Androidアプリの安全なリファクタリングを行うパターン集

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גࣜձࣾϊϋφɹ੉ށ༏೭ "OESPJEΞϓϦͷ ҆શͳϦϑΝΫλϦϯάΛߦ͏ύλʔϯू

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)JSP:6,*4FUP גࣜձࣾϊϋφ .PCJMF5FDI-FBE "OESPJE&OHJOFFS !TFUP@IJ !IJSPZVLJTFUP

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w ίʔυϕʔεͷ࡮৽ํ๏ൺֱ w ϑϧεΫϥονͱϦϑΝΫλϦϯά w ϦϑΝΫλϦϯάͰى͜Γ͕ͪͳ໰୊ͱରࡦ w ҆શͳϦϑΝΫλϦϯάͱ͸ w .7$ΞϓϦͷ҆શͳϦϑΝΫλϦϯά ΞδΣϯμ

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͸͡Ίʹ

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w ඞͣϦϑΝΫλϦϯάͰίʔυΛ௚ͤʂͱ͸ࢥ͍ͬͯͳ͍ w ϝϦοτσϝϦοτΛߟ͑Δ΂͖ w ؀ڥɾ৔໘ʹΑͬͯҟͳΔ w εΫϥονͱϦϑΝΫλϦϯάͷ૊Έ߹Θͤ΋˕ w ࠓճ͸ϦϑΝΫλϦϯάͷࣦഊΛݮΒ͢ϙΠϯτͷ঺հ w ઈରʹࣦഊ͠ͳ͘ͳΔํ๏͸ͳ͍ ͸͡Ίʹ

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w ςετΛॻ͜͏ w ഁյతมߋͨ͠Βͦͷ෦෼Λݕূ͠Α͏ ൃදͷཁ໿

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ίʔυϕʔεͷ࡮৽ํ๏ൺֱ

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w طଘίʔυΛࣺ͔ͯͯΒཧ૝ܕʹॻ͖௚͢ w ˓͕͠ΒΈ͕ͳ͘։ൃ଎౓΋ग़΍͍͢ w ˚৽نόάΛ࢓ࠐΉՄೳੑ w ˚ݱߦ࢓༷͕೺ѲͰ͖͍ͯͳ͍ͱ೉͍͠ w ࢓༷Λ֬ೝ͢Δ͕࣌ؒඞཁ w ҙਤ͠ͳ͍σάϨͷՄೳੑ ϑϧεΫϥον

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w طଘίʔυΛॻ͖׵͑ͯཧ૝ܕʹ͍࣋ͬͯ͘ w ˓࢓༷Λ೺Ѳ͍ͯ͠ͳͯ͘΋Ͱ͖Δ w ϦϑΝΫλͯ͠ίʔυ͔Β࢓༷ΛಡΈղ͘ w ˚৽نόάطଘόάʹۤ͠ΉՄೳੑ w ˚طଘ࣮૷ʹҾͬுΒΕͯ։ൃ଎౓͕ग़ͳ͍Մೳੑ ϦϑΝΫλϦϯά

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ൺֱද ϑϧεΫϥον ϦϑΝΫλϦϯά ޻਺ɾ։ൃ଎౓ ޻਺গ ։ൃ଎౓˓ ޻਺ଟ ։ൃ଎౓˚ ࢓༷ҡ࣋ ˚   ҙਤ͠ͳ͍σάϨΛ͢ΔՄೳੑ ˓ όά ΤϯόάͷՄೳੑ Τϯόά   طଘόάΛܧଓͷՄೳੑ ͦͷଞ ݱঢ়࢓༷Λ೺Ѳ͍ͯ͠ͳ͍ͱ೉ ࣮૷͠ͳ͕Β࢓༷೺Ѳ͔Մ

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ϦϑΝΫλϦϯάͰ ى͜Γ͕ͪͳ໰୊ͱରࡦ

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w ֎෦ಈ࡞࢓༷Ϣʔβʔʹݟ͑Δಈ࡞ w ඇഁյతมߋ w ಺෦ಈ࡞ʹ΋Өڹ͕ͳ͍ϝιου΍Ϋϥεͷ੔ཧ w ഁյతมߋ w ಺෦ಈ࡞͸มΘ͕ͬͨ֎෦ಈ࡞࢓༷͸มΘ͍ͬͯͳ͍৔߹ w ྫɿΞϧΰϦζϜมߋɺ+TPO1BSTFSมߋ w ಺෦ಈ࡞΋֎෦ಈ࡞࢓༷΋มΘΔ৔߹ w ྫɿ࢓༷มߋɺϥΠϑαΠΫϧมߋɺϝϞϦϦʔΫमਖ਼ ඇഁյతมߋഁյతมߋ

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w ͱʹ͔͘طଘಈ࡞͕յΕΔ w ͪΐͬͱม͚͑ͨͩͳͷʹյΕͨ w յΕͳ͍͸ͣͷमਖ਼ͰյΕͨ w ૝ఆ֎ͷ෦෼͕ಈ͔ͳ͘ͳͬͨ ى͜Γ͕ͪͳ໰୊

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w ૝ఆ͍ͯ͠ͳ͍ഁյతมߋ w ϦϑϨΫγϣϯɺੜ੒ίʔυͷࢀর w ϥΠϒϥϦͷΞοϓσʔτ w $IBOHFMPHʹͳ͍मਖ਼ w ଞΞϓϦ΍'SBNFXPSLͱͷ࿈ܞ w ݕূ͕೉͍͠໰୊ w ϥΠϑαΠΫϧɺඇಉظॲཧ w ෳ߹తͳཁҼ ૝ఆ֎ͷݪҼ ରࡦ͸೉͍͠

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w ݕূΛखް͘΍Ε͹໰୊͸ग़ʹ͘͘ͳΔ w 㱻ݕূϦιʔε͕ඞཁʹͳΔ w ഁյతมߋʹΑͬͯಈ࡞͕յΕ͍ͯΔ w ඇഁյతมߋͰ͸ಈ࡞͸มΘΒͳ͍ w ݕূΛബͯ͘͠΋໰୊͸ग़ʹ͍͘͸ͣ w ഁյతมߋΛݕূ͢Ε͹໰୊͕ݟ͔ͭΓ΍͍͢͸ͣ w ಺෦ಈ࡞͕ҙਤͨ͠௨Γ w ֎෦ಈ࡞࢓༷͕ҙਤͨ͠௨Γ ݪҼ෼ੳͱରࡦ

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w ഁյతมߋඇഁյతมߋΛ໌֬ʹ͢Δ w मਖ਼ޙͷಈ࡞ΛݕূͰ͖Δঢ়ଶʹ͢Δ w ՄೳͳݶΓࣗಈςετͰݕূ͢Δ w ഁյతมߋΛͨ͠఺Λݕূ͢Δ w ಺෦ಈ࡞͕ҙਤͨ͠΋ͷͰ͋Δ͜ͱ w ಺෦ಈ࡞Λม͑ͯ΋֎෦ಈ࡞࢓༷͕ಉҰͰ͋Δ͜ͱ w ֎෦ಈ࡞࢓༷͕ҙਤͨ͠΋ͷͰ͋Δ͜ͱ ҆શͳϦϑΝΫλϦϯά

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w ҆શͳϦϑΝΫλϦϯάͷͨΊʹܭըΛཱͯΔ w ணखલʹΰʔϧ·ͰͷεςοϓΛ෼ׂ͢Δ w ΰʔϧ΁ͷํ޲ੑ͕ͳ͍ঢ়ଶͰ͸໎૸͕ͪ͠ w ഁյతมߋඇഁյతมߋΛࠞͥͳ͍ w εςοϓͷഁյతมߋΛগͳ͘͢Δ w ݕূΛ؆୯ʹ͢ΔͨΊ εςοϓ෼ׂ

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w ✅ͦͷεςοϓʹΑͬͯݕূ͕Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ʹͳΔ͔ w ✅ഁյతมߋ͔ w ✅Ͳ͕͜ഁյతมߋ͔ w ✅ഁյతมߋʹݕূํ๏͕͋Δ͔ εςοϓ෼ׂνΣοΫϙΠϯτ

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w 㲈ςετ͕ॻ͚ΔΑ͏ʹͳΔ͔ w ϦϑΝΫλϦϯά͢ΔͳΒ͹໨ࢦ͢΂͖ΰʔϧ w ࣗಈςετͰಈ࡞อূͰ͖Ε͹खಈͷݕূίετ͕ݮΔ w मਖ਼ͨ͠ίʔυ͕ҙਤͨ͠ಈ࡞Λ͍ͯ͠Δ͔ͷݕূ w ඇഁյతมߋͳΒ͹ಈ࡞ʹมߋ͸ͳ͍͸ͣ w ݕূΛ௥Ճͤͣ໨ઌͷ։ൃ଎౓ΛٻΊΔ͜ͱ΋Մ ✅ݕূ͕Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ʹͳΔ͔

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w ಈ࡞͕มΘͬͨ఺͕͋Δ͔ w ಺෦ಈ࡞͸มΘ͕ͬͨ֎෦ಈ࡞࢓༷͸มΘ͍ͬͯͳ͍৔߹ w ಺෦ಈ࡞΋֎෦ಈ࡞࢓༷΋มΘΔ৔߹ ✅ഁյతมߋ͔

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w ಺෦࣮૷ w εΫϥον։ൃ w ΞϧΰϦζϜมߋ w ґଘϥΠϒϥϦมߋ w +BWBˠ,PUMJOͷOVMMBCJMJUZ w ֎෦ಈ࡞࢓༷ w "OESPJEͷϥΠϑαΠΫϧมߋ w ΞϓϦͷ࢓༷ ✅Ͳ͕͜ഁյతมߋ͔

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w ಺෦ಈ࡞͸มΘ͕ͬͨ֎෦ಈ࡞࢓༷͸มΘ͍ͬͯͳ͍৔߹ w มߋલͱมߋޙͷಈ࡞͕ಉҰͰ͋Δ͜ͱͷݕূ w ಺෦ಈ࡞΋֎෦ಈ࡞࢓༷΋มΘΔ৔߹ w ҙਤ௨Γಈ͘͜ͱͷݕূ w ݕূํ๏ w ࣗಈςετ 6OJU5FTUɺ6*5FTUɺ7JTVBM3FHSFTTJPO5FTU w खಈςετͰͷݕূɺ2"Ͱͷݕূ w શͯͷมߋΛݕূ͢Δͷ͸ෆՄ ✅ഁյతมߋʹݕূํ๏͕͋Δ͔

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w ૝ఆ͍ͯ͠ͳ͍ഁյతมߋ w ϦϑϨΫγϣϯɺੜ੒ίʔυͷࢀর w ϥΠϒϥϦͷΞοϓσʔτ w $IBOHFMPHʹͳ͍मਖ਼ w ଞΞϓϦ΍'SBNFXPSLͱͷ࿈ܞ w ݕূ͕೉͍͠໰୊ w ϥΠϑαΠΫϧ w ෳ߹తͳཁҼ ૝ఆ֎ͷݪҼ ରࡦ͸೉͍͠

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w ϦΞʔΩςΫνϟͷࡍ   "OESPJEͰ͸σʔλ૚͔Βணख͢Δͱྑ͍ εςοϓ෼ׂUJQT ݹ͍%BUB૚ ৽͍͠6*૚ ݺͼग़͠ ෆ҆ఆͳ݁Ռ ѻ͍ʹ͍͘ܕ ෆ҆ఆͳ݁Ռ Λߟྀ࣮ͨ͠૷

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w ϦΞʔΩςΫνϟͷࡍ   "OESPJEͰ͸σʔλ૚͔Βணख͢Δͱྑ͍ εςοϓ෼ׂUJQT ৽͍͠%BUB૚ ݹ͍6*૚ ݺͼग़͠ ҆ఆͨ݁͠Ռ 6*૚࡮৽ͷࡍ ҆ఆ࣮ͨ͠૷

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.7$ΞϓϦͷϦϑΝΫλϦϯά

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w IUUQTHJUIVCDPNIJSPZVLJTFUPESPJELBJHJTBNQMF w NBJO͕ݩͷίʔυ w ϦϑΝΫλϦϯάͨ͠΋ͷͰ13 w ϘλϯΛԡ͢ͱ௨৴ͯ͠   3FTQPOTF$PEFΛදࣔ αϯϓϧϦϙδτϦ

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αϯϓϧίʔυ ελʔτ ΰʔϧ ΞʔΩςΫνϟ .7$ .77.   3FDPNNFOEFE"QQ"SDI 7JFXૢ࡞ "DUJWJUZͰૢ࡞ %BUB#JOEJOH ""$7JFX.PEFM-JWF%BUB ௨৴ॲཧ "DUJWJUZʹ΂ͨॻ͖ 3FNPUF%BUBTPVSDF ඇಉظॲཧ "TZOD5BTL %FQSFDBUFE $PSPVUJOF

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w IUUQTEFWFMPQFSBOESPJEDPNKFUQBDLHVJEFSFDPNNFOEFEBQQBSDI 3FDPNNFOEFE"QQ"SDIJUFDUVSF

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αϯϓϧίʔυ 'SBHNFOU "TZOD5BTL 8FCTFSWJDF 'SBHNFOU 7JFX.PEFM 3FQPTJUPSZ 3FNPUF%BUB4PVSDF 8FCTFSWJDF -JWF%BUB ελʔτ ΰʔϧ

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αϯϓϧίʔυ ελʔτ 'SBHNFOU

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3FNPUF%BUBTPVSDFͷ࡞੒ 3FQPTJUPSZͷ࡞੒ 7JFX.PEFMͷಋೖ -JWF%BUBͷಋೖ .77.Խ $PSPVUJOFԽ εςοϓ෼ׂ

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4UFQ3FNPUF%BUB4PVSDFͷ࡞੒ 'SBHNFOU "TZOD5BTL 8FCTFSWJDF 3FNPUF%BUB4PVSDF 8FCTFSWJDF #FGPSF "GUFS 'SBHNFOU "TZOD5BTL

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4UFQ3FNPUF%BUB4PVSDFͷ࡞੒

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w ඇഁյతมߋ w ॲཧͷΫϥε੾Γग़͠ͷΈ w 0L)UUQ$MJFOUΛΫϥεม਺ʹ͕ͨ͠ɺ4UFQͷ࣮૷ͳΒඇഁյత w 3FNPUF%BUB4PVSDFͷΠϯελϯεΛ࢖͍ճ͢ͱഁյత 4UFQ3FNPUF%BUB4PVSDFͷ࡞੒

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w ௨৴෦෼ͷ࣮૷͕ෛ࠴ͳ͜ͱ΋ଟʑ w ϦϑΝΫλ͢Δʹ͸ w ςετΛॻ͍ͯϦΫΤετ΍ϨεϙϯεͷQBSTF݁ՌΛอূ͢Δ w ෛ࠴ΫϥεΛॻ͖׵͍͑ͯ͘ w NPDLLͷTMPUΛ࢖ͬͯ௨৴पΓͷෛ࠴ղফͷϦϑΝΫλϦϯάΛ͢Δ w IUUQTRJJUBDPNIJSPZVLJTFUPJUFNTFFCGFG ༨ஊ௨৴෦෼΋ॻ͖׵͍͑ͨ

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ϒϥοΫϘοΫεͷ௚͠ํ ϒϥοΫϘοΫε ݺͼग़͠ ݁Ռ 8SBQQFSΫϥε ݺͼग़͠ ݺͼग़͠ ݁Ռ ݁Ռ ςετͰอূ ςετ ݺͼग़͠ ݁Ռ ྑ͍࣮૷ ݺͼग़͠ ݁Ռ "OESPJEςετશॻ1/FUXPSL6UJMTͷྫ

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4UFQ3FQPTJUPSZͷ࡞੒ 3FQPTJUPSZ 8FCTFSWJDF #FGPSF "GUFS 'SBHNFOU "TZOD5BTL 3FNPUF%BUB4PVSDF 3FNPUF%BUB4PVSDF 8FCTFSWJDF 'SBHNFOU "TZOD5BTL

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4UFQ3FQPTJUPSZͷ࡞੒

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w ඇഁյతมߋ w Ϋϥε੾Γग़͠ͷΈ w ݕূͷ௥Ճ w 6OJU5FTU͕ॻ͚ΔΑ͏ʹͳΔ 4UFQ3FQPTJUPSZͷ࡞੒

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6OJU5FTU

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4UFQ7JFX.PEFMͷಋೖ 3FQPTJUPSZ 8FCTFSWJDF #FGPSF "GUFS 'SBHNFOU "TZOD5BTL 3FNPUF%BUB4PVSDF 3FQPTJUPSZ 8FCTFSWJDF 'SBHNFOU "TZOD5BTL 3FNPUF%BUB4PVSDF 7JFX.PEFM

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4UFQ7JFX.PEFMͷಋೖ 'SBHNFOU

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4UFQ7JFX.PEFMͷಋೖ w ֎෦ಈ࡞࢓༷͸ಉҰͳഁյతมߋ w ճ໨ͷ࣮ߦ࣌ʹ3FQPTJUPSZ͕࢖͍ճ͞ΕΔ w ഁյతมߋͷݕূ w ճ໨ͷ࣮ߦ΋֎෦ಈ࡞࢓༷͕ಉҰͰ͋Δ͜ͱ w 6*5FTUɺखಈςετͳͲ w ʮճ໨ͷ࣮ߦͰ΋ҙਤͨ͠ಈ࡞ʯͷ6*5FTU͸ෆໟͳͷͰखಈ͕Α͍

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w ϦϑΝΫλϦϯάͷ్தͰઃܭͱͯ͠ඍົʹͳΔ͜ͱ΋ w ʮݕূ͢ΔͨΊʯʮ࠷ऴతʹ៉ྷʹͳΔʯͱׂΓ੾Δ w தؒঢ়ଶͷ··Ͱ์ஔ͸ઈରʹආ͚Δ w ࠷ॳʹνʔϜϝϯόʔʹमਖ਼ํ਑Λڞ༗͢Δ ϙΠϯτதؒঢ়ଶΛݏ͕Βͳ͍

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4UFQ-JWF%BUBͷಋೖ 'SBHNFOU 7JFX.PEFM 3FQPTJUPSZ 3FNPUF%BUB4PVSDF 8FCTFSWJDF -JWF%BUB #FGPSF "GUFS 3FQPTJUPSZ 8FCTFSWJDF 'SBHNFOU "TZOD5BTL 3FNPUF%BUB4PVSDF 7JFX.PEFM "TZOD5BTL

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4UFQ-JWF%BUBͷಋೖ 'SBHNFOU "TZOD5BTL 7JFX.PEFM

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w ֎෦ಈ࡞࢓༷΋มΘΔഁյతมߋ w PO4UBSUͱPO4UPQͷ͔ؒ͠6*͕൓ө͞Εͳ͍ w ݕূͷ௥Ճ w 6OJUςετ w -JWF%BUBʹ஋͕ೖ͍ͬͯΔ͜ͱͷ֬ೝ w ഁյతมߋͷݕূ w खಈ֬ೝ w ࣗಈςετ͕೉͍͠ϥΠϑαΠΫϧؔ࿈ 4UFQ-JWF%BUBͷಋೖ

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w ֎෦࢓༷͸ಉҰͳഁյతมߋ w 7JFXͱͷ΍ΓͱΓ͕%BUB#JOEJOHܦ༝ʹ w ഁյతมߋͷݕূ w 6*5FTUJOH w .77.ԽલޙͰಉ͡6*ςετ͕ಈ࡞͢Δ͜ͱ w खಈςετ w 6*5FTUͰΧόʔ͖͠Εͳ͍෦෼ 4UFQ.77.Խ

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w 6*5FTU

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4UFQ$PSPVUJOFԽ #FGPSF "GUFS 'SBHNFOU 7JFX.PEFM 3FQPTJUPSZ 3FNPUF%BUB4PVSDF 8FCTFSWJDF -JWF%BUB 'SBHNFOU 7JFX.PEFM 3FQPTJUPSZ 3FNPUF%BUB4PVSDF 8FCTFSWJDF -JWF%BUB "TZOD5BTL

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4UFQ$PSPVUJOFԽ 7JFX.PEFM

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w ֎෦࢓༷΋มΘΔഁյతมߋ w "TZOD5BTLˠ$PSPVUJOFͰඇಉظॲཧ͕ࠜຊ͔ΒมΘΔ w 7JFX.PEFMPO$MFBS 'SBHNFOUPO%FTUSPZ Ͱඇಉظॲཧऴྃ w "TZOD5BTL࣌୅ͷϝϞϦϦʔΫमਖ਼ w ഁյతมߋͷݕূ w "TZOD5BTLΛ$PSPVUJOFʹஔ͖׵͑ͯ6OJU5FTU͕௨Δ͜ͱ w खಈςετϥΠϑαΠΫϧ PO%FTUSPZ 4UFQ$PSPVUJOFԽ

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αϯϓϧίʔυ 'SBHNFOU "TZOD5BTL 8FCTFSWJDF 'SBHNFOU 7JFX.PEFM 3FQPTJUPSZ 3FNPUF%BUB4PVSDF 8FCTFSWJDF -JWF%BUB #FGPSF "GUFS

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w 'SBNFXPSL΍ϥΠϒϥϦͷಈ࡞Λ஌Δ w ഁյతมߋΛݟམͱ͢Մೳੑ͕ݮΔ w "OESPJEͰ͸ಛʹϥΠϑαΠΫϧΛҙࣝ͢Δ w ಺෦࣮૷ΛಡΉͷ͕Φεεϝ ϙΠϯτಈ࡞Λ஌Δ

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w ΤϥʔΛચ͍ग़ͯ͠ॲཧํ๏ΛܾΊΔ w ϦΞʔΩςΫνϟͷࡍ͸ॲཧ͢Δ૚ΛܾΊΔ w IUUQTTQFBLFSEFDLDPNLHNZTIJOBOESPJEBQQFSSPSIBOEMJOH ϙΠϯτΤϥʔॲཧ

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·ͱΊ

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w ܭըΛཱͯͯϦϑΝΫλϦϯάΛ͠Α͏ w ςετΛॻ͜͏ w ഁյతมߋͨ͠Βͦͷ෦෼Λݕূ͠Α͏ ൃදͷཁ໿