Swiftコンパイラ超入門+async関数の仕組み

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2025/01/17 Θ͍Θ͍swiftc shiz SwiftίϯύΠϥ௒ೖ໳ asyncؔ਺ͷ࢓૊Έ +

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ࣗݾ঺հ •shiz(ͣ͠) X: @stzn3 GitHub: @stzn •෱Ԭࡏॅ iOSΤϯδχΞ ຊͷࣥච 4XJGUݴޠΨΠυͷ຋༁

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৽ץग़͠·͢ •λΠτϧ: ετϦʔτίʔμʔ •2025೥2݄຤ൃച༧ఆ •ݱ৔(ετϦʔτ)Ͱੜ͖ൈͨ͘Ίͷ஌ࣝ΍ٕज़ ͕٧·͍ͬͯΔ https://amzn.asia/d/dfD9BxU

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ຊ೔ͷ಺༰ •SwiftίϯύΠϥ௒ೖ໳ •Swift asyncؔ਺ͷ2ͭͷಛ௃(֓ཁ) •Swift asyncؔ਺ͷ2ͭͷಛ௃(ৄࡉ)

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࢖༻ͨ͠swiftlang/swiftͷtag •swift-DEVELOPMENT-SNAPSHOT-2024-12-22-a •Swift6.2

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ຊ೔ͷ಺༰ •SwiftίϯύΠϥ௒ೖ໳ •Swift asyncؔ਺ͷ2ͭͷಛ௃(֓ཁ) •Swift asyncؔ਺ͷ2ͭͷಛ௃(ৄࡉ)

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ίϯύΠϥͱ͸ʁ

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ίϯύΠϥ •ϓϩάϥϛϯάݴޠͰॻ͔ΕͨίʔυΛɺʮί ϯϐϡʔλ͕࣮ࡍʹ࣮ߦͰ͖Δܗʯʹม׵͢Δ ϓϩάϥϜ

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ίϯύΠϥ͕ߦ͏ओͳॲཧ •ࣈ۟ղੳ: ιʔείʔυΛτʔΫϯʹ෼ղ͠ɺߏจతʹղੳ͠΍͘͢͢Δ •ߏจղੳ: τʔΫϯΛجʹߏจنଇΛνΣοΫ͠ɺߏ଄ΛղੳɻASTΛੜ੒ •ҙຯղੳ: ม਺ͷܕ΍είʔϓΛ֬ೝ͠ɺҙຯతʹਖ਼͍͔͠νΣοΫ •IRੜ੒: ίϯύΠϥ͕࠷దԽ͠΍͘͢ΔͨΊͷίʔυΛੜ੒ •࠷దԽ: ੑೳΛ޲্ͤ͞ΔͨΊʹɺIRΛΑΓૣ͘(খ͘͞)ม׵͢Δ •ίʔυੜ੒: ػցޠΛੜ੒͠ɺCPU͕࣮ߦՄೳͳܗࣜʹม׵ 💡 ίϯύΠϥʹΑͬͯ͸ߦ͏͜ͱ͸มΘΔ

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ίϯύΠϥ͕ߦ͏ओͳॲཧ • ࣈ۟ղੳ: ιʔείʔυΛτʔΫϯʹ෼ղ͠ɺߏจతʹղੳ͠΍͘͢͢Δ • ߏจղੳ: τʔΫϯΛجʹߏจنଇΛνΣοΫ͠ɺߏ଄ΛղੳɻASTΛੜ ੒ • ҙຯղੳ: ม਺ͷܕ΍είʔϓΛ֬ೝ͠ɺҙຯతʹਖ਼͍͔͠νΣοΫ •IRੜ੒: ίϯύΠϥ͕࠷దԽ͠΍͘͢ΔͨΊͷίʔυΛੜ੒ • ࠷దԽ: ੑೳΛ޲্ͤ͞ΔͨΊʹɺIRΛΑΓૣ͘(খ͘͞)ม׵͢Δ • ίʔυੜ੒: ػցޠΛੜ੒͠ɺCPU͕࣮ߦՄೳͳܗࣜʹม׵ 💡 ίϯύΠϥʹΑͬͯ͸ߦ͏͜ͱ͸มΘΔ

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ίϯύΠϥ͕ߦ͏ओͳॲཧ •ࣈ۟ղੳ: ιʔείʔυΛτʔΫϯʹ෼ղ͠ɺίʔυΛߏจతʹղੳ͠΍͘͢ •ߏจղੳ: τʔΫϯΛجʹߏจنଇΛνΣοΫ͠ɺϓϩάϥϜͷߏ଄ΛղੳɻASTΛੜ੒ •ҙຯղੳ: ม਺ͷܕ΍είʔϓΛ֬ೝ͠ɺϓϩάϥϜ͕ҙຯతʹਖ਼͍͔͠νΣοΫ •IRੜ੒: ίϯύΠϥ͕࠷దԽ͠΍͘͢ΔͨΊͷίʔυΛੜ੒ •࠷దԽ: ੑೳΛ޲্ͤ͞ΔͨΊʹɺෆཁͳܭࢉͷ࡟আ΍ޮ཰ͷྑ͍ΞϧΰϦζϜ΁ม׵ •ίʔυੜ੒: ػցޠΛੜ੒͠ɺCPU͕࣮ߦՄೳͳܗࣜʹม׵ •ίʔυϦϯΫ: ιʔεϑΝΠϧ΍ϥΠϒϥϦΛ݁߹͠ɺ࠷ऴతͳ࣮ߦՄೳϑΝΠϧΛੜ੒ 💡 શͯΛඞͣߦ͏ͱ͍͏Θ͚Ͱ͸ͳ͍

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IRͱ͸ʁ •Intermediate Representation /தؒදݱ •ϓϩάϥϛϯάݴޠͷίʔυΛػցޠʹม׵͢ ΔաఔͰੜ੒͢Δதؒతͳίʔυ

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IRͱ͸ʁ • Intermediate Representation /தؒදݱ • ϓϩάϥϛϯάݴޠͷίʔυΛػցޠʹม׵͢ΔաఔͰੜ੒͢Δ தؒతͳίʔυ •ͳͥඞཁʁ • ߏ଄͕γϯϓϧͰίʔυΛ࠷దԽ͠΍͍͢ • ৭ʑͳλʔήοτͷίʔυΛੜ੒(e.g. Apple SiliconͷMacOS༻) • ίϯύΠϥϓϩηεͷ෼཭ʹΑΔ࠶ར༻ੑͱ։ൃޮ཰޲্

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Swi f ίϯύΠϥ͸ʁ

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SwiftίϯύΠϥͷओͳॲཧ 1. Parse(ࣈ۟ɾߏจղੳ) 2. Sema(ҙຯղੳ) 3. SILGen(IRੜ੒) 4.SILOptimizer(࠷దԽ) 5. IRGen(IRੜ੒) 6.LLVM(࠷దԽɺίʔυੜ੒) https://qiita.com/rintaro/items/3ad640e3938207218c20 ❶ ❷ ❸ ❹ ❺ ❻

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SwiftίϯύΠϥʹ͍ͭͯ஌Γ͚ͨΕ͹ https://qiita.com/rintaro/items/3ad640e3938207218c20

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͍͔ͭ͘ิ଍

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SwiftίϯύΠϥͷओͳύΠϓϥΠϯ 1. Parse(ࣈ۟ɾߏจղੳ) 2. Sema(ҙຯղੳ) 3.SILGen(IRੜ੒) 4.SILOptimizer(࠷దԽ) 5.IRGen(IRੜ੒) 6.LLVM(࠷దԽɺίʔυੜ੒) https://qiita.com/rintaro/items/3ad640e3938207218c20 💡࣮ࡍ͸ASTͳͲ΋ͬͱଟ͘ͷIRΛੜ੒͍ͯ͠Δ

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SILGen •SILΛੜ੒͢Δ •SIL: Swift Intermediate Language •Swiftͷݴޠߏ଄Λ൓өͨ͠IR •ܕνΣοΫ΍Swiftಛ༗ͷ࠷దԽΛߦ͏ ϓν৘ใ: ࠷ۙSILʹ͍ͭͯͷυΩϡϝϯτ͕੔ཧ͞Εͨ

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IRGen •LLVM IRΛੜ੒͢Δ •࠷ऴతͳػցޠΛੜ੒͢ΔաఔͰ࠷దԽ͠΍ ͘͢͢ΔͨΊʹੜ੒͞ΕΔLLVM༻ͷIR

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LLVMʁ

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SwiftίϯύΠϥͷओͳύΠϓϥΠϯ 1. Parse(ࣈ۟ɾߏจղੳ) 2. Sema(ҙຯղੳ) 3. SILGen(IRੜ੒) 4.SILOptimizer(࠷దԽ) 5. IRGen(IRੜ੒) 6.LLVM(࠷దԽɺίʔυੜ੒) https://qiita.com/rintaro/items/3ad640e3938207218c20

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LLVM •SwiftͰ͸ͳ͍ •ίϯύΠϥͷόοΫΤϯυͱݺ͹ΕΔ෦෼ •LLVM IR͔Β͞·͟·ͳλʔήοτͷػցޠΛੜ੒ •λʔήοτʹԠͨ͡࠷దԽΛͯ͘͠ΕΔ •൚༻తʹ࢖ΘΕ͍ͯΔ(C++ɺRustɺ ActionScript…)

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LLVMʹ͍ͭͯ஌Γ͚ͨΕ͹ 💡ͪΐͬͱݹ͍৘ใ΋͋Δ

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LLVM IR •࠷ऴతͳػցޠΛੜ੒͢ΔաఔͰ࠷దԽ͠΍͢ ͘͢ΔͨΊʹੜ੒͞ΕΔLLVM༻ͷIR

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SILͱLLVM IR Swift SIL LLVM IR

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SILͱLLVM IR Swift SIL LLVM IR string integer Array i64 i32 ptr

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ຊ೔ͷ಺༰ •SwiftίϯύΠϥ௒ೖ໳ •Swift asyncؔ਺ͷ2ͭͷಛ௃(֓ཁ) •Swift asyncؔ਺ͷ2ͭͷಛ௃(ৄࡉ)

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ຊ೔ͷ಺༰ •SwiftίϯύΠϥ௒ೖ໳ •Swift asyncؔ਺ͷ2ͭͷಛ௃(֓ཁ) •Swift asyncؔ਺ͷ2ͭͷಛ௃(ৄࡉ)

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SwiftͷύϑΥʔϚϯεৄࡉ Swift asyncؔ਺ͷ2ͭͷಛ௃

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ಛผͳελοΫʹϩʔΧϧঢ়ଶΛอ࣋ தஅϙΠϯτ(await)Ͱෳ਺ͷؔ਺ʹ෼ׂ Swift asyncؔ਺ͷ2ͭͷಛ௃ SwiftͷύϑΥʔϚϯεৄࡉ

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Swift asyncؔ਺ͷ2ͭͷಛ௃ •ಛผͳελοΫʹϩʔΧϧঢ়ଶΛอ࣋ •தஅϙΠϯτ(await)Ͱෳ਺ͷؔ਺ʹ෼ׂ

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Swift asyncؔ਺ͷ2ͭͷಛ௃ •ಛผͳελοΫʹϩʔΧϧঢ়ଶΛอ࣋ •தஅϙΠϯτ(await)Ͱෳ਺ͷؔ਺ʹ෼ׂ

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ελοΫϝϞϦ ಉظ(sync)ؔ਺ͷ࢓૊Έ ελοΫϝϞϦ্ͷ ίʔϧελοΫ(※) ίʔϧελοΫ func1 func2 func3 εϨου ※ ؔ਺ͷݺͼग़͠΍໭ΓΛ ؅ཧ͢ΔελοΫ(σʔλߏ଄)

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ิ଍: ελοΫ(σʔλߏ଄) ελοΫ ཁૉ LIFO(Last-In, First-OutʗޙೖΕઌग़͠)ͷಛੑΛ࣋ͭσʔλߏ଄ ཁૉ ελοΫ ཁૉ ཁૉ ޙೖΕ(Last-In) ઌग़͠(First-Out)

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ิ଍: ελοΫ(σʔλߏ଄) ελοΫ ཁૉ LIFO(Last-In, First-OutʗޙೖΕઌग़͠)ͷಛੑΛ࣋ͭσʔλߏ଄ ཁૉ ελοΫ ཁૉ ཁૉ ޙೖΕ(Last-In) ઌग़͠(First-Out) ⚠ώʔϓϝϞϦͰ΋ελοΫ(σʔλߏ଄)͸࢖༻Մೳ

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ίʔϧελοΫ func1 func2 func3 εϨου ελοΫϑϨʔϜ Ҿ਺ ϩʔΧϧม਺ ؔ਺ͷ໭ΓΞυϨε ݺͼग़͠ݩ΁ͷࢀর

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εϨου ಉظ(sync)ؔ਺ syncݺͼग़͠ syncऴྃ ίʔϧελοΫ func1 func2 sync ίʔϧελοΫ func1 func2 εϨου sync ऴΘͬͨΒ ফ͑Δ

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asyncؔ਺Ͱߟ͑ͯΈΔ

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ݺͼग़࣌͠͸ಉ͡ asyncݺͼग़͠ ίʔϧελοΫ func1 func2 εϨου async

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ίʔϧελοΫ func1 func2 εϨου async தஅ࣌ʹऔΓग़͢ඞཁ͕͋Δ asyncݺͼग़͠ await ίʔϧελοΫ func1 func2 εϨου async async ফ͑Δ… ଴͍ͬͯΔؒʹ ଞͷॲཧΛ͍ͤͨ͞

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ίʔϧελοΫ func1 func2 εϨου async ࠶։࣌ʹ·ͨඞཁ asyncݺͼग़͠ ίʔϧελοΫ func1 func2 εϨου async ίʔϧελοΫ func1 func2 func3 εϨου ࠶։࣌ async Ͳ͏͠Α͏… await ⚠ಉ͡εϨουͱ ͸ݶΒͳ͍

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ͦ͜Ͱ

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ಛผͳελοΫʹ ϩʔΧϧঢ়ଶΛอ࣋ 💡͜͜Ͱݴ͏ελοΫ͸σʔλߏ଄ͷ࿩

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async ώʔϓϝϞϦ ελοΫϝϞϦ Ұ෦ΛผͷελοΫʹୀආ εϨου func1 func2 async ίʔϧελοΫ ελοΫ ώʔϓϝϞϦ্ͷ ελοΫ

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࠶։ޙʹඞཁͳ৘ใͷΈ async ελοΫ ίʔϧελοΫ async a b

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async ελοΫ ίʔϧελοΫ async asyncϑϨʔϜ தஅ(await)લ·Ͱ͔͠ ࢖Θͳ͍৘ใ ࠶։ޙʹ΋ඞཁͳ৘ใ

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ελοΫϝϞϦ ࠶։࣌ʹίʔϧελοΫʹ໭͢ ελοΫ εϨου ⚠ผεϨου ͷՄೳੑ͋Γ ώʔϓϝϞϦ func4 func5 async ίʔϧελοΫ

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Task Task͕ඇಉظॲཧΛ؅ཧ

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Task TaskAllocatorͰϝϞϦ؅ཧ TaskAllocator

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ώʔϓϝϞϦ ৘ใΛ֨ೲ͢ΔϝϞϦΛ֬อ Task TaskAllocator ϝϞϦྖҬ 💡Taskͷ࡞੒࣌ʹߦ͍ͬͯΔ Task TaskAllocator ϝϞϦྖҬ

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ώʔϓϝϞϦ Task TaskAllocator ϝϞϦྖҬ Task TaskAllocator ϝϞϦྖҬ async ඞཁʹԠͯ͡ϝϞϦׂΓ౰ͯ

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ώʔϓϝϞϦ Task TaskAllocator ϝϞϦྖҬ async ϝϞϦྖҬ ଍Γͳ͚Ε͹௥Ճ

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ώʔϓϝϞϦ Task TaskAllocator ϝϞϦྖҬ async ϝϞϦྖҬ ଍Γͳ͚Ε͹௥Ճ Stack discipline + Bump pointer allocation Slab ࿈ଓͨ͠ϝϞϦྖҬ ޮ཰తʹϝϞϦΛׂΓ౰ͯΔͨΊͷ࢓૊Έ StackAllocatorͷ࣮૷(TaskAllocator͸typealiasΈ͍ͨͳ΋ͷ)

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ώʔϓϝϞϦ Task ޮ཰Խͷ޻෉ TaskAllocator ϝϞϦྖҬ async StackAllocatorͷ࣮૷(TaskAllocator͸typealiasΈ͍ͨͳ΋ͷ) Slab ࿈ଓͨ͠ϝϞϦྖҬ Stack discipline + Bump pointer allocation ޮ཰తʹϝϞϦΛׂΓ౰ͯΔͨΊͷ࢓૊Έ

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Swift asyncؔ਺ͷ2ͭͷಛ௃ •ಛผͳελοΫʹϩʔΧϧঢ়ଶΛอ࣋ •தஅϙΠϯτ(await)Ͱෳ਺ͷؔ਺ʹ෼ׂ

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Swift asyncؔ਺ͷ2ͭͷಛ௃ •ಛผͳελοΫʹϩʔΧϧঢ়ଶΛอ࣋ •தஅϙΠϯτ(await)Ͱෳ਺ͷؔ਺ʹ෼ׂ

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ؔ਺Λ෼ׂʁʁʁ Ͳ͏͍͏͜ͱʁ

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awaitͰؔ਺Λ෼ׂͤ͞Δ 💡ͦΕͧΕΛ෦෼ؔ਺ͱݺͿ hoge1 hoge2

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ิ଍: rampؔ਺&resumeؔ਺ •rampؔ਺: ࠷ॳͷawait·Ͱ࣮ߦ •resumeؔ਺: awaitҎ߱ͷॲཧΛ࣮ߦ

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hoge1 hoge2 resumeؔ਺͸await͝ͱʹ࡞੒ hoge3

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hoge1 ࠶։࣌ʹawaitҎ߱ͷॲཧΛݺͼग़͢ await hoge2 https://github.com/swiftlang/swift/blob/main/docs/SIL/Types.md#async-functions asyncϑϨʔϜ ࠶։ޙͷॲཧ

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hoge1 ࠶։࣌ʹawaitҎ߱ͷॲཧΛݺͼग़͢ await hoge2 https://github.com/swiftlang/swift/blob/main/docs/SIL/Types.md#async-functions asyncϑϨʔϜ ࠶։ޙͷॲཧ 💡͜ͷதஅͯ͠࠶։͢Δ࢓૊ΈΛ ContinuationͱݺͿ 💡ίʔϧελοΫ্Ͱ Ͳ͔͜Β࣮ߦ͢Ε͹Α͍͔ͷ৘ใ

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͞Βʹ2ͭͷಛ௃ •຤ඌ࠶ؼ(tail call) •AsyncContext

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͞Βʹ2ͭͷಛ௃ •຤ඌ࠶ؼ(tail call) •AsyncContext

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hoge1 await await hoge2 asyncϑϨʔϜ ࠶։ޙͷॲཧ ؔ਺ϙΠϯλ ௚઀ΞυϨεΛ౉͢

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hoge1 ॲཧ͕ऴΘͬͨΒݺͼग़͢ await await hoge2 asyncϑϨʔϜ ࠶։ޙͷॲཧ 💡຤ඌ࠶ؼ(tail call)ͱ͍͏ख๏Λ࢖͍ͬͯΔ ؔ਺ϙΠϯλ ݺͼग़͠

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hoge1 ຤ඌ࠶ؼ(tail call) await await hoge2 asyncϑϨʔϜ ࠶։ޙͷॲཧ 💡ελοΫΛ࢖Θͳͯ͘ࡁΉ(ϝϞϦ࠷దԽ) ؔ਺ϙΠϯλ ݺͼग़͠

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͞Βʹ2ͭͷಛ௃ •຤ඌ࠶ؼ(tail call) •AsyncContext

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Task Taskશମͷ৘ใ asyncϑϨʔϜ asyncϑϨʔϜ asyncϑϨʔϜ 1ͭͷඇಉظؔ਺ͷ৘ใ AsyncContext

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hoge1 await hoge2 asyncϑϨʔϜ ࠶։ޙͷॲཧ AsyncContext ϙΠϯλ AsyncContextͷϙΠϯλΛ࣋ͪճΔ ϙΠϯλܦ༝Ͱ ඞཁͳ৘ใΛऔಘ AsyncContext ϙΠϯλ AsyncContext ϙΠϯλ

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ؔ਺෼ׂ͸ Ͳ͜ͰߦͬͯΔͷ͔ʁ

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ؔ਺෼ׂ͸LLVM͕ߦ͍ͬͯΔ 1. Parse(ࣈ۟ɾߏจղੳ) 2. Sema(ҙຯղੳ) 3. SILGen(IRੜ੒) 4. SILOptimizer(࠷దԽ) 5. IRGen(IRੜ੒) 6.LLVM(࠷దԽɺίʔυੜ੒) https://qiita.com/rintaro/items/3ad640e3938207218c20 ͜͜

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Async lowering https://llvm.org/docs/Coroutines.html#async-lowering

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ݩʑSwi f ͷͨΊʹ ௥Ճ࣮ͨ͠૷

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Swi f ༻ͷ࣮૷͸ͳͥඞཁͩͬͨʁ •ΦʔόʔϔουΛ࠷খݶʹ཈͑ΔͨΊ • ෆཁͳॲཧͷলུ എܠ: ݩʑ͸C++ʹద࣮ͨ͠૷ & SwiftͰͷ࢖ΘΕํ͕ҟͳΔ(ྫ: forϧʔϓ) • Swiftଆʹ͓͚Δߴ౓ͳ࠷దԽΛॏࢹ • Swiftಠࣗͷݺͼग़͠ن໿ʹରԠ • কདྷతͳݴޠػೳͷ֦ுʹରԠ • ݺͼग़͠ଆʹΑΔॊೈͳϝϞϦ؅ཧ(Task͕࢘ྩౝ)

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Coroutine Representations and ABIs in LLVM

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⚠ Returned-Continuation Lowering → Async Lowering LLVMͷϓϩϙʔβϧ

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ຊ೔ͷ಺༰ •SwiftίϯύΠϥ௒ೖ໳ •Swift asyncؔ਺ͷ2ͭͷಛ௃(֓ཁ) •Swift asyncؔ਺ͷ2ͭͷಛ௃(ৄࡉ)

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ຊ೔ͷ಺༰ •SwiftίϯύΠϥ௒ೖ໳ •Swift asyncؔ਺ͷ2ͭͷಛ௃(֓ཁ) •Swift asyncؔ਺ͷ2ͭͷಛ௃(ৄࡉ)

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͍͍ͩͨLLVMͷ࿩

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LLVM IR௒ೖ໳

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Module LLVM IRͷߏ଄ Function BasicBlock(BB) Instruction ϓϩάϥϜશମΛ؅ཧ͢Δίϯςφ 1ͭͷϓϩάϥϜɻ͍ΘΏΔؔ਺ ॱ൪ʹ࣮ߦ͢Δ໋ྩͷϦετ Ϛγϯ΁ͷ࣮ࡍͷ໋ྩ

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Function Function Module ͜ΜͳΠϝʔδ if … else BasicBlock Instruction Instruction … BasicBlock Instruction Instruction … if … else BasicBlock Instruction Instruction … BasicBlock Instruction Instruction …

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Swift asyncؔ਺ͷ2ͭͷಛ௃ •ಛผͳελοΫʹϩʔΧϧঢ়ଶΛอ࣋ •தஅϙΠϯτ(await)Ͱෳ਺ͷؔ਺ʹ෼ׂ

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࠶։ޙʹඞཁͳ৘ใͷΈอ࣋ ώʔϓϝϞϦ ελοΫ async value

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Ͳ͏΍ͬͯඞཁ͔Ͳ͏͔Λ ൑அ͍ͯ͠Δʁ

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•͢΂ͯͷ஋ʢม਺ɺఆ਺ɺؔ਺ɺ໋ྩͳͲʣͷ ڞ௨ͷ਌Ϋϥε •͜ͷ஋Λ࢖༻͍ͯ͠ΔଞͷValueͷϦετ (UseList)Λอ࣋ = def-use chain Value Ϋϥε https://llvm.org/doxygen/classllvm_1_1Value.html LLVM

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•2ͭͷ BasicBlock A ͱ B ͕༩͑ΒΕͨ৔߹ʹɺA ͔Β B ΁ͷύε͕தஅϙΠϯτ(await)Λ௨ա͢ Δ͔Ͳ͏͔ΛνΣοΫ(தஅInstructionؚ͕·Ε͍ͯΔ͔Ͳ͏ ͔) SuspendCrossingInfoΫϥε https://github.com/swiftlang/llvm-project/blob/next/llvm/include/llvm/Transforms/Coroutines/SuspendCrossingInfo.h LLVM

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BasicBlock Value ԿΛ͍ͯ͠Δʁ UseList BasicBlock Value BasicBlock Value BasicBlock Value … LLVM SuspendCrossingInfo ؔ਺෼ׂޙʹ ͕BasicBlockΛൺֱ ௒͍͑ͯΔʁ

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͜ΕͰෆཁͳϝϞϦΛ ࢖Θͳͯ͘ࡁΉ

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…͸͚ͣͩͲ

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όά͕͋ΔΒ͍͠ https://github.com/swiftlang/swift/issues/72289

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ṖͷasyncϑϨʔϜ… Կ΋தஅϙΠϯτΛ௒͑ͳ͍ asyncϑϨʔϜ͕࡞ΒΕ͍ͯΔ ͷʹ https://github.com/swiftlang/swift/issues/72289

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ݪҼߟ࡯ 💡Spillsʹ஋ؚ͕·Ε͍ͯΔͱ ϝϞϦΛ֬อ͠ͳΕ͹ͳΒͳ͍ swift_task_alloc(※)͕ݺ͹Ε͍ͯΔ͜ͱ͕ݪҼʁ ※ AsyncContextʹಈతͳαΠζ͕ඞཁͳ৔߹ʹݺ͹ΕΔ https://github.com/swiftlang/swift/issues/72289

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ݪҼߟ࡯ asyncؔ਺͸શ෦͜ΕΛ ݺͿΑ͏ʹͳ͍ͬͯΔ = AsyncContextͷsize͕ staticʹܾ·Βͳ͍ https://github.com/swiftlang/swift/blob/main/lib/IRGen/GenCall.cpp#L166 https://github.com/swiftlang/swift/issues/72289

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•͜ͷೝࣝͰ߹͍ͬͯΔͷ͔ʁ •Ͳ͏ղܾ͢Δ͔ʁ •தஅϙΠϯτΛ௒͑ͳ͍৔߹͸staticͳ AsyncContextSizeΛ౉͢ʁ(Ͳ͏൑ఆ͢Δʁ) •LLVMଆͰswift_task_allocΛফ͢ʁ Μʙ… https://github.com/swiftlang/swift/issues/72289

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ͦΕ͸͓͖ͯ͞

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Swift asyncؔ਺ͷ2ͭͷಛ௃ •ಛผͳελοΫʹϩʔΧϧঢ়ଶΛอ࣋ •தஅϙΠϯτ(await)Ͱෳ਺ͷؔ਺ʹ෼ׂ

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LLVMʹ͓͚Δίʔυͷ࠷దԽ ม׵લ LLVM IR ม׵ޙ LLVM IR

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ෳ਺ͷPassʹΑΔ࠷దԽ ม׵લ LLVM IR Pass Pass ม׵ޙ LLVM IR … ղੳ/ ࠷దԽ

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ؔ਺෼ׂ΋ͦͷ1ͭ ม׵લ LLVM IR Pass Pass ม׵ޙ LLVM IR … ؔ ਺ ෼ ׂ

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Coroutine Transformation Passes •CoroEarly •CoroSplit •CoroAnnotationElide •CoroElide •CoroCleanup https://llvm.org/docs/Coroutines.html#coroutine-transformation-passes LLVM 💡LLVMͰඇಉظॲཧ(ͳͲ)Λ ѻ͏࢓૊ΈΛCoroutineͱݺͿ

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ؔ਺෼ׂ͸CoroSplitͰߦ͏ •CoroEarly •CoroSplit •CoroAnnotationElide •CoroElide •CoroCleanup https://llvm.org/docs/Coroutines.html#coroutine-transformation-passes LLVM

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BasicBlockΛ෼ׂ Function BasicBlock … தஅInstruction … BasicBlock … BasicBlock தஅInstruction … ✂ https://github.com/swiftlang/llvm-project/blob/next/llvm/lib/Transforms/Coroutines/CoroSplit.cpp

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ຊ೔ͷ಺༰ •SwiftίϯύΠϥ௒ೖ໳ •Swift asyncؔ਺ͷ2ͭͷಛ௃(֓ཁ) •Swift asyncؔ਺ͷ2ͭͷಛ௃(ৄࡉ)

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৭ʑ࿩͠·͕ͨ͠

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ࣗ෼Ͱ৮ͬͯΈΔͷ͕Ұ൪ʂ

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https://zenn.dev/omochimetaru/articles/8a7f35c5e23a24

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σόοάํ๏ https://github.com/swiftlang/swift/blob/main/docs/DebuggingTheCompiler.md

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•C++Θ͔Βͳͯ͘΋࠷ॳ͸େৎ෉ •σόοάͯ͠ॲཧͷྲྀΕΛ͔ͭΉ(ೖΓޱΛݟ͚ͭΔ) •සग़ϫʔυͱུޠʹ׳ΕΔ •castʹ࿭Θ͞Εͳ͍ SwiftίϯύΠϥʹڵຯΛ࣋ͬͨํ΁

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ݸਓతʹࢥ͍ͬͯΔ͜ͱ •SwiftશવΘ͔ΒΜʂָ͍͠ʂ •Swiftʹߩݙֶͯ͠Ϳʂ •ࠔͬͨΒॿ͚͍ͯͩ͘͞🙏

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• Swift ίϯύΠϥͷΞʔΩςΫνϟ • SwiftίϯύΠϥ։ൃೖ໳ • ͖ͭͶ͞ΜͰ΋Θ͔ΔLLVM ~ίϯύΠϥΛࣗ࡞͢ΔͨΊͷΨΠυϒοΫ~ • SwiftͷύϑΥʔϚϯεৄࡉ • Swiftฒߦॲཧ: ෣୆ཪ • SwiftϦϙδτϦ • LLVMϦϙδτϦ(Apple͕ϑΥʔΫ͍ͯ͠Δόʔδϣϯ) • Async lowering • ෆཁͳasyncϑϨʔϜ͕࡞੒͞Εͯ͠·͏ͱ͍͏issue ࢀߟࢿྉ

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͋Γ͕ͱ͏͍͟͝·ͨ͠ʂ