WebRTC in a decentralized environment

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WebRTC in a decentralized environment Kaustav Das Modak | @kaustavdm

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De-centralized No single control

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Resilient Intent to survive worst possible conditions Image: Sapling by Jason Scragz. CC BY 2.0

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Privacy-aware Harder to control and snoop on user data Image: All YOUR data are belong to U.S. by Imamon. CC BY 2.0

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Secure End-to-end encryption to avoid unauthorized access Image: Secure Cloud - Data Security - Cyber Security by Perspecsys Photos. CC BY-SA 2.0

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Re-decentralize Ask for a decentralized, secure and private internet with open access for everyone. Image: Grumpy Cat builds a GNU Internet by Frerk Meyer. CC BY-SA 2.0

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Internet has centralized parts Undersea cables, root name servers, web servers

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We can decentralize enough

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Can we build a decentralized communications application?

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matrix.org + WebRTC Standard for decentralized communication JSON API over HTTP Speciﬁcations for secure distribution of data Data persistence Open federation of servers

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How matrix works

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Peer-to-peer WebRTC Use matrix for signalling. Distributed discovery. Once connected, use data channels to exchange data.

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About data channels RTCPeerConnection.createDataChannel() -> RTCDataChannel Uses SCTP (message-oriented, ﬂow and congestion control) Send ﬁles as blobs Works with JavaScript primitives, like ArrayBuffer.

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Using RTCDataChannel var pc = new RTCPeerConnection(); // Connect to peer through matrix... Then... var dchannel = pc.createDataChannel("hello", options); dchannel.onmessage = function (evt) { console.log("Received:", evt.data); }; dchannel.onopen = function () { dataChannel.send("Hello, World!"); };

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Trade-offs Cannot initially support more than 3 users in a call. Cannot directly record stream on the server. Needs signiﬁcantly more effort that a centralised signalling server.

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matrix.org + SFU + WebRTC Use matrix rooms for grouping participants Use SFU to mix and broadcast trafﬁc Use WebRTC to build clients across platforms Quick Fix: multi-party environments

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The SAFE network A decentralized internet Alternatives?

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Just decentralizing is not enough You need to deliver value.

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Read more: “Why decentralize technology?” https://kaustavdm.in/why-decentralize-technology.html

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Thanks! Tweet to @kaustavdm | https://kaustavdm.in