RSpec概論 - Speaker Deck

RSpec概論

by shiraki hirotomo

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34QFD֓࿦ कΓ΍͍͢ςετίʔυͷϧʔϧ5*14

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ΞδΣϯμ ࣗݾ঺հ 34QFD֓ཁ جຊػೳ ޙʑࠔΓ͕ͪͳΞϯνϚφʔ ςετ࣌ؒΛ୹͘͢Δ ·ͱΊʙ͜ͷ͚̎ͭͩकΕ͹͖ͬͱʙ

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͸͡Ίʹ ʮςετॻ͍ͨ͜ͱͳ͍ʂʯ ʮςετௐ΂͚ͨͲɺ΍ͬͨ͜ͱͳ͍ʂʯ ʮςετॻ͍ͯΈ͚ͨͲͬ͘͠Γ͖ͯͳ͍ʂʯ ੄໺Λ޿͛ͨͷͰɺίʔυΑΓ΋࿩͕ଟΊͰ͢ɻ

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ࣗݾ঺հ ໊લɿന໦޺๎ ձࣾɿגࣜձࣾϕʔγοΫʢ৽ଔ̏೥໨ʣ ͞ΘͬͯΔ͜ͱɿ3BJMT "84 RJJUBͱ͔UXJUUFSͱ͔ͷ*%ɿOBNJUPQ झຯɿϑΥʔτφΠτ

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ࣗݾ঺հ ࣗ෼ͷ஌ࣝͷ੔ཧͱ 34QFDʹ͍ͭͯ஌Βͳ͍ൃݟ͕͋Ε͹ͱࢥ͍ ࠓճͷษڧձͷ಺༰ʹ͠·ͨ͠ɻ

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͜Ε͔Βઆ໌͢Δ͜ͱ͸ɺ ͜Μͳײ͡ͷ؀ڥͷਓ͕΍͖ͬͯͨ3TQFDͳͷͰ ΋͔ͨ͠͠Βઌೖ؍͕͋Δ͔΋͠Εͳ͍ͷͰɺ ͲΜͳαʔϏεʹؔΘ͖͔ͬͯͨͷઆ໌

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ձࣾͰ΍͖ͬͯͨ͜ͱ &$αΠτͷ঎඼؅ཧαΠτʢ಺෦ʣ࡞Γม͑ ϝσΟΞαΠτอकӡ༻ ࢿྉ੥ٻαΠτ৽ن ӳձ࿩ڭࣨݕࡧαΠτ৽ن ࢿྉ੥ٻαΠτอकӡ༻

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ձࣾͰ΍͖ͬͯͨ͜ͱ ͲΕ΋

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ձࣾͰ΍͖ͬͯͨ͜ͱ ̍ඵͰ΋མͪͨΒαʔϏε͕੒Γཱͨͳ͍ɾɾɾ

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ձࣾͰ΍͖ͬͯͨ͜ͱ ͱ͔Ͱ͸ͳ͍ɻ

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ձࣾͰ΍͖ͬͯͨ͜ͱ ͲΜͲΜػೳͷ௥Ճɾमਖ਼ͱ͔͠΍͍͢؀ڥ

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ձࣾͰ΍͖ͬͯͨ͜ͱ ͦΜͳ؀ڥͰςετίʔυΛॻ͍͖ͯ·ͨ͠

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஫ҙ ԿΛςετ͢Ε͹͍͍ͷ͔ ͲΕ͘Β͍ςετ͢Ε͹͍͍ͷ͔ͱ͔ʹ ʮઈର͜ΕʯΈ͍ͨͳ΋ͷ͕ͳ͍

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஫ҙ 34QFDͷϧʔϧʹ͍ͭͯߟ͑ͨ͜ͱΛ આ໌͍͖ͯ͠·͕͢ Ұ൪ྑ͍ϧʔϧ͸ ن໛ͱ͔αʔϏεՔಇ཰ͱ͔Λ౿·͑ͯ νʔϜϝϯόʔͱ૬ஊܾͯ͠ΊΔͷ͕ϕετ

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34QFD֓ཁ " lςετzͷछྨ # ̎େςετϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ

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"lςετzͷछྨ 2"ςετ σΟϨΫλʔςετ ։ൃςετ

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ͦΕͧΕ໾ׂ͕ҧ͏

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ʮͲΕ͙Β͍ςετ͢Ε͹͍͍ͷʁʯ

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͜ΕΛߟ͑ΔͨΊʹ͓͓͑ͯ͘͞

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2"ςετ 2VBMJUZ"TTVSBODFʢ඼࣭อূʣ αʔϏε඼࣭Λอূʢόάɺૢ࡞ײʣ ˎ࡞ۀޮ཰ԽͷͨΊɺ͜͜Ͱ34QFD࢖ͬͯΔձࣾ΋ ͋ΔΒ͍͠

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σΟϨΫλʔςετ JTTVF௨Γʹ࣮૷͞Ε͍ͯΔ͔νΣοΫ ˎόάΛ໢ཏతʹνΣοΫ͢ΔΑ͏ͳ໾ׂͰ͸ͳ͍

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։ൃςετ ։ൃऀ͕։ൃ͠΍͍ͨ͢Ίʹߦ͏ςετ ˎࣗ෼͸͜ͷύʔτͰΑ͘34QFD࢖͖ͬͯ·ͨ͠

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̏ͭͷςετ ͜ΕΒ̏ͭͷςετͷॅΈ෼͚͕େࣄ ԿΛ34QFDͰ୲อ͢Δͷ͔

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։ൃςετʹ͓͚Δ34QFD ୲อ͢Δ΋ͷ શϖʔδɺਖ਼ৗʹΞΫηεͰ͖Δ͔ શϝιουɺશΞΫγϣϯʹςετΛߦ͏ ى͜Γ͑ͳ͍ೖྗΛ༧૝ͯ͠ςετ

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։ൃςετʹ͓͚Δ34QFD ୲อ͢Δ΋ͷ શϖʔδɺਖ਼ৗʹΞΫηεͰ͖Δ͔ શϝιουɺશΞΫγϣϯʹςετΛߦ͏ ى͜Γ͑ͳ͍ೖྗΛ༧૝ͯ͠ςετ ͠·ͤΜ

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։ൃςετʹ͓͚Δ34QFD ओʹҎԼೋͭΛ୲อ͢Δ ϛε͕ى͜Γ͕ͪͳϩδοΫ ϏδωεతʹಛʹॏཁͳϩδοΫ

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։ൃςετʹ͓͚Δ34QFD ϛε͕ى͜Γ͕ͪͳϩδοΫ ෳࡶͳϩδοΫ αʔϏεͷ޿͍ൣғͰ࢖ΘΕ͍ͯΔϩδοΫ

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։ൃςετʹ͓͚Δ34QFD ϏδωεతʹಛʹॏཁͳϩδοΫ ੥ٻؔ܎ $7ϑϩʔ

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։ൃςετʹ͓͚Δ34QFD 5*14୲อ͢Δ΋ͷΛߜΔ

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#̎େςετϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ NJOJUFTU 34QFD

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γϯϓϧ ϐϡΞ3VCZ ଟػೳ υΩϡϝϯτ෩ NJOJUFTU 3TQFD

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NJOJUFTU 3TQFD

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NJOJUFTUͱ34QFD NJOJUFTU͸γϯϓϧ͕͞ਓؾ 34QFD͸ߴػೳͳͷͰਓؾ ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫʹΑΔ଎౓ͷҧ͍͸ߟ͑ͳ͍͍ͯ͘ 3TQFDͷ΄͏͕೔ຊޠͷهࣄ͕ଟ͍ͷͰ͓͢͢Ί

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جຊػೳ ̏ͭͷTQFDͷ໾ׂʢNPEFM DPOUSPMMFS SFRVFTUʣ JUͱFYQFDU EFTDSJCFͱDPOUFYU GBDUPSZ USBJU TUVC

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ͪͳΈʹ υΩϡϝϯτ͸͜͜ IUUQSTQFDJOGPEPDVNFOUBUJPOSTQFDSBJMT

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"̏ͭͷTQFDͷ໾ׂ NPEFMTQFD Ϟσϧͷϝιου୯ҐͰͷςετ ϞσϧͷόϦσʔγϣϯςετ DPOUSPMMFSTQFD ඇਪ঑ BDUJPOͷΠϯελϯεม਺ͷ஋Λςετ ࢦఆͷVSMɺҙਤ͢ΔSFTQPOTFʹͳ͍ͬͯΔ͔ςετ SFRVFTUTQFD ࢦఆͷVSMɺҙਤ͢ΔSFTQPOTFʹͳ͍ͬͯΔ͔ςετ

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DPOUSPMMFSTQFDඇਪ঑ IUUQSTQFDJOGPCMPHSTQFDIBTCFFOSFMFBTFE SBJMTTVQQPSUGPSSBJMT SFRVFTUTQFDͰ͸ɺίϯτϩʔϥͷͭͷΞΫγϣϯʹूதͰ͖· ͕͢ɺίϯτϩʔϥςετͱ͸ҟͳΓɺϧʔλɺϛυϧ΢ΣΞελο ΫɺϥοΫͷϦΫΤετͱϨεϙϯεͷ྆ํ͕ඞཁͰ͢ɻ͜Ε͸ɺ ͋ͳ͕ͨॻ͍͍ͯΔςετʹݱ࣮ײΛ༩͑ɺDPOUSPMMFSTQFDʹڞ ௨͢Δଟ͘ͷ໰୊Λճආ͢Δͷʹ໾ཱͪ·͢ɻ ެࣜ௚༁

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NPEFMTQFDͱSFRVFTUTQFD ࢖͍෼͚ NPEFMTQFD͸σʔλΛςετ͢Δ SFRVFTUTQFD͸ݟͨ໨Λςετ͢Δ

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FYZBNBEBͰදࣔͯ͠Δ͔ςετ

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NPEFMTQFD͸σʔλΛ ਖ਼͍͠஋ͰΦϒδΣΫτੜ੒Ͱ͖Δ͔ IFMMPϝιου͕ػೳ͍ͯ͠Δ͔ʁ ͳͲ

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SFRVFTUTQFD͸ݟͨ໨Λ ZBNBEBʹΞΫηεͰ͖Δ͔ ϖʔδཁૉʹzZBNBEBͰ͢ɻzͱ͍͏  ςΩετ͕ଘࡏ͢Δ͔ ͳͲ

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TQFDΛॻ͘લͷԼ४උ ςετ͠΍͍͢.7$ʹ͢Δ ϝιουͷҾ਺΍ฦΓ஋ͷܕΛἧ͑Δ WJFXͰม਺ͷఆٛͨ͠Γ࠶୅ೖͨ͠Γ͠ͳ͍ ΊͬͪΌWJFXʹ෼ذ͕ॻ͍ͯ͋ΔͷΛ΍ΊΔ

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"̏ͭͷTQFDͷ໾ׂ 5*14DPOUSPMMFSTQFD࢖Θͳ͍ 5*14NPEFMTQFDͰσʔλͷऔಘɾ੔ܗΛςετ 5*14SFRVFTUTQFDͰσʔλͷදࣔΛςετ

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#JUͱFYQFDU

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$DPOUFYUͱEFTDSJCF

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EFTDSJCF DPOUFYU JU EFTDSJCFɿϝιου୯ҐͳͲͷ·ͱ·ΓͰғΉ DPOUFYUɿ৔߹෼͚ͰғΉ JUɿ࠷খ୯ҐͰғΉ

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EFTDSJCF DPOUFYU JU 5*14 EFTDSJCF DPOUFYU JUΛ࢖ͬͯυΩϡϝϯτ෩ʹॻ͘

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ͪͳΈʹ

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ͲͬͪͰ΋PL ˎ͜ͷ৔߹͸DPOUFYUͷ΄͏͕͍͍͚ͲΤϥʔͱ͔ʹ͸ͳΒͳ͍

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ߦ਺ࢦఆ࣮ͯ͠ߦ ASTQFDϑΝΠϧ໊ߦ൪߸AͰ࣮ߦ

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%CFGPSFͱMFU

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JU಺Λ؆ܿʹ͢ΔͨΊʹ

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MFUͱMFU

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MFUͱMFU w MFU஗ԆධՁɻʢJU಺Ͱݺ͹ͳ͍ͱ࣮ߦ͞Εͳ͍ʣ w MFU֤JU͝ͱͷ࣮ߦલʹධՁɻCFGPSFͱҰॹ

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MFUͱCFGPSFͷ࢖͍෼͚ JU಺Ͱࢀর͢Δ͔Ͳ͏͔ MFUͷ৔߹͸ɺJU಺Ͱࢀর͢Δ CFGPSFͷ৔߹͸ɺJU಺Ͱࢀর͠ͳ͍

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%CFGPSFͱMFU 5*14CFGPSF MFUͰJU಺Λγϯϓϧʹ 5*14CFGPSFͰࢀর͠ͳ͍Ϩίʔυͱ͔Λࣄલ४උ 5*14MFUͰJU಺Ͱࢀর͢Δ஋Λࣄલ४උ

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%GBDUPSZ

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%GBDUPSZ 6TFS OBNFඞਢ CJSUIQMBDFඞਢ CJSUIEBZඞਢ UFMඞਢ KPCඞਢ

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σϑΥϧτͷ஋Λ༻ҙ͢Δ

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JU಺Ͱҙࣝ͢Δ͜ͱΛߜΕΔ 6TFSΦϒδΣΫτ࡞੒͢Δ 6TFSIFMMP͕ਖ਼͘͠ಈ࡞͍ͯ͠Δ͔

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%GBDUPSZ 5*14ΦϒδΣΫτΛ࡞ΔͨΊͷهड़ΛݮΒ͢

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%TUVC ϞσϧͷϝιουΛ্ॻ͖͠ɺฦΓ஋ΛݻఆͰ͖Δ

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%TUVC

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ྫ Ϋϥεɿ1SFG ϝιουɿEJTUBODF QSFG QSFG "1*ɿ(PPHMF.BQ"1*

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͜ͷςετͷԿ͕໰୊ʁ

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̎ͭͷϝιουΛςετͯ͠Δ ͜ͷςετͰ ʮݝͷڑ཭Λࢉग़͢Δʯ ʮ(PPHMF.BQ"1*͕ݝͷҐஔ৘ใΛࢉग़͢Δʯ

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ͭ·Γɾɾɾ ʮ(PPHMF.BQ"1*ʯ͕͚͜Δͱ 1SFGEJTUBODFͷܭࢉ͕ਖ਼ͯ͘͠΋͚͜Δ

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ςετର৅ͷϝιου͚ͩͰ ⭕ʮݝͷڑ཭Λࢉग़͢Δʯ ❌ʮ(PPHMF.BQ"1*͕ݝͷҐஔ৘ใΛࢉग़͢Δʯ

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͜͏ͩͱ͢Δͱɾɾɾ (PPHMF.BQ"1*TFBSDI Ҿ਺ͷݝͷҐஔ৘ใΛऔಘ͢Δ

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BMMPX PCK UPSFDFJWF NFUIPE XJUI BSH BOE@SFUVSO WBMVF BMMPX PCK UPSFDFJWF NFUIPE BOE@SFUVSO WBMVF

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ର৅ͷΈͷςετʹͳΔ 1SFGEJTUBODFͷΈͷςετ ΋͠(PPHMF.BQ"1*ଆͰ͚ͯͯ͜΋ςετ͕௨Δ ͳ͚͔ͥͨ͜ͷௐࠪͷ͕࣌ؒল͚Δ

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%TUVC 5*14ςετର৅ʹͳΔϝιουΛߜΔ

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TUVCͱNPDL εΩοϓ ࢀߟɿ IUUQKBOHBKBODPNCMPHFYQFDU BOEBMMPXJOSTQFD

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ΞϯνϚφʔ " EFTDSJCFɺDPOUFYUɺJUͷ࢖͍ํ # MFU CFGPSFͷҐஔʢEFTDSJCFͷ֎ʹग़͞ͳ͍ʣ $ ్தͰVQEBUF % ฒͼॱܥϝιουͰ΍Γ͕ͪͳςετ

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"EFTDSJCFɾDPOUFYUɾJU Ͳ͏͍͏෩ʹͰ΋ॻ͚Δ

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͜ΕͰΤϥʔ͕ى͖Δͱ AFYQFDU UPFRAʹͯ͠ΈΔ

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w AAҎ͕߱FYQFDUͰ͖͍ͯͳ͍

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"EFTDSJCFɾDPOUFYUɾJU JU಺ͰԿݸ΋FYQFDU͠ͳ͍ ్தͰ͚͜Δͱςετ͕தஅͯ͠͠·͏ FYQFDU͕ଟ͍ͱԿ͕ਖ਼ৗ͔෼͔ΓͮΒ͍

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࠷খ୯ҐΛJUͰғΉ

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΋ͬͱ෼͔Γ΍͘͢

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l·ͱ·ΓzΛEFTDSJCFͰ l৔߹෼͚zΛDPOUFYUͰ

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Կ͕͍͍ͷʁ Τϥʔى͖ͨ࣌ͷείʔϓΛখ͘͞Ͱ͖Δ ྫ͑͹ɺAAʹͳΓ͚ͨ͜ͱ͖ ෦෼తʹࣺͯ΍͍͢ ྫ͑͹ɺՃ๏ϝιουΛશ࡟আͨ͠ͱ͖

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"EFTDSJCFɾDPOUFYUɾJU 5*14EFTDSJCFͰz·ͱ·ΓzΛғΉ 5*14DPOUFYUͰz৔߹෼͚zΛғΉ 5*14JUͰz࠷খ୯ҐzΛғΉ

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#MFU CFGPSFͷҐஔ

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l࢛ଇԋࢉz௚ԼʹMFU Ճݮ৐আͦΕͧΕͷςετ͕େ͖͘ͳΔͱ

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ͭΒ͍

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EFTDSJCFͷ֎ʹMFUΛग़͢ͱ ୯७ʹίʔυ͕ಡΈͮΒ͍ είʔϓ͕޿͕ͬͯ͠·͏ ͪͳΈʹɺա౓ͳڞ௨ԽΛͨ࣌͠ʹى͖΍͍͢ɻ

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#MFU CFGPSFͷҐஔ 5*14EFTDSJCFͷ֎ʹMFUΛग़͞ͳ͍

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$్தͰVQEBUF

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ྫ͑͹ɺԿΒ͔ͷมߋ͕͋Γ MFU OVNCFS \^ʹ͢Δ͜ͱʹͳΓ·ͨ͠

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lQPJOUz͚͚ͩͯ͘͜Εͳ͍ ଞͱҰ༷ʹมߋ͞Εͳ͍ͷͰݟམͱͯ͠͠·͏

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$్தͰVQEBUF 5*14JU಺ͱ͔ͰVQEBUF͠ͳ͍

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%ฒͼॱܥϝιουͷςετ ͜Εʹ͍ͭͯ͸RJJUB IUUQTRJJUBDPNOBNJUPQJUFNT CGG⒎FEG

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ςετ࣌ؒΛ୹͘ " ςετͷ਺ΛݮΒ͢ # ແବͳϨίʔυΛ࡞Βͳ͍ $ DSFBUFΑΓ΋CVJME % UFTURVFVFΛ࢖͏

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"ςετͷ਺ΛݮΒ͢ ΧόϨοδΛ௥͏ඞཁ͕͋Δ͔ʁ SFRVFTUTQFDΛNPEFMTQFDʹஔ͖׵͑Εͳ͍ ͔

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#ແବͳΠϯελϯε MFUɺCFGPSFͳͲͰ࡞͍ͬͯͳ͍͔ GBDUPSZͰඥ෇͚͕ଟ͘ͳͬͯͳ͍͔

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$DSFBUFΑΓ΋CVJME DSFBUF͸ϞσϧΦϒδΣΫτ͕ੜ੒ͯ͠อଘ͢Δ CVJME͸ϞσϧΦϒδΣΫτΛੜ੒͢Δ

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