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!"- Map application platform that utilizes historical maps and cultural assets Kohei Otsuka – Code for History 1

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Table of contents • What is Code for History? • Introduction to ! • Examples of ! Use from the Perspective of Cultural Assets Conservation and Utilization • Conclusions 2

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What is Code for History? 3

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A community that uses information technology to solve historical problems https://code4history.dev/ 4

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Characteristics • We want to emphasize that for us, information technology is a "means" and not an “objective" • The "objective" is to solve a historical problem, and if necessary, to utilize non-IT means • The first priority is always to solve the problem • We have partnerships with several academic organizations and companies to solve the problems that exist • We also have a community of about 300 people on Facebook who come to ! for information • However, for now, Code for History is practically one person activity 5

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Introduction to ! 6

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Map viewer technology that allows you to enjoy walking around the city using historical maps and pictorial maps © OpenStreetMap © Utouto Tanken-tai 7

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Features of ! • Not distorting historical maps • Adjusting not only the location of the center point, but also the direction and scale • Bidirectional one-to-one conversion (Returning to the original display position after multiple map changes) • Converting lines to lines (Roads to roads, rivers to rivers, etc.) • It's open source, so anyone can create their own site with it • Project Sites: Viewer: https://github.com/code4history/Maplat/wiki Editor: https://github.com/code4history/MaplatEditor 8

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Not distorting historical maps • Existing technology (Web GIS) distorts historical maps 9

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Not distorting historical maps • ! overlays historical maps without distorting them 10

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Adjusting the direction and scale • Existing technology (Stroly) can't adjust the right orientation and scale 11 © Stroly © Stroly

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Adjusting the direction and scale • ! fits the direction and scale almost perfectly 12

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Bidirectional one-to-one conversion (homeomorphic conversion) • Existing technology (Stroly) shifts the display position when continuously switching maps 13 © Stroly © Stroly © Stroly

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Bidirectional one-to-one conversion (homeomorphic conversion) • ! does not shift the display position when continuously switching maps (Japan patent JP-6684776) 14

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• In the past, ! used to get misaligned on the road at times. Converting lines to lines Modern map Historical map 15

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• Latest ! can accurately convert a point on the road to a point on the road Converting lines to lines Modern map Corresponding lines (HTGCL) Historical map 16 ※ HTGCL: Historical Topographic Ground Control Line

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Demonstration (Video) 17

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Examples of ! Use from the Perspective of Cultural Assets Conservation and Utilization 18

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Perspectives on Cultural Assets Preservation 19 • Preservation of cultural assets: • Preservation of original materials is the top priority, but it is also important to think about what to do if they are lost, in order to ensure the permanence of cultural assets • Digitization: Cloning cultural assets in a virtual world • Making them open data: Decentralizing the location of data by allowing anyone to use them

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Perspectives on Cultural Assets Preservation • Preservation of cultural assets: • Preservation of original materials is the top priority, but it is also important to think about what to do if they are lost, in order to ensure the permanence of cultural assets • Digitization: Cloning cultural assets in a virtual world • Making them open data: Decentralizing the location of data by allowing anyone to use them 20 There's a project that will store open-projects (open source, open data) underground in the Arctic Ocean for the next 1000 years © github

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• Digitization and being open data: • These measures will prevent the complete loss of cultural assets due to disasters • The data will be used, not just stored, to make them familiar and useful to citizens • It could also create an economic effect that attracts new business • In case the cultural assets are data related to maps or location information, ! can help this! Effects of digitization and open data 21

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• Activities with “Network for Preserving Historical Materials in Gumma Prefecture (Gumma Shiryo-net)” • Cooperation in two locations, Tatebayashi city and Tamamura town • Two types of cultural asset data were made to open data and utilized • Historical map images • Location of the stone structures Case study: Tatebayashi city and Tamamura town in Gumma pref. 22

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• It is a famous castle town and there are plenty of historical maps available • Focused on activities to resurvey the location of stone structures and make them open data • Previous survey of stone structures was conducted 50 years ago, but the current statuses were unknown because they were not surveyed in conjunction with images or precise locations • Therefore, we are trying to make citizens aware that there are important cultural assets close at hand by re-surveying them, linking images and locations, and making them open data • Current coverage: • City center area: about 80%, rural area: about 10% Tatebayashi city 23

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Tatebayashi city result 24 URL: https://s.maplat.jp/r/tatebayashimap/

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• It's a small town, not very well known, but it still has its own proud history and good historical maps • The purpose of this activity was to make them available to the public so that the citizens could become familiar with the history • Surveys of stone structures will be conducted in this town in the future as well • There is also a possibility that we will take measures to make cultural assets more familiar to citizens in both Tatebayashi and Tamamura, such as using the ! site for citizens' street walking events Tamamura town 25

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Tamamura town result 26 URL: https://s.maplat.jp/r/tamamuramap/

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• Walking event was held by: Aizu-wakamatsu city officers Another example (1): Aizu-wakamatsu27 URL: https://s.maplat.jp/r/aizumap/ • Site provided by: Code for History © Aizu-wakamatsu city

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• Walking event was held by: Osaka City University Another example (2): Osaka city Higashinari ward 28 URL: https://higashinari-walk.fun/ • Site provided by: Higashinari ward office © Osaka City Univ.

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Conclusions 29

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• ! is an open-source map viewer technology that allows you to walk around town using historical maps • As one of the measures to protect cultural assets from disasters, it is important to decentralize the existence of data through digitization and making them open data • ! can help these activities for map related data Conslusions 30

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End User: kochizufan Github pages: https://code4history.dev/ E-mail: [email protected] Slide: https://speakerdeck.com/kochizufan/code4lib-2021 31

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Appendix 32

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Comparison of ordinal GIS data and ! data 33 Data Spec Ordinal Web GIS data (WMTS/TMS) ! data Viewer Google Maps API, HERE maps API, Leaflet, OpenLayers, MapBox GJ JS ! ! Data editor Maptiler QGIS + gdal2tiles MaplatEditor (Supplemental) MaplatEditor Description • Standard data format for delivering accurate maps in Mercator projection • Inaccurate maps cannot be delivered satisfying both of the following at the same time • Not distorting the map image • Aligning at all coordinates • Inaccurate maps can be delivered satisfying both of the following at the same time • Not distorting the map image • Aligning at all coordinates Note WMTS: Web Map Tile Service TMS: Tile Map Service

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! features comparison with Stroly 34 Features Stroly ! Ease of publishing ✅ Can be published just after editing ❌ Manual deployment of configuration files is required Communication over map ✅ Users can enjoy chatting on the map ❌ Communication functions are planned but not yet implemented Homeomorphic conversion ❌ ✅ Japan Patent technology Scale/direction conversion ❌ Bugs that cannot convert scale ✅ Scale/direction are precisely converted Convert Lines to Lines ❌ ✅ Map overlay ❌ Toggle switching only, slow ✅ Always overlay, briskly Off-line operation ❌ ✅ PWA support Network environment ❌ Work only on internet ✅ Can work on intranet/local Original domain ❌ Work only on stroly.com domain / server ✅ Can work on original domain / server HTML embedding ❌ IFRAME embedding only ✅ DIV embedding, can be controlled with API Share function ❌ Sharing map page only ✅ Sharing viewpoint is also possible Mobile support ❌ Only Stroly Inc. can build mobile apps ✅ iOS/Android libraries are provided (※) Open source ❌ ✅