͑ํ • URI͕มΘΔͷ͸ɺͦͷதʹؚ·ΕΔԿΒ͔ͷ৘ใ͕มΘͬͯ͠·͏৔߹ͳͷͰɺ υΩϡϝϯτͷ࡞੒೔ - URI͕ઃఆ͞Εͨ೔෇ͳͲͷෆมͷཁૉΛ༻͍Δͱྑ͍ ˒URIʹؚΊͳ͍Α͏ʹ͢Δ͜ͱ͕ਪ঑͞Ε͍ͯΔཁૉͷྫ • ࡞ऀ໊ • ୲౰ऀ͕૊৫Λ΍ΊΔͳͲͷཧ༝Ͱɺ࡞ऀ͸มΘΓ͏Δ • υΩϡϝϯτͷόʔδϣϯ΍ঢ়ଶΛࣔ͢Α͏ͳ୯ޠ • old, draft, latest ͳͲ͸࢖Θͳ͍΄͏͕ྑ͍ • ϑΝΠϧ໊ͷ֦ுࢠ • .cgi, .htmlͳͲ͸কདྷతʹมΘΔ͔΋͠Εͳ͍ͷͰΦεεϝ͠ͳ͍ • ֦ுࢠͳ͠ͰΞΫηεͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δઃఆͷਪ঑

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212 212 ӬଓతͳΞΫηεΛ࣮ݱ͢Δʹ͸? 1. URI͕มΘΒͳ͚Ε͹ɼͦͷURIʹΞΫηε͢Δ͜ͱͰ࣮ݱՄೳ • ͦͷυϝΠϯ໊Λอ࣋͢ΔձࣾͷഇۀɼαʔόΛҡ࣋Ͱ͖ͳ͘ͳͬͨ ৔߹͸ɼ΍ΉΛಘͳ͍།Ұͷཧ༝ͱͯ͠Tim Berners-Lee΋ڐ༰ • ͜Εʹ͸֤ਓͷ౒ྗ΍URIΛઃܭ͢Δηϯε͕ඞཁෆՄܽͰ͋Δ • ࣮ࡍͷͱ͜ΖɼϦϯΫ੾ΕͩΒ͚ɾɾɾ 2. ίϯςϯπͷॴࡏ͕มΘͬͯ΋ɼಉ͡URIͰΞΫηεͰ͖ͨΒղܾ! • ͓લ͸ҰମɼԿΛݴ͍ͬͯΔΜͩɾɾɾ • ͦΕ͕Ͱ͖ΔͷͳΒɼ1൪ͷ࿩͸ͦ΋ͦ΋ग़ͯ͜ͳ͍ͷͰ͸ͳ͍͔?? • URI = ͦͷίϯςϯπͷॴࡏͰ͠ΐ͏? ໃ६͍ͯ͠ΔͷͰ͸?? • ຊ೔͸ɼͪ͜ΒͷΞϓϩʔνͷ࿩Λ͠·͢ɽ

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213 213 HTTPͷεςʔλείʔυ #1 213 εςʔλείʔυ͸3ܻͷ਺ࣈͰɼઌ಄ͷܻͰ෼ྨͰ͖Δ 1XX ॲཧத • ॲཧ͕ܧଓ͍ͯ͠Δ͜ͱΛࣔ͢ 2XX ੒ޭ • ϦΫΤετ͕੒ޭͨ͜͠ͱΛࣔ͢ 3XX ϦμΠϨΫτ • ΄͔ͷϦιʔε΁ͷϦμΠϨΫτΛࣔ͢ 4XX ΫϥΠΞϯτΤϥʔ • ΫϥΠΞϯτଆͰͷΤϥʔΛࣔ͢ 5XX αʔόΤϥʔ • αʔόଆͰͷΤϥʔΛࣔ͢ (ࢀߟ) ࢁຊཅฏ: 8.3 εςʔλείʔυͷ෼ྨͱҙຯ, ʮWebΛࢧ͑Δٕज़ : HTTP, URI, HTML, ͦͯ͠ RESTʯ. Web+DB PressϓϥεγϦʔζ. ٕज़ධ࿦ࣾ, 2010. ͜Ε·Ͱͷतۀࢿྉ͔Β ˒

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214 214 HTTPͷεςʔλείʔυ #2 214 4XX ΫϥΠΞϯτΤϥʔ • 404Not Found  ࢦఆͨ͠Ϧιʔε͕ଘࡏ͠ͳ͍ ϦΫΤετ Ϩεϙϯε ΫϥΠΞϯτ αʔό Not Found The requested URL was not found on this server. Page Not Found. ͪ͜Βଆʹ໰୊͋Γ ஜ೾େֶͷ΢ΣϒαΠτ ͜Ε·Ͱͷतۀࢿྉ͔Β

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215 215 HTTPͷεςʔλείʔυ #3 215 3XX ϦμΠϨΫτ • 301Moved Permanently • 302 Found ϦΫΤετ Ϩεϙϯε ΫϥΠΞϯτ αʔό ϦΫΤετͰࢦఆ͞ΕͨϦιʔε͕৽͍͠63*ʹҠಈͨ͜͠ͱΛࣔ͢ɽ ͸߃ٱతͳҠಈɼ͸Ұ࣌తͳҠಈΛࣔ͢ɽ ͦͷϦιʔε͸Ҡಈ ͠·ͨ͠ɽҠಈઌΛ ڭ͑ΔͷͰɼͦͪΒ ʹߦ͍ͬͯͩ͘͞ • 303See Other ผͷURIɽϦΫΤετʹର͢Δॲཧ݁Ռ͕ผͷURIͰऔಘͰ͖Δ͜ͱΛࣔ͢ɽ (ࢀߟ) ࢁຊཅฏ: 8.4 Α͘࢖ΘΕΔεςʔλείʔυ, ʮWebΛࢧ͑Δٕज़ : HTTP, URI, HTML, ͦͯ͠ RESTʯ. Web+DB PressϓϥεγϦʔζ. ٕज़ධ࿦ࣾ, 2010.

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216 216 ϦμΠϨΫτͷ۩ମྫ #1 216 https://t.co/m6uyG0cpC1 https://twitter.com/ntsuji/status/1615997249636675584

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217 217 ϦμΠϨΫτͷ۩ମྫ #2 217 https://t.co/m6uyG0cpC1 $ curl -I -L 'https://t.co/m6uyG0cpC1' HTTP/2 301 date: Wed, 25 Jan 2023 12:08:45 GMT location: https://www.appps.jp/374201/ HTTP/2 200 server: nginx adate: Wed, 25 Jan 2023 12:08:46 GMT content-type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 ϦΫΤετ Ϩεϙϯε ΫϥΠΞϯτ αʔό ͦͷϦιʔε͸Ҡಈ͠·ͨ͠ɽ Ҡಈઌ͸ https://www.appps.jp/374201/ ͳͷͰɼͦͪΒʹߦ͍ͬͯͩ͘͞

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218 218 Πϝʔδᶃ 218 https://www.irasutoya.com/2013/07/blog- post_956.html https://www.irasutoya.com/202 1/01/blog-post_49.html ۝भେֶͷதԝਤॻؗ͸ Ͳ͜ʹ͋Γ·͔͢ ശ࡚Ωϟϯύεʹ ͋Γ·͢Αɻॅॴ͸ʙ ·͋ɼ஌ͬͯͨ ͚ͲͶʙ ۝भେֶͷதԝਤॻؗ͸ Ͳ͜ʹ͋Γ·͔͢ ҏ౎Ωϟϯύεʹ ͋Γ·͢Αɻॅॴ͸ʙ ͍ͭͷؒʹ͔৔ ॴมΘͬͨͷ ͋ͿͶʙ

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219 219 Πϝʔδᶄ 219 https://www.irasutoya.com/2013/07/blog- post_956.html https://www.irasutoya.com/202 1/01/blog-post_49.html ʮͭ͘͹ࢢ໾ॴʯͷ ॅॴΛڭ͍͑ͯͩ͘͞ ·͋ɼ஌ͬͯͨ ͚ͲͶʙ ॅॴ͕มΘͬͯ ͍Δɾɾɾ ˞͜ͷ৔߹ɼ ৔ॴ͸ಉ͡ ʮͭ͘͹ࢢ໾ॴʯͷ ॅॴΛڭ͍͑ͯͩ͘͞ Ἒ৓ݝͭ͘͹ࢢݚڀֶԂ Ұஸ໨൪஍Ͱ͢Αʙ Ἒ৓ݝͭ͘͹ࢢןؒ 2530൪஍2 (ݚڀֶԂ D32֗۠2ը஍)Ͱ͢Αʙ

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220 220 ݚڀֶԂӺ஍͕۠৽ॅॴʹมΘΓ·ͨ͠ ׉৓Ұମܕಛఆ౔஍۠ը੔ཧࣄۀʢݚڀֶԂӺ஍۠ʣͷ ׵஍ॲ෼ެࠂʹ൐͍ɺฏ੒೥݄೔ʢ౔༵೔ʣ͔Βɺ ݚڀֶԂӺ஍۠͸৽ॅॴʹมΘΓ·ͨ͠ɻ ॅॴͷදࣔͷมߋྫ •چɿͭ͘͹ࢢןؒ൪஍ʢݚڀֶԂ%֗۠ʣ •৽ɿͭ͘͹ࢢݚڀֶԂஸ໨൪஍ ϚϯγϣϯɺΞύʔτ౳ʹ͓ॅ·͍ͷํ͸ɺॅॴͷޙ ʹ໊শɾ౩൪߸ɾࣨ൪߸౳ΛैདྷͲ͓Γهࡌ͢Δ͜ͱ ʹͳΓ·͢ɻ ݚڀֶԂӺ஍۠ͷ৽ॅॴʗͭ͘͹ࢢެࣜ΢ΣϒαΠτ https://www.city.tsukuba.lg.jp/soshikikarasagasu/shimimbushimimmadoguchika/gyo muannai/7/1/1/1002122.html

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221 221 ͭ͘͹ࢢެࣜ΢ΣϒαΠτͷϦχϡʔΞϧ ͭ͘͹ࢢެࣜ΢ΣϒαΠτ͸ɼฏ੒30೥2݄1೔ʢ໦༵೔ʣ ʹϦχϡʔΞϧ͠ɼυϝΠϯ͕มߋʹͳΓ·ͨ͠ɻ • ৽URL http://www.city.tsukuba.lg.jp/ ͭ͘͹ࢢͷ΢ΣϒαΠτΛʮ͓ؾʹೖΓʯ΍ʮϒοΫϚʔΫʯʹొ࿥͞Εͯ ͍Δํ͸ɼڪΕೖΓ·͕͢ɼΞυϨεมߋΛ͓ئ͍͍ͨ͠·͢ɻ ͳ͓ɼϦχϡʔΞϧ͔Β͠͹Β͘ͷظؒ͸ɼݕࡧΤϯδϯͳͲͰͭ͘͹ࢢͷ ϖʔδΛݕࡧͨ͠ࡍʹɼώοτͨ͠ϖʔδʹΞΫηεͰ͖ͳ͍ࣄྫ͕ൃੜ͢ ΔՄೳੑ͕͋Γ·͢ɻେม͓ख਺Λ͓͔͚͠·͕͢ɼ͝ཧղ͝ڠྗΛ͓ئ͍ ͍ͨ͠·͢ɻ ݚڀֶԂӺ஍۠ͷ৽ॅॴʗͭ͘͹ࢢެࣜ΢ΣϒαΠτ https://www.city.tsukuba.lg.jp/soshikikarasagasu/shimimbushimimmadoguchika/gyo muannai/7/1/1/1002122.html ϦχϡʔΞϧલ͸http://www.city.tsukuba.ibaraki.jp/ https://web.archive.org/web/20130613024318/http://www.city.tsukuba.ibaraki. jp/

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222 222 ӬଓతͳΞΫηεΛ࣮ݱ͢Δʹ͸? ίϯςϯπͷॴࡏ͕มΘͬͯ΋ɼಉ͡63*ͰΞΫηε Ͱ͖Ε͹ྑ͍ • ௚઀ɼίϯςϯπͷ৔ॴʹߦ͔ͣɼ࠷৽ͷॴࡏΛҊ಺ͯ͠΋Β͏ • ͦͷͨΊʹඞཁͳ࢓૊Έʹ͸Կ͕͋ΔͩΖ͏? • ίϯςϯπͷࣝผࢠ → ઌͷྫͰ͸ɼ۝भେֶͷதԝਤॻؗɼ੩Ԭେֶ৘ใֶ෦ (඿দ Ωϟϯύε) ͳͲɼ͋Εͷ͜ͱ͔! ͱ࣮֬ʹ෼͔Δඞཁ͋Γ • Ҋ಺ͯ͘͠ΕΔ࢓૊Έ → ϦμΠϨΫτػೳΛ࢖͑͹ྑͦ͞͏ • ͦͷ࣌఺Ͱͷॴࡏ → ॴࡏͷ৘ใ͕ݹ͍ͱḷΓண͚ͳ͍ ॴࡏ͕มΘͬͨΒཁΞοϓσʔτ • ίϯςϯπͷ࣮ମ → ͳ͍ͱݟΒΕͳ͍/ར༻Ͱ͖ͳ͍ ͜ΕΛ࣮ݱ͢ΔͨΊͷ࢓૊Έ͕Digital Object Identifier

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223 223 %0*ͱ͸Կ͔ Digital Object Identifier

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224 • ಡΈ͸ʮσΟʔΦʔΞΠʯͰ͢ɽ • υΠͩͱɼզʑͷײ֮Ͱ͸ʮ౔Ҫʯ͞ΜΛ࿈૝͢ΔͰ͠ΐ͏ ͱ ωλʹ͍ͯͨ͠Βւ֎ͰʮυʔΠʯͱݺΜͰ͍Δਓͱૺ۰͠·ͨ͠ • Document Object Identifier Ͱ͸͋Γ·ͤΜ%0*ܯ࡯ ͋ΒΏΔछྨͷΦϒδΣΫτͷӬଓతͰҰҙͳࣝผͷͨΊͷج൫ – ͋ΒΏΔछྨͷΦϒδΣΫτ ˠσδλϧΦϒδΣΫτʹݶఆͤͣɼ͋ΒΏΔछྨͷ ΦϒδΣΫτʹ෇༩ՄೳˠDigital Identifier of an Object – ݫີʹ͸ֶज़จݙʹݶఆ͞ΕΔ΋ͷͰ͸ͳ͍͕ɼ͜ͷतۀͰ͸ɼ ֶज़࿦จɼॻ੶ɼݚڀσʔλ౳Λର৅ʹ෇༩͞Ε͍ͯΔέʔεΛѻ͏ɽ DOIͱ͸Կ͔ #1 Digital Object Identifier / σ(Ο)δλϧΦϒδΣΫτࣝผࢠ

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225 ͋ΒΏΔछྨͷΦϒδΣΫτͷӬଓతͰҰҙͳࣝผͷͨΊͷج൫ – ӬଓతPersistentಉ͡Ͱ͋Γଓ͚Δ͜ͱɼมΘΒͳ͍͜ͱ – ҰҙUniqueࢦࣔ͢͠ର৅Λৗʹ1ͭʹಛఆͰ͖Δ͜ͱ – ࣝผIdentification"ͱ#͸ʮಉ͡ʯɼ$ͱ%͸ʮҧ͏ʯ͜ͱ ͕෼͔Δ͜ͱɽࣝผࢠID, Identifier DOIͱ͸Կ͔ #2 Digital Object Identifier / σ Ο δλϧΦϒδΣΫτࣝผࢠ ਎ͷճΓͷࣝผࢠ • ࢯ໊ɼॅॴɼେֶ໊ɼి࿩൪߸ɼҢ౓ܦ౓ (࠲ඪ) • ֶ੶൪߸ɼϚΠφϯόʔ (ݸਓ൪߸)ɼӡస໔ڐূ൪߸ • ϝʔϧΞυϨεɼIPΞυϨεɼυϝΠϯ໊ɼURI • ΢ΣϒαʔϏεʹ͓͚ΔΞΧ΢ϯτ໊

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226 ͋ΒΏΔछྨͷΦϒδΣΫτͷӬଓతͰҰҙͳࣝผͷͨΊͷج൫ – ӬଓతPersistentಉ͡Ͱ͋Γଓ͚Δ͜ͱɼมΘΒͳ͍͜ͱ – ҰҙUniqueࢦࣔ͢͠ର৅Λৗʹ1ͭʹಛఆͰ͖Δ͜ͱ – ࣝผIdentification"ͱ#͸ʮಉ͡ʯɼ$ͱ%͸ʮҧ͏ʯ͜ͱ ͕෼͔Δ͜ͱɽࣝผࢠID, Identifier DOIͱ͸Կ͔ #3 Digital Object Identifier / σ Ο δλϧΦϒδΣΫτࣝผࢠ %0*ͷྫ  10.2964/jsik_2020_033 https://doi.org/10.2964/jsik_2020_033

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227 %0*γεςϜͷ֓ཁ ࠃࡍDOIࡒஂ (International DOI Foundation, IDF) ͕ఏڙ͢Δɼ DOIΛ࣮ݱ͢ΔγεςϜશମ͕ʮ%0*γεςϜʯɼ ಉγεςϜΛ௨ͯ͡ొ࿥ɾ؅ཧ͞ΕΔࣝผࢠ͕ʮ%0*໊ʯ • DOI໊ DOI name – Prefixɼʮ/ʯɼSuffixͰߏ੒ → 10.2964 / jsik_2020_033 – RA (Registration Agencyɼ%0*ొ࿥ػؔ) Λ௨ͯ͡ొ࿥͞ΕΔ • %0*ϦϯΫϋΠύʔϦϯΫͱͯ͠ͷ%0* – ʮhttps://doi.org/ʯͷޙΖʹ%0*໊Λ௥Ճ͢Δͱɼ౰֘ίϯςϯπ ͷ63*ʹϦμΠϨΫτΛߦ͏ϋΠύʔϦϯΫͱͯ͠ػೳ͢Δ https://doi.org/10.2964/jsik_2020_033 → https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jsik/30/3/30_2020_033/_article/-char/ja/

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228 %0*γεςϜͷ֓ཁ • DOI໊ DOI name – Prefixɼʮ/ʯɼSuffixͰߏ੒ → 10.2964 / jsik_2020_033 – RA (Registration Agencyɼ%0*ొ࿥ػؔ) Λ௨ͯ͡ొ࿥͞ΕΔ – ࣮ࡍͷొ࿥࡞ۀ͸୭͕ߦ͍ͬͯΔ?? • %0*ϦϯΫϋΠύʔϦϯΫͱͯ͠ͷ%0* – https://doi.org/ͷޙΖʹ%0*໊Λ௥Ճ͢Δͱɼ౰֘ίϯςϯπͷ 63*ʹϦμΠϨΫτΛߦ͏ϋΠύʔϦϯΫͱͯ͠ػೳ͢Δ – ٢઒͕উखʹݺΜͰ͍Δઆɼଞਓ΋ͦ͏ݺΜͰ͍Δઆ – ౾஌ࣝdx.doi.org ΋͋Γ·͕͢ɼ͜Ε͸ݹ͍දهͰ͢ • ྫஜ೾େֶݚڀऀ૯ཡTRIOS ■ • EY͸ҰମԿͷུͳͷ͔

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229 %0*ͷొ࿥݅਺ ૯ొ࿥݅਺2ԯ7,500ສ݅˞2021೥1݄࣌఺ JaLC (Japan Link Center)https://japanlinkcenter.org/top/ • 2012೥3݄ʹൃ଍ͨ͠೔ຊࠃ಺།Ұͷ3" • ೔ຊࠃ಺ͷֶज़৘ใのDOI登録 • Պֶٕज़ৼڵػߏ (JST)ɼ෺࣭ɾࡐྉݚڀػߏ (NIMS)ɼࠃཱ৘ใֶݚڀॴ (NII)ɼ ࠃཱࠃձਤॻؗ (NDL) ͷ4ػؔʹΑΔڞಉӡӦ͕ߦΘΕ͍ͯΔ RA 概要 ૯ొ࿥݅਺ Crossref 1999೥ઃཱɼੈք࠷େن໛ͷRA 14,000ສ件 DataCite 2009೥ઃཱɼओͳର৅͸ݚڀσʔλ 3,800ສ݅ JaLC 2012೥ઃཱɼ೔ຊࠃ಺།ҰͷRA 1,000万件 දֶज़࿦จɼॻ੶ɼݚڀσʔλ౳΁ͷొ࿥ঢ়گ

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230 JaLC: Japan Link Center https://japanlinkcenter.org/top/ ӡӦҕһ௕͸ࠃཱ৘ใֶݚڀॴ (NII) ͷ෢ాӳ໌ઌੜ

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231 ӡӦҕһ௕͸ࠃཱ৘ใֶݚڀॴ (NII) ͷ෢ాӳ໌ઌੜ ˙ ■

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%0*ϦϯΫʹΑΔίϯςϯπ΁ͷΞΫηε ࠃࡍ%0*ࡒஂ 利⽤者 https://doi.org/10.2964/jsik_2020_033 ΞΫηεϦΫΤετ 232

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233 利⽤者 Ϩεϙϯε ϦμΠϨΫτ https://doi.org/10.2964/jsik_2020_033 HTTP/2 302 Found Location: https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jsik/30/3/30_2020_ 033/_article/-char/ja/ %0*ϦϯΫʹΑΔίϯςϯπ΁ͷΞΫηε 233 ࠃࡍ%0*ࡒஂ

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ࠃࡍ%0*ࡒஂ 利⽤者 %0*໊10.2964/jsik_2020_033 ↳ https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jsik/30/3/30_2020_033/_article/- char/ja/ ΞΫηε Ϩεϙϯε HTTP/2 302 Found Location: https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jsik/30/3/30_2020_033/_ article/-char/ja/ https://doi.org/10.2964/jsik_2020_033 ˞Ϧιʔεͷॴࡏ(URI)ʹมߋ͕͋ͬͨ৔߹͸ɺ ͦͷมߋΛ൓ө͢Δ͜ͱͰϦϯΫ੾ΕΛ๷͙࢓૊Έ %0*ϦϯΫʹΑΔίϯςϯπ΁ͷΞΫηε 234

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DOIγεςϜͷ֓ཁਤ Crossrefの DB JaLCのDB (Japan Link Center) Crossref (RA) JaLC (RA) ࠃࡍ%0*ࡒஂ https://doi.org/Prefix/Suffix è ίϯςϯπͷURI メタデータ メタデータ Registrant Registrant 235

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Crossrefの DB JaLCのDB (Japan Link Center) Crossref (RA) JaLC (RA) ࠃࡍ%0*ࡒஂ https://doi.org/Prefix/Suffix è ίϯςϯπͷURI Registrant メタデータ メタデータ Prefixͷׂ౰ (10.1111) Prefixͷׂ౰ (10.2222) (10.2222) (10.1111) Registrant 236 Registrant͸ग़൛ऀ౳ͷ୯ҐͰଘࡏ͢Δ

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Crossrefの DB JaLCのDB (Japan Link Center) Crossref (RA) JaLC (RA) ࠃࡍ%0*ࡒஂ https://doi.org/Prefix/Suffix è ίϯςϯπͷURI Registrant メタデータ メタデータ Registrant ϝλσʔλ Suffix ϝλσʔλ Suffix 237

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Crossrefの DB JaLCのDB (Japan Link Center) Crossref (RA) JaLC (RA) ࠃࡍ%0*ࡒஂ https://doi.org/Prefix/Suffix è ίϯςϯπͷURI Registrant Registrant メタデータ メタデータ DOIొ࿥ DOIొ࿥ 238

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Crossrefの DB JaLCのDB (Japan Link Center) Crossref (RA) JaLC (RA) ࠃࡍ%0*ࡒஂ https://doi.org/Prefix/Suffix è ίϯςϯπͷURI Registrant メタデータ メタデータ (10.2222) (10.1111) Registrant DOIొ࿥ DOIొ࿥ ϝλσʔλ Suffix ϝλσʔλ Suffix Prefixͷׂ౰ (10.1111) Prefixͷׂ౰ (10.2222) 239

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Crossrefの DB JaLCのDB (Japan Link Center) Crossref (RA) JaLC (RA) ࠃࡍ%0*ࡒஂ https://doi.org/Prefix/Suffix è ίϯςϯπͷURI Registrant ϝλσʔλ メタデータ Registrant ϝλσʔλ ৽͍͠URI 240 ˒63*͕มΘͬͨΒσʔλϕʔεʹมߋΛ൓ө͢Δ࢓૊Έ ϝλσʔλ ৽͍͠URI

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ͲΜͳͱ͖ʹॴࡏ͕มΘΔ • ͨͱ͑͹ɼ – ͦͷֶज़ࡶࢽΛग़͍ͯͨ͠ग़൛͕ࣾผͷͱ͜ΖʹมΘΔ – େֶ͕ग़͍ͯ͠Δֶज़ࡶࢽͰɼେֶͷ΢ΣϒαΠτ্Ͱ ެ։͞Ε͍ͯΔ৔߹(ػؔϦϙδτϦΛؚΉ) • T2R2 ౦ژ޻ۀେֶϦαʔνϦϙδτϦ Tokyo Tech Research Repository https://t2r2.star.titech.ac.jp/ • ౦ژҩՊࣃՊେֶػؔϦϙδτϦ https://tmdu.repo.nii.ac.jp/ – ΦϯϥΠϯϓϥοτϑΥʔϜ͕มΘΔ৐Γ׵͑Δ – ࢖͍ͬͯͨαʔϏεࣗମ͕ऴྃͯ͠͠·͏ 241

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Πϝʔδ 242 https://www.irasutoya.com/2013/07/blog- post_956.html https://www.irasutoya.com/202 1/01/blog-post_49.html ۝भେֶͷதԝਤॻؗ͸ Ͳ͜ʹ͋Γ·͔͢ ശ࡚Ωϟϯύεʹ ͋Γ·͢Αɻॅॴ͸ʙ ·͋ɼ஌ͬͯͨ ͚ͲͶʙ ۝भେֶͷதԝਤॻؗ͸ Ͳ͜ʹ͋Γ·͔͢ ҏ౎Ωϟϯύεʹ ͋Γ·͢Αɻॅॴ͸ʙ ͍ͭͷؒʹ͔৔ ॴมΘͬͨͷ ͋ͿͶʙ ௚઀ߦ͔ͳͯ͘ Α͔ͬͨ

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Πϝʔδ 243 10.2964/jsik_2020_033͸ Ͳ͜Ͱ͔͢ https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/ article/jsik/30/3/30_2020_033/ _article/-char/ja/ ʹ͋Γ·͢ ͓͓ɼݟΕͨ https://supernewplatform.jp/ article/jsik/30/3/30_2020_033/ _article/-char/ja/ʹ͋Γ·͢ 10.2964/jsik_2020_033͸ Ͳ͜Ͱ͔͢ DOIͷσʔλϕʔε DOIͷσʔλϕʔε Θʔ͍ɼݟΕͨ Θʔ͍ɼݟΕͨ

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DOI έΞϨεϛεͰ Ѩඓڣש 244 January 2015 DOI Outage: Followup Report 2015೥1݄ʹൃੜͨ͠DOIͷো֐ʹ͍ͭͯͷϑΥϩʔΞοϓϨϙʔτ The Gory Details First, the outage of January 20th was not caused by a software or hardware failure, but was instead due to an administrative error at the Corporation for National Research Initiatives (CNRI). The domain name “doi.org” is managed by CNRI on behalf of the International DOI Foundation (IDF). The domain name was not on “auto-renew” and CNRI staff simply forgot to manually renew the domain. Once the domain name was renewed, it took about 48 hours for the fix to propagate through the DNS system and for the DOI resolution service to return to normal. • ·ͣɺ1݄20೔ͷো֐͸ɺιϑτ΢ΣΞ΍ϋʔυ΢ΣΞͷো֐Ͱ͸ͳ͘ɺ CNRI (Corporation for National Research Initiatives) ͷ؅ཧϛεʹΑΔ΋ͷͰͨ͠ • υϝΠϯ໊ʮdoi.orgʯ͸ɺࠃࡍDOIࡒஂ (IDF) ʹ୅ΘͬͯCNRI͕؅ཧ͍ͯ͠·͢ɻ • ͜ͷυϝΠϯ໊͸ʮࣗಈߋ৽ʯʹͳ͓ͬͯΒͣɺCNRIͷελοϑ͕खಈͰߋ৽͢ ΔͷΛ๨Ε͍͚ͯͨͩͰͨ͠ɻυϝΠϯ໊͕ߋ৽͞ΕͨޙɺDNSγεςϜΛ௨͡ ͯमਖ਼͕఻ΘΓɺDOIղܾαʔϏε͕ਖ਼ৗʹ໭Δ·Ͱ໿48͔͔࣌ؒΓ·ͨ͠ɻ 出典: January 2015 DOI Outage: Followup Report – Crossref Blog https://web.archive.org/web/20160310044938/https://blog.crossref.org/2015/03/january-2015-doi-outage-followup-report.html

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245 245 %0*ͷௐ΂ํɼ࢖͍ํ

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%0*໊ͷௐ΂ํ 246 1. CiNiiͳͲͷݕࡧαʔϏεͰௐ΂Δ https://doi.org/10.2964/jsik_2020_033 10.2964/jsik_2020_033 Wikipediaʹֶज़จݙͷࢀরهड़Λ௥Ճ͢Δฤूͷಛఆख๏ | CiNii Research https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1391130851444118016

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%0*໊ͷௐ΂ํ 247 2. ΦϯϥΠϯδϟʔφϧϓϥοτϑΥʔϜͰௐ΂Δ https://doi.org/10.2964/jsik_2020_033 https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jsik/30/3/30_2020_033/_article/-char/ja/

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248 2. ΦϯϥΠϯδϟʔφϧϓϥοτϑΥʔϜͰௐ΂Δ https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-022-01190-z https://doi.org/10.1038/ s41597-022-01190-z ★

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%0*໊ͷௐ΂ํ 249 3. Crossref Metadata SearchͰௐ΂Δ https://doi.org/10.2964/jsik_2015_011 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2151- 6952.2011.00076.x https://doi.org/10.2964/jsik_2020_004 Crossref Metadata Search https://search.crossref.org/

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ϦμΠϨΫτઌͷௐ΂ํ 250 ࠃࡍ%0*ࡒஂ https://doi.org/Prefix/Suffix è ίϯςϯπͷURI 1. ࣮ࡍʹΞΫηεͯ͠ௐ΂Δ $ curl -I -L 'https://doi.org/10.2964/jsik_2020_033' HTTP/2 302 date: Wed, 25 Jan 2023 14:19:01 GMT content-type: text/html;charset=utf-8 content-length: 239 location: https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jsik/30/3/30_2020_033/_article/- char/ja/ ← 2023೥01݄25೔ (ਫ) 23:19

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ϦμΠϨΫτઌͷௐ΂ํ 251 2. ࠃࡍ%0*ࡒஂͷWeb APIΛ࢖ͬͯௐ΂Δ { "responseCode": 1, "handle": "10.2964/jsik_2020_033", "values": [ { "index": 1, "type": "URL", "data": { "format": "string", "value": "https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jsik/30/3/30_2020_033/_article/-char/ja/" }, "ttl": 86400, "timestamp": "2020-11-05T22:07:15Z" } ] } https://doi.org/api/handles/10.2964/jsik_2020_033?type=URL JSONܗࣜͷσʔλ͕ฦ໭͞ΕΔ

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ͲͷRegistration Agency͕ొ࿥͔ͨ͠ 252 ࠃࡍ%0*ࡒஂͷWeb APIΛ࢖ͬͯௐ΂Δ https://doi.org/doiRA/10.2964/jsik_2020_033 JSONܗࣜͷσʔλ͕ฦ໭͞ΕΔ [ { "DOI": "10.2964/jsik_2020_033", "RA": "Crossref" } ] https://doi.org/doiRA/10.18919/jkg.68.10_513 [ { "DOI": "10.18919/jkg.68.10_513", "RA": "JaLC" } ]

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JaLC͕ొ࿥ͨ͠DOIͷϝλσʔλΛऔಘ 253 ࿦จλΠτϧ ஶऀ https://api.japanlinkcenter.org/dois/10.18919/jkg.68.10_513 ग़൛ࣾग़൛ऀ

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Crossref͕ొ࿥ͨ͠DOIͷϝλσʔλΛऔಘ 254 https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1007/978-3-319-49304-6_40 ܝࡌϖʔδ ࿦จλΠτϧ ஶऀ Jiro Kikkawa Masao Takaku Fuyuki Yoshikane ֶज़ࡶࢽ౳ͷλΠτϧ

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World Wide Web #2 255 • Tim Berners-Lee͸ Ԥभݪࢠ֩ݚڀػߏ CERN ʹۈ຿͍ͯͨ͠ • ૉཻࢠʹؔ͢Δ෺ཧֶతͳݚڀΛ਺ઍɼ਺ສਓن໛Ͱ࣮ࢪ • ݚڀऀؒͰ͓ޓ͍ͷσʔλΛޮ཰Α͘ڞ༗ɾӾཡ͢Δʹ͸? ࢲ͸ιϑτ΢ΣΞΤϯδχΞͱͯ͠ɼڊେͰΤΩαΠςΟϯάͳݚڀॴʹ ੈքத͔Βू·ͬͨଟ͘ͷਓୡͱڞʹಇ͍͍ͯ·ͨ͠ɽ ൴Β͸ଟ༷ͳίϯϐϡʔλΛݚڀॴʹ࣋ͪد͖ͬͯ·ͨ͠ɽ൴Β͸ଟ༷ͳ σʔλϑΥʔϚοτ΍༷ʑͳจॻγεςϜΛར༻͍ͯ͠·ͨ͠ɽ ͦͷΑ͏ͳଟ༷ੑ͕ଘࡏ͢ΔதͰɼ΋͠ࢲ͕Կ͔Λ࡞Γ͍ͨͱࢥཱ͍ͬͨ৔߹ ͲΕ΋৽͍͠Ϛγϯʹܨ͛ͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ͔ͬͨΓɼ৽͍͠ϓϩάϥϜͷ ಈ͔͠ํΛֶ͹ͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ͔ͬͨΓɼཉ͍͠৘ใ͕৽͍͠σʔλܗࣜͰ ݟ͔ͭͬͨΓ͠·͢ɽͦͯ͠ɼ͜ΕΒ͸͢΂ͯޓ׵ੑ͕ͳ͍΋ͷͰ͢ɽ ͦΕ͸ͱͯ΋΋Ͳ͔͍͠΋ͷͰͨ͠ɽ։͖͏ΔՄೳੑʹର͢Δ΋Ͳ͔͠͞Ͱ͢ɽ ࣮ࡍʹ͸ɼͦΕΒͷϋʔυσΟεΫͷதʹ͸υΩϡϝϯτ͕͋ͬͨͷͰ͢ɽ ͨͱ͑͹ΠϯλʔωοτͷΑ͏ʹɼ΋͠Ͳ͔͜ͷڊେͳԾ૝จॻγεςϜ্ʹ ͋ͬͨͱͨ͠Βɼۤ࿑ΛͤͣʹࡁΉͰ͠ΐ͏ɽ ग़యTEDςΟϜɾόʔφʔζʹϦʔ͕ࣔ࣍͢ͷ΢Σϒ YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OM6XIICm_qo ͜Ε·Ͱͷतۀࢿྉ͔Β

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256 Physical Review Letters誌に5,154⼈の著者による論⽂掲載 論⽂著者数の新記録樹⽴ 2015-05-19 2015年5月14日にPhysical Review Letters誌に掲載された論文”Combined Measurement of the Higgs Boson Mass in pp Collisions at √s = 7 and 8 TeV with the ATLAS and CMS Experiments”が、これまでの論文著者数の 記録を打ち破るものであるとNature誌オンライン版で報じられています。 同論文の著者数は5,154人です。 同論文はԤभݪࢠ֩ݚڀػߏ (CERN) ͷ大型ハドロン衝突型加速器 (Large Hadron Collider: LHC) を用いた2ͭͷݚڀνʔϜの実験データに基づき、 ヒッグス粒子の高精度な質量推定を行ったものです。ߴΤωϧΪʔ෺ཧֶ ෼໺Ͱ͸1,000ਓΛ௒͑Δݚڀऀ͕ஶऀͱͯؔ͠ΘΔ࿦จ΋গͳ͘ͳ͘、・・・ なお、ಉ࿦จ͸શମͰ33ϖʔδありますが、そのうちຊจͱҾ༻จݙ౳͸ 9ϖʔδで、24ϖʔδ͕ஶऀ໊ͱஶऀॴଐػ໊ؔͷදهにあてられています。 ग़య: Physical Review Lettersࢽʹ5,154ਓͷஶऀʹΑΔ࿦จܝࡌ ࿦จஶऀ਺ͷ৽ه࿥थཱ | ΧϨϯτΞ΢ΣΞωεɾϙʔλϧ https://current.ndl.go.jp/car/28498 ͜Ε·Ͱͷतۀࢿྉ͔Β ͜ͷDOI͸ɼCrossrefʹΑͬͯొ࿥͞Ε͍ͯΔ https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.191803

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Crossref͕ొ࿥ͨ͠DOIͷϝλσʔλΛऔಘ 257 http://api.crossref.org/works/10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.191803 1. {"given":"G.","family":"Aad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]} 2. {"given":"B.","family":"Abbott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]} 3. {"given":"J.","family":"Abdallah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]} 4. {"given":"O.","family":"Abdinov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]} 5. {"given":"R.","family":"Aben","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]} 6. {"given":"M.","family":"Abolins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]} 7. {"given":"O. S.","family":"AbouZeid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]} 8. {"given":"H.","family":"Abramowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]} 9. {"given":"H.","family":"Abreu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]} 10. {"given":"R.","family":"Abreu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]} $ curl ʻhttp://api.crossref.org/works/10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.191803ʼ | jq -c .'message'.'author[]' | head • ஶऀͷϦετͷ͏ͪɼ࠷ॳͷ10໊෼͚ͩ

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Crossref͕ొ࿥ͨ͠DOIͷϝλσʔλΛऔಘ 258 http://api.crossref.org/works/10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.191803 1. {"given":"T.","family":"Ruggles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]} 2. {"given":"T.","family":"Sarangi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]} 3. {"given":"A.","family":"Savin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]} 4. {"given":"A.","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]} 5. {"given":"N.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]} 6. {"given":"W. H.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]} 7. {"given":"D.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]} 8. {"given":"N.","family":"Woods","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]} 9. {"name":"ATLAS Collaboration","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]} 10. {"name":"CMS Collaboration","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]} $ curl ʻhttp://api.crossref.org/works/10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.191803ʼ | jq -c .'message'.'author[]ʼ | tail • ஶऀͷϦετͷ͏ͪɼ࠷ޙͷ10໊෼͚ͩ • ࠷ޙͷ2ͭ͸ਓ໊Ͱ͸ͳ͘ɼݚڀνʔϜͷ໊শ

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Crossref͕ొ࿥ͨ͠DOIͷϝλσʔλΛऔಘ 259 http://api.crossref.org/works/10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.191803 $ curl ʻhttp://api.crossref.org/works/10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.191803ʼ | jq -c .'message'.'author[]ʼ | wc -l 5156 Physical Review Letters誌に5,154⼈の著者による論⽂掲載 論⽂著者数の新記録樹⽴ 2015-05-19 • ࠷ޙͷ2ͭ͸ਓ໊Ͱ͸ͳ͘ɼݚڀνʔϜͷ໊শ Q. ஶऀ͕5,154໊͍Δͱ͖ɼԿ໊෼ͷσʔλΛొ࿥͢Δͷ͔? A. શһ෼Λొ࿥͢Δ

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Crossref͕ొ࿥ͨ͠DOIͷϝλσʔλͷن໛ 260 ೥ Ϩίʔυ݅਺ σʔλαΠζ 2020೥ 1.12ԯ݅ 65GB 2021೥ 1.20ԯ݅ 102GB 2022೥ 1.34ԯ݅ 160GB 2023೥ 1.40ԯ݅ 185GB Ҿ༻จݙϦετΛؚΉGzipѹॖঢ়ଶͰͷ༰ྔ • 1೥ʹ1ճɼ͢΂ͯͷCrossref DOIͷϝλσʔλͷσʔληοτ͕ Public data fileͱͯ͠ެ։͞ΕΔɽ༰ྔ͕೥ʑେ͖͘ͳΔཧ༝͸?? • ͳ͓ɼAcademic TorrentͰެ։͞Ε͍ͯΔͷͰɼTorrentͷ࢖༻͕ ېࢭ͞Ε͍ͯΔ؀ڥ͔Β͸μ΢ϯϩʔυ͠ͳ͍͜ͱɽ • 2023 public data file now available with new and improved retrieval options - Crossref https://www.crossref.org/blog/2023-public-data-file- now-available-with-new-and-improved-retrieval-options/

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JaLCϝλσʔλ 261 • JaLC΋ࣗΒͷϝλσʔλΛΦʔϓϯʹ͓ͯ͠ΓɼҰׅμ΢ϯϩʔυՄೳ • ݱ࠷৽൛͸ɼ 2023೥10݄2೔࣌఺ͷ΋ͷ˞XMLܗࣜ • +"-$-0%H[(# → ʮJaLCϝλσʔλʯμ΢ϯϩʔυϖʔδ https://form.jst.go.jp/enquetes/jalcmetadatadl_1703

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JaLC͕ొ࿥ͨ͠DOIͷϝλσʔλΛऔಘ 262 https://api.japanlinkcenter.org/dois/10.18919/jkg.68.10_513 Ϩʔτ੍ݶ +B-$3&45"1*Ͱ͸ɺଟ͘ͷਓʹշదʹ͝ར༻͍͚ͨͩΔΑ͏ɺϨʔτ ੍ݶΛߦ͓ͬͯΓ·͢ɻ +B-$3&45"1*΁ͷΞΫηε͸ɺඵؒΞΫηεɺ෼ؒΞΫηε ఔ౓Λ্ݶͱ͍͍͓ͤͯͨͩͯ͞Γ·͢ɻ Ϩʔτ੍ݶΛ௒աͨ͠৔߹ɺ࠷େ࣌ؒఔ౓ΞΫηε੍ݶ͕ߦΘΕΔ৔ ߹͕͍͟͝·͢ͷͰ͝஫ҙ͍ͩ͘͞ɻ https://api.japanlinkcenter.org/api-docs/index.html

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263 https://twitter.com/JapanLinkCenter 😅😅😇 😅🙏🙏 🤔🤔🙏 🤔🤔😅

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JaLC͕ొ࿥ͨ͠DOIͷϝλσʔλΛऔಘ 264 https://api.japanlinkcenter.org/dois/10.18919/jkg.68.10_513 https://api.japanlinkcenter.org/api-docs/index.html ※JSON形式

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265 265 ֶज़ݚڀ෼໺ʹ͓͚Δ ϝλσʔλͷΦʔϓϯԽɼ ͦΕ͕΋ͨΒͨ͠΋ͷ

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ϝλσʔλͷΦʔϓϯԽ 266 ͜Ε·ͰͷCiNiiͷาΈΛৼΓฦΔ 2005೥ʮαʔϏεެ։ʯ 2006೥ʮύʔϚϦϯΫͱΦʔϓϯԽʯ • ͜Ε·Ͱ͸ॻࢽ৘ใͷެ։ʹ੍ݶ͕͋ͬͨɻॻࢽ৘ใ͘Β͍͸͍͍ͩΖ͏ɺ ຊจͳΒͱ΋͔͘ɻ • ͦΕ·Ͱ͸ݕࡧ݁ՌҰཡ·Ͱ͔͠ݟΒΕͣɺॻࢽ৘ใΛݟΔͨΊʹ͸ ܖ໿͕ඞཁͩͬͨɻ͜͜ͰGoogle͕͖ͨɻ • Google͸ͦΜͳެ։͞Ε͍ͯͳ͍ϖʔδΛݕࡧ݁Ռʹ൓ө͠ͳ͍͠ɺ Ͱ͖ͳ͍ͷͰɻͦͷͨΊʹඞཁͳ४උͱͯ͠ύʔϚϦϯΫͷ੍ఆͱɺ ॻࢽ৘ใͷϖʔδʹ୭΋͕ΞΫηεͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δ͜ͱ͕͋ͬͨ • ॻࢽৄࡉը໘Λ៉ྷʹɺ౰࣌ͷHTML͸େ޲ઌੜ͕ࣗΒॻ͍ͨɻ 20160206 େ޲ҰًઌੜʮAll about CiNiiʯ - ίʔΪʔͷͬ͠Ά https://26.hatenablog.jp/entry/2016/03/19/103635

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ϝλσʔλͷΦʔϓϯԽ 267 %0*ͷੈքʹ͓͍ͯ΋ɼ࠷ॳ͸Ϋϩʔζυ • Crossref ΋࠷ॳ͔ΒϝλσʔλΛΦʔϓϯʹ͍ͯͨ͠Θ͚ Ͱ͸ͳ͘ɼ్த͔ΒϙϦγʔ͕มΘͬͨ → ࣗ༝ʹ࢖͑ΔΑ͏ʹͨ͠΄͏͕ศརʹͳͬͯྑ͍ͷͰ͸? ғ͍ࠐΜͰ࢖͑ͳ͘͢Δͷ͸͓ޓ͍ͷෆརӹͳͷͰ͸? • ֶज़จݙͷجຊతͳॻࢽ৘ใ͸ɼ୯ͳΔϑΝΫτσʔλ • ஶ࡞ݖ͸ੜ͡ͳ͍ͱ͍͏ߟ͑ํɽ • ͨͩ͠ɼAbstract (࿦จͷঞ࿥) ʹ͸ஶ࡞ݖ͕͋Δ • ࠷ۙͷ৽ͨͳಈ޲ • Ҿ༻৘ใͷΦʔϓϯԽɼঞ࿥ͷΦʔϓϯԽ

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Crossref͕ఏڙ͍ͯ͠ΔαʔϏεྫ268 n Similarity Check • ग़൛ࣾ/ֶڠձ͕DOIΛొ࿥͢Δͱ͖ʹɼ౰֘࿦จͷຊจϑϧςΩετ (શจ) ΛΞοϓϩʔυ͢Δ͜ͱͰɼ೚ҙͷ࿦จͱͷྨࣅ౓Λࢉग़Ͱ͖Δ • ஜ೾େֶͰ͸ɼम࢜࿦จ/ത࢜࿦จͳͲͰႮ઄ɾ౪༻͕ͳ͍͔Λௐ΂Δ ༻్Ͱ΋࢖ΘΕ͍ͯΔ • ࠪಡલʹͦͷ࿦จ͕ΦϦδφϧͳ੒ՌͰ͋Δ͔Λͬ͘͟Γͱ֬ೝ͢Δ Α͏ͳ༻్ʹ΋࢖͑Δ • iThenticateͱ͍͏αʔϏεɾ੡඼ͱͯ͠ఏڙ͞Ε͍ͯΔ iThenticateʢΞΠηϯςΟέΠτʣ | ֶज़ݚڀ༻ͷႮ઄νΣοΫπʔϧ | Turnitin https://www.turnitin.com/ja/products/ithenticate

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Crossref͕ఏڙ͍ͯ͠ΔαʔϏεྫ269 n Event Data • ͋ΔDOI໊͕ొ࿥͞Εͨίϯςϯπʹؔ͢Δ΢Σϒ্ͰͷݴٴΛ௥੻͢ Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ΔαʔϏε • WikipediaͰͷDOIͷࢀরঢ়گΛ௥੻͢Δͷʹ΋࢖༻͞Ε͍ͯΔ େ·͔ͳॲཧͷྲྀΕ ※٢઒ͷਪଌ͕ೖ͍ͬͯ·͢ • ฤू/ߋ৽͞Εͨهࣄͷ৘ใΛऔಘ͢Δ → Recent Changes Stream → Listen to Wikipedia http://listen.hatnote.com/ • ߋ৽͞Εͨهࣄʹؚ·ΕΔ֎෦ϦϯΫʹdoi.orgؚ͕·ΕΔ͔Λௐ΂Δ ˠ͜ͷ෦෼͸ൺֱత୯७ͳύλʔϯϚονͰߦ͚Δ ˠ͋Δ৔߹ɼͲͷ࿦จ͔Λಛఆ͢Δ ★

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270 https://www.altmetric.com/details/497618 Twitter Ͳͷࠃ΍஍Ҭ͔Β൓Ԡ͕͔͋ͬͨ? 46 blogs 1,886 tweets 7 Wikipedia pages ͜Ε·Ͱͷ तۀࢿྉ͔Β 270

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https://www.altmetric.com/details/497618 ͜Ε·Ͱͷतۀࢿྉ͔Β 271

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%0*ʹඥ෇͚ΒΕͨϝλσʔλͷ׆༻ DOI Citation Formatter 272 https://citation.crosscite.org/ 10.1007/s11192-011-0612-6 @misc{Yoshikane_Suzuki_Tsuji_2011, title={Analysis of the relationship between citation frequency of patents and diversity of their backward citations for Japanese patents}, volume={92}, DOI={10.1007/s11192-011-0612-6}, number={3}, journal={Scientometrics}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Yoshikane, Fuyuki and Suzuki, Yutaka and Tsuji, Keita}, year={2011}, month={Dec}, pages={721–733}, language={en} } bibtex

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273 %0*ʹඥ෇͚ΒΕͨϝλσʔλͷ׆༻ࣄྫ จݙ؅ཧπʔϧ: Zotero DOI DOI name → metadata → ୊໊ɼஶऀ໊ͳͲͷ֤߲໨Λࣗಈೖྗ Zotero | Your personal research assistant https://www.zotero.org/

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WikipediaͰͷ׆༻ࣄྫ 274 Template:Cite journal https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_journal {{Cite journal | last= |first= |author= |authorlink= |date= |year= |month= |title= |journal= |volume= |issue= |page= |pages= |publisher= |location= |issn= |doi= |naid= |pmid= |id= |isbn= |url= |format= |accessdate= |quote=}} {{Cite journal |author=Bannen RM, Suresh V, Phillips GN Jr, Wright SJ, Mitchell JC |title=Optimal design of thermally stable proteins |journal=Bioinformatics |volume=24 |issue=20 |pages=2339–43 |year=2008 |pmid=18723523 |pmc=2562006 |doi=10.1093/bioinformatics/btn450}} Bannen RM, Suresh V, Phillips GN Jr, Wright SJ, Mitchell JC (2008). “Optimal design of thermally stable proteins”. Bioinformatics 24 (20): 2339–43. doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btn450. PMC 2562006. PMID 18723523. ʮCite journal ͸ɺग़యΛ໌ه͢Δͷʹ࢖͍·͢ɻֶज़ࡶࢽͷهࣄ༻Ͱ͢ɻʯ ■ ■

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ୈ5ճͷ·ͱΊͱ࣍ճͷ༧ఆ 275 ຊ೔͸ɼҎԼͷࣄ߲Λத৺ʹֶͼ·ͨ͠ • Webͷίϯςϯπʹ͓͚ΔϦϯΫ੾ΕΛ๷͙ʹ͸ • DOI (Digital Object Identifier) ͱ͸Կ͔ • DOIͷௐ΂ํɼ࢖͍ํ • ֶज़ݚڀ෼໺ʹ͓͚ΔϝλσʔλͷΦʔϓϯԽɼͦΕ͕΋ͨΒͨ͠΋ͷ ࣍ճ͸ɼΦʔϓϯαΠΤϯε࣌୅ʹ͓͚Δֶज़ίϯςϯπͷ ྲྀ௨ʹؔ͢Δಈ޲ͷ࿩Λ͠·͢ɽݚڀσʔλͷ࿩୊ͳͲɽ

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276 ίϯςϯπྲྀ௨ج൫֓࿦ ஜ೾େֶਤॻؗ৘ใϝσΟΞܥ ٢઒࣍࿠[email protected] # ೔෇ ֓ཁ 6 1݄30೔ (Ր) ΦʔϓϯαΠΤϯε࣌୅ʹ͓͚Δֶज़ίϯςϯπͷ ྲྀ௨ʹؔ͢Δಈ޲

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277 277 લճͷ͓͞Β͍

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278 • ಡΈ͸ʮσΟʔΦʔΞΠʯͰ͢ɽ • υΠͩͱɼզʑͷײ֮Ͱ͸ʮ౔Ҫʯ͞ΜΛ࿈૝͢ΔͰ͠ΐ͏ ͱ աڈʹઆ໌ͨ͠Βɼւ֎ͰʮυʔΠʯͱݺΜͰ͍Δਓ͕͍·ͨ͠ • Document Object Identifier Ͱ͸͋Γ·ͤΜ ͋ΒΏΔछྨͷΦϒδΣΫτͷӬଓతͰҰҙͳࣝผͷͨΊͷج൫ – ͋ΒΏΔछྨͷΦϒδΣΫτ ˠσδλϧΦϒδΣΫτʹݶఆͤͣɼ͋ΒΏΔछྨͷ ΦϒδΣΫτʹ෇༩ՄೳˠDigital Identifier of an Object – ݫີʹ͸ֶज़จݙʹݶఆ͞ΕΔ΋ͷͰ͸ͳ͍͕ɼ͜ͷतۀͰ͸ɼ ֶज़࿦จɼॻ੶ɼݚڀσʔλ౳Λର৅ʹ෇༩͞Ε͍ͯΔέʔεΛѻ͏ɽ DOIͱ͸Կ͔ Digital Object Identifier / σ(Ο)δλϧΦϒδΣΫτࣝผࢠ

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279 Crossrefの DB JaLCのDB (Japan Link Center) Crossref (RA) JaLC (RA) ࠃࡍ%0*ࡒஂ https://doi.org/Prefix/Suffix è ίϯςϯπͷURI Registrant メタデータ メタデータ (10.2222) (10.1111) Registrant DOIొ࿥ DOIొ࿥ ϝλσʔλ Suffix ϝλσʔλ Suffix Prefixͷׂ౰ (10.1111) Prefixͷׂ౰ (10.2222)

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280 https://japanlinkcenter.org/top/ • ӡӦҕһ௕͸ࠃཱ৘ใֶݚڀॴ (NII) ͷ෢ాӳ໌ઌੜ • ʮੈքͷDOIͷݱঢ়ʯhttps://www.youtube.com/embed/uVdhtyYUwHc?rel=0

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281 281 ิ଍Handle System • hdl.handle.net ͜Ε·Ͱͷतۀࢿྉ͔Β ੈք࠷ݹͷֶज़ࡶࢽ͸? • Le Journal des sçavans • δϡϧφϧɾσɾαϰΝϯ • ೥ʹץߦ͞Εͨϑϥϯε ͷֶज़ࡶࢽ • Le Journal des sçavans Año 1665, janv.-mars https://hdl.handle.net/ 2027/ucm.5327264267 Nature (ωΠνϟʔ) • 1869೥ʹΠΪϦεͰ૑ץ • ૑ץ߸ (HathiTrust) https://hdl.handle.net/ 2027/uc1.c2754878 →https://babel.hathitrust.org/cg i/pt?id=uc1.c2754878

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282 282 લճͷఏग़՝୊͔Β #1 • %0*ͱ͍͏֓೦Λ஌Βͳ͔ͬͨͷͰɺͱͯ΋ڵຯਂ͔ͬͨɻ ͔֬ʹɺແޮʹͳͬͯ͠·ͬͨϦϯΫ͸ࢸΔॴͰݟ͔͚ΔͷͰ ߃ٱతͳΞΫηεΛอূ͢Δ͜ͱ͸ͱͯ΋ॏཁͰ͋Δ • ϦμΠϨΫτ΍%0*ʹ͍ͭͯॅॴΛ໰͍߹Θ͍ͤͯΔ۩ମྫ͕ ෼͔Γ΍͔ͬͨ͢ɻ%0*͕΋ͬͱֶज़࿦จ౳Ҏ֎ʹ΋෯޿͘ ࢖༻͞ΕΔΑ͏ʹ͸ͳΒͳ͍ͷ͔ͱࢥͬͨ • લճ͸৮Ε·ͤΜͰ͕ͨ͠ɼֶज़࿦จҎ֎Ͱͷ%0*ͷ׆༻΋ਐΜͰ͍·͢ɽ • ӬଓతͳΞΫηεʹ͸ʮٕज़తʯʮࣾձతʯΠϯϑϥ͕ඞཁෆՄܽͰ͋Γɼ ޙऀ΋೉қ౓͸ߴ͍Ͱ͢ɽਓؒத৺ࢤ޲ͷ৘ใֶ͕ॏཁͳཧ༝ͷͻͱͭɽ • υϝΠϯͷखಈߋ৽ͷ͍ͤͰγεςϜো֐͕ىͬͨ݅͜͸ڵຯ ਂ͘ײͨ͡ɻ%0*γεςϜͷอक೉౓ͷߴ͞Λײͨ͡ • ͜Ε͸%0*ʹಛ༗ͷ࿩Ͱ͸ͳ͘ɼݸਓͰऔಘͨ͠υϝΠϯͰ΋ߏ଄͸ಉ͡ • υϝΠϯొ࿥ࣄۀऀ(GoDuddy)ͷରԠࢧ෷͍͕ͳ͍৔߹ɼिؒอཹ͢Δ

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283 283 લճͷఏग़՝୊͔Β #2 • ϦϯΫ੾Εʹ͸೰·͞ΕΔ͜ͱ΋ଟʑ͕͋ͬͨɺͦΕΒͷରࡦ ͷ࢓૊Έ͸ॳΊͯ஌ͬͨɻ%0*γεςϜ͸༗༻ͳ΋ͷͰ͋Δͱ ࢥ͏͕ɺ8FCίϯςϯπ͸ͦͷ๲େ͔͞ΒશͯͷରࡦΛߦ͏͜ ͱ͸ඇৗʹࠔ೉Ͱ͋ΓɺΫϩʔϦϯάΛߦ͍ͦΕΒΛࣗಈͰ ߦͬͯ͘ΕΔ࢓૊Έ͕͋Ε͹ΑΓศརͳͷͰ͸ͳ͍͔ͱࢥͬͨɻ 1. Internet ArchiveͷWayback MachineͷΑ͏ͳ΍Γํ 2. Crossref͸ “Automatic Digital Preservation and Self-Healing DOIs” Λ໨ࢦ͍ͯ͠·͢ɽओʹখن໛ͳֶज़ग़൛޲͚͔ɽ ࢀߟ: A Request for Comment: Automatic Digital Preservation and Self-Healing DOIs - Crossref https://www.crossref.org/blog/a-request- for-comment-automatic-digital-preservation-and-self-healing-dois/

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284 284 લճͷఏग़՝୊͔Β #3 • %0*ͷੈքͰϝλσʔλ͕ॳΊ͸ΫϩʔζυͰ͋ͬͨ͜ͱΛॳΊͯ஌ͬ ͨɻғ͍ࠐΜͰ࢖͑ͳ͍ͷ͸͓ޓ͍ʹͱͬͯෆརӹͰ͋Δͱ͍͏ҙݟ͸ ਖ਼͍͠ͱࢥ͏ɻݚڀ׆ಈΛੈքن໛Ͱ࿈ܞͯ͠ߦ͏ͨΊʹ΋ɺϝλσʔ λͷΦʔϓϯԽ͸͜Ε͔Β΋ܧଓͯ͠΄͍͠ͱײͨ͡ɻ • CrossrefͷSimilarity Checkͱ͍͏αʔϏε͕͋Γɺଞͷ࿦จͱͷ ྨࣅ౓Λࢉग़Ͱ͖Δͷ͸ศརͩͳͱࢥͬͨɻϝλσʔλΛΦʔϓ ϯʹ͢Δ͜ͱͰɺଟ͘ͷਓʹಧ͘Α͏ʹͳΓݚڀ੒Ռ࠷େݶ׆༻ Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ʹͳΔͨΊɺΫϩʔζυʹ͓ͯ͘͠ΑΓ΋༗ӹͰ͋Δ • ΩʔϫʔυʹSimilarity CheckΛڍ͍͛ͯΔճ౴͕ଟ͔ͬͨͰ͢ • ࿦จͷPDFϑΝΠϧΛΞοϓϩʔυͯ͠͠͹Β͘଴ͭͱϨϙʔτΛ ӾཡͰ͖ΔγεςϜͰ͢ɽ੡඼໊͸iThenticate ΞΠηϯςΟέʔτ • ஜ೾େֶ͸ڭһ޲͚ʹఏڙࢀߟ࿦จႮ઄νΣοΫ iThenticate – COTREʢίτϦʣhttps://ura.sec.tsukuba.ac.jp/ithenticate

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285 285 લճͷఏग़՝୊͔Β #4 • 4DJ)VCͷ࿩୊ʹ͍ͭͯ ࿦จ͕ແྉͰಡ·Ε͍ͯΔ͜ͱʹର͢ Δײ৘ͷ࿩ɺࢲ͸ϙδςΟϒ೿Ͱ͢ɻͦ͏·Ͱͯ͠ಡΈ͍ͨͱ ࢥͬͯ͘Ε͍ͯΔɺͱ͍͏ײ৘ʹͳΔͷͰ͸ͳ͍͔ͱࢥ͍·ͨ͠ɻ • %0*ϦϯΫʹ͍ͭͯ ࣮ࡍʹଞͷڭतͳͲ͕ͲͷΑ͏ʹݺΜͰ ͍Δͷ͔ฉ͍ͯΈ͍ͨͱࢥ͍·ͨ͠ɻ • ಛʹ໊લͰݺΜͩΓ͸͍ͯ͠ͳͦ͞͏ͳҹ৅Ͱ͢ • ༨ஊʹͳΓ·͕͢ɼlେֶڭһ㱠ڭतzܯ࡯ͱͯ͠͸ɼ ৬֊ڭतɼ।ڭतɼߨࢣɼॿڭɽͳ͓ɼ໊༪ڭत͸শ߸ɽ • +B-$3&45"1*ͷϨʔτ੍ݶΛ௒աͯ͠͠·ͬͨ࿩ • ໘ന͔ͬͨ • αʔϏεఏڙऀͷઃఆ͢ΔϨʔτϦϛοτΛ௒͑ͯ"1*Ͱ ༡ΜͰ͸͍͚ͳ͍͸͍ɽຊདྷͷڍಈͱ͸ҟͳ͍ͬͯͦ͏Ͱ͕͢😅

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286 286 ֶज़ݚڀ෼໺ʹ͓͚Δ ϝλσʔλͷΦʔϓϯԽɼ ͦΕ͕΋ͨΒͨ͠΋ͷ

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ϝλσʔλͷΦʔϓϯԽ 287 ͜Ε·ͰͷCiNiiͷาΈΛৼΓฦΔ 2005೥ʮαʔϏεެ։ʯ 2006೥ʮύʔϚϦϯΫͱΦʔϓϯԽʯ • ͜Ε·Ͱ͸ॻࢽ৘ใͷެ։ʹ੍ݶ͕͋ͬͨɻॻࢽ৘ใ͘Β͍͸͍͍ͩΖ͏ɺ ຊจͳΒͱ΋͔͘ɻ • ͦΕ·Ͱ͸ݕࡧ݁ՌҰཡ·Ͱ͔͠ݟΒΕͣɺॻࢽ৘ใΛݟΔͨΊʹ͸ ܖ໿͕ඞཁͩͬͨɻ͜͜ͰGoogle͕͖ͨɻ • Google͸ͦΜͳެ։͞Ε͍ͯͳ͍ϖʔδΛݕࡧ݁Ռʹ൓ө͠ͳ͍͠ɺ Ͱ͖ͳ͍ͷͰɻͦͷͨΊʹඞཁͳ४උͱͯ͠ύʔϚϦϯΫͷ੍ఆͱɺ ॻࢽ৘ใͷϖʔδʹ୭΋͕ΞΫηεͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δ͜ͱ͕͋ͬͨ • ॻࢽৄࡉը໘Λ៉ྷʹɺ౰࣌ͷHTML͸େ޲ઌੜ͕ࣗΒॻ͍ͨɻ 20160206 େ޲ҰًઌੜʮAll about CiNiiʯ - ίʔΪʔͷͬ͠Ά https://26.hatenablog.jp/entry/2016/03/19/103635

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ϝλσʔλͷΦʔϓϯԽ 288 %0*ͷੈքʹ͓͍ͯ΋ɼ࠷ॳ͸Ϋϩʔζυ • Crossref ΋࠷ॳ͔ΒϝλσʔλΛΦʔϓϯʹ͍ͯͨ͠Θ͚ Ͱ͸ͳ͘ɼ్த͔ΒϙϦγʔ͕มΘͬͨ → ࣗ༝ʹ࢖͑ΔΑ͏ʹͨ͠΄͏͕ศརʹͳͬͯྑ͍ͷͰ͸? ғ͍ࠐΜͰ࢖͑ͳ͘͢Δͷ͸͓ޓ͍ͷෆརӹͳͷͰ͸? • ֶज़จݙͷجຊతͳॻࢽ৘ใ͸ɼ୯ͳΔϑΝΫτσʔλ • ஶ࡞ݖ͸ੜ͡ͳ͍ͱ͍͏ߟ͑ํɽ • ͨͩ͠ɼAbstract (࿦จͷঞ࿥) ʹ͸ஶ࡞ݖ͕͋Δ • ࠷ۙͷ৽ͨͳಈ޲ • Ҿ༻৘ใͷΦʔϓϯԽɼঞ࿥ͷΦʔϓϯԽ

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Crossref͕ఏڙ͍ͯ͠ΔαʔϏεྫ289 n Similarity Check • ग़൛ࣾ/ֶڠձ͕DOIΛొ࿥͢Δͱ͖ʹɼ౰֘࿦จͷຊจϑϧςΩετ (શจ) ΛΞοϓϩʔυ͢Δ͜ͱͰɼ೚ҙͷ࿦จͱͷྨࣅ౓Λࢉग़Ͱ͖Δ • ஜ೾େֶͰ͸ɼम࢜࿦จ/ത࢜࿦จͳͲͰႮ઄ɾ౪༻͕ͳ͍͔Λௐ΂Δ ༻్Ͱ΋࢖ΘΕ͍ͯΔ • ࠪಡલʹͦͷ࿦จ͕ΦϦδφϧͳ੒ՌͰ͋Δ͔Λͬ͘͟Γͱ֬ೝ͢Δ Α͏ͳ༻్ʹ΋࢖͑Δ • iThenticateͱ͍͏αʔϏεɾ੡඼ͱͯ͠ఏڙ͞Ε͍ͯΔ iThenticateʢΞΠηϯςΟέΠτʣ | ֶज़ݚڀ༻ͷႮ઄νΣοΫπʔϧ | Turnitin https://www.turnitin.com/ja/products/ithenticate

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Crossref͕ఏڙ͍ͯ͠ΔαʔϏεྫ290 n Event Data • ͋ΔDOI໊͕ొ࿥͞Εͨίϯςϯπʹؔ͢Δ΢Σϒ্ͰͷݴٴΛ௥੻͢ Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ΔαʔϏε • WikipediaͰͷDOIͷࢀরঢ়گΛ௥੻͢Δͷʹ΋࢖༻͞Ε͍ͯΔ େ·͔ͳॲཧͷྲྀΕ ※٢઒ͷਪଌ͕ೖ͍ͬͯ·͢ • ฤू/ߋ৽͞Εͨهࣄͷ৘ใΛऔಘ͢Δ → Recent Changes Stream → Listen to Wikipedia http://listen.hatnote.com/ • ߋ৽͞Εͨهࣄʹؚ·ΕΔ֎෦ϦϯΫʹdoi.orgؚ͕·ΕΔ͔Λௐ΂Δ ˠ͜ͷ෦෼͸ൺֱత୯७ͳύλʔϯϚονͰߦ͚Δ ˠ͋Δ৔߹ɼͲͷ࿦จ͔Λಛఆ͢Δ ★

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291 https://www.altmetric.com/details/497618 Twitter Ͳͷࠃ΍஍Ҭ͔Β൓Ԡ͕͔͋ͬͨ? 46 blogs 1,886 tweets 7 Wikipedia pages ͜Ε·Ͱͷ तۀࢿྉ͔Β 291

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https://www.altmetric.com/details/497618 ͜Ε·Ͱͷतۀࢿྉ͔Β 292

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%0*ʹඥ෇͚ΒΕͨϝλσʔλͷ׆༻ DOI Citation Formatter 293 https://citation.crosscite.org/ 10.1007/s11192-011-0612-6 @misc{Yoshikane_Suzuki_Tsuji_2011, title={Analysis of the relationship between citation frequency of patents and diversity of their backward citations for Japanese patents}, volume={92}, DOI={10.1007/s11192-011-0612-6}, number={3}, journal={Scientometrics}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Yoshikane, Fuyuki and Suzuki, Yutaka and Tsuji, Keita}, year={2011}, month={Dec}, pages={721–733}, language={en} } bibtex

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294 %0*ʹඥ෇͚ΒΕͨϝλσʔλͷ׆༻ࣄྫ จݙ؅ཧπʔϧ: Zotero DOI DOI name → metadata → ୊໊ɼஶऀ໊ͳͲͷ֤߲໨Λࣗಈೖྗ Zotero | Your personal research assistant https://www.zotero.org/

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WikipediaͰͷ׆༻ࣄྫ 295 Template:Cite journal https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_journal {{Cite journal | last= |first= |author= |authorlink= |date= |year= |month= |title= |journal= |volume= |issue= |page= |pages= |publisher= |location= |issn= |doi= |naid= |pmid= |id= |isbn= |url= |format= |accessdate= |quote=}} {{Cite journal |author=Bannen RM, Suresh V, Phillips GN Jr, Wright SJ, Mitchell JC |title=Optimal design of thermally stable proteins |journal=Bioinformatics |volume=24 |issue=20 |pages=2339–43 |year=2008 |pmid=18723523 |pmc=2562006 |doi=10.1093/bioinformatics/btn450}} Bannen RM, Suresh V, Phillips GN Jr, Wright SJ, Mitchell JC (2008). “Optimal design of thermally stable proteins”. Bioinformatics 24 (20): 2339–43. doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btn450. PMC 2562006. PMID 18723523. ʮCite journal ͸ɺग़యΛ໌ه͢Δͷʹ࢖͍·͢ɻֶज़ࡶࢽͷهࣄ༻Ͱ͢ɻʯ ■ ■

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296 296 ΦʔϓϯαΠΤϯε࣌୅ʹ ͓͚Δֶज़ίϯςϯπͷྲྀ௨ʹ ؔ͢Δಈ޲ݚڀσʔλͷެ։Λத৺ʹ

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297 ΦʔϓϯαΠΤϯε ΦʔϓϯαΠΤϯε open science ެతݚڀࢿۚΛ༻͍ͨݚڀ੒ՌͰ͋Δ࿦จ΍σʔλ౳ʹ͍ͭͯɼՊֶք͸ ΋ͱΑΓ࢈ۀք͓ΑͼࣾձҰൠ͔Β޿͘༰қʹΞΫηε΍ར༻ΛՄೳʹ ͢Δ੍౓ɽ஌ͷ૑ग़ʹ৽ͨͳಓΛ։͘ͱͱ΋ʹɼޮՌతʹՊֶٕज़Λਪਐ ͠Πϊϕʔγϣϯͷ૑ग़ͷޮՌ͕ظ଴Ͱ͖Δɽ ग़య೔ຊਤॻؗ৘ใֶձ༻ޠࣙయฤूҕһձ:ʮਤॻؗ৘ใֶ༻ޠࣙయʯ. ؙળग़൛, ୈ5൛, 2020. 1. ݚڀ੒Ռͷެ։ɼݚڀ੒Ռؔ࿈ίϯςϯπͷࣗ༝ͳ׆༻Λ໨ࢦ͢ಈ͖ • ࿦จ΍ݚڀσʔλΛΦʔϓϯͳϥΠηϯεͷ΋ͱͰެ։͠Α͏ • ࿦จʹؔͯ͠͸ɼ͜Ε·ͰͷतۀͰ৮ΕͨʮΦʔϓϯΞΫηεʯ 2. ֶज़ݚڀ׆ಈͦΕࣗମͷΦʔϓϯԽΛ໨ࢦ͢ಈ͖ • ݚڀ׆ಈͷൃలʹܨ͕Δ • ݚڀ׆ಈͷಁ໌ੑΛߴΊΔɼݚڀ੒Ռͷ࠶ݱੑΛ޲্ͤ͞Δ ݚڀෆਖ਼ରࡦ • ࠪಡͷಁ໌ੑΛߴΊΔ Φʔϓϯࠪಡ

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298 298 Publish Report Search / Discovery Develop Idea Design Study Collect Data Store Data Analyze Data Write Report ֶज़ݚڀ׆ಈͷϫʔΫϑϩʔ Ϩϙʔτɾ࿦จΛ ެදɾൃද ؔ࿈ݚڀɾ จݙΛ୳ࡧ ΞΠσΞΛ ۩ମԽ ݚڀΛσβΠϯ σʔλΛऩू σʔλΛ ஝ੵɾอଘ σʔλΛ෼ੳ Ϩϙʔτɾ ࿦จΛࣥච Jeffrey Spies, Scholarly Workflow https://osf.io/9kcd3/ Λ΋ͱʹ࡞੒

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299 Publish Report Search / Discovery Develop Idea Design Study Collect Data Store Data Analyze Data Write Report Jeffrey Spies, Scholarly Workflow https://osf.io/9kcd3/ Λ΋ͱʹ࡞੒ ΞΠσΞΛ ۩ମԽ ݚڀΛσβΠϯ σʔλΛऩू σʔλΛ ஝ੵɾอଘ σʔλΛ෼ੳ υΩϡϝϯτͷ ࡞੒ υΩϡϝϯτͷ ར༻ υΩϡϝϯτͷ ఏڙɾ؅ཧ Ϩϙʔτɾ࿦จΛ ެදɾൃද ؔ࿈ݚڀɾ จݙΛ୳ࡧ Ϩϙʔτɾ ࿦จΛࣥච ֶज़ݚڀ׆ಈͷϫʔΫϑϩʔ

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300 300 Publish Report Search / Discovery Develop Idea Design Study Collect Data Store Data Analyze Data Write Report Ϩϙʔτɾ࿦จΛ ެදɾൃද ؔ࿈ݚڀɾ จݙΛ୳ࡧ ΞΠσΞΛ ۩ମԽ ݚڀΛσβΠϯ σʔλΛऩू σʔλΛ ஝ੵɾอଘ σʔλΛ෼ੳ Ϩϙʔτɾ ࿦จΛࣥච Jeffrey Spies, Scholarly Workflow https://osf.io/9kcd3/ Λ΋ͱʹ࡞੒ ֶज़ݚڀ׆ಈͷϫʔΫϑϩʔ

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301 Shinya Yamanaka - Google Scholar https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=k6hepIAAAAAJ&hl=ja

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302 Takahashi, Kazutoshi; Yamanaka, Shinya: "Induction of Pluripotent Stem Cells from Mouse Embryonic and Adult Fibroblast Cultures by Defined Factors", Cell, Vol. 126, No. 4, pp. 663-676, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2006.07.024.

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303 Takahashi, Kazutoshi; Yamanaka, Shinya: "Induction of Pluripotent Stem Cells from Mouse Embryonic and Adult Fibroblast Cultures by Defined Factors", Cell, Vol. 126, No. 4, pp. 663-676, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2006.07.024. https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0092867406009767-mmc1.pdf

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304 ͳͥݚڀσʔλͷެ։͕ඞཁ͔ 1. ݚڀ੒Ռ͸ެతࢿۚʹΑΓੜΈग़͞Ε͍ͯΔ • ࿦จʹ͓͚ΔΦʔϓϯΞΫηεͱಉ༷ʹɼݚڀσʔλ΋ެ։͢΂͖ • ݚڀॿ੒ۚͰͷ৚݅ͱͯ͠ɼݚڀσʔλެ։͕ٛ຿Խ͞Ε͍ͯΔ৔߹΋ 2. ֶज़ݚڀ׆ಈͷՃ଎ɼΠϊϕʔγϣϯͷ૑ग़ • ॏෳ౤ࢿΛආ͚Δ: ͓ۚɼ࣌ؒͳͲͷΤϑΥʔτͷޮ཰Խ • ෼໺ʹΑͬͯ͸ɼݸਓ΍୯ಠͷ૊৫Ͱ͸σʔλऩू͕੒ཱ͠ͳ͍ͨΊɼ ڞ༗͕લఏͰ͋Δέʔε΋ଘࡏ͢Δ • ఱจֶɼ஍ٿ࿭੕Պֶɼૉཻࢠ෺ཧֶɼ෼ࢠੜ෺ֶ …… etc. → ੈͷதʹ͸5,000ਓҎ্ͷڞஶ࿦จ͕ଘࡏ͢Δ • σʔλͷ࠶ར༻౳͕ՄೳʹͳΔ 3. ࠶ݱੑͷ֬อ • ݚڀ׆ಈͷಁ໌ੑΛߴΊΔɼݚڀ੒Ռͷ࠶ݱੑΛ޲্ͤ͞Δ ݚڀෆਖ਼ରࡦ

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305 ݚڀσʔλͷެ։ํ๏ 1. ࿦จͷิ଍σʔλిࢠతิॿࢿྉͱͯ͠ެ։ • Supplemental Data΍ Supplemental Materials ͳͲͱݺ͹ΕΔ΋ͷ • ࿦จຊମͱ͸ผʹɼਤɼը૾ɼදɼσʔληοτɼԻ੠ɼಈը౳Λܝࡌ 2. ݚڀσʔλϦϙδτϦΛ௨ͯ͡ެ։ • FigshareɼZenodoͳͲͷϦϙδτϦαʔϏεΛ༻͍ͯެ։͢Δ • DOIΛ෇༩͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ΔɽDOIΛ༻͍ͨҾ༻͕ՄೳʹͳΔ • ׬શެ։ (ϑϧΦʔϓϯ) Ҏ֎ʹɼެ։ൣғΛݶఆɾ੍ݶ͢Δ৔߹͋Γ ྫ) ࠃཱ৘ใֶݚڀॴ ৘ใֶݚڀσʔλϦϙδτϦ 3. σʔλ࿦จͱͯ͠ެ։ • σʔληοτࣗମʹؔ͢Δ಺༰Λઆ໌͢Δ࿦จ͕ଘࡏ͢Δ

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306 3. σʔλ࿦จͱͯ͠ެ։͢Δ n σʔλΛੜ੒͢Δݚڀऀʹͱͬͯͷ໰୊ • ޮՌతʹσʔλΛڞ༗͢Δ࢓૊Έ͕ෆ଍͍ͯ͠Δ • σʔλΛެ։͢ΔΠϯηϯςΟϒ͕ͳ͍ n Պֶݚڀͷ࠶ݱੑͱ৴པੑΛߴΊΔͨΊʹ͸ • σʔλ͕ͨͩଘࡏ͍ͯ͠Δ͚ͩͰ͸ෆे෼ • σʔλ͸ൃݟ͠΍͘͢ɼݕࡧ͠΍͘͢ɼཧղ͠΍͍͢΋ͷͰ͋Δ΂͖ • σʔλͷࠪಡΛ௨ͯͦ͡ͷ༗༻ੑ͕ݕূ͞Εͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ͍ n σʔλδϟʔφϧͱσʔλ࿦จ • ࠶ར༻͕͠΍͍͢σʔλ΁ͷχʔζʹऔΓ૊ΉͨΊʹ৽ͨʹొ৔ͨ͠ • σʔληοτͷৄࡉͳ಺༰Λൃද͢ΔͨΊͷ৽ͨͳδϟʔφϧͱ࿦จ ώϦφεΩΤϰΟονΠΞϯ; ৽୩༸ࢠ: ʮScientific Data σʔλͷ࠶ར༻Λଅਐ͢Δ ΦʔϓϯΞΫηεɾΦʔϓϯσʔλδϟʔφϧʯ, ৘ใ؅ཧ, Vol. 57, No. 9, pp. 629-640, 2014. http://doi.org/10.1241/johokanri.57.629.

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307 Scientific Data Kikkawa, Jiro; Takaku, Masao; Yoshikane, Fuyuki: "Dataset of first appearances of the scholarly bibliographic references on Wikipedia articles", Scientific Data, Vol. 9, Article No. 85, pp. 1-11, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01190-z. • ࿦จܝࡌྉ͸30ສԁऑ

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308 Կ͕ॻ͔Ε͍ͯΔ Abstract: ࿦จͷཁࢫ Background & Summary • ݚڀͷഎܠͳͲ Methods • σʔληοτΛߏங͢ΔͨΊͷํ๏ Data Records • σʔληοτͷϑΥʔϚοτɼσʔλͷߏ੒/ߏ଄ Technical Validation • ٕज़తݕূɽଌఆͷ඼࣭Λཪ෇͚Δղੳ݁Ռɽਫ਼౓ͷධՁ౳ Usage Notes • ͲΜͳ͜ͱʹ࢖͑Δσʔληοτͳͷ͔? ूܭ΍ՄࢹԽͷྫ Code availability • σʔληοτΛߏங͢Δͷʹ࢖༻ͨ͠ίʔυͷެ։ઌͳͲ References: Ҿ༻จݙϦετ

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309 ιʔείʔυͷެ։ͱ%0*ͷొ࿥ https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776204

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310 ιʔείʔυͷެ։ͱ%0*ͷొ࿥ https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776204

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311 σʔληοτͷެ։ͱ%0*ͷొ࿥ https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5595573

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312 Zenodoθϊυ Zenodo - Research. Shared. https://zenodo.org/ 2013೥5݄8೔ɺԤभݪࢠ֩ݚڀػߏʢCERNʣͱԤभҕһձͷOpenAIREplusϓϩδΣΫτ͕ɺ lZenodozͱ͍͏ϦϙδτϦΛެ։͠·ͨ͠ɻશՊֶྖҬʹ·͕ͨΓɺςΩετ΍εϓϨου γʔτɺԻ੠ɺಈը౳ϑΥʔϚοτΛ໰Θͣɺݚڀऀͷݚڀ੒ՌΛొࡌɾڞ༗Ͱ͖Δ ग़య: Ԥभݪࢠ֩ݚڀػߏͱOpenAIREplusϓϩδΣΫτɺݚڀ੒Ռڞ༗ͷͨΊͷϦϙδτϦlZenodo”Λ ެ։ | ΧϨϯτΞ΢ΣΞωεɾϙʔλϧ https://current.ndl.go.jp/car/23480 • ແྉͰར༻Ͱ͖Δ • σʔληοτ͝ͱ ͷ࠷େ༰ྔ͸50GB • %0*Λొ࿥Ͱ͖Δ ˠσʔληοτͷ όʔδϣϯ͝ͱʹ ˠPrefix: 10.52811

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313 FigshareϑΟάγΣΞ figshare - credit for all your research https://figshare.com/ 2011೥3݄2೔ʹɺՊֶσʔλͷΦʔϓϯͳڞ༗Λ໨ࢦ͢lFigShare”ͱ͍͏ϓϥοτϑΥʔϜ ͷϕʔλ൛͕ެ։͞ΕͨΑ͏Ͱ͢ɻ͜ͷlFigShare”͸ɺݚڀऀ͕࣮ݧͰࣦഊͨ͠ࣄྫ΍ެʹ ͞Ε͍ͯͳ͍σʔλ౳Λొ࿥ɾެ։͠ɺଞͷݚڀऀͱڞ༗͢Δ͜ͱͰɺଞͷݚڀऀ͕ಉ༷ͷ ࣮ݧΛ͢Δ࣌ؒͱܦඅͷઅ໿ʹ໾ཱͯΑ͏ͱ͍͏΋ͷͷΑ͏Ͱ͢ɻ ग़య: ՊֶσʔλͷΦʔϓϯͳڞ༗Λ໨ࢦ͢lFigShare”ϕʔλ൛͕ެ։͞ΕΔ | ΧϨϯτΞ΢ΣΞωεɾ ϙʔλϧ https://current.ndl.go.jp/car/17708 • ແྉͰར༻Ͱ͖Δ • ετϨʔδ༰ྔ͸ 20GB • %0*Λొ࿥Ͱ͖Δ ˠPrefix: 10.6084

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314 FigshareϑΟάγΣΞ figshare - credit for all your research https://figshare.com/ Himmelstein, Daniel; Wheeler, Kurt; Greene, Casey (2017): Metadata for all DOIs in Crossref: JSON MongoDB exports of all works from the Crossref API. figshare. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.4816720.v1

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315 FigshareϑΟάγΣΞ figshare - credit for all your research https://figshare.com/ Takaku, Masao (2018): ߴٱݚڀࣨ঺հ. figshare. Presentation. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7182074.v6

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316 FigshareϑΟάγΣΞ figshare - credit for all your research https://figshare.com/ 公開の同意が 得られた発表 については， 発表スライド を公開してい ます https://doi.org /10.6084/m9.fi gshare.c.6926 593 ࡾాਤॻؗɾ৘ใֶձ 2023೥౓ݚڀେձ https://mslis.jp/am_2023.html

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317 FigshareϑΟάγΣΞ figshare - credit for all your research https://figshare.com/ 2022೥౓ਤॻؗ૯߹లϑΥʔϥϜ ࿈ଓηϛφʔʮֶज़ίϛϡχέʔγϣϯೖ໳ʯΛಡΉ https://www.libraryfair.jp/forum/2022/535 Miyairi, Nobuko; Matsubara, Yukiko; Kasai, Shiho; Sasaki, Kenji; Ueki, Shoma; Kikkawa, Jiro (2022). ਤॻؗ૯߹ల࿈ଓηϛφʔ ʮֶज़ίϛϡχέʔγϣϯೖ໳ʯΛಡΉ. figshare. Collection. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.6286218.v3

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318 ϥΠηϯεͷ෇༩ • ZenodoɼFigshareͱ΋ʹɼ ΫϦΤΠςΟϒɾίϞϯζɾ ϥΠηϯεͳͲ͔Βબ୒Մೳ • CC-BY • CC-BY-SA • CC-BY-ND • CC-BY-NC • CC-BY-NC-SA • CC-BY-NC-ND • CC0 ஶ࡞ݖͷ׬શ์غ ͍͔ͳΔݖར΋อ༗͠ͳ͍ ਤͷग़య: ΫϦΤΠςΟϒɾίϞϯζɾϥΠηϯεʢCC ϥΠηϯεʣͱ͸ʁʛגࣜձࣾҍྛᢝ https://www.kyorin.co.jp/modules/products_information/index.php?content_id=15

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319 %0*ͷొ࿥݅਺ ૯ొ࿥݅਺2ԯ7,500ສ݅˞2021೥1݄࣌఺ JaLC (Japan Link Center)https://japanlinkcenter.org/top/ • 2012೥3݄ʹൃ଍ͨ͠೔ຊࠃ಺།Ұͷ3" • ೔ຊࠃ಺ͷֶज़৘ใのDOI登録 • Պֶٕज़ৼڵػߏ (JST)ɼ෺࣭ɾࡐྉݚڀػߏ (NIMS)ɼࠃཱ৘ใֶݚڀॴ (NII)ɼ ࠃཱࠃձਤॻؗ (NDL) ͷ4ػؔʹΑΔڞಉӡӦ͕ߦΘΕ͍ͯΔ RA 概要 ૯ొ࿥݅਺ Crossref 1999೥ઃཱɼੈք࠷େن໛ͷRA 14,000ສ件 DataCite 2009೥ઃཱɼओͳର৅͸ݚڀσʔλ 3,800ສ݅ JaLC 2012೥ઃཱɼ೔ຊࠃ಺།ҰͷRA 1,000万件 දֶज़࿦จɼॻ੶ɼݚڀσʔλ౳΁ͷొ࿥ঢ়گ ͜Ε·Ͱͷतۀࢿྉ͔Β ★

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320 2015-02-24 ΫοΫύουͷσʔλΛݚڀऀʹެ։͠·͢ ͜Μʹͪ͸ɻݕࡧɾฤ੒෦ͷݪౡͰ͢ɻ େֶͷݚڀऀʹ͓ձ͍͢ΔͱɺʮΫοΫύουͷσʔλΛݚڀʹ࢖༻͍ͨ͠ ΜͰ͕͢ʯͱ૬ஊ͞ΕΔ͜ͱ͕͋Γ·͢ɻྉཧʹؔ͢ΔݚڀΛ͍ͯ͠Δ ͚ΕͲɺ࣮ࡍͷσʔλ͕ͳ͍ͨΊɺͳ͔ͳ͔ݚڀ͕ਐ·ͳ͍ͱ͍͏૬ஊͰ͢ɻ ྉཧʹؔ͢Δݚڀ͕ਐ·ͳ͍ͷ͸ɺΫοΫύουʹͱͬͯ΋࢒೦ͳ͜ͱͰ͢ɻ ͜ΕΒͷݚڀ͸ɺΫοΫύουͷαʔϏεΛվળ͢ΔͨΊͷʮժʯͰ΋͋Γ ·͢ɻσʔλ͕ͳ͍͚ͩͰժ͕ҭͨͳ͍ͷ͸ɺඇৗʹ൵͍͠࿩Ͱ͢ɻ ͜ͷΑ͏ͳݱঢ়Λଧഁ͢ΔͨΊɺຊ೔͔ΒɺΫοΫύουͷσʔλΛݚڀऀ ʹެ։͠·͢ɻ ग़య: ΫοΫύουͷσʔλΛݚڀऀʹެ։͠·͢ - ΫοΫύου։ൃऀϒϩά https://techlife.cookpad.com/entry/2015/02/24/161915

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321 ͳͥެ։͢Δͷʁ ࠷ޙʹެ։ͷಈػͰ͢ɻσʔλΛެ։͢ΔҰ൪ͷಈػ͸ɺ๯಄Ͱ΋ड़΂ͨͱ͓Γɺ ྉཧʹؔ͢ΔݚڀΛଅਐ͍ͤͨ͞ͱ͍͏΋ͷͰ͢ɻ ྉཧʹؔ͢ΔݚڀΛ͍ͯ͠Δਓ͸୔ࢁ͍·͢ɻ࠷ۙͰ͸ɺྉཧʹؔ͢Δݚڀձ΍ ࠃࡍձٞͳͲ΋։࠵͞Ε͍ͯ·͢ɻ͔͠͠ɺσʔλ͕ͳ͍͜ͱͰɺଟ͘ͷݚڀ͕ߦ͖ ٧͍ͬͯ·͢ɻ(தུ) σʔλ͕͋Ε͹ɺطଘͷݚڀΛൃలͤͨ͞Γɺ৽͍͠ݚڀΛ૑ ग़ͤ͞Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ͔΋͠Ε·ͤΜɻͦͯ͠ɺͦΕΒ͸ɺ·ΘΓ·ΘͬͯɺΫοΫ ύουͷαʔϏεΛվળ͢ΔͨΊͷժͱͳΓ·͢ɻ ·ͨɺผͷಈػͱͯ͠ɺѱ࣭ͳΫϩʔϧΛݮΒ͍ͨ͠ͱ͍͏΋ͷ͕͋Γ·͢ɻ ࢒೦ͳ͕Βɺݚڀऀͷதʹ͸ɺΫοΫύουͷσʔλΛ࢖༻͢ΔͨΊɺѱ࣭ͳΫϩʔ ϧΛߦ͏ํ͕͍·͢ɻ୹࣌ؒʹ๲େͳϦΫΤετ͕ૹΒΕΔͱɺ࠷ѱͷ৔߹ɺΫοΫ ύουͷαʔϏεʹӨڹ͕ग़ΔڪΕ͕͋Γ·͢ɻ ͔͠͠ɺΫοΫύου͕σʔλΛެ։͢Ε͹ɺΘ͟Θ͟Ϋϩʔϧ͢Δඞཁ͸͋Γ·ͤ Μɻެ։͞Ε͍ͯΔσʔλΛར༻͢Δํ͕ɺѹ౗తʹָͰ͢ɻͦͯ͠ɺѱ࣭ͳΫϩʔ ϧ͕ݮΕ͹ɺαʔϏεͷ݈શੑ΋޲্͠·͢ɻ ग़య: ΫοΫύουͷσʔλΛݚڀऀʹެ։͠·͢ - ΫοΫύου։ൃऀϒϩά https://techlife.cookpad.com/entry/2015/02/24/161915

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322 322 ຽؒاۀఏڙσʔλͷྫhttps://www.nii.ac.jp/dsc/idr/ 1. ΫοΫύουσʔληοτ • Ϩγϐσʔλɼݙཱσʔλ https://doi.org/10.32130/idr.5.1 2. χίχίσʔληοτ • χίχίಈըίϝϯτ౳σʔλ https://doi.org/10.32130/idr.3.1 • χίχίେඦՊσʔλ https://doi.org/10.32130/idr.3.2 3. Yahoo!σʔληοτ • Yahoo!஌ܙାσʔλʢୈ3൛ʣhttps://doi.org/10.32130/idr.1.3 4. ָఱσʔληοτ • ָఱࢢ৔ͷશ঎඼σʔλɼϨϏϡʔσʔλ https://doi.org/10.32130/idr.2.1 • ָఱτϥϕϧͷࢪઃσʔλɼϨϏϡʔσʔλ https://doi.org/10.32130/idr.2.2 • ָఱϨγϐͷϨγϐ৘ใɼϨγϐը૾ https://doi.org/10.32130/idr.2.4 5. ϦΫϧʔτσʔληοτ • ϗοτϖούʔϏϡʔςΟʔσʔλ https://doi.org/10.32130/idr.4.1 6. หޢ࢜υοτίϜσʔληοτ • ๏཯૬ஊσʔλ https://doi.org/10.32130/idr.12.1 7. ϝϧΧϦσʔληοτ • ϑϦϚ঎඼σʔλ https://doi.org/10.32130/idr.17.1

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323 323 https://www.nii.ac.jp/dsc/idr/ ਤͷग़య: ϦΞϧσʔλͷʮڞಉར༻ʯ ͋ͳͨͷ৘ใֶ͕ज़ݚڀʹ!? … Ͱ΋େৎ෉ https://www.nii.ac.jp/event/upload/shimin_oyama_20181120.pdf ࢀߟ:ฏ੒30೥౓ ࢢຽߨ࠲ ୈ5ճ ɿʮϦΞϧσʔλͷ『ڞಉར༻』ʵ͋ͳͨͷ৘ใֶ͕ज़ݚڀʹʂʁͰ΋େৎ෉ʵʯ େࢁ ܟࡾ - ࠃཱ৘ใֶݚڀॴ - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xrC_tc8YGzI

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324 324 https://www.nii.ac.jp/dsc/idr/ ຽؒاۀఏڙσʔλχίχίσʔληοτ ࠃཱ৘ใֶݚڀॴ͕ (ג)υϫϯΰ͔ΒఏڙΛड͚ͯݚڀऀʹఏڙ͍ͯ͠Δσʔληοτ χίχίಈըίϝϯτ౳σʔλ • ʮχίχίಈըʯʹαʔϏε։࢝౰ॳ͔Β2021೥9݄30೔·Ͱʹ౤ߘ͞Εͨ໿ 2,000ສ݅ͷಈըͷϝλσʔλͱɼͦΕʹର͢Δ໿41ԯ݅ͷίϝϯτσʔλ • ಈըϝλσʔλ λΠτϧɼઆ໌จɼλάɼ౤ߘ೔࣌ɼ࠶ੜ਺ɼίϝϯτ਺ͳͲͷσʔλͰ͢ɻ JSONܗࣜͷϑΝΠϧͰɼ1,000ϑΝΠϧʢ1ϑΝΠϧ͋ͨΓ໿2ສಈը෼ʣɼ ϑΝΠϧαΠζ͸߹ܭͰ໿15GB • ίϝϯτσʔλ ίϝϯτຊจɼ౤ߘ೔࣌ɼॻ͖ࠐΈ࠶ੜҐஔͳͲͷσʔλͰ͢ɻ JSONܗࣜͷϑΝΠϧͰɼ1ͭͷಈըʹ͖ͭ1ϑΝΠϧͱͳ͍ͬͯ·͢ɻ ѹॖϑΝΠϧͰ໿86GB͋Γɼల։͢Δͱ߹ܭͰ໿573GB ग़య: ৘ใֶݚڀσʔλϦϙδτϦ χίχίσʔληοτ https://www.nii.ac.jp/dsc/idr/nico/

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325 325 https://www.nii.ac.jp/dsc/idr/ ຽؒاۀఏڙσʔλχίχίσʔληοτ ࠃཱ৘ใֶݚڀॴ͕ (ג)υϫϯΰ͔ΒఏڙΛड͚ͯݚڀऀʹఏڙ͍ͯ͠Δσʔληοτ χίχίେඦՊσʔλ • χίχίେඦՊʹ೥্݄०·Ͱʹ౤ߘ͞Εͨهࣄશͯͷهࣄϔομɼه ࣄຊจσʔλͱɼͦΕʹ෇ਵ͢Δܝࣔ൘શσʔλͰ͢ɻ ͨͩ͠ɼϢʔβʔϖʔδɼϢʔβʔ*%͸࡟আ͞Ε͍ͯ·͢ɻ • هࣄϔομσʔλ هࣄ*%ɼهࣄλΠτϧɼهࣄϤϛɼهࣄछྨɼهࣄ࡞੒೔࣌ͳͲͷσʔλͰ͢ɻ $47ܗࣜɼ೥౰ͨΓϑΝΠϧɼѹॖϑΝΠϧͰ໿4.9MBɼల։ޙ͸໿14.9MB • هࣄຊจσʔλ هࣄIDɼهࣄຊจɼهࣄߋ৽೔࣌ͳͲͷσʔλͰ͢ɻCSVܗࣜͷϑΝΠϧ 1݄͋ͨΓ1ϑΝΠϧʢྫ֎͋ΓʣɼѹॖϑΝΠϧͰ໿4.52GBɼల։ޙ͸໿22.7GB • ܝࣔ൘σʔλ هࣄIDɼϨε൪߸ɼϨε౤ߘ೔࣌ɼϨεຊจͳͲͷσʔλɻCSVܗࣜɼ1೥͋ͨΓ 1ϑΝΠϧɼѹॖϑΝΠϧͰ໿576MBɼల։ޙ͸໿1.68GB ग़య: ৘ใֶݚڀσʔλϦϙδτϦ χίχίσʔληοτ https://www.nii.ac.jp/dsc/idr/nico/

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326 326 ग़య:৘ใֶݚڀσʔλϦϙδτϦ χίχίಈըίϝϯτ౳σʔλ ਃ੥ https://www.nii.ac.jp/dsc/idr/nico/nicocomm-apply.html

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ୈ6ճͷ·ͱΊ 327 ຊ೔͸ɼҎԼͷࣄ߲Λத৺ʹֶͼ·ͨ͠ • DOIʹؔ͢Δ࠶੔ཧͱิ଍ • ΦʔϓϯαΠΤϯε࣌୅ʹ͓͚Δֶज़ίϯςϯπͷྲྀ௨ • ΦʔϓϯαΠΤϯεͱ͸Կ͔? • ͳͥݚڀσʔλΛެ։͠ͳ͍ͱ͍͚ͳ͍ͷ? • ެ։͢Δʹ͸Ͳ͏͢Ε͹ྑ͍ͷ͔? ͲͷΑ͏ͳαʔϏε͕͋Δͷ͔? • ݚڀσʔλʹؔ͢Δࣄྫɼ৘ใֶݚڀσʔλϦϙδτϦͷ঺հ • ຊतۀ͸ߨٛ (࠲ֶ) Ͱ͕ͨ͠ɼੋඇɼࠓޙͷ࣮ફʹܨ͍͛ͯͩ͘͞ • օ͞Μͷࠓޙͷֶम΍ݚڀͳͲʹ׆͔͍͚ͯͨ͠Δͱخ͍͠Ͱ͢