Build Responsively, 2013, Converge RVA, Richmond, VA

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@bencallahan @robertharr Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Wednesday, October 16, 13

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@hearsparkbox @brworkshop @bencallahan @robertharr Wednesday, October 16, 13

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#convergerva #brworkshop Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Please, turn off Dropbox sync. Wednesday, October 16, 13

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And, stop streaming Game of Thrones. Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Collaborative note-taking experiment: http://bit.ly/19neMUs Wednesday, October 16, 13

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About Us Wednesday, October 16, 13

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About You Wednesday, October 16, 13

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AN INTRODUCTION TO RESPONSIVE WEB DESIGN RWD 101 Wednesday, October 16, 13

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September 9, 2007 6:30am Wednesday, October 16, 13

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177% increase in tablet ownership since last year In the US... http://bit.ly/YFW4Ai Wednesday, October 16, 13

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80% of consumers multi-task with other devices while watching TV In the US... http://bit.ly/YFW4Ai Wednesday, October 16, 13

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26% of consumers own a laptop, tablet & smartphone http://bit.ly/YFW4Ai In the US... Wednesday, October 16, 13

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The web is not fixed width Wednesday, October 16, 13

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The penetration of desktop & laptop ownership is the same today as it was in 2007. http://bit.ly/zE1zgp In the US... Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Mobile vs Desktop Browsing 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Mobile Users Desktop Users http://bit.ly/L5cqiO Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Not that far away 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Mobile Users Desktop Users http://bit.ly/L5cqiO Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Q1 2013 conversions on tablets surpassed conversions on traditional desktops http://bit.ly/sNpLte In the US... Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Flexibility is the new norm Wednesday, October 16, 13

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People are trying to browse your sites on these devices, today Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Responsive web design Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Ethan Marcotte Article on ALA (http://bit.ly/Wi0xvw) Book via ABA (http://bit.ly/f6TPB7) Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Wednesday, October 16, 13

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RWD 101 ‣ Three Core Techniques - A Fluid Foundation - Flexible Content - Media Queries Wednesday, October 16, 13

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A Fluid Foundation Honor the proportions of the design by creating percentage-based layout instead of fixed-width, pixel-based layout. Wednesday, October 16, 13

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A Fluid Foundation Browser Window 1000px 600px 400px Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Browser Window A Fluid Foundation 1000px 600px 400px Wednesday, October 16, 13

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A Fluid Foundation Browser Window 100% 60% 40% Wednesday, October 16, 13

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A Fluid Foundation Browser Window 100% 60% 40% Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Flexible Content Once we have a layout which is based on proportions, the content must also respond. Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Browser Window We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America. Flexible Content Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Browser Window We the People of the United States, in Order to form a Flexible Content (Image) 600px Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Browser Window We the People of the United States, in Order to form a Flexible Content (Image) 600px http://bit.ly/ZdC8pH Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Browser Window We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common Flexible Content (Image) 100% Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Media Queries When our content and our design are no longer working in harmony, we need to make a larger shift in layout. Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Browser Window 100% 60% 40% Media Queries Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Browser Window A 100% B 100% C 100% Media Queries Browser Window A 100% B 60% C 40% Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Browser Window A 100% B 60% C 40% Media Queries Browser Window A 100% B 100% C 100% Wednesday, October 16, 13

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[live examples] Wednesday, October 16, 13

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RWD 101 ‣ Three Core Techniques - A Fluid Foundation - Flexible Content - Media Queries Wednesday, October 16, 13

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[code examples] Wednesday, October 16, 13

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WEB DESIGN PROCESS IN A RESPONSIVE WORLD RWD WORKFLOW Wednesday, October 16, 13

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A SHIFT IN MINDSET Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Where we’ve been Wednesday, October 16, 13

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A SHIFT IN MINDSET Traditional Linear Workflow DESIGN FRONT-END BACK-END LAUNCH! Wednesday, October 16, 13

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A SHIFT IN MINDSET Traditional Linear Workflow DESIGN FRONT-END BACK-END LAUNCH! TH IN K A B O U T U SER S Wednesday, October 16, 13

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A SHIFT IN MINDSET Traditional Linear Workflow DESIGN FRONT-END BACK-END LAUNCH! TH IN K A B O U T U SER S TH R O W IN C O N TEN T Wednesday, October 16, 13

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A SHIFT IN MINDSET Slightly Better Linear Workflow CONTENT UX DESIGN FRONT-END BACK-END LAUNCH! Wednesday, October 16, 13

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What happens when you throw RWD into this process? Wednesday, October 16, 13

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A SHIFT IN MINDSET Linear Workflow CONTENT UX DESIGN FRONT-END BACK-END LAUNCH Now with RWD! Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Now with RWD! A SHIFT IN MINDSET Linear Workflow CONTENT UX DESIGN FRONT-END BACK-END LAUNCH Me too! Ditto! Wednesday, October 16, 13

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This doesn’t work. Wednesday, October 16, 13

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(example: seesparkbox.com) Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Jakob Nielsen Says... ‣ Build a separate mobile site ‣ Cut features ‣ Cut content http://www.nngroup.com/articles/mobile-site-vs-full-site/ Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Jakob Nielsen Says... ‣ Build a separate mobile site ‣ Cut features ‣ Cut content http://www.nngroup.com/articles/mobile-site-vs-full-site/ PLEASE, NO. Wednesday, October 16, 13

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We need to invite others into the process Wednesday, October 16, 13

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A SHIFT IN MINDSET “1 Deliverable” Workflow Wednesday, October 16, 13

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CONTENT UX FRONT-END DESIGN BACK-END “1 Deliverable” Workflow Wednesday, October 16, 13

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CONTENT UX FRONT-END DESIGN BACK-END “1 Deliverable” Workflow Wednesday, October 16, 13

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CONTENT UX FRONT-END DESIGN BACK-END “1 Deliverable” Workflow Wednesday, October 16, 13

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CONTENT UX FRONT-END DESIGN BACK-END “1 Deliverable” Workflow Wednesday, October 16, 13

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A SHIFT IN MINDSET ‣ Pros - Natural Decisions - Encourages Collaboration - Encourages Iteration - Better Results “1 Deliverable” Workflow Wednesday, October 16, 13

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A SHIFT IN MINDSET ‣ Cons - Requires Change - May Conflict with Organizational Structure - Dependent on Team Make-up “1 Deliverable” Workflow Wednesday, October 16, 13

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What happens when you invite others into the process? Wednesday, October 16, 13

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The quality as a whole improves Wednesday, October 16, 13

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(example: nd.edu) Wednesday, October 16, 13

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So, how do we actually do this? Wednesday, October 16, 13

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A SHIFT IN PROCESS Wednesday, October 16, 13

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A SHIFT IN PROCESS A Process Myth Each client deliverable needs to look more like a ﬁnal, beautiful end-product than the previous one. Wednesday, October 16, 13

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A SHIFT IN PROCESS Which Results In Pushing toward nearly-designed wireframes quickly and completely designed comps soon after. (This sets up all sorts of unrealistic client expectations.) Wednesday, October 16, 13

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A SHIFT IN PROCESS A Better Approach Inviting the client into the process regularly so that “deliverables” become “progress updates.” Time is not wasted on perfecting the parts, but advancing the whole. Wednesday, October 16, 13

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A SHIFT IN PROCESS Our Deliverables Updates ‣ Research Deliverables Updates ‣ Content Deliverables Updates ‣ Priority Deliverables Updates ‣ Style Deliverables Updates ‣ Functional Deliverables Updates Wednesday, October 16, 13

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A SHIFT IN PROCESS Let’s Focus On... ‣ Research Updates ‣ Content Updates ‣ Priority Updates ‣ Style Updates ‣ Functional Updates Wednesday, October 16, 13

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A SHIFT IN PROCESS Priority Updates ‣ Content Priority Prototypes - Takes the place of a traditional wireframe. - As much real content as you can. - Linear in nature, priority implied. - Possibly created in HTML, viewed in a browser. - Generated by content/UX people. Wednesday, October 16, 13

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A SHIFT IN PROCESS Priority Updates ‣ Content Priority Examples - Non HTML examples • Smashing Article: Design Process In The Responsive Age - HTML example • building.seesparkbox.com Wednesday, October 16, 13

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A SHIFT IN PROCESS Style Updates ‣ Style Prototype - Like Style Tiles, but in the browser (styletil.es). - Very fast to build. - Accurate web typography. - Easy to show web interaction. - Client reviews in their browser of preference. Wednesday, October 16, 13

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A SHIFT IN PROCESS Style Updates ‣ Style Prototype Examples - building.seesparkbox.com • new Sparkbox web style prototype - dressresponsively.com • dress responsively style prototype Wednesday, October 16, 13

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A SHIFT IN PROCESS Other Style Updates ‣ Element Collages (Dan Mall) ‣ Style Tiles (Samantha Warren) ‣ Photoshop Comps (Everyone) Wednesday, October 16, 13

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A SHIFT IN PROCESS Use What The Project Needs ‣ Research Deliverables Updates ‣ Content Deliverables Updates ‣ Priority Deliverables Updates ‣ Style Deliverables Updates ‣ Functional Deliverables Updates Wednesday, October 16, 13

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BEN & ROB’S LATEST THEORY ON WEB PROCESS Wednesday, October 16, 13

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The amount of process required is inversely proportional to the skill and experience of your team. Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Create the perfect, fully- documented, all-encompassing web design and development process. Or... Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Chill out and develop our people. Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Discussion ‣ What happens next in this process? ‣ How are you handling RWD deliverables now? ‣ What are you struggling with? Wednesday, October 16, 13

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CODE AND PROJECT STRUCTURE SERVING RWD STYLES Wednesday, October 16, 13

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SERVING RWD STYLES Major Approaches ‣ Single CSS File ‣ Multiple CSS Files ‣ Breakpoint Based Partials ‣ Module Based Partials Wednesday, October 16, 13

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SERVING RWD STYLES Major Approaches ‣ Single CSS File ‣ Multiple CSS Files ‣ Breakpoint Based Partials ‣ Module Based Partials CSS PREPROCESSING FTW! Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Before any of this stuff will work, you need to do this: Wednesday, October 16, 13

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And, you should also do this: /* CSS */ @-webkit-viewport { width:device-width; } @-moz-viewport { width:device-width; } @-ms-viewport { width:device-width; } @-o-viewport { width:device-width; } @viewport { width:device-width; } Wednesday, October 16, 13

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The Example 100% 50% 30% Wednesday, October 16, 13

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SERVING RWD STYLES Major Approaches ‣ Single CSS File ‣ Multiple CSS Files ‣ Breakpoint Based Partials ‣ Module Based Partials Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Single CSS File HTML CSS Start with styles applied to all Styles scoped to a media query Styles scoped to another media query Wednesday, October 16, 13

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/* styles.css */ aside { color: #333; width: 100%; } Single CSS File Wednesday, October 16, 13

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/* styles.css */ aside { color: #333; width: 100%; } /* if the viewport width is 40em or greater */ Single CSS File Wednesday, October 16, 13

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PAUSE: MEDIA QUERIES Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Media Types all braille, embossed, speech handheld, projection, screen, tv print tty http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/media.html#media-types Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Media Features width, height device-width, device-height orientation aspect-ratio, device-aspect-ratio color, color-index, monochrome resolution, scan, grid http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-mediaqueries Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Single CSS File HTML CSS Start with styles applied to all Styles scoped to a media query Styles scoped to another media query Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Small Viewport Width First HTML CSS Smallest styles Wider styles (mq) Even wider styles (mq) Super wide styles (mq) Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Large Viewport Width First HTML CSS Widest styles Wide styles (mq) Narrow styles (mq) Very narrow styles (mq) Wednesday, October 16, 13

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/* styles.css */ aside { color: #333; width: 100%; } /* if the viewport width is 40em or greater */ Single CSS File Wednesday, October 16, 13

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/* styles.css */ aside { color: #333; width: 100%; } /* if the viewport width is 40em or greater */ @media (min-width: 40em) { aside { width: 50%; } } Single CSS File Wednesday, October 16, 13

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/* styles.css */ aside { color: #333; width: 100%; } /* if the viewport width is 40em or greater */ @media (min-width: 40em) { aside { width: 50%; } } Single CSS File Wednesday, October 16, 13

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/* styles.css */ aside { color: #333; width: 100%; } /* if the viewport width is 40em or greater */ @media (min-width: 40em) { aside { width: 50%; } } /* if the viewport width is 60em or greater */ @media (min-width: 60em) { aside { width: 30%; } } Single CSS File Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Single CSS File /* styles.css */ aside { color: #333; width: 100%; } /* if the viewport width is 40em or greater */ @media (min-width: 40em) { aside { width: 50%; } } /* if the viewport width is 60em or greater */ @media (min-width: 60em) { aside { width: 30%; } } Small Viewport Width First Wednesday, October 16, 13

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/* styles.css */ aside { color: #333; width: 30%; } /* if the viewport width is 60em or less */ @media (max-width: 60em) { aside { width: 50%; } } /* if the viewport width is 40em or less */ @media (max-width: 40em) { aside { width: 100%; } } Single CSS File Large Viewport Width First Wednesday, October 16, 13

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SERVING RWD STYLES Single CSS File ‣ Simple to implement ‣ Single request ‣ Doesn’t require a preprocessor ‣ Requires JS to serve large layout to old IE if starting with small layouts ‣ Large sites can be difficult to maintain because of the size of the single file Wednesday, October 16, 13

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SERVING RWD STYLES Major Approaches ‣ Single CSS File ‣ Multiple CSS Files ‣ Breakpoint Based Partials ‣ Module Based Partials Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Multiple CSS Files HTML If this browser is less than IE9... and it’s not IE Mobile... and viewport width is at least 40em... global.css all styles linear layout layout.css only styles for layout http://adactio.com/journal/4494/ Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Multiple CSS Files index.html Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Multiple CSS Files index.html Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Multiple CSS Files index.html Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Multiple CSS Files index.html Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Multiple CSS Files index.html Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Multiple CSS Files global.css aside { color: #333; width: 100%; } layout.css aside { width: 50%; } @media (min-width: 60em) { aside { width: 30%; } } Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Multiple CSS Files global.css aside { color: #333; width: 100%; } layout.css aside { width: 50%; } @media (min-width: 60em) { aside { width: 30%; } } Wednesday, October 16, 13

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SERVING RWD STYLES Multiple CSS Files ‣ Doesn’t require a preprocessor ‣ At least two requests ‣ Requires you to separate layout from other styles ‣ Allows you to start with small layouts and serve a single large layout to old IE without JS - Requests go up if you use multiple MQs Wednesday, October 16, 13

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SERVING RWD STYLES Major Approaches ‣ Single CSS File ‣ Multiple CSS Files ‣ Breakpoint Based Partials ‣ Module Based Partials Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Breakpoint Based Partials HTML If this browser is less than IE9... and it’s not IE Mobile... base.css all styles/MQ blocks no-mq.css MQ styles from base without the MQs http://nicolasgallagher.com/mobile-first-css-sass-and-ie/ Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Breakpoint Based Partials index.html Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Breakpoint Based Partials base.css aside { color: #333; width: 100%; } @media (min-width: 40em) { aside { width: 50%; } } @media (min-width: 60em) { aside { width: 30%; } } no-mq.css aside { width: 50%; } aside { width: 30%; } Wednesday, October 16, 13

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PAUSE: CSS PREPROCESSORS Wednesday, October 16, 13

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styles.scss styles.css We write SASS (or LESS, Stylus, etc.) Browser gets CSS (like it always has) PREPROCESSING What is CSS Preprocessing? Wednesday, October 16, 13

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The Big Three: LESS, SASS, and Stylus Wednesday, October 16, 13

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LESS ‣ Runs on Node.js ‣ Very similar syntax to SASS ‣ http://lesscss.org/ Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Variables are specified with @ symbol /* .less */ @top-variable: 20px; ! #header-shadow { ! position: absolute; ! ! top: @top-variable; ! } LESS syntax Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Stylus ‣ Runs on Node.js ‣ Has a flexible syntax - You can omit semi-colons, colons, and braces ‣ http://learnboost.github.com/ stylus/ Wednesday, October 16, 13

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/* .styl */ top-variable = 20px ! #main-header ! position absolute ! ! top top-variable #footer { ! background: blue ! ! border 1px solid #00f; } Notice the terse, forgiving syntax. Stylus Syntax Wednesday, October 16, 13

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SASS ‣ Runs on Ruby ‣ Has two syntax flavors - .scss & .sass ‣ http://sass-lang.com/ Wednesday, October 16, 13

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$main-color: blue /* .scss */ #main { color: $main-color; font-size: 0.3em; } /* .sass */ #main color: $main-color font-size: 0.3em SASS Sytax Wednesday, October 16, 13

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What’s so cool about preprocessors, anyway? Wednesday, October 16, 13

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/* .scss */ .food-list { list-style: none; li { font-size: 1rem; a { color: red; } } } Nesting /* .css */ .food-list { list-style: none; } .food-list li { font-size: 1rem; } .food-list li a { color: red; } Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Nesting can be abused. /* This is bad. Don’t do it. */ html body #main div.primary .big-header { font-size: 2em; } ! Wednesday, October 16, 13

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/*.scss*/ $white: rgba(255,255,255,1); /*.less*/ @white: rgba(255,255,255,1); /*.styl*/ white = rgba(255,255,255,1); $black = rgba(0,0,0,1); Variables Wednesday, October 16, 13

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/*.scss*/ @mixin border-radius( $value : 10px ) { ! -webkit-border-radius: $value; ! -moz-border-radius: $value; ! ! ! border-radius: $value; } Mixins .btn{ @include border-radius(25px); } Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Mixins ‣ SASS and Stylus both support basic programming like loops, if/ else, etc. in mixins. ‣ LESS only offers “guarded mixins.” - I hear this is better with the *new* version... Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Sparkbox REM Mixin Wednesday, October 16, 13

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/*.scss*/ @include rem(padding, 0.5, 1, 4, 3); @include rem(font-size, 1.2, large); Sparkbox REM Mixin Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Compass & Bourbon ‣ Compass and Bourbon are mixin libraries for SASS ‣ Takes care of vendor prefixes with mixins ‣ Compass has an ecosystem of plugins built on top of Compass ‣ With config.rb, Compass lets you check the preprocessor config into source control Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Compass & Bourbon Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Importing ‣ Allows you to break up your styles across files - variables, mixins, reset, all separated ‣ Better than a standard css import Wednesday, October 16, 13

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this file will compile to base.css /* base.scss */ @import "compass"; @import "variables"; @import "reset"; @import "mixins"; @import "header"; @import "hero"; @import "whatever"; Importing Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Google Chrome Developer Tools & SASS Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Source Maps ‣ Using pre-processors does present some new challenges. ‣ Line-numbers are no longer representative of where the code is. Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Source Maps ‣ Source maps let Chrome know the source of the generated CSS. Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Setup Chrome for SASS Source Maps Support ‣ head over to chrome://flags - Enable Developer Tools Experiments Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Setup Chrome for SASS Source Maps Support ‣ Enable Support for SASS in the Dev Tools options Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Setup Chrome for SASS Source Maps Support ‣ Enable support for Source maps Wednesday, October 16, 13

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The last step is to turn on debug info in our CSS /* config.rb */ sass_options = { :debug_info => true } or /* command line */ sass --watch -g scss/:css/ Setup Chrome for SASS Source Maps Support Wednesday, October 16, 13

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CSS PREPROCESSORS Resources Codekit http://incident57.com/codekit/ Wednesday, October 16, 13

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CSS PREPROCESSORS Resources Scout http://mhs.github.com/scout-app/ Wednesday, October 16, 13

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CSS PREPROCESSORS Resources Compass http://compass-style.org/ Wednesday, October 16, 13

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CSS PREPROCESSORS Resources SASS Primer http://thesassway.com/beginner/getting- started-with-sass-and-compass Wednesday, October 16, 13

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_40em.scss aside { width: 50%; } Breakpoint Based Partials base.scss @import “smallest”; @media (min-width: 40em) { @import “40em”; } @media (min-width: 60em) { @import “60em”; } no-mq.scss @import “40em”; @import “60em”; _60em.scss aside { width: 30%; } _smallest.scss aside { color: #333; width: 100%;} Wednesday, October 16, 13

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SERVING RWD STYLES Breakpoint Based Partials ‣ Allows you to start with small layouts and serve large layout to old IE without JS ‣ Only 1 or 2 requests ‣ Requires preprocessor ‣ Maintenance can be complex Wednesday, October 16, 13

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SERVING RWD STYLES Major Approaches ‣ Single CSS File ‣ Multiple CSS Files ‣ Breakpoint Based Partials ‣ Module Based Partials Wednesday, October 16, 13

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HTML If < IE9 and not IE Mobile If >= IE9 or IE Mobile or not IE Module Based Partials no-mq.css All styles with no MQs mq.css All styles with MQs http://seesparkbox.com/foundry/ structuring_and_serving_styles_for_older_browsers Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Module Based Partials index.html Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Module Based Partials index.html Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Module Based Partials index.html Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Module Based Partials index.html Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Module Based Partials index.html Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Module Based Partials index.html Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Module Based Partials mq.css aside { color: #333; width: 100%; } @media (min-width: 40em) { aside { width: 50%; } } @media (min-width: 60em) { aside { width: 30%; } } no-mq.css aside { color: #333; width: 100%; width: 50%; width: 30%; } Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Module Based Partials mq.scss @import “compass”; @import “sb-media”; @import “aside”; @import “nav”; @import “footer”; ... no-mq.scss @import “compass”; @import “sb-media”; $sb-no-mq-support: true; @import “aside”; @import “nav”; @import “footer”; ... Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Module Based Partials _aside.scss aside { color: #333; width: 100%; @include sb-media(40em) { width: 50%; } @include sb-media(60em) { width: 30%; } } Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Module Based Partials _aside.scss aside { color: #333; width: 100%; @include sb-media(40em) { width: 50%; } @include sb-media(60em) { width: 30%; } } Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Module Based Partials _aside.scss aside { color: #333; width: 100%; @include sb-media(40em) { width: 50%; } @include sb-media(60em) { width: 30%; } } $sb-no-mq-support: true; aside { color: #333; width: 100%; width: 50%; width: 30%; } Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Module Based Partials $no-‐mq-‐support: false !default; $serve-‐to-‐nomq-‐max-‐width:60em; @mixin sb-‐media($query) { @if $no-‐mq-‐support{ @if $query < $serve-‐to-‐nomq-‐max-‐width { @content; } } @else { @media ( 'min-‐width:' + $query ) { @content; } } } https://github.com/sparkbox/SB-Media Wednesday, October 16, 13

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https://github.com/sparkbox/SB-Media Wednesday, October 16, 13

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https://github.com/Team-Sass/ breakpoint Wednesday, October 16, 13

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SERVING RWD STYLES Module Based Partials ‣ Single Request ‣ Easy Maintenance ‣ Allows you to start with small layouts and serve large layout to old IE without JS ‣ Requires Preprocessor Wednesday, October 16, 13

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This is so much more natural. Wednesday, October 16, 13

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THERE IS NO BREAKPOINT Wednesday, October 16, 13

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There is no Breakpoint aside { // general styles // major shift at 40em // major shift at 60em ... } aside { // general styles // major shift at 40em // minor tweak at 42em // minor tweak at 53.5em // minor tweak at 56em // major shift at 60em // minor tweak at 72.2em // minor tweak at 74em ... } Wednesday, October 16, 13

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There is no Breakpoint Media Query Bookmarklet (by @robtarr) Wednesday, October 16, 13

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There is no Breakpoint Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Relax. Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Think more modularly. Try something like SMACSS (from @snookca). Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Element Queries http://www.xanthir.com/b4PR0 Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Responsive Elements https://github.com/kumailht/responsive-elements Wednesday, October 16, 13

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http://seesparkbox.com/foundry/there_is_no_breakpoint There is no Breakpoint http://www.markboulton.co.uk/journal/theinbetween The In-Between http://www.jordanm.co.uk/post/43147197731/the-in-between The In-Between (2) Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Discussion ‣ How are you serving RWD styles today? ‣ How do you “support” older IE? Wednesday, October 16, 13

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MAKING EVERYTHING FLUID CREATING FLEXIBILITY Wednesday, October 16, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY What Needs to Flex ‣ Grids ‣ Layout ‣ Typography ‣ Images ‣ Tables ‣ Video Wednesday, October 16, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY What Needs to Flex ‣ Grids ‣ Layout ‣ Typography ‣ Images ‣ Tables ‣ Video Wednesday, October 16, 13

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It starts with the grid Wednesday, October 16, 13

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body { width: 1000px; } div.main { width: 700px; } aside { width: 280px; } It starts with the grid body { width: 100%; } div.main { width: 70%; } aside { width: 28%; } Wednesday, October 16, 13

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body { width: 1000px; } div.main { width: 700px; } It starts with the grid body { width: 100%; } div.main { width: 70%; } target / context = % 700 / 1000 = .7 .7 = 70% Wednesday, October 16, 13

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body { width: 1000px; } aside { width: 280px; } It starts with the grid body { width: 100%; } aside { width: 28%; } target / context = % 280 / 1000 = .28 .28 = 28% Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Responsive grid systems Wednesday, October 16, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY RWD Grid Systems ‣ Foundation ‣ Bootstrap ‣ Skeleton ‣ Responsive.gs ‣ Columnal ‣ ...this list goes on, and on, and on Wednesday, October 16, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY Semantic RWD Grid Systems ‣ Semantic.gs ‣ Susy ‣ Zen Grids Wednesday, October 16, 13

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@column-width: 60; @gutter-width: 20; @columns: 12; @total-width: 100%; header { @include column(12); } article { @include column(12); } aside { @include column(12); } @media (min-width: 38em) { article { @include column(8); } aside { @include column(4); } } Semantic.gs Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Semantic.gs @column-width: 60; @gutter-width: 20; @columns: 12; @total-width: 100%; header { @include column(12); } article { @include column(12); } aside { @include column(12); } @media (min-width: 38em) { article { @include column(8); } aside { @include column(4); } } Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Or, just roll your own Wednesday, October 16, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY What Needs to Flex ‣ Grids ‣ Layout ‣ Typography ‣ Images ‣ Tables ‣ Video Wednesday, October 16, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY Responsive Layout Patterns ‣ Source order stacking ‣ Content choreography ‣ Off canvas Wednesday, October 16, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY Responsive Layout Patterns ‣ Source order stacking ‣ Content choreography ‣ Off canvas Wednesday, October 16, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY Responsive Layout Patterns ‣ Source order stacking ‣ Content choreography ‣ Off canvas Wednesday, October 16, 13

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[AppendAround Demo] Wednesday, October 16, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY Responsive Layout Patterns ‣ Source order stacking ‣ Content choreography ‣ Off canvas Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Easiest to show a few examples: http://jasonweaver.name/lab/offcanvas/ http://disney.com/ http://www.lenovo.com/au/en/ Wednesday, October 16, 13

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There are many, many combinations of these basic ideas http://bit.ly/U4N5qH (http://bradfrost.github.com/this-is-responsive/patterns.html) Wednesday, October 16, 13

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There are some really cool new layout modules coming... Wednesday, October 16, 13

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http://www.netmagazine.com/tutorials/ master-new-css-layout-properties Wednesday, October 16, 13

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http://www.fivesimplesteps.com/ products/css3-layout-modules Wednesday, October 16, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY What Needs to Flex ‣ Grids ‣ Layout ‣ Typography ‣ Images ‣ Tables ‣ Video Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Type flexes by default Wednesday, October 16, 13

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We need to consider readability Wednesday, October 16, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY Responsive Typography ‣ Small screen != small font-size ‣ Consider contrast ‣ If text has links, give adequate room to touch them ‣ Viewport-based type sizing Wednesday, October 16, 13

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@snookca http://snook.ca/technical/colour_contrast/ colour.html @leaverou http://leaverou.github.com/contrast-ratio/ Wednesday, October 16, 13

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vw & vh CSS Units Wednesday, October 16, 13

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JS Alternatives Wednesday, October 16, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY What Needs to Flex ‣ Grids ‣ Layout ‣ Typography ‣ Images ‣ Tables ‣ Video Wednesday, October 16, 13

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img { max-width: 100%; } Flexible Images Wednesday, October 16, 13

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http://bit.ly/12TbTX4 (http://codepen.io/bencallahan/pen/CtLDb) Wednesday, October 16, 13

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The image problem(s) Wednesday, October 16, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY The image problem(s) ‣ Content ‣ Bandwidth ‣ Pixel density Wednesday, October 16, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY Image: Content Wednesday, October 16, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY Image: Content Wednesday, October 16, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY Image: Content Wednesday, October 16, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY Image: Content Wednesday, October 16, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY Image: Bandwidth As of March of 2012, 86% of the sites on mediaqueri.es demonstrated the same weight and load time at resolutions from 300ish to 1200ish. via @guypod http://www.guypo.com/mobile/performance-implications-of- responsive-design-book-contribution/ Wednesday, October 16, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY Image: Bandwidth Responsive & Responsible via @scotjehl https://speakerdeck.com/scottjehl/responsive-responsible http://www.lukew.com/ff/entry.asp?1565 Wednesday, October 16, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY Image: Pixel Density Most new mobile devices have high pixel density displays: Apple iPhone 4+: 326 PPI Amazon Kindle Fire HD 8.9: 254 PPI Nokia Lumia 920: 332 PPI BlackBerry Z10: 356 PPI Samsung Galaxy Note: 285 PPI Wednesday, October 16, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY The image problem(s) ‣ Content ‣ Bandwidth ‣ Pixel density Wednesday, October 16, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY The image solution(s) ‣ SVG ‣ Icon fonts ‣ Pixel-density media queries ‣ Compressive ‣ Picturefill ‣ User preference Wednesday, October 16, 13

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SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics) ‣ Allows the image to be resolution independent. ‣ Support isn’t very good for older browsers. ‣ We can use Modernizr to detect if the browser supports SVG and provide a .png fallback for those that do not. Wednesday, October 16, 13

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@dbushell wrote a great primer for SVG Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Icon Fonts ‣ Fonts by default are resolution independent, Icon fonts are no different. ‣ http://icomoon.io/app/ allows you to create your own icon fonts ‣ They do require a bit more markup, and JS for IE 7 and lower. Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Search Icon Font Markup /*.scss*/ [data-icon]:before { content: attr(data-icon); font-family: 'icon-font-family'; speak: none; } Wednesday, October 16, 13

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“Compressive” Images ‣ http://bit.ly/Sygdey ‣ Increase the image dimensions ‣ Add massive compression ‣ Scale the image in the browser Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Pixel Density MQs ‣ Detect the pixel ratio of the device and serve a second, higher-res image. ‣ Retina devices now have to make an additional request for the retina asset. Wednesday, October 16, 13

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/*.scss*/ @media only all and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5) { .logo { background-image: url(/i/logo-2x.png); background-size: 100%; } } Pixel Density MQs Also need other browser prefixes Wednesday, October 16, 13

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New Markup ‣ Picture - http://www.w3.org/TR/html-picture- element/ ‣ Srcset - http://www.w3.org/html/wg/drafts/ srcset/w3c-srcset/ ‣ SrcN - http://tabatkins.github.io/specs/ respimg/Overview.html Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Picture Polyfill Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Srcset Polyfill Wednesday, October 16, 13

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SrcN Proposed Spec Wednesday, October 16, 13

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User Preference ‣ Allow the user to choose what experience they would like to have on their device: “HD” or “SD”. Wednesday, October 16, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY What Needs to Flex ‣ Grids ‣ Layout ‣ Typography ‣ Images ‣ Tables ‣ Video Wednesday, October 16, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY Tables http://codepen.io/bencallahan/pen/xvmCe Wednesday, October 16, 13

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RWD Table Patterns [demo] Wednesday, October 16, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY What Needs to Flex ‣ Grids ‣ Layout ‣ Typography ‣ Images ‣ Tables ‣ Video Wednesday, October 16, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY Video Wednesday, October 16, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY Intrinsic Ratios http://codepen.io/bencallahan/pen/KICkl Wednesday, October 16, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY Video Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Creating flexibility requires experimentation Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Creating flexibility requires Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Discussion ‣ What content types have we not addressed? ‣ What specific challenges are you facing in creating flexibility? Wednesday, October 16, 13

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UNIQUE CONSIDERATIONS AND CHALLENGES NAVIGATION AND RWD Wednesday, October 16, 13

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NAVIGATION AND RWD Major Issues ‣ Site Depth and Breadth ‣ Screen Real Estate ‣ Cross-width Consistency ‣ Interaction Patterns Wednesday, October 16, 13

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NAVIGATION AND RWD Major Issues ‣ Site Depth and Breadth ‣ Screen Real Estate ‣ Cross-width Consistency ‣ Interaction Patterns Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Small sites often allow simpler solutions. Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Simple Nav Examples ‣ Simple Row ‣ Jump to Content ‣ Jump to Footer ‣ Top Stacked Off Canvas Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Simple Nav Examples ‣ Simple Row ‣ Jump to Content ‣ Jump to Footer ‣ Top Stacked Off Canvas http://seesparkbox.com Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Simple Nav Examples ‣ Simple Row ‣ Jump to Content ‣ Jump to Footer ‣ Top Stacked Off Canvas http://forgeideas.com Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Simple Nav Examples ‣ Simple Row ‣ Jump to Content ‣ Jump to Footer ‣ Top Stacked Off Canvas http://contentsmagazine.com Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Simple Nav Examples ‣ Simple Row ‣ Jump to Content ‣ Jump to Footer ‣ Top Stacked Off Canvas http://2012.dconstruct.org/ Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Most sites have to work a bit harder to accommodate their content. Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Complex Nav Causes ‣ Large volume of content - Legacy content - Dynamic content ‣ Broad architecture - Lots of content types/categories ‣ Deep architecture - Lots of children and nesting Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Before accommodating all the things, it’s not a cop- out to question the things. Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Attack the right nav. Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Complex Nav Causes ‣ Poor Information Architecture - Unnecessarily broad or deep due to inefficiency or poor planning ‣ Poor Content Strategy - Unnecessarily large due to a lack of governance, ownership, or intentionality POSSIBLE ROOT Wednesday, October 16, 13

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NAVIGATION AND RWD Major Issues ‣ Site Depth and Breadth ‣ Screen Real Estate ‣ Cross-width Consistency ‣ Interaction Patterns Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Small screens aren’t just horizontally small. Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Landscape iPhone: 320 px (~150px w/ keyboard:) Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Don’t make small screens smaller by eating up vertical space with nav. Wednesday, October 16, 13

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http://www.tuj.ac.jp/ Wednesday, October 16, 13

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http:// seesparkbox.com/ foundry Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Take ALL the navigation into account. Wednesday, October 16, 13

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http://skinnyties.com/ color/blue/ Wednesday, October 16, 13

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NAVIGATION AND RWD Major Issues ‣ Site Depth and Breadth ‣ Screen Real Estate ‣ Cross-width Consistency ‣ Interaction Patterns Wednesday, October 16, 13

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“Users don’t resize their browser. That’s a developer behavior.” Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Our users are viewing our sites at multiple resolutions. Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Familiarity breeds usability. Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Are our off-canvas and other RWD-inspired patterns doing more harm than good? Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Pros & Cons from http:// thenextweb.com/ Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Do we need to change the user’s pattern at all? Wednesday, October 16, 13

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http:// www.polygon.com/ Wednesday, October 16, 13

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NAVIGATION AND RWD Major Issues ‣ Site Depth and Breadth ‣ Screen Real Estate ‣ Cross-width Consistency ‣ Interaction Patterns Wednesday, October 16, 13

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There is no right answer. Wednesday, October 16, 13

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Patterns Galore ‣ Toggle ‣ Footer Anchor ‣ Select Menu ‣ Multi-Toggle ‣ Off Canvas ‣ Breadcrumbs ‣ More... http://bradfrost.github.com/this-is-responsive/patterns.html Wednesday, October 16, 13