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The Wonderful World of SVG

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Chris Coyier @chriscoyier

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Basic Shapes There are only a handful of

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Basic Shapes There are only a handful of Technically not a basic shape. Basic Shapes are shortcuts to paths.

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Let’s spend like 15 seconds looking at SVG syntax. Even though most of us will hardly ever touch it directly because there are great tools for it.

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“Beaker” by Ben Joyce :: codepen.io/benjoyce/full/myqxad/

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“Beaker” by Ben Joyce :: codepen.io/benjoyce/full/myqxad/

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“Gradient Reuse in SVG” by Me :: codepen.io/chriscoyier/pen/ByOWYO/

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“Gradient Reuse in SVG” by Me :: codepen.io/chriscoyier/pen/ByOWYO/

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“Gradient Reuse in SVG” by Me :: codepen.io/chriscoyier/pen/ByOWYO/

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“Gradient Reuse in SVG” by Me :: codepen.io/chriscoyier/pen/ByOWYO/

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“Gradient Reuse in SVG” by Me :: codepen.io/chriscoyier/pen/ByOWYO/

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“Nature’s Journey” demo file that comes with Adobe Illustrator

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“Nature’s Journey” demo file that comes with Adobe Illustrator LET THERE BE ART

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But why would you even Use SVG? 1 Resolution independent 2 Design possibilities 3 Use as a system

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SCREEN SIZE & RESOLUTIONS Cliché conference presentation graphic depicting different

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1999 SVG was born in

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Why send pixel data when you can send geometry? Math is more efficient! Let your powerful computer* do the drawing. *The connection between this idea and client-side MVC is interesting. shoptalkshow.com/episodes/147-tom-dale/

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1999 SVG was conceived in

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2015 SVG was conceived in

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“Nature’s Journey” demo file that comes with Adobe Illustrator

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That one would be a little impractical on the web. Because it’s like 30 MB. One of the advantages of SVG is that for simple graphics, the file size is smaller and the quality is higher (best of both worlds). But there is a complexity limit.

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DEFINITELY!

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PRROBBBBLY. (test the zipped file size)

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NOPE!

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Mayyyyybe. test context, gzipped size, display size, etc.

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“SVG Animation” by Jose Aguinaga :: codepen.io/jjperezaguinaga/full/yuBdq/

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“Super Nintendo Controller SNES” by Amar Chauhan :: codepen.io/beedesigned/pen/WbZzQx/

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Pretty useful for and/or

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Logo description

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inkscape.org

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If you can get your hands on the vector art… you can easily get that into SVG for use on the web.

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There are three* useful ways to USE SVG ON THE WEB 1 SVG as in HTML 2 SVG as background-image in CSS 3 Inline SVG in HTML * There are more ways, like , , and - but I don’t think they are very useful so let’s ignore them.

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Map of Spain HTML

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is content.

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.main-header { background-image: url(texture.svg); } CSS

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INLINE

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INLINE Inline SVG Demo

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SVG-as-

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SVG-as- SVG as background-image

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SVG-as- SVG as background-image Inline SVG

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SVG is pretty efficient already, but it can also be heavily optimized in multiple ways. cool fact

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SVG gzips very well, because it has a lot of repetitive strings. Be sure to enable that on your server for .svg and when testing to decide to use or not, test different formats against the gzipped sizes.

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SVG gzips very well, because it has a lot of repetitive strings. Be sure to enable that on your server for .svg and when testing to decide to use or not, test different formats against the gzipped sizes. AddType image/svg+xml .svg .svgz AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/html image/svg+xml HTaccess

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“gzip + poetry = awesome" :: jvns.ca/blog/2013/10/24/day-16-gzip-plus-poetry-equals-awesome/

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“gzip + poetry = awesome" :: jvns.ca/blog/2013/10/24/day-16-gzip-plus-poetry-equals-awesome/

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PNG logo

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PNG

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PNG 16 K

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PNG 16 K SVG

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PNG 16 K SVG 319 K CRAZY EXPERIMENT

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PNG 16 K SVG 319 K CRAZY EXPERIMENT 24 K CRAZY EXPERIMENT, GZIPPED

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PNG 16 K SVG 319 K CRAZY EXPERIMENT 24 K CRAZY EXPERIMENT, GZIPPED ? K SHOULDA BEEN AN SVG AM I RIGHT?

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SVGO is great for optimizing .svg files. This demo is SVGO-GUI :: github.com/svg/svgo-gui The core library / command-line tools is here :: github.com/svg/svgo A visual in-browser version by Jake Archibald is here :: jakearchibald.github.io/svgomg/

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SVGO is great for optimizing .svg files. This demo is SVGO-GUI :: github.com/svg/svgo-gui The core library / command-line tools is here :: github.com/svg/svgo A visual in-browser version by Jake Archibald is here :: jakearchibald.github.io/svgomg/

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SVG makes for an excellent ICON SYSTEM Icons are incredibly common on the web. Tons of sites make use of them because they are useful visual indicators. The style of them change over time, but the concept isn’t a trend.

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The classic problem: Say a site needs 20 icons. You really don’t want to make 20 separate HTTP requests for those. That would be slow. One of the top ways to make sites faster is to make less requests. An icon system does two things: 1. All icons are in one request. 2. It makes icons easy to use.

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Past solution to this same problem: CSS Sprites

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Past solution to this same problem: Icon Fonts

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Quick Aside It’s looking like HTTP/2 will make concatenating assets an anti-pattern. Because. Uh. Reasons. I think there is no penalty for requesting multiple assets from the same host and no extra cookie overhead. So if you leave all the icons separate, you can change a single icon without breaking the cache on all of them.

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Let’s do this thing. How to make an icon system from inline SVG

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Follow us on Twitter

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Follow us on Twitter

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Follow us on Twitter

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To use… Put this anywhere in the HTML.

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“Step 7: styling an icon group” by Benedikte Vanderweeën :: codepen.io/Benedikte/pen/rAjad

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“Step 7: styling an icon group” by Benedikte Vanderweeën :: codepen.io/Benedikte/pen/rAjad

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Leveling up up our icon system 1. Let’s make a build tool do the hard part 2. Let’s ajax for the SVG defs, so we can browser cache 3. Let’s add a fallback for non-supporting browsers

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CodePen Logo Three dimensional box surrounded by a circle. CodePen Logo Three dimensional box surrounded by a circle. CodePen Logo Three dimensional box surrounded by a circle.

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defs.svg CodePen Logo Three dimensional box surrounded by a circle. CodePen Logo Three dimensional box surrounded by a circle. CodePen Logo Three dimensional box surrounded by a circle.

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Let’s make a computer build the sprite for us. We could do it ourselves, but that’s more work and error-prone.

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IcoMoon is very awesome.

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IcoMoon gave us this Using the icons is as easy as this.

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Command line build systems are even more awesome.

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How about a little graceful degradation and browser caching?

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First, test to see if inline SVG is supported. var supportsSvg = function() { var div = document.createElement('div'); div.innerHTML = ''; return (div.firstChild && div.firstChild.namespaceURI) == 'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'; };

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if (supportsSvg()) { // Ajax for the defs.svg } else { // We’re going to need a fallback }

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var ajax = new XMLHttpRequest(); ajax.open("GET", "defs.svg", true); ajax.responseType = "document"; ajax.onload = function(e) { document.body.insertBefore( ajax.responseXML.documentElement, document.body.childNodes[0] ); } ajax.send(); Ajax means we can browser cache the response.

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For the fallback, one option is to use Grunticon. Grunticon is a whole system onto itself, so you can definitely just use it exactly as is. But Grunticon doesn’t start with inline SVG in the HTML like we are doing here. We can still use it and do things our own way. Details! css-tricks.com/inline-svg-grunticon-fallback/

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Class name that Grun.con automa.cally creates from the file name.

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if (supportsSvg()) { // Ajax stuff here. } else { grunticon([ "", "/fallbacks/icons.data.png.css", "/fallbacks/icons.fallback.css" ]); } Don’t load anything in a “supported” scenario

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Should the day come that you don’t need a fallback anymore, just stop running Grunticon and doing the support test.

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OK, SHEESH. Why do it this way? What are the advantages?

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1. Vector!
 Typically sharper than icon fonts because of non-text anti-aliasing. css-tricks.com/icon-fonts-vs-svg/

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1. Vector!
 Typically sharper than icon fonts because of non-text anti-aliasing. 2. Easy mulE-color!
 More CSS control than any other method. css-tricks.com/icon-fonts-vs-svg/

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1. Vector!
 Typically sharper than icon fonts because of non-text anti-aliasing. 2. Easy mulE-color!
 More CSS control than any other method. 3. Animate!
 Easy to apply transitions and animations. css-tricks.com/icon-fonts-vs-svg/

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1. Vector!
 Typically sharper than icon fonts because of non-text anti-aliasing. 2. Easy mulE-color!
 More CSS control than any other method. 3. Animate!
 Easy to apply transitions and animations. 4. Script away!
 Everything is in the DOM. css-tricks.com/icon-fonts-vs-svg/

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1. Vector!
 Typically sharper than icon fonts because of non-text anti-aliasing. 2. Easy mulE-color!
 More CSS control than any other method. 3. Animate!
 Easy to apply transitions and animations. 4. Script away!
 Everything is in the DOM. 5. BeKer accessibility! Plus fallbacks!
 Fool-proof, once you set it up well. css-tricks.com/icon-fonts-vs-svg/

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1. Vector!
 Typically sharper than icon fonts because of non-text anti-aliasing. 2. Easy mulE-color!
 More CSS control than any other method. 3. Animate!
 Easy to apply transitions and animations. 4. Script away!
 Everything is in the DOM. 5. BeKer accessibility! Plus fallbacks!
 Fool-proof, once you set it up well. 6. BeKer semanEcs!
 = “image” / = “nothing” css-tricks.com/icon-fonts-vs-svg/

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1. Vector!
 Typically sharper than icon fonts because of non-text anti-aliasing. 2. Easy mulE-color!
 More CSS control than any other method. 3. Animate!
 Easy to apply transitions and animations. 4. Script away!
 Everything is in the DOM. 5. BeKer accessibility! Plus fallbacks!
 Fool-proof, once you set it up well. 6. BeKer semanEcs!
 = “image” / = “nothing” 7. Ease of use
 Easy to manage individual icons, instant build processes. css-tricks.com/icon-fonts-vs-svg/

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1. Vector!
 Typically sharper than icon fonts because of non-text anti-aliasing. 2. Easy mulE-color!
 More CSS control than any other method. 3. Animate!
 Easy to apply transitions and animations. 4. Script away!
 Everything is in the DOM. 5. BeKer accessibility! Plus fallbacks!
 Fool-proof, once you set it up well. 6. BeKer semanEcs!
 = “image” / = “nothing” 7. Ease of use
 Easy to manage individual icons, instant build processes. css-tricks.com/icon-fonts-vs-svg/

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Speaking of icons, The Noun Project is the best site ever for finding simple vectors for about anything.

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SVG is pretty great at ANIMATION 1 Animate with CSS 2 Animate with SMIL 3 Animate with JavaScript

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Animating SVG with CSS is just like animating HTML with CSS. If it’s inline SVG, the CSS can be anywhere, like with the rest of the CSS for your page. If you use the SVG any other way, you have to embed the CSS within the SVG. CSS

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Animating SVG with JavaScript can mean many different things. JavaScript can do anything! JS

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var circle = document.getElementById("orange-circle"), positionX = 0; setInterval(function() { positionX += 10; circle.setAttribute("cx", positionX); if (positionX > 500) { positionX = 0; } }, 20); This is just a dumb ol’ loop that changes an attribute. But that’s animation!

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Typically, it means use a library. All of these work with SVG, but all have slightly different capabilities, approaches, and focuses. 1. Greensock (GSAP)
 greensock.com - does some cool normalization stuff too 2. Snap.svg
 snapsvg.io - jQuery for SVG - kinda like newer Raphaël 3. Velocity.js
 julian.com/research/velocity 4. SVG.js
 svgjs.com 5. D3
 d3js.org - data powerhouse

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“High Five SVG Animation” by MailChimp UX :: codepen.io/mailchimpux/pen/Gblcs

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“Yes/No SVG Tick Animation” by Chris Gannon :: codepen.io/chrisgannon/pen/ogEjRa/

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codepen.io/sdras/pen/dPqRmP

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You can do CLIPPING & MASKING Clipping paths are always vector. Inside the vector shape is shown, outside the vector path is hidden. Masks are images. They can be vector too, but they don’t have to be.

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“SVG Mask (Experiment)” by Noel Delgado :: codepen.io/noeldelgado/pen/ByxQjL

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It’s overused already but who cares it’s awesome LINE DRAWING

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“Animated SVG Headphones” by Chris Gannon :: codepen.io/chrisgannon/pen/zxWowX

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SVG is pretty great at CHARTING Lines? Shapes? Math? Heck yeah. SVG doesn’t have charting-specific features. It has features that lend themselves well to charting.

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“Draw SVG Graph” by Chris Gannon :: codepen.io/chrisgannon/pen/PwQXgG

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amCharts.com amCharts.com

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The original gangsters SVG FILTERS “The Gooey Effect” by Lucas Bebber :: css-tricks.com/gooey-effect/

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More, more, MORE All this has been the tip of the iceberg. There is a TON to know about SVG that we didn’t cover. I mostly wanted to just get you more excited about it. Huge list of information about SVG: css-tricks.com/mega-list-svg-information/

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THANKs! @chriscoyier codepen.io