Learning Computer Architecture Using php-terminal-gameboy-emulator

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Learning: Computer Architecture Using php-terminal-gameboy-emulator  PHPで学ぶコンピュータアーキテクチャ Digital Circus, Inc. HASEGAWA Tomoki

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㊗

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IUUQZBOEPEHJUIVCJPBSDIJWFQIQTUVEZ

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勉強会 • 楽しみましょう！ • 今年はPHPカンファレンスが、北海道、福岡、関西、東京都開催されます。 • 普段の勉強会とはまた違った楽しみが！ • 遠征ならではの楽しさも！長谷川全通予定。 • お友達がいるとより楽しいので是非PHP勉強会でお友達を作ってみてください。

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QIQTUVEZ IUUQTMFHBDZKPJOEJOUBMLWJFX

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HASEGAWA Tomoki @tomzoh Web / Mobile App Development, Watch soccer matches, Rental Kart Racing, Beer, IoT, … hasegawa  tomoki Digital Circus, Inc. Vice-master CTO Tokyo, Japan Interests

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Yesterday…

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Today’s theme Learning: Computer Architecture Using php-terminal-gameboy-emulator  PHPで学ぶコンピュータアーキテクチャ

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Today’s theme Learning: Computer Architecture Using php-terminal-gameboy-emulator  PHPで学ぶコンピュータアーキテクチャ

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#Z5SBOTGSPN+1&(WFSTJPOBOESFNPWFXIJUFCBDLHSPVOE0SJHJOBMCZ&WBO"NPT.FEJB(BNF#PZ'-KQH 1VCMJD%PNBJO IUUQTDPNNPOTXJLJNFEJBPSHXJOEFYQIQ DVSJE

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23, February

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Awesome!!

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Awesome!! Waste of talent!!

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Awesome!! Waste of talent!! Cool!!

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Source Files

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Source Files OMG. It’s PHP !

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Source Files OMG. It’s PHP ! We can read it.

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Source Files OMG. It’s PHP ! Yes, We can! We can read it.

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Source Files OMG. It’s PHP ! Yes, We can! Yes, We can! We can read it.

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Today’s theme Learning: Computer Architecture Using php-terminal-gameboy-emulator  PHPで学ぶコンピュータアーキテクチャ

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Components of GAMEBOY • CPU / Memory • Display • Sound • Buttons • Communication Port • ROM Cartridge #Z5SBOTGSPN+1&(WFSTJPOBOESFNPWFXIJUFCBDLHSPVOE0SJHJOBMCZ&WBO"NPT.FEJB(BNF#PZ'-KQH 1VCMJD%PNBJO IUUQTDPNNPOTXJLJNFEJBPSHXJOEFYQIQ DVSJE

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CPU IUUQTFOXJLJQFEJBPSHXJLJ(BNF@#PZ

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CPU IUUQTFOXJLJQFEJBPSHXJLJ(BNF@#PZ

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Common CPU architecture • Registers  レジスタ • Memory Access  メモリアクセス • Program Counter  プログラムカウンタ • Instruction Set  命令セット • I/O Access, Interrupt  I/Oアクセス, 割り込み

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Memory Access メモリアクセス • Memory stores data including program.  メモリには命令を含むデータが格納される。 • Each data is 8bit value and has address. The address is represented as hex value.   それぞれのデータは8bit=1byteの値で、16進数で表現されるアドレスを持つ。 IUUQXXXNKDOOFUKQQPUBGVMMNTYNPOIUNM

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Registers レジスタ • Variables in programing language.  プログラム言語で言うところの変数。 • Stores only integer value.  整数値のみ格納可能。 • LR35902 has 7 8bit registers and 2 16bit registers.  LR35902は7つの8bitレジスタと2つの16ビットレジスタを持っている。 • 8bit registers of LR35902 can be used as 16bit register.  LR35902の8bitレジスタは16ビットレジスタとしても使える。

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SHARP LR35902 registers http://www.pastraiser.com/cpu/gameboy/gameboy_opcodes.html ʜ ʜ " ' # $ ) - ʜ ʜ 41 4UBDL1PJOUFS 1$ 1SPHSBN$PVOUFS 8bit / 16bit registers 16bit registers Flag register ; / ) $ •Z - Zero Flag •N - Subtract Flag •H - Half Carry Flag •C - Carry Flag •0 - Not uses, always zero

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Program Counter プログラムカウンタ • A special register that contains the address of the instruction being executed now.  現在実行中の命令のアドレスを指す特殊なレジスタ。 • As each instruction gets fetched, the program counter incremented, and holds the memory address of the next instruction.  命令が読み込まれるとプログラムカウンタの値は加算され、次の命令のアドレスを指す。

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Instruction Set 命令セット • Only primitive instructions.  CPUは通常原始的な命令しか持たない。 • Instruction set: load a value into register, jump, conditional jump etc.  レジスタに値を入れる、ジャンプする、条件付きでジャンプする、などの命令の集合。 • No functions, No loops. Some CPU including LR35902 has no multiplication / division.  関数やループ命令は無い。LR35902を含むいくつかのCPUではかけ算や割り算命令も無い。

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SHARP LR35902 instruction set http://www.pastraiser.com/cpu/gameboy/gameboy_opcodes.html 1byte instructions Preﬁx CB instructions 243 instructions 256 instructions + = 499 instructions

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LR35902 instruction - LD LD BC, 0x1234 Load 0x1234 into BC register.  BCレジスタに0x1234を入れる。 LD (BC), A Load a value A register has into memory BC register points at.  BCレジスタの指し示すメモリアドレスにAレジスタの内容を入れる。

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LR35902 instruction - JP / JR JP 0x5678 Jump to address 0x5678.  0x5678番地にジャンプする。 JR C,0x20 Jump to calculated address with respect to itself if carry ﬂag is set.  前の命令でキャリーフラグがセットされていれば現在の番地 +0x20番地にジャンプする。

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Assembler / Machine Code 38 27 2A 28 B6 7C B7 20 11 CD E1 1C 30 1B JR C, 0x27 LD HL, (0xB628) LD A,H OR A JR NZ, 0x11 CALL 0x1CE1 JR NC, 0x1B 38 27 2A 28 B6 7C B7 20 11 CD E1 1C 30 1B

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Instruction in memory 0x0000 0x0001 0x0002 0x003 0x004 0x005 0x0301 0x01 0x01 0x03 0x3e 0x99 0x02 0x99 LD BC, d16 0x0301 LD A, d8 0x99 LD (BC), A Memory Instruction x0 x1 x2 xE 0x 3x 0x01 LD BC, d16 0x00 NOP 0x02 LD (BC), A Address 0x3e LD A, d8

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Instruction in memory 0x0000 0x0001 0x0002 0x003 0x004 0x005 0x0301 0x01 0x01 0x03 0x3e 0x99 0x02 0x99 LD BC, d16 0x0301 LD A, d8 0x99 LD (BC), A Memory Instruction Load 0x0301 into BC register x0 x1 x2 xE 0x 3x 0x01 LD BC, d16 0x00 NOP 0x02 LD (BC), A Address 0x3e LD A, d8 PC (Program Counter)

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Instruction in memory 0x0000 0x0001 0x0002 0x003 0x004 0x005 0x0301 0x01 0x01 0x03 0x3e 0x99 0x02 0x99 LD BC, d16 0x0301 LD A, d8 0x99 LD (BC), A Memory Instruction Load A register’s value into memory indicates with BC register x0 x1 x2 xE 0x 3x 0x01 LD BC, d16 0x00 NOP 0x02 LD (BC), A Address 0x3e LD A, d8 PC (Program Counter)

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Implementation with

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CPU - Opcode.php class Opcode { public $functionsArray = []; public function __construct() { //NOP //#0x00: $this->functionsArray[] = function ($parentObj) { }; //LD BC, nn //#0x01: $this->functionsArray[] = function ($parentObj) { }; //LD (BC), A //#0x02: $this->functionsArray[] = function ($parentObj) { };

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//LD BC, nn //#0x01: $this->functionsArray[] = function ($parentObj) { $parentObj->registerC = $parentObj->memoryReader[$parentObj->programCounter]($parentObj, $parentObj->programCounter); $parentObj->registerB = $parentObj->memoryRead(($parentObj->programCounter + 1) & 0xFFFF); $parentObj->programCounter = ($parentObj->programCounter + 2) & 0xFFFF; }; Implementation of LD BC, d16 0x0000 0x0001 0x0002 0x003 0x004 0x01 0x01 0x03 0x3e 0x99 LD BC, d16 0x0301 LD A, d8 0x99 Data Instruction Address PC (Program Counter)

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Implementation of JP a16 0x0000 0x0001 0x0002 0xc3 0x29 0x03 JP a16 0x0329 Data Instruction Address PC (Program Counter)

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Implementation of JP a16 0x0000 0x0001 0x0002 0xc3 0x29 0x03 JP a16 0x0329 Data Instruction Address Jump to address 0x0329 PC (Program Counter)

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Implementation of JP a16 //JP nn //#0xC3: $this->functionsArray[] = function ($parentObj) { $parentObj->programCounter = ($parentObj->memoryRead(($parentObj->programCounter + 1) & 0xFFFF) << 8) + $parentObj->memoryReader[$parentObj->programCounter]($parentObj, $parentObj->programCounter); }; 0x0000 0x0001 0x0002 0xc3 0x29 0x03 JP a16 0x0329 Data Instruction Address Jump to address 0x0329 PC (Program Counter)

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Not diﬃcult

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Simple, Easy

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Let’s read php-terminal-gameboy-emulator

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Learning: Computer Architecture Using php-terminal-gameboy-emulator  PHPで学ぶコンピュータアーキテクチャ

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Thanks @tomzoh WE ARE HIRING Drupal / Mobile App Engineer  Digital Circus, Inc. Tokyo, Japan @tomzoh

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Thanks @tomzoh WE ARE HIRING Drupal / Mobile App Engineer  Digital Circus, Inc. Tokyo, Japan

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5月チケット販売開始 /トーク募集開始  6月上旬トーク募集〆切  6月下旬タイムテーブル決定 iOS Developers Conference Japan 2016 2016.08.20 https://iosdc.jp スポンサー企業さま、大絶賛募集中

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2次会・勉強会終了後この近くのお店で23:30ぐらいまで。・この後発表する方で2次会行く方もいるはず。・話し足りないと思ったら是非。・後で再度アナウンスします。

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Run loop public function executeIteration() { $op = 0; while ($this->stopEmulator == 0) { $op = $this->memoryRead($this->programCounter); $this->programCounter = ($this->programCounter + 1) & 0xFFFF; $this->CPUTicks = $this->TICKTable[$op]; $this->OPCODE[$op]($this); $this->updateCore(); } }

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Links • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_Boy • http://www.pastraiser.com/cpu/gameboy/ gameboy_opcodes.html • http://gbdev.gg8.se/wiki/articles/ The_Cartridge_Header • http://gameboy.mongenel.com/dmg/asmmemmap.html

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More FPS? PHP5.5.30 OSX Native FPS: 4 PHP7.0.1 VirtualBox FPS: 14

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SHARP LR35902 registers http://www.pastraiser.com/cpu/gameboy/gameboy_opcodes.html ʜ ʜ " ' # $ ) - ʜ ʜ 41 4UBDL1PJOUFS 1$ 1SPHSBN$PVOUFS 8bit / 16bit registers 16bit registers Flag registor ; / ) $ •Z - Zero Flag •N - Subtract Flag •H - Half Carry Flag •C - Carry Flag •0 - Not uses, always zero “stack overﬂow”