2020 - A space odyssey with Micronaut and Quarkus

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1 Erik-Berndt Scheper 2020 - A space odyssey with Micronaut and Quarkus

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Agenda Introduction A brief history of Java Space Getting started Feature comparison Developer friendly? Production ready? High scores Wrap-up 2 https://pixabay.com/p-683065/

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Introduction - Let’s meet • Java Architect & Codesmith @ Ordina JTech ‣ I ❤ JAVA conferences! • Contracted by Ministry of Justice and Security • Passion for ‣ Big Data technologies ‣ Machine learning 3

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https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bartje#/media/File:Standbeeld-bartje.jpg Introduction - My home town 4 https://www.ttcircuit.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/0P9A1643AA-1024x683.jpg

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Agenda Introduction A brief history of Java Space Getting started Feature comparison Developer friendly? Production ready? High scores Wrap-up 5 https://pixabay.com/p-683065/

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:LH_95.jpg A brief history of Java Space … 6

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https://pixabay.com/nl/photos/spook-meisje-gotisch-donker-goth-2935132/ 1992 - J2EE 1.2 7 1. Deployment descriptors 2. EJB 2.x 3. Java Server Pages (and other horrors … )

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https://pixabay.com/nl/photos/krokus-bloem-lente-het-voorjaar-2139395/ 2006 - The EJB era ends 8

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https://sdtimes.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/spring-boot.png Containerless services in 201 9 2 3 4 5 …

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… but when you least expect it … 10 GAME OVER ?!?

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Micronaut 1. Developed by creators from Grails 2. Goals ‣ Provide all the necessary tools to build full featured microservice applications ‣ Avoid downsides of Spring, Spring Boot, Grails 3. Features ‣ Fast startup, reduced memory ‣ Minimal use of proxies & reﬂection 11

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Quarkus 1. Developed by RedHat 2. Goals ‣ Container-ﬁrst and cloud-native ‣ Imperative and reactive ‣ Optimized for developer joy 3. Features ‣ Extension system to integrate frameworks ‣ Minimal use of proxies & reﬂection 12

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https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/spitzer/multimedia/20080528.html 13 LET’S CHECK THIS OUT !

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Agenda Introduction A Brief history of Java Space Getting started Feature comparison Developer friendly? Production ready? High scores Wrap-up 15 https://pixabay.com/p-683065/

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https://pixabay.com/photos/rocket-launch-rocket-take-off-nasa-67643/ Getting started 16

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Getting started – Spring Boot • Spring Initializr project ‣ Open https://start.spring.io ‣ Enter name, features, etc. ‣ Download resulting zip-ﬁle • Or use the Spring-boot CLI … 17 $ brew tap pivotal/tap $ brew install springboot $ spring init -d=web,jpa \ -g com.github.fbascheper.odyssey \ -n spring-demo

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$ brew install micronaut $ setjdk8 # use JDK 8 to prevent warnings $ mn profile-info base # lists available features $ mn create-app com.github.fbascheper.odyssey.mn-demo \ --features=junit,jdbc-hikari,hibernate-jpa,graal-native-image \ --build=maven # default is GRADLE $ cd mn-demo $ ./mvnw verify Getting started – Micronaut 18

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$ # No CLI available :-( $ # Requires Maven pre-installed $ # Requires Maven to create a Gradle project ;-)  $ mvn io.quarkus:quarkus-maven-plugin:0.28.1:create \ -DprojectGroupId=com.github.fbascheper.odyssey \ -DprojectArtifactId=quarkus-demo \ -DclassName="com.github.fbascheper.odyssey.resource.VetResource" \ -Dpath="/vets" $ cd quarkus-demo $ ./mvnw quarkus:add-extension -Dextensions="agroal, hibernate-orm" $ ./mvnw compile quarkus:dev Getting started – Quarkus 19

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Getting started – Quarkus • Or you can also use the Quarkus bootstrap page HTTPS://CODE.QUARKUS.IO • Select the extensions • And download the resulting zip-ﬁle 20

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Agenda Introduction A Brief history of Java Space Getting started Feature comparison Developer friendly? Production ready? High scores Wrap-up 21 https://pixabay.com/p-683065/

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Feature comparison 1. Language support 2. Framework support 3. Shell integration (*NIX) 4. Kubernetes support 22 https://pixabay.com/nl/photos/vintage-schaal-evenwicht-weegschaal-2862708/

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• Java ✔ ✔ ✔ • Groovy ✔ ✘ ✔ • Kotlin ✔ ✔ ✔ • Scala ✘ ✔ ✔ Language support 23 MICRONAUT QUARKUS SPRING BOOT

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Framework support • Java / Jakarta EE ✘ ✘ ✘ • Eclipse MicroProfile certified ✘ ✔ ✘ ‣ (Sub) specification support: - CDI ✔ ✔ ✔ - JSON-P / JSON-B ✔ ✔ ✔ - JAX-RS ✔ ✔ ✔ - JWT ✔ ✔ ✔ • Reactive Messaging ✔ ✔ ✔ 24 MICRONAUT QUARKUS SPRING BOOT

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Framework support 25

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Spring DI compatibility • QUARKUS provides a ‘Spring’ compatibility extension • With support for Spring framework annotations, such as ‣ @Autowired (with @Qualiﬁer) ‣ @Component ‣ @Value • NOTE: THIS WILL NOT ‣ Start a Spring Application Context ‣ Run any Spring infrastructure classes 26

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Spring DI compatibility • MICRONAUT also has integration for ‘Spring’ compatibility • With support for ‣ Spring framework annotations, events, … ‣ Spring boot annotations ‣ Spring MVC controllers • You can even use Micronaut as a parent application context • QUESTION: HOW MUCH SPRING DO YOU NEED??? 27

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Command-line tools • Maven plugin ‣ Run application ✘ ✔ ✔ ‣ Hot reloading ✘ ✔ ✘ • Gradle support ✔ ✘ ✔ • Shell support ‣ New project ✔ ✘ ✔ ‣ Modify project ✔ ✘ ✘ 28 MICRONAUT QUARKUS SPRING BOOT

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Cloud / Kubernetes support • Build Docker build ‣ Native compilation (GraalVM) ✔ ✔ ✘ • Read Kubernetes metadata ‣ ConﬁgMaps ✔ ✘ ✘ ‣ Secrets ✔ ✘ ✘ • Kubernetes Service Discovery ‣ Clients can discover Kubernetes services ✔ ✘ ✘ 29 MICRONAUT QUARKUS SPRING BOOT

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Summing up • Quarkus ‣ MicroProﬁle 2.2 certiﬁed ‣ Hot code replacement • Micronaut ‣ Best Kubernetes support • Spring Boot ‣ Familiar to everyone ‣ Best language / framework support 30 https://pixabay.com/nl/photos/rekenmachine-nummer-3051722/ NO CLEAR WINNER !

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Agenda Introduction A Brief history of Java Space Getting started Framework support Developer friendly? Production ready? High scores Wrap-up 31 https://pixabay.com/p-683065/

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Developer Friendly? • Minimal requirements ‣ Documentation ‣ IDE Support ‣ Examples • Stack overﬂow ?! • Productivity ‣ Hot code replacement ‣ Single conﬁguration 32

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Developer Friendly? • Minimal requirements ‣ Documentation - similar ‣ IDE Support - SPRING BOOT ! ‣ Examples • Stack overﬂow ?! • Productivity ‣ Hot code replacement ‣ Single conﬁguration 33 QUARKUS ! }

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Various build types - with Quarkus 34 • Development build • Native image ‣ For your LOCAL operating system • Cross compilation $ ./mvnw compile quarkus:dev $ ./mvnw package -Pnative $ ./mvnw package -Pnative -Dnative-image.docker-build=true # Alternative: docker build -f src/main/docker/Dockerfile.multistage .\ WHAT’S THE DIFFERENCE ? / /

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Quarkus development build 35 $ ./mvnw compile quarkus:dev

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Quarkus development build 36 $ http :8080/vets EXISTING CODE OK !

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Quarkus development build 37 @Path("/pets") @Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON) @Consumes(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON) public class PetResource { @GET public List list() { return Pet.listAll(); } } CREATED NEW RESOURCE !

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Quarkus development build 38 $ http :8080/pets TEST FAILED !

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Quarkus development build 39 @Entity @Table(name = "pets") public class Pet extends NamedEntity { @ManyToOne @JoinColumn(name = "owner_id") @JsonbTransient public Owner owner; @OneToMany(cascade = CascadeType.ALL, mappedBy = "pet", fetch = FetchType.EAGER) @JsonbTransient public Set visits = new LinkedHashSet<>(); } CODE FIXED !

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Quarkus native image build - MacOS 40 ABOUT 4 MINUTES! $ ./mvnw package -Pnative

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Quarkus cross-compile build 41 ABOUT 30 MINUTES! $ ./mvnw package -Pnative -Dnative-image.docker-build=true

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http://www.buildwithcare.ca/images/footer_logo.png Developer Friendly? 42 YES, BUT …

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Agenda Introduction A Brief history of Java Space Getting started Framework support Developer friendly? Production ready? High scores Wrap-up 43 https://pixabay.com/p-683065/

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Production ready? • Minimal requirements ‣ Stable ‣ Secure (patches) ‣ Active (updates) • Nice to have ‣ Community ?! ‣ Support contracts?! 44

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Performance timing • Startup time 3.448 s 3.430 s 0.019 s 5.564 s • Average request time after warmup (time http :8080/vets) ‣ Real 0.365s 0.307s 0.265s 0.270s ‣ User 0.263s 0.246s 0.210s 0.215s ‣ Sys 0.055s 0.044s 0.045s 0.045s 45 MICRONAUT QUARKUS-DEV QUARKUS-NATIVE SPRING BOOT

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Agenda Introduction A Brief history of Java Space Getting started Framework support Developer friendly? Production ready? High scores Wrap-up 46 https://pixabay.com/p-683065/

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<< Attribution >> 47 High scores

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• You need native images ‣ GraalVM / Docker / Kubernetes ‣ Function as a Service applications • AND you can handle ‣ Living on the bleeding edge ‣ Frequent (weekly?) updates • AND you trust RedHat / IBM Choose Quarkus, if… 48

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Choose Micronaut, if… • You need native images ‣ GraalVM / Docker / Kubernetes ‣ Function as a Service • BUT you cannot handle ‣ Living on the bleeding edge ‣ Frequent (weekly?) updates • OR you need something special ‣ Gradle / Groovy support ? 49

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Choose Spring Boot, if… • You don’t need ‣ Native images ‣ Hot reloading (JRebel / DCEVM) ‣ … • OR You rely on JDK7, Reﬂection, … • OR You’re using Spring speciﬁc frameworks • OR you just want to be ‘safe’ 50

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Agenda Introduction A Brief history of Java Space Getting started Framework support Developer friendly? Production ready? High scores Wrap-up 51 https://pixabay.com/p-683065/