【実録】フレッツのIPv6 完全に理解した

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ʲ࣮࿥ʳϑϨοπͷIPv6 ׬શʹཧղͨ͠ 2020/8/27 Yusaku-T

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ࣗݾ঺հ ● Yusaku-T ● ๭ࣾITΤϯδχΞ ○ αʔόʔαΠυ͕ϝΠϯͰ͕͢ɺϑϩϯτΤϯυ΍Πϯϑϥ΋ଟগ ● ๭ࣾΠϯλʔωοτ࿝ਓձձ௕ ○ ͦΖͦΖެࣜϋϯυϧΛkaichoʹ͠Α͏͔ͱ΋ࢥͬͯ·͢

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ൃදͷ֓ཁ ● ࡏ୐ۈ຿ͯ͠·͔͢ʁ ● ࡏ୐ۈ຿Ͱ͸௨৴ճઢͷ଎౓͕ࢮ׆໰୊ʹͳΓ·͢ΑͶʁ ○ ٳ೔΋Ҿ͖͜΋Γੜ׆ͳͷͰ·͢·͢໰୊Ͱ͢ΑͶʁ ● զ͕Ո΋஗͔ͬͨͰ͢ ● ͪΐͬ͜ͱௐࠪ&5000ԁ΄Ͳ౤ࢿͯ͠଎౓໰୊Λղফ͠·ͨ͠

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ݻఆճઢͷεϖοΫ ● ճઢ: υίϞޫϚϯγϣϯλΠϓ ○ ճઢࣗମ͸ϑϨοπޫͱಉ͡ ● ԰಺഑ઢ: VDSL ○ ங˓े೥ͷެஂॅ୐ ○ ͲΜͳʹؤுͬͯ΋100MbpsΛ௒͑ΒΕͳ͍൵͠ΈΛഎෛ͍ͬͯ·͢ ○ ࠷ۙɺಉ྅͕ଓʑͱNuroʹ৐Γ׵͑ͯGbps௒͑ͯ͠ΔͷΛࢦΛ͘Θ͑ͯݟ͍ͯ·͢ ● ISP(ϓϩόΠμʔ): OCN

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௨৴଎౓͕஗͍… ● 3݄͔Βࡏ୐ۈ຿։࢝ ● 4݄͝Ζ͔Β௨৴଎౓ͷ஗͕͞ؾʹͳΔΑ͏ʹ… ● ಛఆͷετϦʔϛϯάαʔϏε͕ϒπϒπ੾ΕΔ ○ Amazon Prime, Amazon Music, χίχίಈը౳ ■ Ұۂͷؒʹ2,3ճ్੾ΕΔ͜ͱ͕͋ΔͷͰ࡞ۀޮ཰͕མͪΔ͜ͱਙ͍ͩ͠ ○ YouTube΍Google Meet͸େৎ෉ ○ εϚϗͷ4GճઢͰ͸్੾Εͳ͍ ○ εϐʔυςετͰ͸େମԼΓ50Mbpsʙ80Mbps ग़ͯΔ

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Կͱ͔ͳΒͳ͍͔…ʁ IPv6ͩͱ଎͍Β͍͠ʂʂʂ ʢখֶੜฒΈͷࢥ͍͖ͭʣ

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ਖ਼ղ: IPv6ͦͷ΋ͷͰ͸ͳ͘IPoEͩͱ଎͍ IPv6ͦͷ΋ͷͰ͸ͳ͘IPv6Ͱར༻Ͱ͖ΔIPoEͱ͍͏઀ଓํࣜͩͱ଎͍ ● PPPoE: ࠓ·Ͱͷ઀ଓํࣜ ID/ύεϫʔυͰೝূ ● IPoE: ճઢͦͷ΋ͷΛೝূ ○ ҰͭͷϑϨοπճઢͰෳ਺ͷISPܖ໿Λ݁Ϳ͜ͱ͸ෆՄೳ ● IPv6Ͱ΋PPPoEͰೝূɾ઀ଓΛߦ͏৔߹΋͋Δ

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ͳͥPPPoEͩͱ஗͍ʁ ISP͕PPPoEͷͨΊͷ઀ଓػث(NTE: Network Termination Equipment)Λࣗ༝ʹ૿ ڧͰ͖ͳ͍ʂ ● τϥϑΟοΫͰ͸ͳ͘ηογϣϯ਺ج४Ͱ͔͠૿ڧͰ͖ͳ͍ʂ ○ ಈըαʔϏεͳͲɺۙ೥ͷҰਓ౰ͨΓͷτϥϑΟοΫ૿ՃʹରԠ͖͠Εͳ͍ ● IPoEͰ͸GWR(Gateway Router)ͱ͍͏ڧྗͳ઀ଓػثΛܦ༝͢Δ ○ ࠓͷॴ᫔᫓͸͋·Γى͖ͯͳ͍ˍ૿ڧ΋༰қͦ͏ʁ

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طʹIPv6ʹ͸ରԠ͍ͯͨ͠ʂ ● ϑϨοπޫɾOCN͸ϚϯγϣϯλΠϓͰ΋IPv6/IPoEʹඪ४ରԠ ● ࡢ೥ळʹങ͍׵͑ͨϧʔλʔ(NEC WG1900HP2)͕طʹIPoEͰIPv6઀ଓͯ͠ ͍ͨ ● ͔ͩΒIPv6ରԠWebαʔϏε(YouTube౳)Ͱ͸్੾ΕΔ͜ͱ͕ͳ͔ͬͨʂ ● IPv6ʹରԠͨ͠εϐʔυςετͰ΋଎౓͕ग़ͯͨʂ

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PPPoEͷ᫔᫓ͱIPoE GWR NTE ϑϨοπ IPv4 αΠτ ISP Internet IPv6 αΠτ PPPoE IPoE

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IPv6ʹରԠͨ͠WebαʔϏε ● Google ○ YouTube ○ Google Meet ○ Google App Engine ■ FirewallͷઃఆͰϋϚΓ·ͨ͠ʂ ● Netflix ● Ѩ෦׮ϗʔϜϖʔδ ● ֤छͷεϐʔυςετ ○ Google, NetflixͳͲ

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IPv6ʹରԠ͍ͯ͠ͳ͍WebαʔϏε ͔͠͠IPv6ʹରԠ͍ͯ͠ͳ͍WebαʔϏεͰ͸ະͩʹ஗͍··… ● Amazon ○ Amazon Prime, Amazon Music ● χίχίಈը ● ֤छܳೳਓͷϗʔϜϖʔδ

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Կͱ͔͜͏ग़དྷͳ͍͔ʁ GWR NTE ϑϨοπ IPv4 αΠτ ISP Internet IPv6 αΠτ IPoE

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IPv4 over IPv6Λ࢖ͬͯղܾ ● IPv4ύέοτΛIPv6ʹΑͬͯΧϓηϧԽ͢Δ(τϯωϦϯά) ● ݩʑ͸IPv4ΞυϨεͷރׇʹରԠ͢ΔͨΊͷٕज़ ● IPv6ඇରԠͷWebαʔϏεͰ΋PPPoEͷ૷ஔΛܦ༝͢Δ͜ͱͳ͘ར༻Ͱ͖Δ ○ →IPv6ඇରԠͷWebαʔϏεͰ΋ߴ଎ʹ௨৴Ͱ͖Δʂ

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OCNͷIPv4 over IPv6αʔϏε ● v6ΞϧϑΝͱ͍͏αʔϏε ● ઐ༻ϧʔλʔͱ༨ܭͳηΩϡϦςΟιϑτ͕͍݄ͭͯ500ԁ ● υίϞޫͳΒແྉʂ

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͔͠͠…

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͖͋ΒΊͨΒͦ͜Ͱࢼ߹ऴྃͰ͢Α ● v6ΞϧϑΝͷ࣮ଶ͸OCNόʔνϟϧίωΫτͱ͍͏ن֨ ○ IPv4 over IPv6ͷதͰ͸৽͍͠ن֨ ● ΀ΒΒͳͲͰར༻ՄೳʢԿނ͔OCNͰ͸ެࣜʹར༻ՄೳΞφ΢ϯε͕ͳ͍ʣ ○ OCNͰ΋6݄͔Βར༻Մೳʹ ● v6ΞϧϑΝʹܖ໿͠ͳͯ͘΋ରԠϧʔλʔΛ࢖͑͹ར༻Մೳͱ͍͏৘ใ͕ʂ ○ https://ameblo.jp/myo000402/entry-12545375684.html

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ཚཱ͢ΔϑϨοπͷIPv4 over IPv6ن֨ ● DS-Liteܥ ○ ϢʔβʔʹάϩʔόϧIPv4ΞυϨεׂ͕Γ౰ͯΒΕͳ͍ ○ Transix(ΠϯλʔωοτϚϧνϑΟʔυ) ■ IIJ, ΀ΒΒͳͲ ● MAP-Eܥ ○ ෳ਺ϢʔβʔͰάϩʔόϧIPv4ΞυϨεΛڞ༻͢Δ ○ v6ϓϥε(೔ຊωοτϫʔΫΠωΠϒϥʔ) ■ @nifty, So-netͳͲ ○ IPv6Φϓγϣϯ(Ϗοάϩʔϒ) ■ ϏοάϩʔϒͳͲ ○ OCNόʔνϟϧίωΫτ(NTTίϛϡχέʔγϣϯζ) ■ OCN, DTI, ΀ΒΒͳͲ ● ಉ͡ϓϩόΠμͰ΋ܖ໿࣌ظ΍ΦϓγϣϯʹΑͬͯํ͕ࣜҟͳΔ͜ͱ͕ʂ

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OCNόʔνϟϧίωΫτରԠϧʔλʔͷબ୒ ● ରԠϧʔλʔҰཡhttps://www.ntt.com/content/dam/nttcom/hq/jp/business/services/network/internet-connect/ ocn-business/option/v-access-ipoe/pdf/bocn_vc_router.pdf ● Buffalo ○ ରԠػछଟ਺ Ξ΢τϨοτͰ͍҆ ○ ҆ఆੑ͸ΠϚΠνʁ(Ձ̋.com৘ใ) ● NEC ○ WG1200HS3ͱ͍͏ػछ͚͕ͩରԠ ࣮ച5000ԁఔ౓ ○ OCNͷϨϯλϧϧʔλʔͷOEMݩͬΆ͍ʁ ○ ͪ͜ΒΛߪೖ(ಉ͜͡ͱΛߟ͑ͯΔਓ͕ଟ͔͍͔ͬͨͤएׯ඼ബ) ○ APઃఆΛม͑Δͷ͕໘౗&ແઢͷεϖοΫ͸ࠓͷϧʔλʔͷํ্͕ͳͷͰΞΫηεϙΠϯτϞʔυͰซ༻

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OCNόʔνϟϧίωΫτରԠϧʔλʔͷબ୒ ● YAMAHA ○ RTX1210Ҏ߱(RTX1200͸ඇରԠͷ໛༷…) ○ http://www.rtpro.yamaha.co.jp/RT/docs/ocn_map_e/index.html ● NEC UNIVERGE IX ○ ͔ͳΓੲͷUNIVERGE IX2105Ͱ΋ରԠ ○ தݹͰങ͏৔߹͸ϑΝʔϜ΢ΣΞͷόʔδϣϯʹ஫ҙʂʢܖ໿Λ݁͹ͳ͍ͱೖखͰ͖ͳ͍ʂʣ ● OpenWrt ● ւ֎੡ϧʔλʔ(EdgeRouterͳͲ) ○ MAP-E͸NDAΛ݁͹ͳ͍ͱ͍͚ͳ͍͔ΒඇରԠʂ ○ ৽ͨͳΔΨϥύΰε஀ੜͷ༧ײʂ

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IPv4 over IPv6ಋೖͷ݁Ռ ● Amazon Prime,Amazon Music,χίχίಈըͳͲ్͕੾ΕΔ͜ͱ͕ͳ͘ͳͬ ͨʂ ● ௨৴଎౓ ○ PPPoEͰ઀ଓͨ͠ࡍͷΑ͏ʹɺ࣌ʑΨΫϯͱ଎౓͕མͪࠐΉ͜ͱ΋ͳ͘ͳͬͨ ○ IPv4ରԠεϐʔυςετͰ΋্ΓԼΓ80Mbpsఔ౓͕҆ఆͯ͠ग़ΔΑ͏ʹ

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IPv4 over IPv6ͷ໰୊఺ ● DS-Lite: άϩʔόϧIPΞυϨε͕ར༻ऀʹ෇༩͞Εͳ͍ ● MAP-E: άϩʔόϧIPΞυϨεΛෳ਺ਓͰڞ༻͢Δ(ར༻Ͱ͖Δϙʔτ੍͕ݶ͞ΕΔ) ҎԼͷ༻్Ͱ໰୊͕ൃੜʂ ● ֤छαʔόʔͷެ։ ● VPNͰग़ઌ͔ΒՈఉͷωοτϫʔΫʹ઀ଓ ● ΦϯϥΠϯήʔϜ ○ SwitchͩͱNATλΠϓ͕A͡Όͳ͘ͳΔ

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ղܾࡦ(1) ● IPv6ͰαʔόʔΛެ։͢Δ ○ NTT౦Ͱ͸ϑϨοπดҬͰDNS໊Λར༻Ͱ͖ΔʮOPEN IPv6 μΠφϛο Ϋ DNS for ϑϨοπɾޫωΫετͱ͍͏αʔϏε΋͋Γ ○ https://i.open.ad.jp/ ● ϙʔτ൪߸Λม͑Δ(MAP-Eܥ) ○ OpenVPNͳͲ

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ղܾࡦ(2): IPoEͱPPPoEͷσϡΞϧ઀ଓ ONU έʔϒϧϞσϜ ϋϒ IPoE ઀ଓઃఆ PPPoE ઀ଓઃఆ

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࠷ۙ(6݄ʙ)ͷಈ޲ ● OCNͰ΋ެࣜʹOCNόʔνϟϧίωΫτ͕ར༻Մೳʹ ● PPPoEͷվળ ○ 10GbE ΠϯλʔϑΣʔεΛඋ͑ͨ NTE ʹ͍ͭͯ૯຿ল͔ΒೝՄͷݟࠐΈ ○ https://diary.sorah.jp/2020/06/20/ngn-explained-2020 ● IPoEͰ΋଎౓௿Լ͕ൃੜ ○ https://pc.watch.impress.co.jp/docs/news/1269761.html

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ຊ౰ͷҙຯͰIPv6Λ׬શʹཧղ͢Δʹ͸ ● ϓϩϑΣογϣφϧIPv6 ○ https://www.geekpage.jp/blog/?id=2018-7-4-1 ○ IPv6ຊͱͯ͠IPv6ͦͷ΋ͷͷղઆΛ͢Δ͚ͩͰ͸ͳ ͘ɺDNSͱIPv6ɺIPv4ΞυϨεࡏݿރׇ໰୊΍େن ໛NATͰ͋ΔCGNɺIPv6ͱIPv4ͷڞଘٕज़ (NAT64,DNS64ͳͲ)ɺNTT NGNͳͲɺIPv6ʹؔ࿈͢ Δपลٕज़ͷղઆ΋ߦͳ͍ͬͯ·͢ɻʢ঺հΑΓʣ ● BOOTHͰԿͱແྉμ΢ϯϩʔυՄೳʂ ○ https://booth.pm/ja/items/913273

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·ͱΊ ● IPv6͕଎͍Μ͡Όͳͯ͘ɺIPv6Ͱ࢖͑ΔIPoEͱ͍͏઀ଓํ͕ࣜ଎͍Α ● IPv4 over IPv6ͱ͍͏ٕज़Λར༻͢Δ͜ͱͰIPv4ͷΈͷWebαʔϏε΋ߴ଎ʹ ར༻Ͱ͖ΔΑ ● IPv4 over IPv6ͷن֨͸ͨ͘͞Μ͋Δ͔Βཁ஫ҙͩΑ ● IPoE + IPv4 over IPv6Λ࢖͏ͱIPv4ͷάϩʔόϧΞυϨε͕લఏͷαʔϏεͩ ͱ໰୊͕ى͖Δ͜ͱ͕͋ΔΑ