#2 Switching Techniques ET3003 Computer Networks For Electrical Power EngineeringStudents Dr. Tutun Juhana Telecommunication Engineering Study Program School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Institut Teknologi Bandung For Electrical Power EngineeringStudents 

Switching Networks A collection of nodes and connections is a communications network Data is routed by being switched from node to node 

How to Switch the Data? •Circuit switching •Packet switching – Datagram – Datagram – Virtual circuit 

Circuit switching Communication via circuit switching involves three phases: – Circuit Establishment connection oriented – Data Transfer – Circuit Disconnect – Circuit Disconnect Circuit Dedicated communication path between two stations Developed for voice traffic (phone; Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN)) – Delay (and delay variation (jitter)) is guaranteed as required by voice traffic 

Circuit switching analogy 

Circuit switching is inefficient – Channel capacity dedicated for duration of connection If no data, capacity wasted Information is transmitted at a fixed data rate with no delay (except for the propagatio a fixed data rate with no delay (except for the propagatio n delay) 

Packet Switching Station breaks long message into packets Packets sent one at a time to the network Packets sent one at a time to the network Network resources are shared 

Packet switching analogy 

In packet switching, packets are handled in two ways – Datagram – Virtual circuit 

Datagram There’s no preplanned route establis hed before any packets sent conn ectionless Each packet treated independently Each packet treated independently Packets can take any practical route Packets may arrive out of order Packets may go missing Up to receiver to re-order packets an d recover from missing packets 

Virtual Circuit • A preplaned route is established before any packets are sent c onnection oriented – Call request and call accept pack ets establish connection (handsh ake) • Once route is established, all the packets follow same route packets follow same route • Each packet contains a Virtual Cir cuit Identifier (VCI) • No routing decisions required for each packet • Clear request to drop circuit • Not a dedicated path 

Example of virtual circuit – X.25 (old technology) – Frame Relay 

What is the difference between circuit switching What is the difference between circuit switching and virtual circuit-packet switching? 

Where to download https://speakerdeck.com/tutun