Build your own webserver with PHP

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Build your own web server with

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@igorwesome

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Event-driven, non-blocking I/O with PHP.

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When you open your web browser… ! What actually happens?

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http://igor.io/

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DNS Where is igor.io?

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DNS 176.58.127.253

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176.58.127.253

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2^16! 65535! TCP ports

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TCP port 80

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SYN

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SYN/ACK

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ACK

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GET / HTTP/1.1! Host: igor.io

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HTTP/1.1 200 OK! Content-Type: text/html! ! …

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HTTP TCP IP

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Layers +---+--------------+----------------+ | 7 | Application | HTTP, FTP, DNS | | 6 | Presentation | TLS | | 5 | Session | TCP | | 4 | Transport | TCP, UDP | | 3 | Network | IP | | 2 | Data Link | ARP, PPP | | 1 | Physical | | +---+--------------+----------------+

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http://igor.io/

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http://igor.io:80/

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http://igor.io:80/ } DNS (layer 7)! resolves to! IP (layer 3)

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http://igor.io:80/ } TCP (layer 4)

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http://igor.io:80/ } TLS (layer 6)! HTTP (layer 7) } HTTP (layer 7)

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The Socket API

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________ < socket > -------- \ ^__^ \ (oo)\_______ (__)\ )\/\ ||----w | || ||

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#include #include #include socket() -------- bind() listen() accept() -------- connect()

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Syscalls Process socket! bind! listen! accept! connect! ! read! write! close! !

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Stream Sockets

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I will show you Les Codes 00

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HTTP: The Protocol

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Request GET / HTTP/1.1 <--- request line Host: igor.io <--- header <--- line feed <--- body (blank)

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Response HTTP/1.1 200 OK <--- status line Content-Length: 2 <--- headers <--- line feed Hi <--- body

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Verbs •GET •POST

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Verbs •GET •POST •PUT •DELETE

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Verbs •GET •POST •PUT •DELETE ! •HEAD •OPTIONS •TRACE •CONNECT

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• 1xx - Special protocol stuff • 2xx - All good • 3xx - Redirection • 4xx - You messed up • 5xx - I messed up Status codes

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Keep-Alive

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Streaming • Transfer-Encoding: chunked • dechex(strlen($chunk)) \r\n $chunk \r\n • 0 \r\n \r\n

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General weirdness • Trailers • Repeated headers • 100 Continue

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ABNF is very permissive

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HTTP/1.1 RFC 2616 read it.

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Parsing

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Request GET / HTTP/1.1 <--- request line Host: igor.io <--- header <--- line feed <--- body (blank)

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More codes 01, 02

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Problem? • Incomplete HTTP parser • Missing error handling • Assumption: request can be read in one go • Assumption: request no larger than 512 bytes • Assumption: request/response body ﬁts in memory • Blocking I/O

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Non-blocking I/O

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Even more codes 03-08

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Unreadable

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LOL error handling

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Writing your own HTTP server is hard

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Don’t do it.

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No content

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Questions? joind.in/9277 ! reactphp.org ! @igorwesome ! ! github.com/igorw/webserver-zceu

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Bonus • Memory leaks • Too fast reads / too slow writes • libevent / libev / libuv • Promises • Generators • pthreads • WebSockets

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Logo credits • Netscape • Apache • FreeBSD • Erlang