Azure Sentinel ~ 導入から2ヶ月間の運用の肌感 ~

by fnifni

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Azure Sentinel Feeling of operation for two months At JAZUG # 24 2019.12.18

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Azure Sentinel ಋೖ͔Β2ϲ݄ؒͷӡ༻ͷഽײ JAZUG # 24 ʹͯ 2019.12.18

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Who Am I !?ʢ͓લ୭Αʁʣ • Hirokazu YoshidaˏCloud Native Inc. Security Engineer • Community - Security-JAWS • Favorite Azure Service https://www.fnifni.net/

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Μ͡Όɺຊ୊

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ATTENTION !!! • ຊηογϣϯͷ಺༰͸ɺݸਓͷҙݟͰ͋Γɺ ॴଐ͢Δ૊৫ɾஂମͷҙݟΛ୅ද͢Δ΋ͷͰ ͸͋Γ·ͤΜ • ӡ༻͢Δ૊৫ʹΑͬͯશ͘ҟͳΔײ૝ʹͳΔ Մೳੑ͕͋Γ·͢ • 2019/12/16࣌఺ͷݕূ݁Ռʹج͖ͮ·͢

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Topics not covered • ϥΠηϯεͷ࿩ • ଞࣾSIEMͱͷൺֱͷ࿩ • ϋϯςΟϯάͷਂ͍࿩ • Kustoͷ࿩

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օ͞Μ ϩάͬͯͲ͏ͯ͠·͢ʁ

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Common Interactions • ஷΊͯ·͢ʂ • Կ͔͋ͬͨΒݟΕ·͢ʂ • SIEMͰ෼ੳͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹͯ͠ΔΑʂ • Ξϥʔτ͕ग़ͨΒSIEMͰ෼ੳ෼ੳʂ

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Inconvenient fact • ϩάΛ෼ੳ͢Δख๏͕ܾ·ͬͯͳ͍ • ϩάΛ෼ੳ͢Δܖػ͕ܾ·ͬͯͳ͍ • Ξϥʔτͱϩάͷؔ܎ੑ͕Θ͔Βͳ͍ • ͦ΋ͦ΋Ξϥʔτ͕ଟ͗͢Δ • ΍ͬͱ෼ੳͰ͖͚ͨͲɺରԠ͸͜Ε͔Βɻɻɻ

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Ϋϥ΢υαʔϏεͷϩά΍ ΞϥʔτΛऩू/෼ੳͬͯ Ͳ͏͠Α͏ʁ

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Major services for MS365 and Azure logging and alerting • ϩά Azure AD, Azure Activity, Azure Information Protection, Ofﬁce365(SharePoint, Exchange) • Ξϥʔτ Microsoft Cloud App Security (MCAS) Microsoft Defender ATP (MDATP), Azure ATP, Azure Security Center, Azure Identity Protection

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Α͠ʂSIEMͷಋೖͩʂ

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Facts confronted with SIEM • ϩά෼ੳͷଞʹ΍Δ͜ͱ͕ࢁੵ • αʔόʔɺετϨʔδɺωοτϫʔΫͷߏங • εέʔϦϯάɺΫϥελϦϯάɺνϡʔχϯά • Πϯϑϥͷ؂ࢹɺอक • ΠϯϑϥͷηΩϡϦςΟઃܭͱઃఆ

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ࡴെͱͨ͠εϨʹݱΕͨͷ͕ Azure Sentinel

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What is Azure Sentinel ? • CloudܕSIEMʢϑϧϚωʔδυͷΠϯϑϥʣ • ๛෋ͳίωΫλͰ؆୯઀ଓ • ࣄલఆٛ͞ΕͨՄࢹԽςϯϓϨʔτͱ ΞϥʔτΫΤϦʢਵ࣌ߋ৽தʂʣ • GraphػೳͰGUIͰΞϥʔτͷ૬ؔΛ೺Ѳ

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ͦΜͳૉఢͳSentinelͱ 2ϲ݄ؒŘŧŒŘŧŒͨ͠࿩Λ͠·͢

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ಋೖظ

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A ﬁne start • σʔλιʔεͱͷίωΫλͷ઀ଓɺ෼ੳςϯϓϨʔτ ͷ༗ޮԽ(74ݸ)ɺϓϨΠϒοΫͰΞϥʔτ௨஌ઃఆ • ෼ੳςϯϓϨʔτɺϋϯςΟϯάςϯϓϨʔτͷ಺༰ ֬ೝ • υΩϡϝϯτಡΈͳ͕Βେମ̏೔͘Β͍ ʢ1೔3ʙ4࣌ؒʣ

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a small stumbling block • جຊతʹϙνϙν࡞ۀʢ͙͢ʹ๞͖Δʣ • ෼ੳςϯϓϨʔτͷ༗ޮԽ ->ϓϨΠϒοΫͷ ઃఆͱ͍͏ॱͰ࡞ۀΛͨ͠ • ༗ޮԽͨ͠෼ੳςϯϓϨʔτશͯʹɺ ϓϨΠϒοΫొ࿥͢Δ᠘͕͋ͬͨ

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What was good? • ͜Ε·Ͱ֤σʔλιʔεͷઃఆΛνϚνϚ ΍ͬͯͨͷ͕ޭΛ૗ͨ͠ • υΩϡϝϯτ͕͚ͬ͜͏਌੾ • άϩʔόϧ؅ཧऀͷݖݶͰૢ࡞Ͱ͖ͨ

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First impression • UI͕γϯϓϧͰɺػೳ͕೺Ѳ͠΍͍͢ (Կछྨ΋ʮϒοΫʯ͕͋ΔͷͰࠞཚ͸͢Δ) • ͙͢σʔλ͕ྲྀΕ͖ͯͯɺ͙͢ಈ͔ͤΔ • ࣄલఆٛՄࢹԽςϯϓϨʔτͰ͙͢ʹՄࢹԽ Ͱ͖Δ

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Ξϥʔτӡ༻ ։࢝ͯ͠ΈΔ

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Կ͕ى͖Δ͔ ࣮ྫΛগ͠঺հ

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Gap that can be easily found • Login to AWS Management Console without MFA • IdPͰผ్MFAΛઃఆ͍ͯ͠ΔͷͰAWS ͷίϯιʔϧʹ͸௚઀MFAͰೖͬͯͳ͍ • IdPͳͲͰSSO͍ͯ͠ͳ͍ਓ͸༗༻

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Gap that can be easily found • New UserAgent observed in last 24 hours • 24࣌ؒҎ಺ʹར༻͞ΕͨUAΛɺաڈ14೔ؒ ৼΓฦͬͯɺ৽͍͠΋ͷΛ௨஌͢Δ • ΄΅ຖ೔ग़Δ • ϒϥ΢βΞοϓσʔτɺCloudTrail͔Βଟ਺

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ී௨ʹ(?)͋Γ͕͍ͨ Ξϥʔτ΋͋Δ

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Amazing Alerts • Attempt to bypass conditional access rule in Azure AD • ৚݅෇͖ΞΫηεϧʔϧΛόΠύε͠Α͏ͱ ͍ͯ͠Δ • SEVERITY : Low

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What does this do? • GraphػೳͰΤϯςΟςΟΛΩʔʹ Ξϥʔτͷؔ࿈ੑΛ௚ײతʹදࣔ • ΞϥʔτͷτϦΞʔδͷखॿ͚ʹͳΔ • ؔ࿈෇͚ΔΤϯςΟςΟ • IP, Account, HostName, URL (૿͑Δ༧ఆ)

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ؔ࿈ੑ͸Θ͔ͬͨ ͚Ͳɺ͜ͷIPͬͯԿͳΜʁ

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What does this do? • ৄࡉΛ௥͍ͬͯ࣌͘͸ɺAzure Sentinel͚ͩͰ ͸ͳ͘ɺଞͷػೳ΋ซ༻ͨ͠ํ͕Θ͔Γ΍͢ ͍৔߹͕͋Δ • ͢΂ͯΛΫΤϦʔͰ෼ੳ͠ͳͯ͘΋ɺ ൑அ͢Δज़͕ෳ਺͋Δͱָʢ͔΋ʣ

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݁ہΞϥʔτΛ֬ೝͯ͠ ΞΫγϣϯ͢Δͷʁ

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SOARʹ͍ͭͯ

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What is SOAR ? • Security Orchestration Automation and Response • Cyber Security FrameworkͰ͸

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SOAR in Azure Sentinel • Logic AppΛ࢖ͬͯΞΫγϣϯΛఆٛͰ͖Δ • ૊ΈࠐΈͷίωΫλ΍ΞΫγϣϯ͕༻ҙ͞Ε ͍ͯͯɺ૊Έ߹ΘͤΔ͚ͩͰ࡞ΕΔ • ಈతίϯςϯπΛ૊ΈࠐΉ͜ͱͰɺΞϥʔτ ʹجͮ͘஋Λ૊ΈࠐΊΔ

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Conﬁguration Example

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Current SOAR Use Cases • ·ͣ͸ɺSlack௨஌͔Β • ΞϥʔτͷύʔϚϦϯΫ͕ૹΕͳ͍ͷͰ μογϡϘʔυͷURLΛϋʔυίʔυ(ٽ) • ΞϥʔτҰൃͰΞΧ΢ϯτ΍αʔόʔ͸ࢭΊΒΕͳ͍ • ఆܕతͳ௥Ճௐࠪ݁ՌͰΞϥʔτରԠิॿ͘Β͍ ͍͚ͨ͠Ͳɻɻɻ

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The reality is quite difﬁcult • Changes to AWS Security Group ingress and egress settings • มߋ಺༰Λಛఆ͢ΔΫΤϦΛ૊ΜͰ΋ɺ ݁ՌΛ࣍ͷΞΫγϣϯʹҾ͖౉ͤͳ͍ʁ • WebhookΛAPI Gateway + LambdaͰड͚ ͯɺCloudTrail EventͷύʔϚϦϯΫΛSlack ʹ౤ߘͱ͔͠ͳ͍ͱμϝʁ

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͍Ζ͍Ζࢼ͚ͨ͠Ͳɺ मߦ͕଍Γͳ͍ʀʀ

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ϋϯςΟϯάʹ͍ͭͯ

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What is Hunting ? • ͢Ͱʹ৵ೖ͞Εͯ͠·ͬͨڴҖΛɺϩάղੳ ΍ػցֶशͳͲΛ׆༻͢Δ͜ͱͰɺੵۃతʹ ङΓʢϋϯςΟϯάʣ͢Δख๏ • Ξϥʔτʹఆܗత • ϋϯςΟϯάʹඇఆܗ

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Hunting in Azure Sentinel • ࣄલఆٛͷϋϯςΟϯάΫΤϦʔ͕ 84ొ࿥͞Ε͍ͯΔ (ਵ࣌ߋ৽) • Cyber Kill Chainͷ֤ϑΣʔζʹଇͨ͠ ΫΤϦʔ͕༻ҙ͞Ε͍ͯΔ • Ұׅ࣮ߦ͕Մೳ

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How to use hunting now • ࣄલఆٛͷΫΤϦʔ͸ɺϋϯςΟϯάͷख͕͔ ΓͱͳΔಎ࡯ΛಘΔ • ॳΊ͸Ұׅ࣮ߦΛͯ͠ΈͯɺΧ΢ϯτ͕ग़ͨΫ ΤϦʔͷ಺༰Λ֬ೝ͢Δͱ͜Ζ͔Β • ֤૊৫ͷݸੑ͕৭ೱ͘ग़Δ෦෼ • ϊΠζ΋ؚΉͷͰɺղऍΛ੔ཧ͢Δͱ͜Ζ͔Β

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ϋϯςΟϯάͷલʹ σʔλͰ͢ΑͶ

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I found some interesting data

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Ͳ͏࢖͑ͦ͏͔ ߟ͑த

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ؓ࿩ٳ୊

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SIEMӡ༻ۀ຿ͱ ಇ͖ํվֵ

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SIEM operator saw • ӽޙ౬୔ͰӦۀ୲౰ͱZoomதʹΞϥʔτண৴ • Ӧۀ୲౰ͷࣗ୐σεΫτοϓ͕Brute ForceΛ ड͚͍ͯΔʢ51ճͷϩάΠϯࣦഊه࿥ʣ • ઀ଓݩIP͸192.168.1.6

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SIEM operator saw • ϗʔϜϧʔλʔͷDHCPϩά͸1࣌ؒอ࣋ • ϗʔϜϧʔλʔͷϑΝʔϜ͸࠷৽ • ௐࠪ։࢝࣌఺ͰωοτϫʔΫ্ʹ͸౰֘IPΛ Ϧʔε͞Ε͍ͯΔػث͸͍ͳ͍ • ൃੜ࣌ؒଳʹ৺౰ͨΓ͸ɾɾɾʁ

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What was going on? • ๭ήʔϜػͷͱ͋Δػೳ͕ɺอଘઌΛ୳ͨ͢ ΊʹωοτϫʔΫ্ͷػثʹguestͰϩάΠϯ ͠Α͏ͱ͍ͯͨ͠ʢσϑΥϧτಈ࡞ʣ • ಇ͖ํվֵ͕ਐΜͰɺͲ͜Ͱ΋࢓ࣄ͕Ͱ͖Δ Α͏ʹͳΔͱɺݸਓ؀ڥىҼͷΞϥʔτ΍τ ϥϒϧ͕ൃੜ͢ΔΑ͏ʹͳΔ

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ͳΔ΄Ͳ ӡ༻ͷΠϝʔδ͸Θ͔ͬͨ

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SIEMͷϢʔεέʔεͬͯ ͦΕ͚͚ͩͩͬʁ

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SIEM Use Cases • λʔήοτΛߜͬͨ߈ܸ΍σʔλ৵֐Λૣظ ʹݕग़͢ΔͨΊʹΠϕϯτɾσʔλΛϦΞϧ λΠϜͰ෼ੳ͠ɺΠϯγσϯτରԠɺՊֶ૞ ࠪɺن੍΁ͷίϯϓϥΠΞϯεͷͨΊʹϩ άɾσʔλΛऩूɺอଘɺௐࠪɺϨϙʔτ͢ ΔχʔζΛຬͨ͢΋ͷʢ˞ʣ (※)Magic Quadrant for Security Information and Event Management 2019 https://www.gartner.com/doc/reprints?id=1-5WEZABX&ct=181205&st=sb

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Պֶ૞ࠪ || ϑΥϨϯδοΫ

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Ϋϥ΢υ͚ͩ͡Όͳ͍ αʔόʔͷϩάͩͬͯ ͋ΔΜ΍Ͱʂ

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ΞʔΧΠϒͨ͠SyslogΛ ෼ੳ͍ͨ͠

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Inconvenient facts • ݱ࣌఺Ͱ͸ɺAzure Sentinelʹ͸ΞʔΧΠϒͨ͠ ϩάΛऔΓࠐΉΑ͏ͳίωΫλ͕ͳ͍ • ετϦʔϜͰྲྀΕͯ͘Δϩά͕લఏ • SyslogεΩʔϚʹద߹͠ͳ͍ϩά͸औΓࠐ·Ε ͳ͍ʢ͓ͦΒ͘ຆͲͷMW͸ରԠͯ͠ͳ͍ʁʣ

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ΞʔΧΠϒͨ͠SyslogΛ ετϦʔϜʹ͢Ε͹ ͍͍Μ͡ΌͶʁ

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SyslogεΩʔϚ͕৯͑ͳ͍ͳΒ ΧελϜϩάͰ৯͑͹ ͍͍Μ͡ΌͶʁ

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ΑΖ͍͠ ͳΒ͹࣮૷ͩ

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https://www.fnifni.net/azure-sentinel-cunstomlog/

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ΦϦδφϧͷλΠϜελϯϓͰ ΫΤϦʔͰ͖ͨʂ

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Inconvenient facts • ΧελϜϩάઃఆ࣌఺ͰɺλΠϜελϯϓΛઃఆ ͢ΔͱTimeGeneratedʹΦϦδφϧͷ࣌ࠁ͕ઃఆ Ͱ͖Δ • ΧελϜϑΟʔϧυΛઃఆͰ͖ͳ͍τϥϒϧ ͕ൃੜதʀʀ • อଘظؒͱͷઓ͍͕࢝·Γͦ͏ɻɻɻ

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·ͩ·ͩಓͷΓ͸ݥ͍͠

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͓·͚

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If you want to start now • ։࢝ؒ΋ͳ͍αʔϏεͰ͋Δ͍͔ͤɺ αϙʔτ͕ஸೡͳؾ͕͢Δ • Intuneʹ΋ͦΜͳ࣌୅͕͋Γ·ͨ͠ • ͍Ζ͍Ζࢼ͢ͳΒࠓ͔΋

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wrap up • ࢝ΊΔͷ͸ඇৗʹ؆୯ • ΠϯϑϥΛҙࣝ͢Δ͜ͱ͸֨ஈʹݮͬͨ • Ξϥʔτͷ૬͕ؔ௚ײత • SOAR͸ɺΞϥʔτ෼ੳͷิॿ͔Β • աڈσʔλͷ෼ੳ·ͰͷಓͷΓ͸·ͩݥ͍͠

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Thank you !