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Taming Runaway Silex Apps http://www.flickr.com/photos/tal_axl/4321730058

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@davedevelopment childcare.co.uk

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Legacy http://www.flickr.com/photos/14993459@N08/5704123809

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Pimple + Services http://www.flickr.com/photos/wikidave/7440588732/sizes/l/

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Silex

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Organised Chaos

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Intro Best Practices Conventions Extensions Performance

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Don’t listen to me

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Pimple A simple Dependency Injection Container for PHP 5.3

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Silex Pimple

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$app['kernel'] = function ($app) { return new HttpKernel( $app['dispatcher'], $app['resolver'], $app['request_stack'] ); };

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class Pimple implements ArrayAccess { function share($callable); function protect($callable); function raw($id); function extend($id, $callable); function keys(); }

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class Pimple implements ArrayAccess { function share($callable); function protect($callable); function raw($id); function extend($id, $callable); function keys(); }

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Namespace everything $app['twig'] = ... $app['twig.loader'] = ... $app['twig.loader.filesystem'] = ...

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Lazyness The lazy way of spelling "laziness"

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The Problem

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// user.repository gets defined $app['user.repository'] = $app->share(function() { return new UserRepository(); });

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// user.service depends on user.repository $app['user.service'] = $app->share(function($app) { return new UserService($app['user.repository']); });

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// user.service is accessed $app['user.service']->setOption('debug', true);

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// user.repository is redefined/extended $app['user.repository'] = $app->share($app->extend( 'user.repository', function ($repo) { return new CachingRepository($repo); } )); // but user.service already has the uncached version $app['user.service']-> ....

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Theoretical Lifecycle

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Compile Time Defining Services

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Do not access any services until all services have been registered

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Compile Time Extending Services

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Do not access any services until all services have been extended as required

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Runtime Accessing Services

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Do not redefine services once they have been accessed

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Pimple 2.0 Services are frozen once accessed

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Performance Everything adds up

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Lazyness helps a lot...

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...but the container is “recompiled” for every request

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app/console cache:clear

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Pimple 2.0 Major performance improvements

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Not everything has to be defined as a service Extract when necessary

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$app['sw.service'] = $app->share(function($app) { return new Stopwords\Service( $app['sw.repo'] ); }); $app['sw.repo'] = $app->share(function($app) { return new Stopwords\Repository($app['db']); });

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$app['sw.service'] = $app->share(function($app) { return new Stopwords\Service( new Stopwords\Repository($app['db']) ); });

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Auto-wiring

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boundTypes[$type] = $service; } public function resolve($type, array $fixedArgs = array()) { $boundTypes = &$this->boundTypes; return function ($app) use ($type, &$boundTypes, $fixedArgs) { $rfc = new \ReflectionClass($type); $ctor = $rfc->getConstructor(); $args = array(); foreach ($ctor->getParameters() as $param) { $classHint = $param->getClass()->getName(); if ($classHint) { if (isset($boundTypes[$classHint])) { $args[] = $app[$boundTypes[$classHint]]; } else if (isset($app[$classHint])) { $args[] = $app[$classHint]; } else if (isset($app[$param->getName()])) { $args[] = $app[$param->getName()]; } else { throw new \RuntimeException("Could not resolve service for $classHint"); } } else { if (isset($fixedArgs[$param->getName()])) { $args[] = $fixedArgs[$param->getName]; } else { throw new \RuntimeException("Could not resolve parameter for {$param->getName} for $type"); } } } return $rfc->newInstanceArgs($args); }; } } ~50 slocs Could do with some caching

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// Acme\User\Service\Authentication public function __construct(UserRepository $userRepo) { $this->repo = $userRepo; } // usage $app->bindType( 'Acme\User\Repository\UserRepository', 'user.repository' ); $app['user.service'] = $app->resolve( 'Acme\User\Service\Authentication' );

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Silex The PHP micro-framework based on the Symfony2 Components

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$app = new Silex\Application; $app->get("/hello/{name}", function ($name, $app) { return "Hello" . $app->escape($name); }); $app->run();

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Silex exposes an intuitive and concise API that is fun to use

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function get($pattern, $to = null); function post($pattern, $to = null); function put($pattern, $to = null); function delete($pattern, $to = null); function match($pattern, $to = null);

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function get($pattern, $to = null); function post($pattern, $to = null); function put($pattern, $to = null); function delete($pattern, $to = null); function match($pattern, $to = null);

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function before($callback, $priority = 0); function after($callback, $priority = 0); function finish($callback, $priority = 0); function error($callback, $priority = -8); function on($eventName, $callback, $priority = 0);

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function before($callback, $priority = 0); function after($callback, $priority = 0); function finish($callback, $priority = 0); function error($callback, $priority = -8); function on($eventName, $callback, $priority = 0);

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Silex defines a range of services which can be used or replaced You probably don't want to mess with most of them

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Silex HttpKernelInterface {abstract} HttpKernel Routing EventDispatcher HttpFoundation

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Service Providers

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$app = new Silex\Application; $app->register( new Silex\Provider\TwigServiceProvider(), [ 'twig.path' => __DIR__.'/views', ] );

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symfony/security symfony/form symfony/translation symfony/validator twig/twig doctrine/dbal swiftmailer/swiftmailer monolog/monolog

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doctrine/orm mustache/mustache kriswallsmith/assetic guzzle/guzzle imagine/imagine symfony/web-profiler-bundle jms/serializer aws/aws-sdk-php

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File Structure

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web/ # assets + front controllers app/ # app config/bootstrap src/ # app code bin/ # cli scripts + binstubs

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app/ config/ views/ app.php controllers.php # optional

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get('/', function() { return 'Hello'; } return $app;

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> export APPLICATION_ENV=production > psysh app/app.phpT Psy Shell v0.1.0-dev (PHP 5.4.9 — cli) by Justin Hileman >>> $app[‘user.service’]->deleteAll(...

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web/ assets/ index.php index_dev.php # optional

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src/ Acme/ functions.php WebApp/ ServiceProvider.php User/ Service/ Authentication.php Email/ Service/ Mailer.php

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Writing Service Providers

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namespace Silex; interface ServiceProviderInterface { public function register(Application $app); public function boot(Application $app); }

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register() is for registering parameters and services

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Do register parameters preferably defaults

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Do register services

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Do extend services

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Don’t access services

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Don’t do anything else

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boot() is for doing things before handling a request Usually adding event listeners

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Generally acceptable to access services here Try not to

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Silex 2.0 [Experimental] boot() is moved to a separate provider interface

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Controller Providers

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namespace Silex; interface ControllerProviderInterface { function connect(Application $app); }

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// Acme/Silex/ControllerProvider public function connect(Application $app) { $controllers = $app['controllers_factory']; $controllers->get( '/hello/{name}', function ($name, Application $app) { return 'Hello'.$app->escape($name); } )->bind('site.hello_world'); return $controllers; } // app/app.php $app->mount('/', new SiteControllerProvider());

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Modules Bundles, Packages...

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src/Acme/User/ServiceProvider.php src/Acme/User/ControllerProvider.php

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namespace Acme\User; use Silex\Application; use Silex\ControllerProviderInterface; use Silex\ServiceProviderInterface; class Provider implements ControllerProviderInterface, ServiceProviderInterface { public function register(Application $app) {} public function boot(Application $app) {} public function connect(Application $app) {} }

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// Acme\User\Module public static function register(Application $app) { $app->register(new ServiceProvider()); $app->mount('/', new ControllerProvider()); $app->mount('/', new AdminControllerProvider()); } // app/app.php Acme\User\Module::register($app);

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Controllers

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Name(space) all routes Silex default mirrors the pattern

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$app->get( '/hello/{name}', function ($name, Application $app) { return "Hello" . $app->escape($name); } )->bind('site.welcome');

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> bin/routes site.welcome GET /hello/{name} app/app.php:12

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Anonymous Functions

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Named Functions

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function welcome($name, Application $app) { return "Hello " . $app->escape($name); }; $app->get('/hello/{name}', 'welcome') ->bind('site.welcome');

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$app = mock('Silex\Application'); $app->shouldReceive('escape') ->with('Bob') ->andReturn('Dave'); assertThat( welcome('Bob', $app), equalTo('Hello Dave') );

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Controllers as Classes

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// Acme\Controller\SiteController public function welcome($name, Application $app) { return 'Hello ' . $app->escape($name); } // Acme\ControllerProvider.php $app->get( '/hello/{name}', 'Acme\Controller\SiteController::welcome' )->bind('site.welcome');

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// S\C\HttpKernel\Controller\ControllerResolver list($class, $method) = explode('::', $controller, 2); return array(new $class(), $method);

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Injecting the container BaseController and helpers

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// class BaseControllerResolver list($class, $method) = explode('::', $controller, 2); $controller = new $class(); if ($controller instanceof BaseController) { $controller->setApplication($app); } return array($controller, $method);

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$app['resolver'] = $this->share($app->extend( 'resolver', function ($resolver, $app) { return new BaseControllerResolver( $resolver, $app ); } ));

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// abstract class BaseController public function setApplication(Application $app) { $this->app = $app; } public function get($key) { return $this->app[$key]; }

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// abstract class BaseController public function render($template, array $context) { return $this ->get('twig') ->render($template, $context); }

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class SiteController extends BaseController { public function welcome($name) { $user = $this ->get('user.repository') ->findByName($name); return $this->render( 'user.html.twig', [ 'user' => $user, 'name' => $name, ] ); } }

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class SiteController extends BaseController { public function welcome($name) { $user = $this ->get('user.repository') ->findByName($name); return $this->render( 'user.html.twig', [ 'user' => $user, 'name' => $name, ] ); } }

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class SiteController extends BaseController { public function welcome($name) { $user = $this ->get('user.repository') ->findByName($name); return $this->render( 'user.html.twig', [ 'user' => $user, 'name' => $name, ] ); } }

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Controllers as Services

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use Silex\Provider\ServiceControllerServiceProvider; $app->register( new ServiceControllerServiceProvider(), ); $app['site.controller'] = $app->share(function($app) { return new Acme\Controller\SiteController( $app['user.repository'], $app['twig'] ); }); $app->get('/hello/{name}', 'site.controller:welcome') ->bind('site.welcome');

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use Silex\Provider\ServiceControllerServiceProvider; $app->register( new ServiceControllerServiceProvider(), ); $app['site.controller'] = $app->share(function($app) { return new Acme\Controller\SiteController( $app['user.repository'], $app['twig'] ); }); $app->get('/hello/{name}', 'site.controller:welcome') ->bind('site.welcome');

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use Silex\Provider\ServiceControllerServiceProvider; $app->register( new ServiceControllerServiceProvider(), ); $app['site.controller'] = $app->share(function($app) { return new Acme\Controller\SiteController( $app['user.repository'], $app['twig'] ); }); $app->get('/hello/{name}', 'site.controller:welcome') ->bind('site.welcome');

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// Acme\Controller\SiteController public function __construct($repo, $twig) { $this->repo = $repo; $this->twig = $twig; } public function welcome($name) { $user = $this->repo->find($name); return $this->twig->render( 'user.html.twig', [ 'user' => $user, 'name' => $name ] ); }

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// Acme\Controller\SiteController public function __construct($repo, $twig) { $this->repo = $repo; $this->twig = $twig; } public function welcome($name) { $user = $this->repo->find($name); return $this->twig->render( 'user.html.twig', [ 'user' => $user, 'name' => $name, ] ); }

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Resource based Routing RAD

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Name Method Pattern Controller Method users.index GET /users indexAction users.new GET /users/new newAction users.create POST /users newAction users.show GET /users/{id} showAction($id) users.edit GET /users/{id}/edit editAction($id) users.update PUT /users/{id} editAction($id) users.delete DELETE /users/{id} deleteAction($id)

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function resource($path, $ns, $service, $app) { $app->get($path, "$service:indexAction") ->bind("$ns.index"); $app->get($path."/{id}", "$service:showAction") ->bind("$ns.show"); $app->put($path."/{id}", "$service:updateAction") ->bind("$ns.update"); /* ... */ } resource("/users", "users", "users.controller", $app); resource("/posts", "posts", "posts.controller", $app);

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Performance Everything adds up

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Silex doesn’t use the full Router, only the UrlMatcher Routes are “recompiled” for every request

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Laravel 4.1 features a totally re-written routing layer. The API is the same; however, registering routes is a full 100% faster compared to 4.0. The entire engine has been greatly simplified, and the dependency on Symfony Routing has been removed.

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if (false == getenv('SKIP_ADMIN_CONTROLLERS')) { $app->mount( '/', new AdminPanelControllerProvider() ); }

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No content

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/flint/flint Enhancements to Silex with structure and conventions.

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Replaces the UrlMatcher with the full Router At the cost of some flexibility

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Event Listeners

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Use the shortcut methods like $app->on()

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Just like controllers anonymous functions are good, services are better

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Performance Lazyness

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function lazy($app, $service, $method) { return function() use ($app, $service, $method) { return call_user_func_array( [$app[$service], $method], func_get_args() ); }; } $app->on( AppEvents::USER_UPGRADE, lazy($app, "user.event_logger", "onUserEvent") );

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// Silex 1.2 $app->on( AppEvents::USER_UPGRADE, "user.event_logger:onUserEvent" );

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/davedevelopment/ pimple-aware-event-dispatcher

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$app['dispatcher'] = $app->share($app->extend( 'dispatcher', function($dispatcher) use ($app) { return new PimpleAwareEventDispatcher( $dispatcher, $app ); } )); $app['dispatcher']->addSubscriberService( “user.event_logger", "Acme\User\EventLogger" );

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View Renderers

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// Acme\Controller\UserController public function showAction($id) { $user = $this->repo->find($id); return ['user' => $user]; } $app->get('/user/{id}', 'user.controller:showAction') ->value('template', 'user.html.twig');

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// Acme\Controller\UserController public function showAction($id) { $user = $this->repo->find($id); return ['user' => $user]; } $app->get('/user/{id}', 'user.controller:showAction') ->value('template', 'user.html.twig');

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// Acme\Controller\UserController public function showAction($id) { $user = $this->repo->find($id); return ['user' => $user]; } $app->get('/user/{id}', 'user.controller:showAction') ->value('template', 'user.html.twig');

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$app->on(KernelEvents::VIEW, function ($e) use ($app) { $view = $e->getControllerResult(); if (!is_array($view)) { return; } $request = $event->getRequest(); $template = $request->attributes->get('template'); $body = $app['twig']->render($template, $view); $e->setResponse(new Response($body)); });

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$app->on(KernelEvents::VIEW, function ($e) use ($app) { $view = $e->getControllerResult(); if (!is_array($view)) { return; } $request = $event->getRequest(); $template = $request->attributes->get('template'); $body = $app['twig']->render($template, $view); $e->setResponse(new Response($body)); });

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$app->on(KernelEvents::VIEW, function ($e) use ($app) { $view = $e->getControllerResult(); if (!is_array($view)) { return; } $request = $event->getRequest(); $template = $request->attributes->get('template'); $body = $app['twig']->render($template, $view); $e->setResponse(new Response($body)); });

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$app->on(KernelEvents::VIEW, function ($e) use ($app) { $view = $event->getControllerResult(); if (!is_array($view)) { return; } $request = $event->getRequest(); // user.show.html.twig $template = $request->attributes->get('_route'); $template.= ".html.twig"; $body = $app['twig']->render($template, $view); $event->setResponse(new Response($body)); });

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Summary •Treat a Silex app like any other app •Pimple requires care when you have a lot of services •Namespace and name everything •Lazyness for as much as possible •Silex’ API is narrow, scope widens when you dig around inside •Silex has to do a lot of work for every request, grows linearly with your app

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@davedevelopment [email protected] joind.in/10374 #silex-php Questions?

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Further Reading https://igor.io/2013/09/02/how-heavy-is- silex.html http://srcmvn.com/blog/2013/03/08/silex- service-providers-and-controller-providers- what-is-safe-to-do-where/ https://igor.io/2012/11/09/scaling-silex.html

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Honorary mention /dcousineau/orlex