マイクロサービスの思想から捉える Backends for Frontendsとその類似パターン / Backends for Frontends and its similar pattern from the microservices perspective

by qsona

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ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͷࢥ૝͔Βଊ͑Δ #BDLFOETGPS'SPOUFOETͱͦͷྨࣅύλʔϯ ৿ٱଠ࿠!RTPOB גࣜձࣾ'J/$ 6*55IFl#BDLFOETGPS'SPOUFOETzTIBSJOH

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ࣗݾ঺հ 2 • ໊લ৿ٱଠ࿠ !RTPOB • גࣜձࣾ'J/$ • ओʹαʔόαΠυΤϯδχΞ ͓खॊΒ͔ʹʂ • #''ྺ೥൒ ʙ • .JDSPTFSWJDFT.FFUVQओ࠵

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ΞδΣϯμ 3 ‣ ষ#''ͱ͸ɺͦͷҐஔ͚ͮͱ໨త ‣ ষ#''ͱϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͷؔ܎ੑ ‣ ষ#''ͱͦͷྨࣅύλʔϯͷ࣮ફ

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ΞδΣϯμ 4 ▾ ষ#''ͱ͸ɺͦͷҐஔ͚ͮͱ໨త ‣ #''ͱ͸ʁ ‣ #''ͷཱͪҐஔ ‣ #''ͷ໨తɾղܾ͢Δ՝୊ ‣ ষ#''ͱϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͷؔ܎ੑ ‣ ষ#''ͱͦͷྨࣅύλʔϯͷ࣮ફ

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#''ͱ͸ʁ 5 • ࢲݟ#'' #BDLFOETGPS'SPOUFOET ʹ͸  গ͠༻ޠͷࠞཚ͕͋ΔΑ͏ʹࢥ͏ • ʮ4FSWFSTGPS'SPOUFOETʯ͕ΑΓ࣮ଶʹ͍ۙ • 'SPOUFOE#BDLFOE࿦ཧతͳ෼ྨ • $MJFOU4FSWFS෺ཧతͳ෼ྨ

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#''ͷཱͪҐஔ 6 • ࿦ཧత͸'SPOUFOEʹҐஔ͠ɺ෺ཧతʹ͸4FSWFSͰ͋Δ

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#''ͷ໨తɾղܾ͢Δ՝୊ 7 • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͷ"1*܈Λɺ6*޲͚ʹ߹੒͢Δ • ͜ͷൃදͰ͸͜ΕΛ۷ΓԼ͛Δ • ͦͷଞʹ΋͍Ζ͍Ζ͋Δ • Ωϟογϡ 6*ϨΠϠͷ"#ςετ FUD • ࠓ೔͸͍ΖΜͳࣄྫ͕ݟΕΔ͸ͣʂ

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ΞδΣϯμ 8 ‣ ষ#''ͱ͸ɺͦͷҐஔ͚ͮͱ໨త ▾ ষ#''ͱϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͷؔ܎ੑ ‣ ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͱ͸ʁ ‣ ΫϥΠΞϯτͱϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͷؔ܎ ‣ ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͷ౷߹ͷํ๏ ‣ ষ#''ͱͦͷྨࣅύλʔϯͷ࣮ફ

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ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͱ͸ʁ 9 • ڠௐͯ͠ಈ࡞͢Δɺখن໛Ͱࣗ཯తͳαʔϏε • ֤ϏδωεΛ୲౰͢ΔνʔϜ͕ɺಠཱʹϦϦʔεαΠΫ ϧΛ࣋ͪɺߴ଎ʹ1%$"Λճ͢͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ • 'J/$ͷαʔϏεΛྫʹͱͬͯઆ໌͢Δ • 'J/$͸໿ݸͷϚΠΫϩαʔϏεΛӡ༻த

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10 'J/$ͷϓϩμΫτ ʙϔϧεέΞɾඒ༰ʹಛԽͨ͠&$αΠτʙ Ҩ఻ࢠ৘ใ ݂ӷݕࠪ݁Ռ ݈਍σʔλ νϟοτ ໰͍߹Θͤ ߪങཤྺ ޿ࠂ৘ใ౳ ϩάΠϯ࣌ؒ ར༻ස౓ ੜମ৘ใɾ׆ಈσʔλ ҩྍɾݕࠪσʔλ ߦಈཤྺ ͓೰Έ า਺ɾ׆ಈྔ ݂ѹ ମௐɾؾ෼ ৯ࣄ࣌ؒɾ಺༰ ਭ຾ɾब৸࣌ؒ ମॏɾମ૊੒ ੜཧ ੜ׆श׳ ʙϨγϐϑΟοτωεϥΠϑϋοΫ౳ͷಈըίϯςϯ πʙ ࢟੎ ʙ'J/$๏ਓɾ݈อ޲͚΢ΣϧωειϦϡʔγϣϯʙ

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'J/$ͷϓϩμΫτͱϚΠΫϩαʔϏε 11 • ֤ϓϩμΫτ͕ɺߋʹ༷ʑͳػೳΛ಺แ͍ͯ͠Δ • ྫ'J/$ΞϓϦ • ϥΠϑϩά า਺ ਭ຾ FUD • ϑΟοτωεத৺ͷಈըϝσΟΞ • ίϛϡχςΟػೳ • QVTI௨஌ ΦϯϘʔσΟϯά ͳͲ • ֤ػೳ͸૬ޓʹ࿈ܞ͍ͯ͠Δ • ྫา͘ͱϙΠϯτ͕΋Β͑Δ'J/$ϞʔϧͰ࢖͑Δ • "1*࿈ܞඇಉظΠϕϯτ࿈ܞ

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'J/$ͷϓϩμΫτͱϚΠΫϩαʔϏε 12 • ֤ػೳ͸ɺಠཱͯ͠େ͖ͳϏδωεʹҭ͍ͯͨ • 'J/$ͷϓϩμΫτͷػೳʹ͸ɺ୯ମͰ΋ࣄۀʹͳΓ͏Δ΋ ͷ͕ͨ͘͞Μ͋Δ • ͦΕΒΛಠཱͯ͠αʔϏεʹ੾Γग़͢͜ͱͰɺνʔϜ͕ ࣗ཯ɾಠཱͯ͠։ൃϦϦʔεαΠΫϧΛճ͠ɺߴ଎ʹ 1%$"͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ

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• ϞϊϦγοΫαʔϏεͷ৔߹ • ΫϥΠΞϯτOαʔϏε ΫϥΠΞϯτͱαʔϏεͷؔ܎ 13

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• ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͷ৔߹ • ΫϥΠΞϯτONαʔϏε ΫϥΠΞϯτͱαʔϏεͷؔ܎ 14

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• ͜ͷਤͷΑ͏ʹɺ௚઀΍ΓͱΓ͢ΔͱͲ͏ͳΔ͔ʁ ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͷ౷߹ͷํ๏ 15

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௚઀΍ΓͱΓ͢Δ 16 • ໰୊఺ΫϥΠΞϯτʹछʑͷෳࡶ͕͋͞Δ • ༷ʑͳϗετΛ௚઀஌Βͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ͍ • ը໘Λߏ੒͢Δͷʹෳ਺ճ"1*ϦΫΤετ͕ඞཁ • ୯Ұͷ#BDLFOEͰ͋Ε͹ɺ(SBQI2-͕Ұͭͷղܾࡦ • ෳ਺ͷϚΠΫϩαʔϏε΁ͷݺͼग़͠͸ґવͱͯ͠໰୊ • ղܾࡦதؒ૚ʹαʔόΛ഑ஔʁ

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"1*(BUFXBZύλʔϯ 17 • ͢΂ͯͷαʔϏεΛू໿͠ɺ'SPOUFOE޲͚ʹఏڙ͢Δ  ϨΠϠ

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"1*(BUFXBZύλʔϯ 18 • ,POHͳͲͷ"1*(BUFXBZ੡඼͕͋Δ • "1*ू໿ͷଞʹ΋ɺೝূɺྲྀྔ੍ޚͳͲΛ΍ͬͯ͘ΕΔ • جຊతʹ͸#BDLFOEͷΤϯδχΞ͕؅ཧ͢Δ΋ͷ

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"1*(BUFXBZύλʔϯ 19 • "1*(BUFXBZʹಠࣗͷϩδοΫ͸࣋ͨͤʹ͍͘ • ϩδοΫΛ࣋ͭͱɺڊେͳ݁߹ϨΠϠʹͳΓɺΫϥΠΞϯ τͷ૿Ճʹରͯ͠εέʔϧ͠ͳ͍ • ༷ʑͳϩδοΫ͕ฆΕࠐΈ΍͘͢ͳΓɺ݁ՌతʹϚΠΫϩ αʔϏεͷಠཱੑΛ્֐͠΍͍͢ • 'SPOUFOE͕ࣗ༝ʹ࢖͑ΔϨΠϠͰ͸ͳ͍ • ෳ਺ͷϦιʔεΛϦΫΤετͰฒྻʹऔಘɺ͸  Ͱ͖Δ ੡඼΋͋Δ • ෳ਺ͷϦιʔεΛϚʔδͯ͠ฦ͢ɺͳͲ͸Ͱ͖ͳ͍

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#''ύλʔϯ 20 • ΫϥΠΞϯτ͝ͱʹɺར༻͢ΔαʔϏεΛू໿͢Δ

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#''ύλʔϯ 21 • "1*(BUFXBZύλʔϯͱ͸ࣅͯඇͳΔ΋ͷ • αʔϏεଆ͕ू໿ͯ͠ఏڙ͢ΔͷͰ͸ͳ͘ɺ  ϑϩϯτΤϯυଆ͕ࣗ෼ͰબΜͰू໿͍ͯ͠Δ • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͷࣗ཯ੑ͕อͨΕΔ • ϑϩϯτΤϯυͷࣗ༝౓͕ߴ͍

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'SPOUFOE❤#''❤#BDLFOE

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#''ͷ஫ҙ఺ 23 • ຊདྷ͸όοΫΤϯυͰ΍Δ΂͖ϩδοΫΛ  #''ʹ࣋ͨͳ͍Α͏ʹ͢Δ • ྑ͘ͳ͍ྫ#''Ͱߋ৽ॲཧΛΦʔέετϨʔγϣϯ • ͍ͣΕ͔ͷόοΫΤϯυαʔϏε͕Ұٛతʹߋ৽ॲཧΛड ͚ɺͦͷαʔϏε͕ඇಉظΠϕϯτΛൃߦ͠ଞαʔϏεʹ ఻೻ͤ͞ΔͱΑ͍ • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεශ݂঱ʹ஫ҙ • ۃྗόοΫΤϯυʹدͤΔҙࣝ

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͜͜Ͱએ఻ 24 • ٕज़ॻయͰʮ.JDSPTFSWJDFTBSDIJUFDUVSFΑΖͣຊʯ ͱ͍͏ಉਓࢽΛग़͠·ͨ͠ • 'J/$ͷΤϯδχΞਓͷڞஶ • ඇಉظΞʔΩςΫνϟ΍.JDSP'SPOUFOETͷ࿩ͳͲΛղઆ ͍ͯ͠·͢ʂ

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ΞδΣϯμ 25 ‣ ষ#''ͱ͸ɺͦͷҐஔ͚ͮͱ໨త ‣ ষ#''ͱϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͷؔ܎ੑ ‣ ষ#''ͱͦͷྨࣅύλʔϯͷ࣮ફ ‣ 'J/$ͷ৽ࣄྫ#''GPSJ04"OESPJE"QQ ‣ .JDSP'SPOUFOET

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ΞδΣϯμ 26 ‣ ষ#''ͱ͸ɺͦͷҐஔ͚ͮͱ໨త ‣ ষ#''ͱϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͷؔ܎ੑ ‣ ষ#''ͱͦͷྨࣅύλʔϯͷ࣮ફ ‣ 'J/$ͷ৽ࣄྫ#''GPSJ04"OESPJE"QQ ‣ .JDSP'SPOUFOET

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ߏ੒ਤ 27

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J04"OESPJEͰͭͷ#'' 28 • J04"OESPJEͰجຊతʹಉ͡ΞϓϦΛఏڙ͍ͯ͠Δ • ػೳɺը໘ߏ੒ɺભҠͳͲ͸ಉ͡ • ࡉ͔͍6*͸ϓϥοτϑΥʔϜ͝ͱʹҟͳΔ͕ɺ  ͜Ε͸$MJFOUଆ͕୲౰͢Δɻ#''ͷ੹຿Ͱ͸ͳ͍ • #''͕୲౰͢ΔϨΠϠ͸ɺΉ͠Ζڞ௨Խ͔ͨͬͨ͠ • %PNBJO%SJWFO%FTJHOͰݴ͏ͱ͜Ζͷ 3FQPTJUPSZ૚ͱ ͯ͠%PNBJO0CKFDUΛฦ͢ͱ͜Ζ·ͰΛຊ౰͸୲౰͍ͨ͠ • ݴޠͷน͸·ͨ͛ͳ͍ͷͰ׬શͳ%PNBJO0CKFDUΛฦ͢ͷ ͸ແཧ͕ͩɾɾɾ

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8IZH31$ 29 • 31$ܗࣜͷݺͼग़͠ʹ͔ͨͬͨ͠ • ਖ਼֬ʹ͸ʮ3&45GVM͸ආ͚͔ͨͬͨʯ͔΋ • ఏڙͷ໨త͕୯ҰͰ͋ΓɺΫϥΠΞϯτΛڧ͘ҙࣝͨ͠"1* ʹͯ͠໰୊ͳ͍ Ή͠Ζ͢Δ΂͖ • 3&45GVMతͳ"1*ʹ͢Δͱɺ$MJFOUͰ΋+40/ΛϚοϓ͢Δίʔ υ͕ଟ͘ඞཁʹͳΔ • J04"OESPJEͰͷ࣮૷ͷࠩ෼ΛͳΔ΂͘ͳ͍ͨ͘͠ • ʮ#''͸31$తͳ"1*ఏڙΛ͢΂͖ͩʯͱ͍͏ࡶͳఏىΛ ͓ͯ͘͠ͷͰɺ࠙਌ձͱ͔Ͱٞ࿦͍ͨ͠ • ܕ΋ཉ͔ͬͨ͠ 1SPUPDPM#VGGFST

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8IZ,PUMJO 30 • 'SPOUFOEͷΤϯδχΞ͕ॻ͘͜ͱΛڧ͘ҙ͍ࣝͯ͠Δ • "OESPJEͰ͸,PUMJOΛ࠾༻͍ͯ͠Δ • J04 4XJGU ͔Βͷֶशίετ΋௿͍ • ʮฒྻॲཧʯͷཁ݅΋ΫϦΞͰ͖Δ • $PSPVUJOFTBSFFYQFSJNFOUBMJO,PUMJO • ฒྻॲཧ͸ɺ#''Ͱ͸΄΅ඞਢཁ݅Ͱ͋Δ • ฒྻॲཧͰ͍͑͹(P΍/PEFKTͷ͕ݱঢ়͸্

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ΞδΣϯμ 31 ‣ ষ#''ͱ͸ɺͦͷҐஔ͚ͮͱ໨త ‣ ষ#''ͱϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͷؔ܎ੑ ‣ ষ#''ͱͦͷྨࣅύλʔϯͷ࣮ફ ‣ 'J/$ͷ৽ࣄྫ#''GPSJ04"OESPJE"QQ ‣ .JDSP'SPOUFOET

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ڀۃͷϚΠΫϩαʔϏε 32 • αʔϏε͕ಠཱͷσϓϩΠαΠΫϧΛ࣋ͪɺ  Ϗδωεͷ1%$"Λߴ଎ʹճͤΔ • Ϗδωε͸όοΫΤϯυ͚ͩͰ͸ͳ͍ • 6*΋Ϗδωεʹؚ·ΕΔ͸ͣ • νʔϜͷதʹ#BDLFOE୲౰ 'SPOUFOE୲౰͕͍ͯ  ڠྗ͍ͯ͠Δͷ͕ཧ૝ Ή͠Ζී௨ʁ • #''͸'SPOUFOEνʔϜͷ࣋ͪ෺͚ͩͲɺ  'SPOUFOEνʔϜ͸ͦ΋ͦ΋ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͷཧ૝ͱ ൓͢Δʂ

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αʔϏε͕6*΋ఏڙʁ 33 • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏε͕6*ίϯϙʔωϯτΛఏڙ͢Δ • $MJFOU͕ͦΕΛ౷߹͢Δ

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JGSBNF 34 • JGSBNFΛར༻͢Ε͹Ͱ͖Δ • ֤αʔϏε͸௨ৗͷ)5.-Λఏڙ͢Δ • QPTU.FTTBHFͰ΍ΓͱΓ͢Δ

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ڀۃͷ.JDSP'SPOUFOET 35 • ͦΕ8FC$PNQPOFOUTͰͰ͖ΔΑ • ֤αʔϏε͸$VTUPN&MFNFOUTΛఏڙ͢Δ • $VTUPN&WFOUTͰ΍ΓͱΓ͢Δ

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.JDSP'SPOUFOETͷ໰୊ͱରࡦ 36 • 6* 69 ͷҰ؏ੑΛ୲อ͢Δͷ͕೉͍͠ • ΨΠυϥΠϯ΍6*ϥΠϒϥϦͰରॲ • খ͞ͳ'SPOUFOEνʔϜ͕  $MJFOUͱελΠϧΨΠυΛϝϯςφϯε͢Δ

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.JDSP'SPOUFOETͷ͓ؾ࣋ͪ 37 • αʔϏεͷಠཱੑͱҰ؏ੑ͸ຊ࣭తʹτϨʔυΦϑ • τϨʔυΦϑΛཧղ͠ɺͦΕͧΕͰద੾ͳબ୒Λ • #''ͱͷϋΠϒϦουख๏΋औΕΔ • αʔϏεͷڥքͰ6*͕໌֬ʹ෼͔ΕΔ΋ͷ͸ɺ  αʔϏε͕6*΋࣋ͭ • ͦ͏Ͱͳ͍΋ͷ͸#''Ͱ"1*߹੒

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ϋΠϒϦουख๏ 38

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8FCҎ֎ͷ࿩ 39 • ωΠςΟϒΞϓϦͰ͸ʁ • جຊతʹ͸ αʔϏε͕6*Λ௚઀ఏڙͰ͖ͳ͍ • $MJFOUͷϞδϡʔϧԽΛۃྗϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͷ୯Ґʹ  ߹Θ͍ͤͯ͘ • ৔߹ʹΑͬͯ͸8FC7JFX΋͋Δ

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·ͱΊ 40 • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏε͸ɺ֤ϏδωεΛಠཱͯ͠ߴ଎ʹ1%$" Λճ͍ͯͨ͘͠Ίͷख๏ • #''͸ɺϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͷ"1*౷߹Λߦ͏ • ֤'SPOUFOEͷॴ༗෺ͱͯ͠࡞Δ͜ͱͰɺ#BDLFOEͷಠཱੑ Λ୲อͨ͠··'SPOUFOE͕ࣗ༝ʹѻ͑Δ • #''͸31$తͳ"1*ఏڙΛ͢΂͖ͩ ࡶͳఏى • ͞ΒʹϏδωεͷಠཱ౓ΛߴΊΔख๏͕͋ΓɺτϨʔυ Φϑ͕ଘࡏ͢Δ