The Aurora - Speaker Deck

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THE AURORA Robert Simpson -‐ Oxford University

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Carrington Event September 1st, 1859 Aurora seen all over the world Sparks ﬂew from telegraph poles

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1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 Proton Flux Major Solar Flare IntensiQes

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1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 Proton Flux APOLLO 11 12 14 15 16 17 Major Solar Flare IntensiQes

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1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 Proton Flux APOLLO 11 12 14 15 16 17 Sickness Death Major Solar Flare IntensiQes

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E=mc2

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Sun converts Hydrogen into Helium 0.7% of the mass turns into energy 4 million tonnes are lost per second E= mc2

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3.6× 1026 W

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3.6× 1026 W 163 W/m2

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THE SOLAR WIND Protons and electrons 400 km/s (1.5 million km/hr) 1.3 × 1036 parQcles/s 6.7 × 109 tonnes/hr

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Oxygen Nitrogen

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Oxygen Nitrogen

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Oxygen Oxygen Oxygen Oxygen Nitrogen

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Oxygen Oxygen Nitrogen Nitrogen Oxygen Oxygen

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Oxygen Oxygen Nitrogen Nitrogen Oxygen Oxygen Nitrogen

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Huge, empty and dominated by the Sun. If the earth is a peppercorn, Jupiter is a walnut and the Sun is a beach ball. It is o`en what we cannot see (magneQsm, UV) that is important in astronomy. THE SOLAR SYSTEM

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Billions of tonnes of material moving at millions of miles per hour! Charged parQcles excite molecules in the atmosphere to create the colours. An auroral oval that shrinks and grows with the solar wind. Best seen from the polar regions -‐ and when it’s dark! THE AURORA

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Robert Simpson [email protected] @orbiQngfrog