JVMアセンブラ言語

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JVMアセンブリ⾔語 2017೥7݄20೔ @takesection

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ࣗݾ঺հ ঙ࢘ॏथ Java/ScalaΤϯδχΞ Arduino΍PICͷΑ͏ͳ૊ࠐܥͷASMɺCɺC++΋޷͖

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JVMͷಛ௃ εέʔϥϏϦςΟ ϚϧνOS ϚϧνϓϥοτϑΥʔϜ ελοΫϚγϯ

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ελοΫݴޠ FORTH, PostScript %! % PostScript 100 200 moveto 300 600 lineto 500 200 lineto stroke

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ϦΞϧͳCPUͷ৔߹ɺPC(Program Counter)ɺStack Pointerɺ RegisterɺALU( Arithmetic Logic Unit)Λ͍࣋ͬͯΔ

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ελοΫͱ͸

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ελοΫσʔλߏ଄͸ɺ αϒϧʔνϯίʔϧ΍ׂ ࠐ࣌ͷঢ়ଶΛอଘ͢Δͷ ʹద͍ͯͯ͠ݹ͔Β࢖Θ Ε͖ͯͨߏ଄ɻ

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αϒϧʔνϯίʔϧ loop: call suba jmp loop; ᶃ suba: call subb ret; ᶄ subb: ret ᶃ call suba ᶄ call subb ᶃ ᶄ ret(subb)→ ᶃ ᶃ ret(suba) →

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JVMͷσʔλྖҬ The pc Register - ֤εϨου୯ҐͰอ࣋͞ΕΔ Java Virtual Machine Stacks - εϨου͸εϨουͷੜ੒ͱಉ࣌ʹੜ੒͞ΕΔϓ ϥΠϕʔτͳJava Virtual Machine StackΛ࣋ͭɻ͜ͷελοΫʹ͸Frame͕֨ೲ͞ΕΔ Run-Time Constant Pool - ࣮ߦ࣌ίϯελϯτɾϓʔϧ Method Area Heap Native Method Stacks

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FRAME ϝιου͕ىಈ͞ΕΔͨͼʹੜ੒͞Εɺىಈ͞Εͨϝιουͷऴྃʢਖ਼ৗɾ ్தऴྃʹؔ܎ͳ͘ʣͰഁغ͞ΕΔ Local Variables - ϩʔΧϧม਺΍αϒϧʔνϯίʔϧͷΞυϨεΛอ࣋͢Δ Operand Stacks - Φϖίʔυ͸ԋࢉର৅ͷ஋ΛLIFOͷελοΫΛओʹ࢖༻͢Δ Dynamic Linking - ࣮ߦ࣌ίϯελϯτɾϓʔϧ΁ͷࢀরΛอ࣋͢Δ Normal Method Invocation Completion Abrupt Method Invocation Completion

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ελοΫͷجຊతૢ࡞ PUSH POP DUP SWAP

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PUSH a a b push a push b

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POP a a b pop pop

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DUP a a push a dup a

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SWAP a swap b b a

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ྫ

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int add(int a, int b) { return a + b; } a 00: public class Foo { 01: public Foo(); 02: Code: 03: 0: aload_0 04: 1: invokespecial #1 05: 4: return 06: 07: static int add(int, int); 08: Code: 09: 0: iload_0 10: 1: iload_1 11: 2: iadd 12: 3: ireturn 13: 14: } 0 1 int int

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int add(int a, int b) { return a + b; } 00: public class Foo { 01: public Foo(); 02: Code: 03: 0: aload_0 04: 1: invokespecial #1 05: 4: return 06: 07: static int add(int, int); 08: Code: 09: 0: iload_0 10: 1: iload_1 11: 2: iadd 12: 3: ireturn 13: 14: } a 0 1 int int b

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int add(int a, int b) { return a + b; } Note: intܕͷreturn(ireturn)͸ɺελοΫ ͔Βint஋Λpop͠ɺݺͼग़͠ଆͷ ϑϨʔϜʹpush͢Δ 00: public class Foo { 01: public Foo(); 02: Code: 03: 0: aload_0 04: 1: invokespecial #1 05: 4: return 06: 07: static int add(int, int); 08: Code: 09: 0: iload_0 10: 1: iload_1 11: 2: iadd 12: 3: ireturn 13: 14: }

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INVOKE OVERVIEW invokevirtual - C++ʹ͓͚Δόʔνϟϧϝιουͷݺͼग़͠ͱಉ༷ʹɺର ৅Ϋϥεͷద੾ͳϝιουΛىಈ invokeintetface - ΠϯλʔϑΣʔεϝιουΛىಈ͢Δ invokedynamic - ಈతͳΫϥεੜ੒ͱΠϯελϯεੜ੒Λ࣮ߦ͢Δ invokestatic - Ϋϥε(static)ϝιουΛىಈ invokespecial - εʔύʔΫϥεɺϓϥΠϕʔτϝιουɺΠϯελϯεॳ ظԽϝιου()Λىಈ

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ྫ֎ catch΍ﬁnally͕࣮ߦ͢Δϋϯυϥʔͷ։࢝pcΞυϨε͸classϑΝΠϧத ͷCodeΞτϦϏϡʔτʹఆٛ͞ΕΔexception_table഑ྻʹهड़͞ΕΔ Java Virutual Machine͸νΣοΫྫ֎ͱϥϯλΠϜྫ֎΍ΤϥʔΛ۠ผ͠ ͍ͯͳ͍ɺ·ͨΫϥεϑΝΠϧϩʔυ࣌ʹ΋͜ͷ͜ͱʹΑΔνΣοΫ ΛߦΘͳ͍ɻ͕ͨͬͯ͠ɺthrows΍catch͕ͳ͍৔߹Ͱ΋ͲΜͳྫ֎Λ εϩʔͯ͠΋໰୊͸ͳ͍ɻScala͸ͦͷͨΊthrowsએݴʹ͋ͨΔ΋ͷ͕ ͳ͍(31.2.2 ౤͛ΒΕͨྫ֎ʰScalaεέʔϥϒϧϓϩάϥϛϯάୈ3 ൛ʱ)

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JSR, JSR_W, RET jsr, jsr_w - ϝιου಺ͷαϒϧʔνϯίʔϧͷͨΊͷΠϯε τϥΫγϣϯ(returnAddressܕΛOperand Stacksʹpush͢Δ) ret - αϒϧʔνϯίʔϧ͔Βͷ෮ؼͷͨΊͷΠϯετϥΫ γϣϯ(returnAddressΛLocal Variables͔Βऔಘ͢Δ) ﬁnallyઅͷ࣮૷தͰ͔ͭΘΕ͍ͯΔ

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ελοΫϚγϯͰѻ͑Δܕ 32bitͷ஋Λѻ͏Category 1ͱ64bitͷ஋Λѻ͏Category 2͕͋ Δ ΦϒδΣΫτͷΠϯελϯε͸Category 1ͷreferenceܕͰද ͞ΕΔ

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࣮ࡍͷܕ (ACTUAL TYPE) ܭࢉ্ͷܕ (COMPUTATIONAL TYPE) CATEGORY boolean int 1 byte int 1 char int 1 short int 1 int int 1 ﬂoat ﬂoat 1 reference reference 1 returnAddress returnAddress 1 long long 2 double double 2

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NEW new - ৽ͨͳΦϒδΣΫτΛੜ੒͢Δ(͜ͷΠϯετϥΫ γϣϯ͸৽ͨͳΠϯελϯεΛ׬શʹੜ੒͢Δ΋ͷͰ͸ͳ ͍)

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഑ྻ ഑ྻͷੜ੒͸ΠϯετϥΫγϣϯͰಛผѻ͍͞Ε͍ͯΔ (anewarray, newarray, multianewarray)

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Ξηϯϒϥίʔυ

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package com.pigumer; public class Foo { static int add(int a, int b) throws java.lang.RuntimeException { return a + b; } void foo() { } public void bar(int a, int b) { try { add(a, b); } ﬁnally { foo(); } } }

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Compiled from "Foo.java" public class com.pigumer.Foo { public com.pigumer.Foo(); Code: 0: aload_0 1: invokespecial #1 // Method java/lang/Object."":()V 4: return LineNumberTable: line 3: 0 LocalVariableTable: Start Length Slot Name Signature 0 5 0 this Lcom/pigumer/Foo; static int add(int, int) throws java.lang.RuntimeException; Code: 0: iload_0 1: iload_1 2: iadd 3: ireturn LineNumberTable: line 6: 0 LocalVariableTable: Start Length Slot Name Signature 0 4 0 a I 0 4 1 b I void foo(); Code: 0: return LineNumberTable: line 10: 0 LocalVariableTable: Start Length Slot Name Signature 0 1 0 this Lcom/pigumer/Foo;

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public void bar(int, int); Code: 0: iload_1 1: iload_2 2: invokestatic #2 // Method add:(II)I 5: pop 6: aload_0 7: invokevirtual #3 // Method foo:()V 10: goto 20 13: astore_3 14: aload_0 15: invokevirtual #3 // Method foo:()V 18: aload_3 19: athrow 20: return Exception table: from to target type 0 6 13 any LineNumberTable: line 14: 0 line 16: 6 line 17: 10 line 16: 13 line 18: 20 LocalVariableTable: Start Length Slot Name Signature 0 21 0 this Lcom/pigumer/Foo; 0 21 1 a I 0 21 2 b I }

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ADD(ྫࢀর) static int add(int, int) throws java.lang.RuntimeException; Code: 0: iload_0 1: iload_1 2: iadd 3: ireturn LineNumberTable: line 6: 0 LocalVariableTable: Start Length Slot Name Signature 0 4 0 a I 0 4 1 b I

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ίϯετϥΫλ public com.pigumer.Foo(); Code: 0: aload_0 1: invokespecial #1 // Method java/lang/Object."":()V 4: return LineNumberTable: line 3: 0 LocalVariableTable: Start Length Slot Name Signature 0 5 0 this Lcom/pigumer/Foo;

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public com.pigumer.Foo(); Code: 0: aload_0 1: invokespecial #1 // Method java/lang/Object."":()V 4: return LineNumberTable: line 3: 0 LocalVariableTable: Start Length Slot Name Signature 0 5 0 this Lcom/pigumer/Foo; reference 0 reference

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STATICϝιουͷ࣮ߦ

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VIRTUALϝιουͷ࣮ߦ InvokeVirtual

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ྫ֎ɺFINALLY exception_table[]ʹࢦఆ͞ΕͨΞυϨε಺ͷίʔυͰεϩʔ ͞Εͨྫ֎ͷϋϯυϥʔͷࢦఆʹΑΓྫ֎࣌ͷίʔυ͕࣮ ߦ͞ΕΔɻ ※ end_pc͕ࣗ਎ͷ஋ΛؚΜͰ͍ͳ͍ͷ͸ɺJava Virtual Machineͷઃܭʹ͓͚Δྺ࢙తͳաͪͱ͞Ε͍ͯΔɻ

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Throwable public void bar(int, int); Code: 0: iload_1 1: iload_2 2: invokestatic #2 // Method add:(II)I 5: pop 6: aload_0 7: invokevirtual #3 // Method foo:()V 10: goto 20 13: astore_3 14: aload_0 15: invokevirtual #3 // Method foo:()V 18: aload_3 19: athrow 20: return Exception table: from to target type 0 6 13 any LineNumberTable: line 14: 0 line 16: 6 line 17: 10 line 16: 13 line 18: 20 LocalVariableTable: Start Length Slot Name Signature 0 21 0 this Lcom/pigumer/Foo; 0 21 1 a I 0 21 2 b I } b a this 0 1 2 3

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ྫ֎ϋϯυϥʔ The Java Virtual Machine Speciﬁcation, Java SE 8 Edition ʹهࡌ͞ Ε͍ͯΔྫ

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0 aload_0 1 invokevirtual #6 4 jsr 14 7 return 8 astore_1 9 jsr 14 12 aload_1 13 athrow 14 astore_2 15 aload_0 16 invokevirtual #5 19 ret 2 Exception table: From To Target 0 4 8 any void tryFinally() { try { tryItOut(); } ﬁnally { wrapItUp(); } } 0 1 2 this

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0 aload_0 1 invokevirtual #6 4 jsr 14 7 return 8 astore_1 9 jsr 14 12 aload_1 13 athrow 14 astore_2 15 aload_0 16 invokevirtual #5 19 ret 2 Exception table: From To Target 0 4 8 any 0 1 2 this Throwable

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0 aload_0 1 invokevirtual #6 4 jsr 14 7 return 8 astore_1 9 jsr 14 12 aload_1 13 athrow 14 astore_2 15 aload_0 16 invokevirtual #5 19 ret 2 Exception table: From To Target 0 4 8 any 0 1 2 Throwable this

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returnAddress 0 aload_0 1 invokevirtual #6 4 jsr 14 7 return 8 astore_1 9 jsr 14 12 aload_1 13 athrow 14 astore_2 15 aload_0 16 invokevirtual #5 19 ret 2 Exception table: From To Target 0 4 8 any Throwable 0 1 2 this

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0 aload_0 1 invokevirtual #6 4 jsr 14 7 return 8 astore_1 9 jsr 14 12 aload_1 13 athrow 14 astore_2 15 aload_0 16 invokevirtual #5 19 ret 2 Exception table: From To Target 0 4 8 any returnAddress Throwable 0 1 2 this

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0 aload_0 1 invokevirtual #6 4 jsr 14 7 return 8 astore_1 9 jsr 14 12 aload_1 13 athrow 14 astore_2 15 aload_0 16 invokevirtual #5 19 ret 2 Exception table: From To Target 0 4 8 any this returnAddress Throwable 0 1 2 this

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0 aload_0 1 invokevirtual #6 4 jsr 14 7 return 8 astore_1 9 jsr 14 12 aload_1 13 athrow 14 astore_2 15 aload_0 16 invokevirtual #5 19 ret 2 Exception table: From To Target 0 4 8 any Throwable returnAddress Throwable 0 1 2 this

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0 aload_0 1 invokevirtual #6 4 jsr 14 7 return 8 astore_1 9 jsr 14 12 aload_1 13 athrow 14 astore_2 15 aload_0 16 invokevirtual #5 19 ret 2 Exception table: From To Target 0 4 8 any 0 1 2

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NEW

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package com.pigumer; public class Bar { public static void main(String[] args) { Foo foo = new Foo(); Baz baz = a -> a + 1; System.out.println(baz.baz(3)); } }

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Compiled from "Bar.java" public class com.pigumer.Bar { public com.pigumer.Bar(); Code: 0: aload_0 1: invokespecial #1 // Method java/lang/Object."":()V 4: return LineNumberTable: line 3: 0 LocalVariableTable: Start Length Slot Name Signature 0 5 0 this Lcom/pigumer/Bar; public static void main(java.lang.String[]); Code: 0: new #2 // class com/pigumer/Foo 3: dup 4: invokespecial #3 // Method com/pigumer/Foo."":()V 7: astore_1 8: invokedynamic #4, 0 // InvokeDynamic #0:baz:()Lcom/pigumer/Baz; 13: astore_2 14: getstatic #5 // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream; 17: aload_2 18: iconst_3 19: invokeinterface #6, 2 // InterfaceMethod com/pigumer/Baz.baz:(I)I 24: invokevirtual #7 // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(I)V 27: return LineNumberTable: line 6: 0 line 8: 8 line 9: 14 line 10: 27 LocalVariableTable: Start Length Slot Name Signature 0 28 0 args [Ljava/lang/String; 8 20 1 foo Lcom/pigumer/Foo; 14 14 2 baz Lcom/pigumer/Baz;

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private static int lambda$main$0(int); Code: 0: iload_0 1: iconst_1 2: iadd 3: ireturn LineNumberTable: line 8: 0 LocalVariableTable: Start Length Slot Name Signature 0 4 0 a I }

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public static void main(java.lang.String[]); Code: 0: new #2 // class com/pigumer/Foo 3: dup 4: invokespecial #3 // Method com/pigumer/Foo."":()V 7: astore_1 8: invokedynamic #4, 0 // InvokeDynamic #0:baz:()Lcom/pigumer/Baz; 13: astore_2 14: getstatic #5 // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream; 17: aload_2 18: iconst_3 19: invokeinterface #6, 2 // InterfaceMethod com/pigumer/Baz.baz:(I)I 24: invokevirtual #7 // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(I)V 27: return LineNumberTable: line 6: 0 line 8: 8 line 9: 14 line 10: 27 LocalVariableTable: Start Length Slot Name Signature 0 28 0 args [Ljava/lang/String; 8 20 1 foo Lcom/pigumer/Foo; 14 14 2 baz Lcom/pigumer/Baz; args 0 1 2 Foo #2 = Class #21 // com/pigumer/Foo

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INVOKE InvokeDynamic InvokeInterface

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InnerClasses: public static ﬁnal #62= #61 of #65; //Lookup=class java/lang/invoke/ MethodHandles$Lookup of class java/lang/invoke/MethodHandles BootstrapMethods: 0: #34 invokestatic java/lang/invoke/LambdaMetafactory.metafactory:(Ljava/lang/invoke/ MethodHandles$Lookup;Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/invoke/MethodType;Ljava/lang/invoke/ MethodType;Ljava/lang/invoke/MethodHandle;Ljava/lang/invoke/MethodType;)Ljava/lang/ invoke/CallSite; Method arguments: #35 (I)I #36 invokestatic com/pigumer/Bar.lambda$main$0:(I)I #35 (I)I

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JVMΞηϯϒϥΛѻ͏ϥΠϒϥϦ BCEL - https://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-bcel/ ASM - http://asm.ow2.org/ invokedynamic ࢀߟࢿྉ https://www.slideshare.net/miyakawataku/lambda-meets- invokedynamic