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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG How to Tame TDD By Vladik Khononov

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG My twitter is I blog Chief Architect My email is vladik
 @ vladikk @ vladikk.com @ Naxex @ khononov.com


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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Agenda TDD Journey Fix #1: Scoping Unit Tests Fix #2: Testing Strategies Common misconceptions Fix #3: TDD & Design TDD Revisited Cyclomatic Complexity Business Logic Modeling Patterns

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG • TDD?

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG • TDD? • Done TDD?

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG • TDD? • Done TDD? • Still doing TDD?

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Our TDD Journey

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG TDD

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG v1

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG v1

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG v1

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG v1 v2 UNIT
 TESTS

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG v1 v2 UNIT
 TESTS

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG v1 v2 UNIT
 TESTS

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG v1 v2 v5 OH SHIT!

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG v1 v2 v5 OH SHIT!

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG v1 v2 v5 OH SHIT!

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Test Code

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Fixing failed tests Test Code

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG v1 v2 v5 OH SHIT!

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG v5 v1 v2 OH SHIT!

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG v5 v1 v2

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG • Write a failing Unit Test

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG • Write a failing Unit Test • Write code to a make it pass • Proper design • Isolate the Class under test

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG • Write a failing Unit Test • Write code to a make it pass • Proper design • Isolate the Class under test Fakes Mocks Stubs

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG • Write a failing Unit Test • Write code to a make it pass • Proper design • Isolate the Class under test • Refactor Fakes Mocks Stubs

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG • Write a failing Unit Test • Write code to a make it pass • Proper design • Isolate the Class under test • Refactor Fakes Mocks Stubs

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG • Write a failing Unit Test • Write code to a make it pass • Proper design • Isolate the Class under test • Refactor • Repeat • 100% unit test coverage • Maintainable and extendable code • FAST!!! Fakes Mocks Stubs

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG • Write a failing Unit Test • Write code to a make it pass • Proper design • Isolate the Class under test • Refactor • Repeat • 100% unit test coverage • Maintainable and extendable code • FAST!!! Fakes Mocks Stubs

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG • Write a failing Unit Test • Write code to a make it pass • Proper design • Isolate the Class under test • Refactor • Repeat • 100% unit test coverage • Maintainable and extendable code • FAST!!! Fakes Mocks Stubs

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG • Write a failing Unit Test • Write code to a make it pass • Proper design • Isolate the Class under test • Refactor • Repeat • 100% unit test coverage • Maintainable and extendable code • FAST!!! Fakes Mocks Stubs TEST-DRIVEN DESIGN

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Fakes Mocks Stubs • Write a failing Unit Test • Write code to a make it pass • Proper design • Isolate the Class under test • Refactor • Repeat • 100% unit test coverage • Maintainable and extendable code • FAST!!! TEST-DRIVEN DESIGN

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Fakes Mocks Stubs • Write a failing Unit Test • Write code to a make it pass • Proper design • Isolate the Class under test • Refactor • Repeat • 100% unit test coverage • Maintainable and extendable code • FAST!!! TEST-DRIVEN DESIGN

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Fakes Mocks Stubs • Write a failing Unit Test • Write code to a make it pass • Proper design • Isolate the Class under test • Refactor • Repeat • 100% unit test coverage • Maintainable and extendable code • FAST!!! TEST-DRIVEN DESIGN

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG What is a Unit?

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG CLASS?

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG •OOP Only CLASS?

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG •OOP Only •Fragile CLASS?

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Unit

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Mock Stub Mock Stub Stub Stub Unit

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG •OOP Only •Fragile •No! CLASS?

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG ” “ A unit is a single logical functional use case in the system that can be invoked by some
 public interface… A unit can span a single method, a whole class or multiple classes working together to achieve one single logical purpose Roy Osherove The Art of Unit Testing

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG List Task Status * 1

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Task List Status Units

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Task List Status Units

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Create a new list Create a new task Mark as completed Update list name Units

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Unit Test: Create a new task List Task Status

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Unit Test: Create a new task List Task Status Database Online Calendar Isolate External systems

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG • Align Units with the system’s use cases • Do not isolate implementation details • Isolate external systems and services Adjustment #1

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Why Unit Tests?

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Unit Tests Integration Tests End to End Tests

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Number of tests * Execution time = Feedback time

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG * Execution time = Feedback time Number of tests

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG * Execution time = Feedback time Number of tests

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG public User(long id, Agency agency, User createdBy, DateTime createdOn) : base(createdBy, createdOn) { this.Id = id; this.agency = agency; this.AutoLeadAssignmentPausedUntil = DateTime.UtcNow; } public User(Agency agency, User createdBy, DateTime createdOn) : base(createdBy, createdOn) { this.agency = agency; this.AutoLeadAssignmentPausedUntil = DateTime.UtcNow; } public virtual void AddGroup(Group group) { RemoveGroupsWithOtherDesks(group.Desk); groups.AddIfNotExists(group); if (!group.Users.Contains(this)) group.AddUser(this, false); } public virtual void SetActive(bool value) { if (value && !this.Active) this.StatisticsShouldBeRecalculated = true; this.Active = value; } private void RemoveGroupsWithOtherDesks(Desk newDesk) { if (newDesk == Desk) return; foreach (var g in groups) g.RemoveUser(this); groups.Clear(); } public virtual void AddOrganizationUnit(OrganizationUnitUserAssociation ouUserAssociation) { if (organizationUnitsAssociations.All(x => x.Unit.Id != ouUserAssociation.Unit.Id)) organizationUnitsAssociations.Add(ouUserAssociation); } public virtual Desk[] GetManagedDesks(Advertiser advertiser) { return this.CanAccessAllDesks ? advertiser.Desks.ToArray() : this.ManagesDesks.ToArray(); } public virtual Group[] GetManagedGroups(Advertiser advertiser) { return this.CanAccessAllDesks ? advertiser.Desks.SelectMany(x => x.Groups).Distinct().ToArray() : GetManagedDesks(advertiser) .SelectMany(x => x.Groups) .Concat(this.Groups.Where(x => x.IsManagedBy(this))) .Distinct() .ToArray(); } public virtual Advertiser[] GetAllowedAdvertisers()

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Number of independent execution paths within a section of code Cyclomatic Complexity

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG DoSomething DoSomethingElse ExecuteSomething ExecuteSomethingElse Low C. Complexity

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG if(SomeCondition()) DoSomething(); else DoSomethingElse(); if(AnotherCondition()) ExecuteSomething(); else ExecuteSomethingElse(); High C. Complexity

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Cyclomatic
 Complexity Amount
 of Tests

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG M = E − N + 2P M = E − N + 2 M = π − s + 2

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Cyclomatic
 Complexity Amount
 of Tests

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Business Logic Modeling Patterns

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Transaction Script Active Record Domain Model Business Logic Modeling Patterns

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Simple logic Extract, Transform and Load Procedural code Transaction Script

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG JSON XML JSON2XML

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Source Database IMPORT

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG DB.StartTransaction(); var job = DB.LoadNextJob();
 var json = LoadFile(source); var xml = ConvertJsonToXml(json); WriteFile(destionation, xml.ToString(); DB.MarkJobAsCompleted(job); DB.Commit()

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Simple logic ETL-Like processes Procedural code Transaction Script

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Unit INTEGRATION END2END

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Complex data structures Simple logic CRUD Active Record

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Advertiser Ad Campaign Placement * 1 * Location Website Creatives *

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Complex data structures Simple logic CRUD Active Record

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Active Record Presentation Layer Active Records Service / Application Layer Data Structures Business Logic

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG public class User { public Guid Id { get; set; }
 public string Name { get; set; }
 public List Interests { get; set; }
 public Address Address { get; set; } public void Save() { … }
 public void Delete() { … }
 public static User Get(Guid id) { … }
 public static List GetAll() { … } }

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Active Record Presentation Layer Service / Application Layer Active Records Data Structures Business Logic

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG public class CreateUser { public void Execute(userDetails) { try { DB.StartTransaction();
 var user = new User();
 user.Name = userDetails.Name;
 user.Email = userDetails.Email;
 user.Save();
 DB.Commit(); } catch { DB.Rollback();
 throw; } } }

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG public class User { public Guid Id { get; set; }
 public string Name { get; set; }
 public List Interests { get; set; }
 public Address Address { get; set; } public void Save() { … }
 public void Delete() { … }
 public static User Get(Guid id) { … }
 public static List GetAll() { … } }

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG public class CreateUser { public void Execute(userDetails) { try { DB.StartTransaction();
 var user = new User();
 user.Name = userDetails.Name;
 user.Email = userDetails.Email;
 user.Save();
 DB.Commit(); } catch { DB.Rollback();
 throw; } } }

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG INTEGRATION E2E UNIT

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Complex logic Business rules Protecting invariants Domain Model

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG public class User { public Guid Id { get; private set; }
 public string Name { get; private set; }
 public List Interests { get; private set; }
 public Address Address { get; private set; } public void UpdateDetails() { … }
 public void AddInterest() { … }
 public static User InitializeNew() { … } }

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG E2E INTEGRATION UNIT

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Adjustment #2: Testing Strategies

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG • Transaction Script - 100% End to end Adjustment #2: Testing Strategies

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG • Transaction Script - 100% End to end • Active Record - 100% Integration tests Adjustment #2: Testing Strategies

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG • Transaction Script - 100% End to end • Active Record - 100% Integration tests • Domain Model - 100% Unit tests Adjustment #2: Testing Strategies

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Design?

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Well designed code is testable

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Well designed code is testable Testable code is well designed

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Well designed code is testable Testable code is well designed

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Transaction Script Active Record Domain Model Business Logic Modeling Patterns

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG • System’s design is driven by its business domain, its needs and its problems • Development can be driven by tests Adjustment #3: Design vs. Development

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG • System’s design is driven by its business domain, its needs and its problems • Development can be driven by tests • Test-Driven Design • Test-Driven Development Adjustment #3: Design vs. Development

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Taking Care of Tests

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG AUTOMATED TESTS ARE PRODUCTION CODE

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG [TestMethod] public void SetAsUnqualified_ClearWeights() { var lead = BuildLead(10, 15, 24, false); lead.SetAsUnqualified(updatedContactDetails, policy, 12); Assert.AreEqual(12, lead.Proprity); }

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG [TestMethod] public void SetAsUnqualified_ClearWeights() { var lead = BuildLead(10, 15, 24, false); lead.SetAsUnqualified(updatedContactDetails, policy, 12); Assert.AreEqual(12, lead.Proprity); }

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG [TestMethod] public void SetAsUnqualified_ClearWeights() { var lead = BuildLead(someUserId, groupId, events, notNew); lead.SetAsUnqualified(updatedContactDetails, policy, agentId); Assert.AreEqual(newLeadPriority, lead.Proprity); }

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG [TestMethod] public void CreateLeadActivity_CreateValidJSON() { var depositActivity = new DepositActivity(); depositActivity.ActivityTypeId = 6002; depositActivity.AdvertiserActivityTypeId = 3; depositActivity.ActivityDescription = "Deposit-Approved"; depositActivity.AdvertiserId = 1; depositActivity.AgencyId = 23; depositActivity.BrandId = 1; depositActivity.CustomerId = "eyookon93@yahoo.com"; depositActivity.CreatedDate = new DateTime(2015, 03, 23, 9, 30, 42); depositActivity.Domain = "deposit.23traders.com"; depositActivity.LabelId = 1; depositActivity.TransactionId = 25; depositActivity.CreatedDateStr = "2015-03-23T09:30:42+00:00"; var leadActivityDTo = new LeadActivityDTO(depositActivity, false); var serializeObject = new JsonNetAdapter().SerializeObject(leadActivityDTo); A.CallTo(() => jsonSerializer.SerializeObject(leadActivityDTo)).WithAnyArguments().Returns(serializeObject); var result = new DepositActivityFactory(jsonSerializer).CreateLeadActivity(depositActivity); Assert.AreEqual(result, leadActivityJSON); }

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Gherkin Language • Given • When • Then

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG [TestMethod] public void CreateLeadActivity_CreateValidJSON() { var depositActivity = new DepositActivity(); depositActivity.ActivityTypeId = 6002; depositActivity.AdvertiserActivityTypeId = 3; depositActivity.ActivityDescription = "Deposit-Approved"; depositActivity.AdvertiserId = 1; depositActivity.AgencyId = 23; depositActivity.BrandId = 1; depositActivity.CustomerId = "eyookon93@yahoo.com"; depositActivity.CreatedDate = new DateTime(2015, 03, 23, 9, 30, 42); depositActivity.Domain = "deposit.23traders.com"; depositActivity.LabelId = 1; depositActivity.TransactionId = 25; depositActivity.CreatedDateStr = "2015-03-23T09:30:42+00:00"; var leadActivityDTo = new LeadActivityDTO(depositActivity, false); var serializeObject = new JsonNetAdapter().SerializeObject(leadActivityDTo); A.CallTo(() => jsonSerializer.SerializeObject(leadActivityDTo)).WithAnyArguments().Returns(serializeObject); var result = new DepositActivityFactory(jsonSerializer).CreateLeadActivity(depositActivity); Assert.AreEqual(result, leadActivityJSON); }

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Scenario: Check monthly report Given today is 2015/05/18 And a payment was made for the 2015/04 period on 2015/04/01 When we generate agent's monthly report for 2015/03 Then payment log cannot be generated And the payment log was generated on 2015/04/01

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Jasmine (JavaScript) SpecFlow (.Net) Behave (Python) Cucumber (Ruby) etc

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Examples

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG public virtual void SetAsConverted(…) { UpdateContactDetails(updatedContactDetails.Name); var waitDaysForDeposit = Settings.GetAppConfigInt("Days"); ClearWeights(); TrackPhoneCall(phoneNumber, convertedBy, convertedOn); ResetInteraction(); UpdateModifiedByAndOn(convertedBy.Id, convertedOn); Apply(new DepositPending(State.Id, interactionId)); } C.Complexity: Low or High?

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG public virtual void SetAsConverted(…) { UpdateContactDetails(updatedContactDetails.Name); var waitDaysForDeposit = Settings.GetAppConfigInt("Days"); ClearWeights(); TrackPhoneCall(phoneNumber, convertedBy, convertedOn); ResetInteraction(); UpdateModifiedByAndOn(convertedBy.Id, convertedOn); Apply(new DepositPending(State.Id, interactionId)); } Unit Test or Integration Test?

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Active Record or Domain Model? You are working on a CRM system, and you are asked to build a service that calculates commissions for sales agents. There about 100 different commissions rules, and managers should be able to optimize them on the fly.

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Full Coverage by Unit or Integration Tests? You are asked to build a service that calculates commissions for sales agents. There are about 100 different commissions rules, and managers should be able to optimize them on the fly.

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Active Record or Domain Model?

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Full Coverage by Integration or Unit Tests?

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Summary

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG • Write a failing Unit Test • Write code to a make it pass • Simplest design • Isolate the Class under test • Refactor • Repeat • 100% unit test coverage • Maintainable and extendable code • FAST!!! Fakes Mocks Stubs TEST-DRIVEN DESIGN

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG • Write a failing Unit Test • Write code to a make it pass • Simplest design • Refactor • Repeat • 100% unit test coverage • FAST!!! Fakes Mocks Stubs TEST-DRIVEN DESIGN • Isolate the Class under test • Maintainable and extendable code

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG • Write a failing Unit Test • Write code to a make it pass • Simplest design • Refactor • Repeat • 100% unit test coverage • FAST!!! TEST-DRIVEN DESIGN

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG • Write code to a make it pass • Simplest design • Refactor • Repeat • FAST!!! TEST-DRIVEN DESIGN • Write a failing Unit Test • 100% unit test coverage

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG • Write code to a make it pass • Simplest design • Refactor • Repeat • FAST!!! TEST-DRIVEN DESIGN • 100% unit test coverage

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG • Write code to a make it pass • Simplest design • Refactor • Repeat • FAST!!! TEST-DRIVEN DESIGN

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG • Write code to a make it pass • Simplest design • Refactor • Repeat • FAST!!! TEST-DRIVEN DESIGN

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG • Write code to a make it pass
 • Repeat
 
 
 TEST-DRIVEN • Simplest design • Refactor • Fast DESIGN

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG • Write code to a make it pass
 • Repeat
 
 
 TEST-DRIVEN • Refactor • Fast DESIGN

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG • Write code to a make it pass
 • Repeat
 
 
 TEST-DRIVEN • Fast DESIGN

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG • Write code to a make it pass
 • Repeat
 
 
 TEST-DRIVEN DESIGN

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG • Write code to a make it pass
 • Repeat
 
 
 TEST-DRIVEN

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG TDD Rebooted

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG TEST-DRIVEN DEVELOPMENT

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG • Learn the business domain • Analyze • Assess its complexity TEST-DRIVEN DEVELOPMENT

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG • Learn the business domain • Analyze • Assess its complexity • Design the solution • Business logic modeling pattern • Testing strategy TEST-DRIVEN DEVELOPMENT

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG • Learn the business domain • Analyze • Assess its complexity • Design the solution • Business logic modeling pattern • Testing strategy • Development • Start with a failing test (according to the testing strategy) • Make it pass • Refactor TEST-DRIVEN DEVELOPMENT

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG P.S.

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG

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16 – 17 November, Sofia ISTACON.ORG Thank you! @vladikk vladikk.com Vladik Khononov vladik@khononov.com