Slide 1
Slide 1 text
Architecture Components
ษڧձ
͕͑Θ
Θ͞ͼʔ;
͋Β͖
͋Μ͍͟Ώ͖
ୈ3ճ ViewModel
Slide 2
Slide 2 text
Architecture Componentsษڧձ ͱ
• Architecture Componentsͷجૅࣝʹֶ͍ͭͯͿษڧձ
• ओ࠵ɿGDG Tokyo ϋογϡλά: #gdgtokyo
• ߨࢣɺνϡʔλʔɿGoogleࣾһͱGoogle Developer Expert
ʢ͋Μ͍͟Ώ͖ɺ ͕͑ΘɺΘ͞ͼʔ;ɺ͋Β͖ʣ
• νϡʔλʔɿ
ɹ@satorufujiwaraɺ@STAR_ZEROɺ@95kugoɺ@zaki50ɺ@itog
Slide 3
Slide 3 text
Architecture Componentsษڧձ ͱ
• ܭ4ճͷ༧ఆ
• ୈ1ճ:Handling Lifecycles
• ୈ2ճ:LiveData
• ୈ3ճ:ViewModel
• ୈ4ճ:Room
λΠϜςʔϒϧ
19:30ʙ19:35 ѫࡰˍઆ໌
19:35ʙ20:15 ViewModel ͷઆ໌
20:15ʙ20:25 ٳܜ
20:25ʙ ՝औΓΈ
Slide 4
Slide 4 text
Download Android Studio 3.0.1
https://goo.gl/KmYZzW
Slide 5
Slide 5 text
Architecture Components ͱ
• ෳͷػೳɾϥΠϒϥϦͷ૯শ
• Lifecycles
• LiveData
• ViewModel
• Room
• Paging
Slide 6
Slide 6 text
Architecture Components ͱ
• ෳͷػೳɾϥΠϒϥϦͷ૯শ
• Lifecycles
• LiveData
• ViewModel
• Room
• Paging
ݸผར༻OK
Slide 7
Slide 7 text
Architecture Components ͱ
• ෳͷػೳɾϥΠϒϥϦͷ૯শ
• Lifecycles
• LiveData
• ViewModel
• Room
• Paging
ݸผར༻OK
Έ߹Θͤར༻OK
Slide 8
Slide 8 text
Architecture Components ͱ
• ෳͷػೳɾϥΠϒϥϦͷ૯শ
• Lifecycles
• LiveData
• ViewModel
• Room
• Paging
ࠓͷςʔϚ͜Ε
લճ
࣍ճ
* RxJava
* ReactiveStreams
* Dagger
ʹ͍ͭͯࠓճऔΓ্͛·ͤΜ
Slide 9
Slide 9 text
Architecture Components ͱ
• Google I/O 2017 Ͱൃදʢ1.0.0 alpha 1ʣ
• ݱࡏͷ҆ఆόʔδϣϯ : 1.1.0 ʢ20182݄22ʣ
https://developer.android.com/topic/libraries/architecture/release-notes.html
Slide 10
Slide 10 text
Architecture Components ͷઃఆ
dependencies {
// ViewModel and LiveData
implementation “android.arch.lifecycle:extensions:x.y.z"
kapt “android.arch.lifecycle:compiler:x.y.z”
}
ϓϩδΣΫτͷ build.gradle
https://developer.android.com/topic/libraries/architecture/adding-components.html
Slide 11
Slide 11 text
No content
Slide 12
Slide 12 text
Lifecycles ͓͞Β͍
Slide 13
Slide 13 text
Lifecycles
• Lifecycles = Lifecycle-aware Components
• ϥΠϑαΠΫϧΛݕ͢Δίϯϙʔωϯτ
• Activity Fragment ͷϥΠϑαΠΫϧঢ়ଶ͕มΘͬͨͱ͖ʹԿ͔
ΞΫγϣϯΛى͜͢ɺͱ͍͏͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ʹͳΔ
Slide 14
Slide 14 text
Lifecycle.State
• ݱࡏͷϥΠϑαΠΫϧঢ়ଶΛද͢ enum
• INITIALIZED
• DESTROYED
• CREATED
• STARTED
• RESUMED
https://developer.android.com/topic/libraries/architecture/lifecycle.html
Slide 15
Slide 15 text
Lifecycle.Event
• ϥΠϑαΠΫϧঢ়ଶ͕มΘͬͨ࣌ͷΠϕϯτΛද͢ enum
https://developer.android.com/topic/libraries/architecture/lifecycle.html
• ON_CREATE
• ON_START
• ON_RESUME
• ON_PAUSE
• ON_STOP
• ON_DESTROY
• ON_ANY
Slide 16
Slide 16 text
ݱࡏͷϥΠϑαΠΫϧΛऔಘࢹ͢Δ
val state: Lifecycle.State = lifecycle.currentState
// state.compareTo(Lifecycle.State.INITIALIZED)
lifecycle.addObserver(object : LifecycleObserver {
@OnLifecycleEvent(Event.ON_ANY)
fun onAny(source: LifecycleOwner, event: Event) {
// ...
}
})
Slide 17
Slide 17 text
LiveData ͓͞Β͍
Slide 18
Slide 18 text
ओͳLiveData
• LiveData (android.arch.lifecycle)
௨ৗͷ LiveData
• MutableLiveData (android.arch.lifecycle)
֎෦͔ΒมߋՄೳͳ LiveData
• MediatorLiveData (android.arch.lifecycle)
ෳͷ LiveData ΛଋͶͯཧ͢Δ LiveData
Slide 19
Slide 19 text
ViewModel
Slide 20
Slide 20 text
ViewModel
• Activity ͷը໘ճస࣌ͷσʔλอ࣋
• Activity ͷෳ Fragment ؒͰͷσʔλड͚͠
• LiveData ͱซ༻͢Δ͜ͱ͕ଟ͍
• ϓϩηεఀࢭޙ෮چͰ͖ͳ͍
• σʔλͷӬଓԽͰͳ͍
Slide 21
Slide 21 text
ViewModel
Slide 22
Slide 22 text
͜Ε·Ͱͷը໘ճసରԠʁ
Slide 23
Slide 23 text
͜Ε·Ͱͷը໘ճసରԠʁ
• Activity#onSaveInstanceState()
• FragmentActivity#onRetainCustomNonConfigurationInstance()
• Fragment#setRetainInstance()
• android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden"
• ݻఆ…
Slide 24
Slide 24 text
Activity#onSaveInstanceState()
Slide 25
Slide 25 text
class BeefActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
companion object {
private const val EXTRA_BEEF_KEY = "8044"
}
// ...
public override fun onSaveInstanceState(outState: Bundle) {
outState.putString(EXTRA_BEEF_KEY, beef.text as String)
super.onSaveInstanceState(outState)
}
override fun onRestoreInstanceState(savedInstanceState: Bundle) {
super.onRestoreInstanceState(savedInstanceState)
beef.text = savedInstanceState.getString(EXTRA_BEEF_KEY)
}
}
Activity#onSaveInstanceState()
onRestoreInstanceStateͰͳ͘onCreate()ͰՄ
Slide 26
Slide 26 text
Activity#onSaveInstanceState()
• ը໘ճసΞϓϦόοΫάϥϯυޙͷϓϩηεఀࢭ͔Βσʔ
λΛ෮چͰ͖Δɻ
• ୯७Ͱগྔͷσʔλ͖
ʢEditText ͷೖྗσʔλอ࣋εΫϩʔϧҐஔͳͲʣ
• େ͖͍σʔλෳࡶͳσʔλ Configuration Change தʹ
ύϑΥʔϚϯεԼʹͭͳ͕Δ
Slide 27
Slide 27 text
FragmentActivity#
onRetainCustomNonConfigurationInstance()
Slide 28
Slide 28 text
onRetainCustomNonConfigurationInstance()
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
}
}
Slide 29
Slide 29 text
onRetainCustomNonConfigurationInstance()
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
}
override fun onRetainCustomNonConfigurationInstance(): Any {
return Dog("chip", 6)
}
}
data class Dog(val name: String, val age: Int)
อ͍࣋ͨ͠ΠϯελϯεΛฦ٫
Slide 30
Slide 30 text
onRetainCustomNonConfigurationInstance()
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
val dog =
lastCustomNonConfigurationInstance as Dog? ?: Dog("wasa", 18)
}
override fun onRetainCustomNonConfigurationInstance(): Any {
return Dog("chip", 6)
}
}
data class Dog(val name: String, val age: Int)
औಘ
Slide 31
Slide 31 text
onRetainCustomNonConfigurationInstance()
• ը໘ճసޙͷσʔλ෮چͰ͖Δɻ
• όοΫάϥϯυޙͷϓϩηεఀࢭ͔Βσʔλ෮چͰ
͖ͳ͍
• ը૾ͳͲͷେ͖ͳσʔλෳࡶͳσʔλอ࣋Ͱ͖Δ
• ͓खܰͳؾ͕͢Δ
Slide 32
Slide 32 text
Fragment#setRetainInstance()
Slide 33
Slide 33 text
@RestrictTo(RestrictTo.Scope.LIBRARY_GROUP)
public class HolderFragment extends Fragment
ɹɹɹɹɹɹɹɹɹɹɹɹɹɹɹɹɹimplements ViewModelStoreOwner {
private static final String LOG_TAG = "ViewModelStores";
// ...
public HolderFragment() {
setRetainInstance(true);
}
// ...
}
Fragment#setRetainInstance()
AACͷ෦࣮ΛҰ෦ൈਮ
Slide 34
Slide 34 text
Fragment#setRetainInstance()
• ը໘ճసޙͷσʔλ෮چͰ͖Δɻ
• όοΫάϥϯυޙͷϓϩηεఀࢭ͔Βσʔλ෮چͰ
͖ͳ͍
• ը૾ͳͲͷେ͖ͳσʔλෳࡶͳσʔλอ࣋Ͱ͖Δ
• ViewModel ͷ෦࣮ͰΘΕ͍ͯΔ
Slide 35
Slide 35 text
ViewModel
Slide 36
Slide 36 text
ViewModelͷܧঝ
୯७ʹViewModelΛܧঝ͢Δ
# ViewActivityContext͍͚࣋ͬͯͳ͍
data class User(val name: String, val age: Int)
class UserViewModel : ViewModel() {
private var user: MutableLiveData? = null
fun getUser() {
if (user == null) {
user = MutableLiveData()
load()
}
}
private fun load() {
// ...
}
}
Slide 37
Slide 37 text
ViewModelΛΠϯελϯεԽ
val user =
ViewModelProviders.of(this).get(UserViewModel::class.java)
user.getUser()?.observe(this, Observer { it ->
// Log.d("BEEF", "$it")
})
ViewModelProvidersΛͬͯΠϯελϯεԽ͢Δ
# ৄࡉޙड़
Slide 38
Slide 38 text
class UserViewModel : ViewModel() {
// ...
}
ViewModel#onCleared()ͰϦʔΫࢭ
Slide 39
Slide 39 text
class UserViewModel : ViewModel() {
var disposables = CompositeDisposable()
// ...
override fun onCleared() {
super.onCleared()
// ϦʔΫࢭɺղ์͢Δ߹͜͜Ͱɻ
disposables.dispose()
}
}
ViewModel#onCleared()ͰϦʔΫࢭ
Slide 40
Slide 40 text
AndroidViewModel
Slide 41
Slide 41 text
AndroidViewModelͷܧঝ
class DogsViewModel(app: Application) : AndroidViewModel(app) {
@Inject lateinit var repo: DogRepository
var dogs: MutableLiveData? = null
init {
// (app as BeefApp).applicationInjector() as AppComponent
}
// ...
}
ViewModelͰApplication͕ඞཁͳ߹ʹ͑Δ
Slide 42
Slide 42 text
AndroidViewModelΛΠϯελϯεԽ
val dogs =
ViewModelProviders.of(this).get(DogsViewModel::class.java)
dogs.getUser()?.observe(this, Observer { it ->
// Log.d("DACHSHUND", "$it")
})
લड़ͷViewModelͱҰॹͰ͢
# ৄࡉޙड़
Slide 43
Slide 43 text
ViewModelProvider /s
Slide 44
Slide 44 text
ViewModelProvider /sͰΠϯελϯεԽ
val user =
ViewModelProviders.of(this).get(UserViewModel::class.java)
ViewModelViewModelProviderܦ༝Ͱ
ΠϯελϯεԽ͠ͳ͚Ε͍͚·ͤΜ
val user = UserViewModel()
Slide 45
Slide 45 text
val user =
ViewModelProviders.of(this)
.get(UserViewModel::class.java)
val user =
ViewModelProviders.of()
.get(::class.java)
ViewModelProvider /s
ViewModelProviders.of()ʹࢦఆͰ͖Δͷ
FragmentActivity͔Fragment͚ͩ
Slide 46
Slide 46 text
ViewModelProviders#of()
@NonNull
@MainThread
public static ViewModelProvider of(@NonNull Fragment fragment) {}
@NonNull
@MainThread
public static ViewModelProvider of(@NonNull FragmentActivity activity) {}
@NonNull
@MainThread
public static ViewModelProvider of(@NonNull Fragment fragment, @NonNull Factory factory) {}
@NonNull
@MainThread
public static ViewModelProvider of(@NonNull FragmentActivity activity,
@NonNull Factory factory) {}
Fragment͔FragmentActivityͷΈαϙʔτ͍ͯ͠Δ
Slide 47
Slide 47 text
val user =
ViewModelProviders.of()
.get(::class.java)
val user =
ViewModelProviders.of(this)
.get(UserViewModel::class.java)
ViewModelProvider /s
ViewModelProvider.get()ʹ
ViewModelΛܧঝͨ͠ΫϥεΛࢦఆ͢Δ
Slide 48
Slide 48 text
ViewModelProvider /s
class MyDogFragment : Fragment() {
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
val userA =
ViewModelProviders.of(this).get(UserViewModel::class.java)
val userB =
ViewModelProviders.of(activity!!).get(UserViewModel::class.java)
}
}
userAͱuserBΠϯελϯε͕ҧ͍
ViewModelProviders.of()ʹͨ͠ΫϥεʹΑͬͯΠϯελϯε͕ܾ·Δ
Slide 49
Slide 49 text
ViewModelProvider.Factory
Slide 50
Slide 50 text
ViewModelProvider.Factory
val user = ViewModelProviders.of(this).get(UserViewModel::class.java)
ViewModelProviders.of()ʹୈೋҾ͕ࢦఆͰ͖ͯ
ViewModelͷੜํ๏ΛมߋͰ͖Δ
Slide 51
Slide 51 text
ViewModelProvider.Factory
val user = ViewModelProviders.of(this).get(UserViewModel::class.java)
Slide 52
Slide 52 text
val user = ViewModelProviders.of(this, object : ViewModelProvider.Factory {
override fun create(modelClass: Class): T {
// Կ͔͠Βॲཧ
@Suppress("UNCHECKED_CAST")
return UserViewModel(repo) as T
}
}).get(UserViewModel::class.java)
ViewModelProvider.Factoryͷࢦఆ
Slide 53
Slide 53 text
ViewModelProvider.Factoryͷܧঝ
class UserViewModelFactory
@Inject constructor(val repo: UserRepository) : ViewModelProvider.Factory {
@Suppress("UNCHECKED_CAST")
override fun create(modelClass: Class): T {
return UserViewModel(repo) as T
}
}
ViewModelProvider.FactoryΛܧঝͯ͠ҾΛ༩͑ͨΓͰ͖Δ
DaggerͰɺFactoryʹ@Singleton͚ͭͯཧͨ͠Γ
ViewModelInjectͨ͠Γ͢Δ߹ɺ͜ͷܧঝ͕ඞཁʹͳΓ·͢
https://github.com/googlesamples/android-architecture-components/blob/master/GithubBrowserSample/app/src/main/java/com/android/example/github/viewmodel/GithubViewModelFactory.java
Slide 54
Slide 54 text
ViewModelProvider.Factoryؔ࿈
/**
* Simple factory, which calls empty constructor on the give class.
*/
public static class NewInstanceFactory implements Factory {}
/**
* {@link Factory} which may create {@link AndroidViewModel} and
* {@link ViewModel}, which have an empty constructor.
*/
public static class AndroidViewModelFactory
extends ViewModelProvider.NewInstanceFactory {}
ͦͷଞ
Slide 55
Slide 55 text
՝
http://bit.ly/AAC-VM
Slide 56
Slide 56 text
՝ 0
http://bit.ly/AAC-VM
Slide 57
Slide 57 text
՝ 0
• Empty Activity Ͱ৽͍͠KotlinϓϩδΣΫτΛ࡞Δ
ʢύοέʔδ໊ com.sample.viewmodel Λఆʣ
// build.gradle
apply plugin: 'kotlin-kapt'
dependencies {
implementation "com.android.support:appcompat-v7:27.0.2"
// …
implementation "android.arch.lifecycle:extensions:1.1.0"
kapt "android.arch.lifecycle:compiler:1.1.0"
}
http://bit.ly/AAC-VM
Slide 58
Slide 58 text
՝ 1
http://bit.ly/AAC-VM
Slide 59
Slide 59 text
՝ 1
• ViewModelΛܧঝͨ͠UserViewModelʹॻ͖͑ͯΈΑ͏
class UserViewModel {
private var user: User? = null
fun getUser(): User? {
if (user == null) {
load()
}
return user
}
private fun load() {
user = User("Hanyu", 23)
}
}
data class User(val name: String, val age: Int)
http://bit.ly/AAC-VM
Slide 60
Slide 60 text
՝ 1 (ྫ)
class UserViewModel : ViewModel() {
private var user: MutableLiveData? = null
fun getUser(): MutableLiveData? {
if (user == null) {
user = MutableLiveData()
load()
}
return user
}
private fun load() {
user?.postValue(User("Hanyu", 23))
}
}
data class User(val name: String, val age: Int)
http://bit.ly/AAC-VM
Slide 61
Slide 61 text
՝ 1 - 2
• ܧঝͨ͠UserViewModelΛActivityͰͬͯΈΑ͏
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
val user = UserViewModel()
Log.d("OLYMPICS", user.getUser()?.toString())
}
}
http://bit.ly/AAC-VM
Slide 62
Slide 62 text
՝ 1 - 2 (ྫ)
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
val user = ViewModelProviders.of(this).get(UserViewModel::class.java)
user.getUser()?.observe(this, Observer {
Log.d(“OLYMPICS", it?.toString())
})
}
}
http://bit.ly/AAC-VM
Slide 63
Slide 63 text
՝ 1 - 3
• ը໘ճసͯ͠ಉ͡Πϯελϯε͔Ͳ͏͔֬ೝͯ͠ΈΑ͏
コレで回転
http://bit.ly/AAC-VM
Slide 64
Slide 64 text
՝ 2
http://bit.ly/AAC-VM
Slide 65
Slide 65 text
՝ 2
• Fragment Ͱ userA/B/C ͕ಉ͔֬͡ೝ͠Α͏
class DogFragment : Fragment() {
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
val userA = ViewModelProviders.of(this).get(UserViewModel::class.java)
val userB = ViewModelProviders.of(activity!!).get(UserViewModel::class.java)
val userC = ViewModelProviders.of(this).get(UserViewModel::class.java)
}
}
http://bit.ly/AAC-VM
Slide 66
Slide 66 text
՝ 3
http://bit.ly/AAC-VM
Slide 67
Slide 67 text
՝ 3
• 2ͭͷFragment Ͱ user ͕ಉ͔֬͡ೝ͠Α͏
class TopFragment : Fragment() {
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
val user = ViewModelProviders.of(this).get(UserViewModel::class.java)
}
}
class BottomFragment : Fragment() {
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
val user = ViewModelProviders.of(this).get(UserViewModel::class.java)
}
} http://bit.ly/AAC-VM
Slide 68
Slide 68 text
ViewModelProvider /s ෮श
class MyDogFragment : Fragment() {
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
val userA =
ViewModelProviders.of(this).get(UserViewModel::class.java)
val userB =
ViewModelProviders.of(activity!!).get(UserViewModel::class.java)
}
}
userAͱuserBΠϯελϯε͕ҧ͍
ViewModelProviders.of()ʹͨ͠ΫϥεʹΑͬͯΠϯελϯε͕ܾ·Δ
Slide 69
Slide 69 text
Thanks.
twitter.com/wasabeef_jp
wasabeef.jp
github.com/wasabeef