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Art  in  the  3rd  Dimension:     Architecture   Reading:   Ar,orms,  189-­‐205     Terms/Concepts:   func;on,  form,  structure,   compression,  stretching,   bending,  post  and  beam,  arch,   keystone,  arcade,  vault,  barrel   vault,  groin  vault,  dome,   squinch,  penden;ve,  buEress,   pier  buEress,  flying  buEress,   coffer.  

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Media  Lab   •  Friday  February  15  11:00-­‐3:00  Auraria  Library  206   •  Tuesday  February  19  2:00-­‐5:30  Auraria  Library  205     Materials  available:  oil  pastel,  chalk  pastel,  pen  &  ink,   pencil,  colored  pencil,  charcoal,  watercolor,  oil  paint,   and  acrylic  paint.  

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Quiz  #2  is  due  NEXT  TUESDAY  February  19th.     Media  Experimenta;on  is  due  Thursday   February  21st.     Your  Midterm  is  on  Thursday  February  28th.     Study  guide  will  be  released  this  Thursday   Reminders  

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Auguste  Rodin,  Burghers  of  Calais,  1889,   Victoria  Tower  Gardens,  London.    

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Space  

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Space  

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Space  

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Space  

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Space  

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Architecture:  Art  and  Science   “As  an  art,  architecture  both  creates  interior   spaces  and  wraps  them  in  an  expressive  shape.”     “As  a  science,  architecture  is  a  physical  problem:   How  does  a  structure  hold  up  its  own  weight   and  loads  placed  on  it”        -­‐-­‐Patrick  Frank,  Ar,orms,  189.  

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Key  Issue  for  Every  Building   1.  Func;on:  how  the  building  is  used.   2.  Form:  how  the  building  looks.   3.  Structure:  how  the  building  stands  up.  

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Key  Issue  for  Every  Building   1.  Func;on:  how  the  building  is  used.   2.  Form:  how  the  building  looks.   3.  Structure:  how  the  building  stands  up.  

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Forces  a  Structure  Works  with   1.  Compression  ()   2.  Tension  (  )   3.  Bending  ()  

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Forces  a  Structure  Works  with   1.  Compression  ()   2.  Tension  (  )   3.  Bending  ()  

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Forces  a  Structure  Works  with   1.  Compression  ()   2.  Tension  (  )   3.  Bending  ()  

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Structures:  Post  and  Beam   (Also  known  as  Post  and  Lintel)   Beam  (or  Lintel)   Post   Post   Example:  Stonehenge,  Salisbury,   England,  c.  2500  BCE   Post  and  Beam:  Weight  Distribu;on  

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Structures:  Post  and  Beam   (Also  known  as  Post  and  Lintel)   Beam  (or  Lintel)   Post   Post   Example:  Temple  of  Poseidon,   Athens,  c.  430  BCE     Post  and  Beam:  Weight  Distribu;on  

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Structures:  Post  and  Beam   (Also  known  as  Post  and  Lintel)   Beam  (or  Lintel)   Post   Post   Example:  Frank  Lloyd  Wright,  Ennis   House,  Los  Angeles,  1924.     Post  and  Beam:  Weight  Distribu;on  

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Structures:  Arches   Arches:  Weight  Distribu;on   Example:  Byzan;ne  Cathedral,  Jerada,   Syria,  5th  century  CE  

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Structures:  Arches   Arches:  Weight  Distribu;on   Example:  Great  Mosque  at  Cordoba,   Spain,  10th  century  CE  

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Structures:  Arches   Arches:  Weight  Distribu;on   Example:  Triumphal  Arch  of  Trajan,   Benevento,  Italy,  c.  98-­‐117  CE.  

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Structures:  Arches   Arcade:  Weight  Distribu;on  

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Structures:  Arches   Arcade  Example:  Pont  du  Gard  (Aqueduct),  France,  c.  1st   century  CE    

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Structures:  Vaults   Barrel  Vault   Groin  Vault  

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Structures:  Vaults   Barrel  Vault   Barrell  Vault  Example:   Arena  Chapel,  Padua,  Italy,   1303  CE    

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Structures:  Vaults   Groin  Vault   Palazzo  della  Ragione,   Venice,  Italy,  16th   century  

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Structures:  Domes   Dome  on  Squinches   Dome  on  Penden;ves   Dome  on  a  cylinder  

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Structures:  Domes   Dome  on  Squinches   Example:  Alai  Gate,  New  Delhi,  India,  1311.  

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Structures:  Domes   Dome  on  Penden;ves   Example:  Hagia  Sophia,  Istanbul,   Turkey,  563  CE.  

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Structures:  Domes   Dome  on  a  Cylinder   Example:  Dome  of  the  Rock,  Jerusalem,  693   CE  

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Structures:  BuEresses   Pier  BuEress   Flying  BuEress  

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Structures:  BuEresses   Pier  BuEress   Example:   Westminster  Abbey,   London,  c.  1245.    

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Structures:  BuEresses   Flying  BuEress   Example:  Cathedral  de  Notre   Dame,  Paris,    1163-­‐1345  CE.  

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Structures:  Suspension   Suspension  Structure   Example:  Jeppesen  Terminal  Building,   Denver  Interna;onal  Airport,  1994  

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Structures:  Shell   Shell  Structure   Example:  Jørn  Utzon,  Sydney  Opera   House,  Sydney,  Australia,  1957-­‐1973.  

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Materials  Innova;ons:  Stones   Inca  Stonework  (no  mortar),   Cuzco,  c.    13th  century  CE   Stonewall  with  Mortar  

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Material  Innova;ons:  Concrete   Concrete   Example:  Pantheon,  Rome,  126   CE    

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Material  Innova;ons:  Cast  Iron   Cast  Iron   Example:  Joseph  Paxton,   Crystal  Palace,  London,   1850-­‐1851.  

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Material  Innova;ons:  Steel   Steel  Beams   Example:  Ludwig  Mies  van  der  Rohe,     New  York,  1956-­‐1958  

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Key  Issue  for  Every  Building   1.  Func;on:  how  the  building  is  used.   2.  Form:  how  the  building  looks.   3.  Structure:  how  the  building  stands  up.  

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Ques;on:    How  does  a  building  interact        with  its  environment?   Frank  Lloyd  Wright,  Fallingwater  (The  Edgar  Kaufmann  Residence),  Bear   Run  Pennsylvania,  1936.  

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Ques;on:    How  does  a  building  interact        with  its  environment?   Frank  Lloyd  Wright,  Fallingwater  (The  Edgar  Kaufmann  Residence),  Bear  Run   Pennsylvania,  1936.  

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Ques;on:    How  does  a  building  interact        with  its  environment?   Johnson  Wax  Building,  Racine,  Wisconsin,  1936.  

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Ques;on:    How  does  a  building  interact        with  its  environment?   Johnson  Wax  Building,  Racine,  Wisconsin,  1936.  

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Ques;on:  How  does  the  viewer  fit  into  or  interact      with  the  space?   Human   Hagia  Sophia,  Istanbul,  Turkey,  c.  563  CE.  

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Ques;on:  How  does  the  viewer  interact  with  or  form      the  space?   Hagia  Sophia,  Istanbul,  Turkey,  c.  563  CE.   Agia  Dynami,  Athens,  Greece,  c.  15th   century  CE  

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Ques;on:  How  does  the  viewer  interact  with  or  form      the  space?   Hagia  Sophia,  Istanbul,  Turkey,  c.  563  CE.   Agia  Dynami,  Athens,  Greece,  c.  15th   century  CE  

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Ques;on:  How  does  the  form  of  the  building  echo  the        prac;cal  and  ideological  func;ons  of  the        building?   The  Roman  Basilica  

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Ques;on:  How  does  the  form  of  the  building  echo  the        prac;cal  and  ideological  func;ons  of  the        building?   The  Roman  Basilica,  a  reconstruc;on  of  Trajan’s  Basilica  Ulpia,  c.    

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Ques;on:  How  does  the  form  of  the  building  echo  the        prac;cal  and  ideological  func;ons  of  the        building?   The  Roman  Basilica,  a  reconstruc;on  of  Trajan’s   Basilica  Ulpia,  c.    

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Ques;on:  How  does  the  form  of  the  building  echo  the        prac;cal  and  ideological  func;ons  of  the        building?   The  Chris;an  Basilica.    

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Ques;on:  How  does  the  form  of  the  building  echo  the        prac;cal  and  ideological  func;ons  of  the        building?   The  Chris;an  Basilica,  Aula  PalaKna,   built  3rd  century  by  Constan;us   Chlorus,  converted  to  a  church  in   the  late  4th  century  

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Ques;on:  How  does  the  form  of  the  building  echo  the        prac;cal  and  ideological  func;ons  of  the        building?   Hagia  Sophia,  Istanbul,  Turkey,  c.  563  CE.  

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Ques;on:  How  does  the  form  of  the  building  echo  the        prac;cal  and  ideological  func;ons  of  the        building?   Frank  Gehry,  Disney  Concert  Hall,  Los  Angeles,  2003.  

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Ques;on:  How  does  the  form  of  the  building  echo  the        prac;cal  and  ideological  func;ons  of  the        building?   Frank  Lloyd  Wright,  Guggenheim  Museum,  New  York,  1959.  

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Ques;on:  How  does  the  form  of  the  building  echo  the        prac;cal  and  ideological  func;ons  of  the        building?   Frank  Lloyd  Wright,  Guggenheim  Museum,  New  York,  1959.  

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Ques;on:  How  does  architecture  correspond  to  art  in        other  media?   Le  Corbusier,  Villa  Savoye,  Poissy,  France,  1929.      

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Ques;on:  How  does  architecture  correspond  to  art  in        other  media?   Le  Corbusier,  Villa  Savoye,  Poissy,  France,  1929.      

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Ques;on:  How  does  architecture  correspond  to  art  in        other  media?   Le  Corbusier,  Villa  Savoye,  Poissy,  France,  1929.      

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Ques;on:  How  does  architecture  correspond  to  art  in        other  media?   William  van  Alen,  Chrysler  Building,  New  York  City,  1928-­‐1930.  

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Ques;on:  How  does  architecture  correspond  to  art  in        other  media?   Lawren  Harris,  Landscape,  1929.