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2010೥2݄12೔ όϨʔϘʔϧʹ͓͚ΔεύΠΫ࿅शͷͨΊͷ ϒϩοΫϚγϯͷػߏઃܭ ػցిؾγεςϜ޻ֶઐ߈ ࡾଜݚڀࣨ S80117 ໼࡞༔

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՝୊ ɹόϨʔϘʔϧͷ࣮ઓతͳεύΠΫ࿅श͔Βߴ౓ͳٕ ज़Λ਎ʹ෇͚Δʹ͸,ࢼ߹ʹۙ͘,ͳΔ΂͘ڧྗͳϒ ϩοΫΛ૝ఆ͢Δඞཁ͕͋Δ͕,ֶߍͷ෦׆ͳͲͰ͸࣮ ݱͰ͖ͳ͍৔߹͕͋Δ. • ख़ୡऀΛ֬อͰ͖ͳ͍ • ਓ਺͕গͳ͍ • ಛఆͷબख͚͕ͩۃΊͯڧ͍ τοϓϨϕϧͰ΋ಉ༷ͳ໰୊͋Γ.

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ݚڀ໨ඪ ΑΓ࣮෺ʹ͍ۙϒϩοΫΛߦ͍,؆୯ʹૢ࡞Ͱ͖Δϒ ϩοΫϚγϯͷ։ൃΛ໨ࢦ͢.

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ݚڀ಺༰ • LEGOʹΑΔࢼ࡞ػͷ࡞੒ͱ,3࣍ݩCADσʔλԽ • ࢼ࡞ػͷ൚༻෦඼Խ • εύΠΫͷিܸʹର͢Δڧ౓ͷݕ౼

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ಈ࡞ͷݕ౼ ཁٻ࢓༷ 1. ਓͷ࿹Λ໛ͨ͠ܗ 2. ࿹ͷ্Լӡಈ 3. Ϙʔϧͷিܸٵऩ 4. ιϑτϒϩοΫͱΩϧϒϩοΫ 5. ωοτͱͷؒʹܺؒΛ࡞Βͳ͍ 6. ࣼΊʹରԠͨ͠޲͖มߋ 7. ࿹ͷ։ด 8. ϒϩοΫͷϙδγϣϯมߋ

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Fig.1 Soft block and Kill block

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ੇ๏ͷݕ౼ ϓϨΠϠʔͷٕज़ϨϕϧʹԠͯ͡,ߴ͞ΛมߋͰ͖Δඞ ཁ͕͋Δ. ωοτͷߴ͞ • உࢠɿ2m43cm • ঁࢠɿ2m24cm ϒϩοΫͷߴ͞ • தʙߴߍੜɿ2m60cmલޙ • ϓϩબखɿ3m20cmલޙ ͜ͷؒͰ,ߴ͞ௐઅͰ͖Δͱྑ͍.

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ػߏઃܭ ཁٻ͞Εͨಈ࡞Λશͯߦ͏͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ΔػߏΛߟ͑Δ. ·ͣ,ϒϩοΫϚγϯʹඞཁͳػߏΛߟྀͨ͠͏͑Ͱ, શମͷੇ๏Λߟ͑Δ.

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Fig.2 Length ratio of 4-links

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Fig.3 LEGO model

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3࣍ݩϞσϧԽ ߏ૝ஈ֊Ͱ࡞੒ͨ͠໛ࣜਤ΍,LEGOͷ؆қϞσϧͰ ͸,࣮ࡍʹ࡞੒Ͱ͖ͳ͍ػߏͰ͋ͬͨΓ, ׯব΍ͨΘΈ ͕ൃੜ͍ͯ͠ΔՄೳੑ͕͋ΔͨΊ,ਖ਼͘͠ಈ࡞͢Δ͔ݕ ূ͢Δඞཁ͕͋Δ. ·ͨ,Ұൠʹ͸ͳ͍ಠಛͷܗঢ়ͷ෦ ඼Λଟ༻ͨ͠ઃܭϞσϧͰ͋Δͷ͸޷·͘͠ͳ͍. ˣ • 3D-CADιϑτͰϞσϧΛ࠶ݱ͠,ಈ࡞֬ೝ • ෦඼ͷܗঢ়Λมߋ

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3࣍ݩϞσϧԽͨ݁͠Ռ ࢼ࡞ػͱಉ༷ͷϞσϧͷ৔߹,ݻఆ͞Εͯಈ͔ͳ͘ ͳͬͨ. ˠͨΘΈ΍,ؔઅͷ༡ͼͰಈ͍͍ͯͨ. • ͨΘΈΛಀ͕͢ػೳΛ௥Ճ • ࢖༻ύʔπͷ൚༻෦඼Խ(ύΠϓͱδϣΠϯτ)ͱ,෦ ඼छྨͷ࡟ݮ

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Fig.4 Pipe model

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ڧ౓ઃܭ ࡞੒ͨ͠Ϟσϧ͸,ڧ౓Λߟྀ͍ͯ͠ͳ͍ҝ,ϦϯΫͷ ଠ͞΍ؔઅ͸ద੾Ͱ͸ͳ͍. 1. Ϙʔϧ͕ϒϩοΫ࿹ʹ༩͑ΔিܸྗΛઃఆ͢Δ. 2. Ϙʔϧ͕࿹ͷਖ਼໘ʹ౰ͨͬͨ৔߹ͱ,ଆ໘ʹ౰ͨͬ ͨ৔߹ͷ2௨ΓͷԠྗΛٻΊΔ. 3. িܸྗʹ଱͑ΒΕΔύΠϓͷܘ,ࡐྉΛબఆ͢Δ.

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িܸྗͷઃఆ όϨʔϘʔϧͷऔΓܾΊ • ॏ͞ɿ260ʙ280g • ԁपɿ65ʙ67cm • ಺ؾѹɿ294.3ʙ318.82hPa ൓ൃ܎਺͕ܾ·ΔͨΊ,Ϙʔϧ଎౓,ΠϯύΫτ࣌ͷ઀ ৮࣌ؒͳͲ͕൑Ε͹িܸྗΛٻΊΒΕΔ.

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ྗੵ F∆t = m(V − V′) (1) িܸྗ F = m(V − V′)/∆t (2) ΠϯύΫτޙͷϘʔϧ଎౓ V′ = eV (3)

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• Ϙʔϧͷॏ͞ɹ270g, • εύΠΫ࣌ͷखͷ଎౓ɹ100km/h, • ΠϯύΫτ௚ޙͷखͷ଎౓ɹ0km/hʢ੩ࢭঢ়ଶʣ, • ΠϯύΫτ࣌ͷ઀৮࣌ؒɹ10ms(աڈͷݚڀΑΓ) ͱ͢Δͱ,εύΠΧʔͷ࿹ʹ࡞༻͢Δিܸྗ Fs = 750[kgm/s2] (4)

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࣍ʹ,ϒϩοΫଆ͸ϘʔϧΛٯํ޲ʹ௓Ͷฦ͢ͷͰखʹ ࡞༻͢Δিܸྗ͸εύΠΫଆΑΓ΋େ͖͘ͳΔͷͰ, • Ϙʔϧͷ൓ൃ܎਺ɿ0.7 • ࿹ͷ൓ൃ܎਺ɿ1(҆શͷͨΊ) ͱԾఆͯ͠িܸྗΛٻΊΔͱ,ϒϩοΧʔͷ࿹ʹ࡞༻͢ Δিܸྗ Fb = 1275[kgm/s2] (5) Αͬͯ,෦ࡐ͕1275[N]ͷྗʹ଱͑ΒΕΔ͜ͱ͕,ڧ౓ ͷ৚݅.

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CAEπʔϧͰͷԠྗ෼෍֬ೝ ࡞੒ͨ͠Ϟσϧʹ,ਖ਼໘,ଆ໘΁ͷεύΠΫ͕౰ͨͬͨ ͱ͖ͷԠྗ෼෍Λௐ΂Δ. ͜͜Ͱ͸,CADιϑτͰ͋Δ SolidWorks෇ଐͷղੳπʔϧCOSMOS XpressΛར ༻͠, δϣΠϯτݻఆͷϞσϧΛ࡞੒ͯ͠༗ݶཁૉ๏ ͰͷఆੑతͳղੳΛߦͬͨ.

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Fig.5 Boundary Condition and Result -1

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Fig.6 Boundary Condition and Result -2

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ճసϦϯΫΛߟྀͨ͠Ԡྗ ϘʔϧΛड͚ͨࡍ,ଆ໘,ਖ਼໘ͱ΋ʹϦϯΫΛ׬શݻఆͷঢ়ଶ Ͱ͋ΔͱԾఆͨ͠. • ҆શଆͷઃܭͰ͋Δ • ஄ੑମͷಈղੳ͸ࠔ೉ ͔࣮͠͠ࡍʹ͸,ਖ਼໘ϒϩοΫ࣌ͷؔઅ͸ճసϦϯΫͰ઀ଓ͞ Ε͍ͯΔͨΊ,ݻఆঢ়ଶͰͷܭࢉ͸ਖ਼͘͠ͳ͍Մೳੑ͕͋Δ. ˣ ਖ਼໘ϒϩοΫ࣌ͷ࿹ʹண໨͠,ϦϯΫʹ͔͔Δ࠷େۂ͛Ϟʔϝ ϯτΛٻΊΔ.

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Fig.7 Sketch of link structure

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Fig.8 Present beam structure

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ࡐྉͷબఆ ۂ͛Ϟʔϝϯτʹ଱͑͏ΔύΠϓͷްΈ,ࡐྉʹΑΔॏ ྔΛߟ͑Δ. ࡐྉͷ৚݅ • ୅දతͳۚଐͰ,ೖख͕༰қ • ߱෬Ԡྗ͕ߴ͘,͍ܰ • ৳ͼ཰͕͋Δఔ౓ߴ͍(஄ੑࡐྉ)

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ۚଐͷίετʹΑΔࡐྉબఆ ݱࡏར༻͞Ε͍ͯΔۚଐ͸,༷ʑͳࡐྉ͔Βͷ߹ۚͰ ͋ͬͨΓ, ಛघͳՃ޻๏Λ༻͍͍ͯΔ΋ͷ͕ଟ͍. ˠछྨʹΑͬͯίετ͕େ͖͘ҟͳΔ. ύΠϓͱͯ͠ར༻͞Ε΍͍ۚ͢ଐ • SS400ɿҰൠ୸ૉ߯ • SCM440ɿΫϩϜϞϦϒσϯ߯ • A6063-T6ɿԡग़͠Ճ޻༻Ξϧϛ߹ۚ • SUS304ɿΦʔεςφΠτܥεςϯϨε

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Table.1 Mass and cost of material g/cm3 yen/cm3 SS400 7.9 30 SCM440 7.8 50 A6063-T6 2.7 10 SUS304 8.0 48

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ۚଐͷ࣭ྔʹΑΔࡐྉબఆ ϒϩοΫͷ࿹෯10ʙ12cmͱԾఆ͠,؇িࡐΛ༻ҙ͢Δ ͱͯ͠,ύΠϓͷ࠷େ֎ܘΛ8cm·Ͱͱ͢Δ. ͜ͷଠ͞ͷͱ͖ͷۂ͛ʹ଱͑͏ΔύΠϓͷް͞ͱॏྔ Λ,ۚଐ͝ͱʹܭࢉ͢Δ.

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Table.2 Thickness and weight of material Outside diameter of pipe [mm] 80 Material Thickness [mm] Mass [kg] SS400 3.0 8.37 SCM440 0.8 2.27 A6063-T6 3.4 3.21 SUS304 3.5 9.82

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બఆࡐྉʹΑΔԠྗղੳ ࡐྉͱ,ύΠϓͷܘ͕ఆ·ͬͨͷͰ,͜ΕΒͷ৚͔݅Β ఆྔతͳݕ౼Λߦ͏. • ύΠϓ֎ܘɿ80mm • ύΠϓ಺ܘɿ73.2mm ͱมߋ͠,࠶౓COSMOS XpressʹΑΓղੳΛߦ͏.

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Table.3 Result of FEM using A6063-T6 Numerical result stress [MPa] safety factor front 69.6 3 Finite Element Method stress [MPa] safety factor front 56 3.8 side 65.5 3.2

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݁Ռ ࡐྉ͸A6063-T6ͷΞϧϛ߹ۚΛར༻͠,֎ܘ80mm Ͱް͞3.4mmҎ্ͷύΠϓΛ༻͍Ε͹,͜ͷϒϩοΫ Ϛγϯͷඞཁڧ౓Λຬͨ͢͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δͱߟ͑ΒΕΔ.

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໰୊఺ • ௚ཱঢ়ଶͰ҆ఆ͠ͳ͍. • ૢ࡞๮ͷࣗ༝౓͕ߴ͍ͨΊ,ૢ࡞ੑ͕ෆ໌Ͱ͋Δ. • શମॏྔ΍,ϒϩοΫϚγϯԼ෦ͷݕ౼Λߦ͍ͬͯ ͳ͍. • ݻఆؔઅͱͯ͠ղੳ͕ͨ͠,࣮ࡍʹ͸ճసؔઅͳͷ Ͱ,ղੳ݁Ռ͕ҟͳΔ.

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݁ݴ • ϒϩοΫϚγϯʹඞཁͳػೳͱڧ౓Λ໌Β͔ʹͰ ͖ͨ. • ෦෼తͰ͸͋Δ͕,ܗঢ়ͱڧ౓ʹ͍ͭͯݕ౼͠,҆શ Ͱ͋Δ͜ͱ͕֬ೝͰ͖ͨ.

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ޚਗ਼ௌ͋Γ͕ͱ͏͍͟͝·ͨ͠ɻ

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όϨʔϘʔϧͷ࿅श༻۩ Fig.9 ϒϩοΫωοτ Fig.10 ϒ ϩ ο Ϋ ω ο τͷ࢖༻ྫ molten ঎඼ɹϗʔϜϖʔδΑΓ