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GradleϓϥάΠϯΛ࡞ͬͯ
։ൃޮΛվળ͠Α͏
Yuki Fujisaki @ DeployGate Inc.
DroidKaigi 2018, Day 2, Room #3
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ର
• Android։ൃͯ͠Δ
• GradleεΫϦϓτΛฤूͨ͠ܦݧ͕ଟগ͋Δ
• GradleϓϥάΠϯ࡞ͬͨ͜ͱͳ͍
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ରԠڥ
• Gradle 4.4
• Gradle Android Plugin 3.2.0-alpha01
• Android Studio 3.1 Preview
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build.gradleϑΝΠϧ
ΧελϚΠζͯ͠Δ?
Do you customize
build.gradle regularly?
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Α͘ॻͭ͘
• debugϏϧυ͚ͩύοέʔδ໊Λม͑ͨΓ
buildTypes {
debug {
applicationIdSuffix '.debug'
versionNameSuffix '-debug'
}
}
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Α͘ॻͭ͘
• gitͷϋογϡຒΊࠐΜͩΓ
def hash = 'git rev-parse --short HEAD'.
execute([], project.rootDir).in.text.trim()
versionNameSuffix "-$hash"
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Α͘ॻͭ͘
• APKϑΝΠϧ໊ʹόʔδϣϯೖΕͨΓ
android.applicationVariants.all { variant ->
variant.outputs.all {
outputFileName =
"${variant.name}-${variant.versionName}.apk"
}
}
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ศརͰ͢ΑͶʂ
Ͱ…
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…͋ͪͪ͜Ͱॻ͍ͯΔ?
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ڞ௨Խ͠Α͏
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ຊͷ
1. GradleϓϥάΠϯɺࢥͬͨΑΓ؆୯ʹ࡞ΕΔ
2. ࡞͔ͬͯΒެ։͢Δ·ͰͷखॱΛશ෦આ໌ʂ
3. ൃදΛฉ͖ऴΘͬͨΒϓϥάΠϯ࡞ऀʹͳΕΔ
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Android։ൃޮվળ
GradleϓϥάΠϯ։ൃ
جૅฤ
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build.gradle
• ઃఆϑΝΠϧʹݟ͑Δ͚Ͳ
• ʮϏϧυͷઃఆΛߦ͏εΫϦϓτʯ
• ७વͨΔ Groovy εΫϦϓτ
• JavaͰॻ͚Δ͠ɺKotlinͰॻ͚Δ
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build.gradle
• ϧʔτʹ1ͭ + ϓϩδΣΫτ͝ͱʹ1ͭͣͭ ͕جຊ
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.gradleϑΝΠϧ
• ࣮ϦϞʔτʹஔ͚Δ
apply from: 'https://example.com/mysettings.groovy'
• هड़ͨ͠ॴͰల։͞Εͨͷͱಉ͡ޮՌ
• ࠷ॳͷྫ͙Β͍Ͱ͋Ε͜ΕͰڞ௨ԽͰ͖Δ
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࠷খߏͷ
GradleϓϥάΠϯ
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A plugin is simply any class
that implements the Plugin
interface.
— Gradle User Manual
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Hello World!ϓϥάΠϯ
class MyPlugin implements Plugin {
@Override
void apply(Project project) {
println "Hello ${project.name}!"
}
}
apply plugin: MyPlugin
✅
͍͖ͳΓ build.gradle ʹʹॻ͍ͯOK
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షΓ͚ͯ
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./gradlew
"Hello app!"
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खܰͰ͠ΐʁ
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Plugin interface
public interface Plugin {
void apply(T target);
}
• apply plugin: ͨ͠ͱ͖ʹݺͼग़͞ΕΔ
• ͯ͢Λ͜͜Ͱఆٛ͢Δ
• ઃఆΛՃ͢Δ, ৽͍͠λεΫΛ࡞Δ,
ίʔϧόοΫΛઃఆ͢Δ, etc.
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࣮Λॻ͍ͯΈΔ
ྫ: debugϏϧυΛ͔Γ͘͢͢ΔϓϥάΠϯ
• debugϏϧυ࣌ʹ
• versionName ʹ -DEBUG ΛՃ
• applicationId ʹ .debug ΛՃ
Ͳ͔͜Ͱݟͨͳ?
!
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3લʹग़͖ͯͨͭ
͜ΕΛͳ
.
android {
buildTypes {
debug {
applicationIdSuffix '.debug'
versionNameSuffix '-DEBUG'
}
}
}
.ɹ
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classఆٛ + Project#with{}Ͱғͬͯ͋͛Δ
͜͏͡Ό
class AutoDebugSuffixPlugin implements Plugin {
void apply(Project target) {
target.with {
android {
buildTypes {
debug {
applicationIdSuffix '.debug'
versionNameSuffix '-DEBUG'
}
}
}
}
}
}
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ˑ
͋ͱ͜ͷ Plugin Λ apply ͢Δ
apply plugin: AutoDebugSuffixPlugin
• όʔδϣϯ໊ʹࣗಈతʹ -DEBUG ͕͘!
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…͍ઃఆ͙Β͍͍࣋ͨͤͨ
• ʮόʔδϣϯ໊ม͑ͨ͘ͳ͍ʯͱ͔
• ͋ΔͰ͠ΐʁ
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Extension
• ઃఆΛ֨ೲ͢ΔΦϒδΣΫτ
• ࣮ଶJavaBean(field + getter/setter)
• Project ʹՃͰ͖Δ
• ͍ͭͷ android {} Extension
• AppExtension
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Ͳ͏ઃఆΛهड़͍ͨ͠ʁ
ྫ͑build.gradleʹ͜͏͍͏ײ͡Ͱॻ͖͍ͨ
autoDebugSuffix {
updateVersionName = false // όʔδϣϯ໊มߋͨ͘͠ͳ͍
}
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Extensionͷ࣮
class AutoDebugSuffixExtension {
boolean updateVersionName = true // σϑΥϧτtrue
}
• GroovyͳΒ͜Ε͚ͩͰgetter/setter͕ੜ͑Δ
• Ϋϥε໊ಛʹ੍ͳ͍
• Extension ͰऴΘΔͷ͕௨ྫ
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ProjectʹExtensionΛՃ
void apply(Project target) {
def extension = target.extensions.create(
"autoDebugSuffix", AutoDebuguffixExtension
)
}
• build.gradle Ͱ autoDebugSuffix {} Λ
ఆٛՄೳʹ
• if (extension.updateVersionName) Ͱ
ධՁ͢Ε͍͍…ʁ
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⾠ εΫϦϓτͷධՁॱং
• ʮϏϧυͷઃఆΛߦ͏εΫϦϓτʯ
• target.extensions.create ͷ࣌
• ·ͩઃఆͷهड़ߦ·Ͱ࣮ߦ͕౸ୡͯ͠ͳ͍
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class AutoDebugSuffixPlugin implements Plugin {
void apply(Project target) {
// [2] Projectʹ `autoDebugSuffix {}` ͕ੜ͑Δ
def extension = target.extensions.create(
"autoDebugSuffix", AutoDebuguffixExtension)
// [3] if (extension.updateVersionName) ͯ͠
// ·ͩԼͷઃఆ͕ධՁ͞Ε͍ͯͳ͍
}
}
// [1] ͜͜Ͱ AutoDebugSuffixPlugin#apply() ͕ݺΕΔ
apply plugin: AutoDebugSuffixPlugin
// [4] apply ͔Β͖ͬͯͯɺҎԼ͕ධՁ͞ΕΔ
autoDebugSuffix {
updateDisplayVersion false
}
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[3] ͷ࣌Ͱಈ͔ͳ͍
android {
buildTypes {
debug {
applicationIdSuffix '.debug'
// ҎԼͷΑ͏ʹॻ͖͑ͯظ௨Γʹಈ͔ͳ͍
if (extension.updateVersionName) {
versionNameSuffix '-DEBUG'
}
}
}
}
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͓ؾ࣋ͪ
build.gradleΛҰ௨ΓධՁͨ͠ޙͰ
࣮ߦͯ͠΄͍͠ίʔυ͕͋ΔΜͩ…
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afterEvaluate ίʔϧόοΫ
• build.gradleશମͷධՁޙʹݺͼग़ͯ͘͠ΕΔ
• ઃఆʹґଘͨ͠ಈ࡞Λߦ͏λΠϛϯά
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void apply(Project target) {
def extension = target.extensions.create(
"autoDebugSuffix", AutoDebugSuffixExtension)
// build.gradleͷධՁ͕ऴΘͬͨޙͰ࣮ߦ͞ΕΔ
target.afterEvaluate { project ->
project.android {
buildTypes {
debug {
applicationIdSuffix '.debug'
// ධՁޙͳͷͰઃఆ͕ө͞Ε͍ͯΔ
if (extension.updateVersionName) {
versionNameSuffix '-DEBUG'
}
}
}
}
}
}
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͜ΕͰ
• debugϏϧυΛࣗಈͰ͚ͯ͘ΕΔ
• όʔδϣϯ໊Λ৮ͬͯཉ͘͠ͳ͍ͱ͖
autoDebugSuffix.updateVersionName = false
ઃఆՄೳͳϓϥάΠϯ͕Ͱ͖ͨʂ
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ͦΖͦΖ
ެ։Ͱ͖Δʁ
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ͪΐͬͱམͪͭ͜͏
• ެ։ͷํ๏10ޙʹઆ໌͠·͢
ͱ͜ΖͰมΘΔ͚Ͳ
• APKϑΝΠϧͷग़ྗઌͬͯຯʹ
Ε͕ͪ͡Όͳ͍?
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APKϑΝΠϧͷग़ྗઌ
productFlavor Ͱ֊͕ਂ͘ͳΓ͕ͪ
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͜Μͳػೳཉ͘͠ͳ͍ʁ
1. Ϗϧυྃ࣌ʹग़ྗઌΛදࣔͯ͘͠ΕΔ
2. ࢦఆͨ͠ϑϨʔόʔͷAPKϑΝΠϧͷॴΛFinder
Ͱ։͚Δ
3. Ϗϧυྃ࣌ʹࣗಈతʹϑΝΠϧͷॴΛ։͘Α
͏ʹͰ͖Δ
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࡞Γ·͠ΐ͏
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Android։ൃޮվળ
GradleϓϥάΠϯ։ൃ
࣮ફฤ
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͜͜ͰΔ͜ͱ
• GradleͷλεΫΛ࡞Δ
• Gradle Android Pluginͱ࿈ܞ͢Δ
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λεΫ
• ໊લ͖ͷॲཧͷմ
• ίϚϯυϥΠϯ͔Βݺͼग़ͤΔ
• ґଘؔΛఆٛͰ͖Δ
ྫ
./gradlew assembleDebug
• debugϏϧυͷAPKΛੜ͢Δ
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खܰͳλεΫͷఆٛํ๏
void apply(Project target) {
target.task('hello').doLast {
println "Hello!"
}
}
↓
$ ./gradlew hello
Hello!
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ఆٛࡁΈͷλεΫʹॲཧΛՃՄೳ
• Task#doFirst
• λεΫͷઌ಄ʹՃ
• Task#doLast
• λεΫͷ࠷ޙʹՃ
• << ͱॻ͚Δ(Gradle 5.0ͰdeprecatedʹͳΔ)
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λεΫʹॲཧΛՃ
target.task('hello').doLast {
println "Hello!"
}
target.task('hello').doLast {
println "Nice to meet you!"
}
↓
$ ./gradlew hello
Hello!
Nice to meet you!
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λεΫಈతʹੜՄೳ
ྫ: buildTypes productFlavors
buildTypes { debug {}; release {} }
productFlavors { development {}; production {} }
↓
assembleDevelopmentDebug, assembleDevelopmentRelease,
assembleProductionDebug, assembleProductionRelease
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࡞Γ͍ͨػೳ1
ʮϏϧυྃ࣌ʹग़ྗઌΛදࣔͯ͘͠ΕΔʯ
1. assemble*ͷ࠷ޙʹॲཧΛՃͯ͠ΕΑͦ͞͏
㱺λεΫΛྻڍ͍ͨ͠
2. ϑΝΠϧ໊Λऔಘͯ͘͠Δඞཁ͕͋Γͦ͏
㱺ग़ྗઌͷใ͕ཉ͍͠
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Android Plugin DSL Reference
https://google.github.io/android-gradle-dsl/current/
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ࠓճ͏ͷ
• AppExtension#applicationVariants
• ͯ͢ͷ ApplicationVariant ΛͬͯΔ
• developmentDebug, productionRelease ͳͲ
• ApplicationVariant: Ϗϧυʹඞཁͳใ
✅
assemble λεΫʹΞΫηεͰ͖Δ
✅
outputs ͔Βग़ྗϑΝΠϧʹΞΫηεͰ͖Δ
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assemble ʹॲཧΛՃ
• applicationVariants.all ͰྻڍˍՃ͢Δ
void apply(Project target) {
target.android.applicationVariants.all { v ->
v.assemble.doLast {
println "${v.outputs.first().outputFile}"
}
}
}
• ApplicationVariant#outputs
㱺ग़ྗϑΝΠϧใ
• obbׂ͞ΕΔ࣌ෳ͋Δ(Ұ൪ઌ಄͕APK)
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assembleͯ͠ΈΔͱ
$ ./gradlew assembleDevelopmentDebug
> Task :app:assembleDevelopmentDebug
/Users/tnj/git/MyKotlin/app/build/outputs/apk/development/
debug/app-development-debug.apk
BUILD SUCCESSFUL in 1s
28 actionable tasks: 1 executed, 27 up-to-date
• Ϗϧυྃ࣌ʹग़ྗઌ͕ग़ΔΑ͏ʹͳͬͨʂ
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࡞Γ͍ͨػೳ2
ʮࢦఆͨ͠ϑϨʔόʔͷAPKϑΝΠϧͷॴΛ
ɹFinderͰ։͚Δʯ
• locate* ͱ͍͏λεΫΛੜͯ͠ΈΔ
• "locate${variant.name.capitalize()}"
• variant.name == "devDebug"
• variant.name.captialize() == "DevDebug"
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locateλεΫΛՃ
void apply(Project target) {
target.android.applicationVariants.all { v ->
target.task("locate${v.name.capitalize()}").doLast {
["open", "-R",
variant.outputs.first().outputFile].
execute()
}
}
}
• ϑΝΠϧͷॴΛ։͘ʹ
Mac: open -R, Windows: explorer
• List ʹ execute() ͕ੜ͑ͯΔ
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• ./gradlew locateDevelopmentDebug
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• λεΫ࣮ߦ͕ྃͯ͠
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• ग़ྗઌΛFinderͰ։͍ͨʂ
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࡞Γ͍ͨػೳ3
ʮϏϧυྃ࣌ʹࣗಈతʹϑΝΠϧͷॴΛ։͘Α
͏ʹͰ͖Δʯ
• ͜Ε·Ͱͷ࣮ͷΈ߹Θͤ
• ґଘؔΛઃఆͨ͠৽͍͠λεΫΛ࡞Δ
• assemble λεΫʹґଘͤ͞Δ
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Ϗϧυྃ࣌ʹFinderΛ։͘
assembleAndLocate* ͱ͍͏λεΫΛ࡞Δ
•
dependsOn Ͱґଘ͢ΔλεΫΛࢦఆ
void apply(Project target) {
target.android.applicationVariants.all { v ->
target.task(
"assembleAndLocate${v.name.capitalize()}",
dependsOn: v.assemble).doLast {
["open", "-R",
v.outputs.first().outputFile].
execute()
}
}
}
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• ./gradlew assembleAndLocateDevelopmentDebug
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• Ϗϧυ͕࣮ߦ͞Εͯ
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• ྃ࣌ʹग़ྗઌΛFinderͰ։͍ͨʂ
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Ͱ͖ͨϓϥάΠϯ
• Ϗϧυྃ࣌ʹग़ྗઌΛදࣔͯ͘͠ΕΔ
• ࢦఆͨ͠ϑϨʔόʔͷAPKϑΝΠϧͷॴΛ
FinderͰ։͚Δ
• Ϗϧυྃ࣌ʹࣗಈతʹϑΝΠϧͷॴΛ
։͘Α͏ʹͰ͖Δ
ศརͳͷͰʁ
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…ͱɺαΫαΫ࡞͖ͬͯ·͕ͨ͠
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σόοάͱ͔Ͳ͏ͯ͠Δͷ
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σόοάTips 1/2
ʮྫ֎ు͍ͯ BUILD FAILED ͚ͩʂʯ
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σόοάTips 1/2
✅
--stacktrace ΦϓγϣϯΛ͚Δ
• ελοΫτϨʔεు͘Α͏ʹͳΔ
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σόοάTips 2/2
ʮ͋ͷ͞σόοΨͱ͔͑ͳ͍ͷʁʯ
• GradleJavaΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ
✅
Android StudioͷσόοΨΛΞλονՄೳ
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σόοΨͷ४උ 1/3
• Android Studio ͷ Edit Configuration Λ։͘
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σόοΨͷ४උ 2/3
• Add New Configuration Ͱ Remote Λબ
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σόοΨͷ४උ 3/3
• σϑΥϧτͷઃఆͷ··OK
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σόοΨΛ͏ 1/4
• ͍ͭ௨ΓʹϒϨʔΫϙΠϯτΛઃఆ͢Δ
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σόοΨΛ͏ 2/4
./gradlew -Dorg.gradle.debug=true --no-daemon
• Gradle͕࣮ߦ͞ΕͯɺσόοΨͪʹͳΔ
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σόοΨΛ͏ 3/4
• Android Studio Ͱ Debug... ϘλϯΛԡ͢
• σόοΨ͕Ξλον͞Ε࣮ͯߦ͕ܧଓ͞ΕΔ
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σόοΨΛ͏ 4/4
• ϒϨʔΫϙΠϯτͰࢭ·Δ
• Λࢀরͨ͠Γɺεςοϓ࣮ߦͨ͠Γ
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େମ࡞ΕΔΑ͏ʹͳΓ·ͨ͠Ͷ
ެ։͍͖ͯ͠·͠ΐ͏
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ύοέʔδϯά
• ҰൃͰϓϥάΠϯ༻ͷϓϩδΣΫτ͕Ͱ͖Δ
ศརίϚϯυͳ͍
gradle init --type groovy-library͕Ұ൪͍ۙ
• ςϯϓϨϓϩδΣΫτΛWeb্Ͱެ։ͯ͠Δํ
• ͕ɺࠓճ࠷খߏͰઆ໌͠·͢
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ܾΊͱ͘͜ͱ
• ϓϥάΠϯID
ྫ: sh.nothing.auto-debug-suffix
• ΞϧϑΝϕοτɺࣈɺ.ɺ-
• όʔδϣϯ
// Πϝʔδ
dependencies {
classpath 'sh.nothing:auto-debug-suffix:0.1.0'
}
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࠷খݶඞཁͳϑΝΠϧ
• src/main/
• groovy/${ϓϥάΠϯ࣮Ϋϥε}.groovy
• resources/META-INF/gradle-plugins/
${ϓϥάΠϯID}.properties
• settings.gradle
• தۭͰOK
• build.gradle
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${ϓϥάΠϯID}.properties
• Gradle͕࣮ΫϥεΛݟ͚ͭΔͨΊʹඞཁ
• த implementation-class= ͷ1ߦ
implementation-class=sh.nothing.gradle.AutoDebugSuffixPlugin
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ߏྫ
• src/
• main/
• resources/META-INF/gradle-plugins/
sh.nothing.auto-debug-suffix.properties
• groovy/sh/nothing/gradle/
AutoDebugSuffixPlugin.groovy
• build.gradle
• settings.gradle
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build.gradle
࠷ݶॻ͘༰࣍ͷ௨Γ
apply plugin: 'groovy'
dependencies {
compile gradleApi()
compile localGroovy()
}
version = '0.1.0'
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࣮ϑΝΠϧ
• ͖ͬ͞·Ͱbuild.gradleͷ࡞ͬͯͨͭΛίϐϖ!
class AutoDebugSuffixPlugin implements Plugin {
void apply(Project target) {
def extension = target.extensions.create(
"autoDebugSuffix", AutoDebugSuffixExtension)
target.afterEvaluate { project ->
project.android.buildTypes.debug {
applicationIdSuffix '.debug'
if (extension.updateVersionName)
versionNameSuffix '-DEBUG'
}
}
}
}
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Android StudioͰ։͘
• build.gradle ͕Ͱ͖ͨΒ Android Studio Ͱ։͚Δ
• ෆ͍ͯ͠Δ package import Λิ͢Δ
• build.gradle ͷதͰେମ import ͞Εͯͯෆཁ
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jarͷ࡞
• ./gradlew assemble ͨ͠Β jar ͷͰ͖͕͋Γ!
• build/libs ͷԼʹͰ͖ͯΔ
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ϩʔΧϧͰͬͯΈΑ͏
• mavenϓϥάΠϯͰϩʔΧϧΠϯετʔϧ͢Δ
apply plugin: 'maven'
group = 'sh.nothing'
archivesBaseName = 'auto-debug-suffix'
version = '0.1.0'
• install λεΫ͕͑ΔΑ͏ʹͳΔ
࣮ߦ͢Δͱ $HOME/.m2/repository ͷԼʹஔ
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ͬͯΈΔ
ϩʔΧϧʹଞͷϓϩδΣΫτͷ build.gradle Ͱ
buildscript {
repositories {
mavenLocal() // ϩʔΧϧͷϦϙδτϦΛ͑ΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δ
}
dependencies {
classpath 'sh.nothing:auto-debug-suffix:0.1.0'
}
}
ͱॻ͍ͯɺ
apply plugin: 'sh.nothing.auto-debug-suffix'
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ͳΜͱͳ͘
͍ͭͬͯΔײ͡ʹ͍͖ۙͮͯ·ͨ͠Ͷʁ
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͍Α͍Αੈք
ެ։͢Δͱ͖
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Gradle Plugin Portal
https://plugins.gradle.org/
ҎલBintray͔Maven Centralͷ
Ξοϓϩʔυ͕ඞཁ͚ͩͬͨͲࠓෆཁ
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ެ։खॱ 1/5
https://plugins.gradle.org/user/register
ΞΧϯτΛ࡞Γ·͠ΐ͏
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ެ։खॱ 2/5
build.gradle ͷઌ಄ʹهड़
plugins {
id "com.gradle.plugin-publish" version "0.9.9"
}
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ެ։खॱ 3/5
͓ΉΖʹ login λεΫΛ࣮ߦ
./gradlew login
ϦϯΫ͕දࣔ͞ΕΔ
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ϦϯΫΛ։͘ͱ
ΞΫϩόςΟοΫʹϩάΠϯྃʂ
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ެ։खॱ 4/5
ެ։ʹඞཁͳઃఆΛॻ͘
pluginBundle {
website = 'https://github.com/tnj/auto-debug-suffix'
vcsUrl = 'https://github.com/tnj/auto-debug-suffix'
description = 'Automatically add DEBUG suffix...'
tags = ['android']
plugins {
// ҙͷ໊લͰෳఆٛՄೳ
autoDebugSuffix {
id = 'sh.nothing.auto-debug-suffix'
displayName = 'Auto Debug Suffix Plugin'
}
}
}
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ެ։खॱ 5/5
./gradlew publishPlugins Λ࣮ߦ
͜ΕͰެ։ྃʂ͓खܰʂ
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ϓϩϑΟʔϧϖʔδʹΔͱ
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Gradle Plugin Portalͷτοϓʹ
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ެ։ͨ͠ϓϥάΠϯͷ͍ํ
• ৽͍͠ plugins DSL͕͑Δ
dependencies apply plugin ͕ඞཁͳ͍
• ͍͍ͨϓϩδΣΫτͷ build.gradle ͷઌ಄ʹ
plugins {
id "sh.nothing.auto-debug-suffix" version "0.1.0"
}
ͱॻ͚ґଘղܾͱ apply ͕ಉ࣌ʹྃʂ
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plugins DSLʹ͍ͭͯ
The feature is technically still incubating, but it works
well, and should be used by most users.
• ʮ΄ͱΜͲͷϢʔβʔʹ͕͓ͬͪ͜קΊʯ
• ·੍ͩ͋Γ
• version ʹม͕͑ͳ͍
• ଞͷ apply plugin ͱͷΈ߹Θͤ →࣍
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࣮ࡍެ։͠·ͨ͠
͍ํ
plugins {
id "sh.nothing.auto-debug-suffix" version "0.1.0"
id "sh.nothing.locate-apk" version "0.1.0" apply false
}
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
apply plugin: 'sh.nothing.locate-apk'
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͓ΘΓʹ
• GradleϓϥάΠϯ৽͍͠ϑΝΠϧ͑͞
࡞Δ͜ͱͳ͘࡞Γ࢝ΊΒΕ·͢
• ͲΜͲΜ࡞ͬͯެ։͍͖ͯ͠·͠ΐ͏
• ࠓճͷͭ
• github:tnj/gradle-auto-debug-suffix-plugin
• github:tnj/gradle-locate-apk-plugin