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@JoeKarlsson1 IoT and JS(?!) A Gentle Introduction to the Internet of Things @JoeKarlsson1

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{ name: “Joe Karlsson”, company: “MongoDB”, title: [ “Developer Advocate”, “Software Engineer” ], twitter: “@JoeKarlsson1”, twitch: “joe_karlsson”, website: “joekarlsson.com”, }

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@JoeKarlsson1 MagicMirror^2 @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 Moodlite @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 How is this going to work? @JoeKarlsson1

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MongoDB Overview *I promise this will be fast and hopefully actually useful @JoeKarlsson1

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Scale cheaper! As the size of your database grows, scale horizontally. @JoeKarlsson1

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Program faster! Documents map to data structures in most popular languages. Update Your Profile @JoeKarlsson1 { first_name: "Paul", surname: "Miller", cell: "447557505611", city: "London", location: [45.123,47.232], profession: ["banking", "finance", "trader"], cars: [ { model: "Bentley", year: 1973 }, { model: "Rolls Royce", year: 1965 } ] }

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SQL MongoDB Query faster! Stop doing expensive joins to get your data. ID a ... 1 b ... 2 ... ... 3 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... { ...
 a: “b”,
 ... c: {
 d: “e”
 ...
 },
 ... } @JoeKarlsson1

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Pivot easier! Easily change the shape of your data as your app evolves. SQL MongoDB {
 a: “b”,
 c: “one”,
 e: “f” } {
 a: “b”,
 c: 1,
 new: “no biggee” } ALTER TABLE `mydb`.`letters_table` DROP COLUMN `e`, ADD COLUMN `New` VARCHAR(45) NULL AFTER `C`, CHANGE COLUMN `C` `C` INT NULL DEFAULT NULL ; @JoeKarlsson1

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Term mapping summary Row Column Table Database Index Join Join Left Outer Join Recursive Common Table Expressions View Transaction Document Field Collection Database Index Embedding Database References $lookup $graphLookup View Transaction @JoeKarlsson1

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Did you know that? • MongoDB supports distributed ACID transactions? • MongoDB added field level encryption? • MongoDB is now PCI compliant? • MongoDB now has schema validation? @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 Agenda • Intro to IoT • IoT data cycle • Why JS and IoT? • IoT data best practices • IoT Demo • The future of IoT @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 What the heck is IoT? @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 A network of devices that have an IP address and can communicate with each other over the internet @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 It’s just the internet, but with “things” on it @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 …so what is a “thing?” @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 Smart Home Home Security Smart Appliances Smart Light Bulbs Smart Outlets Nest Thermostat @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 Automated Manufacturing Humidity Sensor Motion Sensor Remote Monitoring Smart Delivery Temperature Sensor @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 Wearables Smart Water Bottle Fitbit Breathing Sensor Smart Running Shoes Lumo Run Shorts @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 IoT
 Lifecycle Collect Communicate Analyze Act @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 A company is an association or collection of individuals, whether natural persons, legal persons, or a mixture of both. Company members share a common purpose and unite in order to focus their various talents and organize their collectively available skills or resources to achieve specific, declared goals. Collect Devices and sensors collect data @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 A company is an association or collection of individuals, whether natural persons, legal persons, or a mixture of both. Company members share a common purpose and unite in order to focus their various talents and organize their collectively available skills or resources to achieve specific, declared goals. Communicate Data and events sent through the network Data Center The Cloud Home Router @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 A company is an association or collection of individuals, whether natural persons, legal persons, or a mixture of both. Company members share a common purpose and unite in order to focus their various talents and organize their collectively available skills or resources to achieve specific, declared goals. Analyze Computers analyzes the incoming data Run Reports Home Router Machine Learning View Reports @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 A company is an association or collection of individuals, whether natural persons, legal persons, or a mixture of both. Company members share a common purpose and unite in order to focus their various talents and organize their collectively available skills or resources to achieve specific, declared goals. Act Taking action based on the data Send a notification Communicate with
 another machine Stream @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 Why does IoT Matter? Source: https://www.statista.com/statistics/471264/iot-number-of-connected-devices-worldwide/

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@JoeKarlsson1 IoT + JS(?!) @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 JS is a great choice for new devs Other low level programming languages can be difficult to develop @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 Why Node? 58 percent of respondents that identified as IoT developers use Node Source: https://nodejs.org/en/blog/announcements/nodejs-foundation-survey/ @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 Easy to update over a network @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 The internet already speaks JS @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 Tons of existing libraries, plugins and APIs @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 Cylon.js Johnny-Five https://cylonjs.com/ http://johnny-five.io/ @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 JS is great at handling event-driven apps @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 It got dark in here @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 Can you turn yourself on? @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 I turned myself on @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 plz turn yourself off @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 I turned myself off @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 Events reduce the cost of listening for the device @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 But what do we do with all that data? @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 I’m totally biased, but… @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 MongoDB is a great choice @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 • Capable of high speed data ingest • An event driven DB • Makes it easy to update your schema • Great at handling time series data @JoeKarlsson1 MongoDB is:

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@JoeKarlsson1 Let’s jump into something *practical @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 OK, so it’s still a WIP, but let’s talk about it @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 ! ! Want to watch me make it? https://www.twitch.tv/joe_karlsson @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 1 x Raspberry Pi 3 Model B 1 x Breadboard 1 x HX711 Module [Load cell amplifier] What Materials Do We Need? 4 x 50 kg load cells [used to measure the weight] 1 x Magnetic door sensor 1 x Kitty Litter Box

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@JoeKarlsson1 @JoeKarlsson1 @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 Raspberry Pi @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 Small and amazingly capable, credit card size $35 computer @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 Install Node on your Pi Find tips here: https://www.losant.com/blog/how-to-install-nodejs-on-raspberry-pi @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 General Purpose Input/Output Pins [GPIO] Can be used to interact in with the real world @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 Output Pins Switches that the Raspberry Pi can turn on or off @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 Input Pins Switches that you can turn on or off from the outside world @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 Great Overview of the GPIO Pins on Wikipedia @JoeKarlsson1 Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi#General_purpose_input-output_(GPIO)_connector

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@JoeKarlsson1 @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 Breadboard A breadboard is used for prototyping electronics @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 Building a circuit

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@JoeKarlsson1 @JoeKarlsson1 Code: https://github.com/JoeKarlsson/iot-kitty-litter-box

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@JoeKarlsson1 @JoeKarlsson1 The first step of any IoT project is to make an LED blink

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@JoeKarlsson1 var five = require("johnny-five"); var Raspi = require("raspi-io").RaspiIO; var board = new five.Board({ io: new Raspi() }); board.on("ready", function() { var led = new five.Led("P1-13"); led.blink(); });

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@JoeKarlsson1 Alright, let’s make a toilet @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 • When box is opened, go into maintenance mode.
 • When the box is closed, recalibrate weight.
 • When significant weight is sensed, take weight measurement of cat and send data to MongoDB Atlas. @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 const { RaspiIO } = require('raspi-io'); const five = require(‘johnny-five'); const board = new five.Board({ io: new RaspiIO(), }); let state = { isMaintenenceMode: false, }; board.on('ready', () => { const spdt = new five.Switch('GPIO16'); spdt.on('open', () => { state.isMaintenenceMode = true; }); spdt.on('close', () => { state.isMaintenenceMode = false; }); });

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@JoeKarlsson1 The load cells… @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 Couldn’t find support for my load cells with Johnny-Five, so I had to get creative. @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 import time import sys import RPi.GPIO as GPIO from hx711 import HX711 while True: try: except (KeyboardInterrupt, SystemExit): cleanAndExit() hx = HX711(5, 6) hx.set_reading_format("MSB", "MSB") hx.set_reference_unit(1) hx.reset() hx.tare() def cleanAndExit(): print("Cleaning...") GPIO.cleanup() print("Bye!") sys.exit() val = hx.get_weight(5) print(val) hx.power_down() hx.power_up() time.sleep(0.1) loadCell.py

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@JoeKarlsson1 const spawn = require('child_process').spawn; const process = spawn('python', ['./hx711py/scale.py'], { detached: true }); // Takes stdout data from script which executed // with arguments and send this data to res object process.stdout.on('data', data => { let currWeight = parseFloat(data); let avgWeight = updateAverageWeight(currWeight, recentsWeights); }); process.stderr.on('data', err => { console.error(err); }); process.on('close', (code) => { console.log(`child process exited with code ${code}`); });

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@JoeKarlsson1 process.stdout.on('data', data => { let currWeight = parseFloat(data); let avgWeight = updateAverageWeight(currWeight, recentsWeights); }); const checkIfCatIsPresent = (avgWeight, baseBoxWeight) => { if (avgWeight - bufferWeight > baseBoxWeight + config.cat.weight) { return true; } return false; }; const updateAverageWeight = (currWeight, recentsWeights) => { if (currWeight) { const maxArrLength = 20; if (recentsWeights.length >= maxArrLength) { recentsWeights.shift(); } recentsWeights.push(currWeight); return getAvg(recentsWeights); } }; const getAvg = arr => { if (arr.length) { const sum = arr.reduce(function(a, b) { return a + b; }, 0); const avg = sum / arr.length; return avg; } return arr[0]; }; const catPresent = checkIfCatIsPresent(avgWeight, baseBoxWeight); if (catPresent) { // Send data to MongoDB }

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@JoeKarlsson1 Connecting to the MongoDB Atlas Cluster @JoeKarlsson1 Want $200 in free credits? http://bit.ly/grizzhacks

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@JoeKarlsson1 Connect our IoT app with the Node MongoDB Driver @JoeKarlsson1 Want $200 in free credits? http://bit.ly/grizzhacks

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const MongoClient = require(‘mongodb').MongoClient; const uri = ‘mongodb+srv://kay:myRealPassword@cluster0.mongodb.net/iot const client = new MongoClient(uri, { useNewUrlParser: true }); client.connect(err => { const collection = client.db(‘IoT’).collection('toilets'); // perform actions on the collection object client.close(); });

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@JoeKarlsson1 • Smooth out calibration • Hook up Stitch functions to send out weekly email report • Make web app that visualizes my cats bathroom habits/weight with MongoDB Charts @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 1 x Raspberry Pi 3 Model B 1 x Breadboard 1 x 68 Ohms Resistor What Materials Do We Need? 1 x LED 2 x Female to Male Wires

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@JoeKarlsson1 Raspberry Pi @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 Small and amazingly capable, credit card size $35 computer @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 Install Node on your Pi Find tips here: https://www.losant.com/blog/how-to-install-nodejs-on-raspberry-pi @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 General Purpose Input/Output Pins [GPIO] Can be used to interact in with the real world @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 Output Pins Switches that the Raspberry Pi can turn on or off @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 Input Pins Switches that you can turn on or off from the outside world @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 Great Overview of the GPIO Pins on Wikipedia @JoeKarlsson1 Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi#General_purpose_input-output_(GPIO)_connector

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@JoeKarlsson1 @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 onoff npm package for interacting with GPIO @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 Breadboard A breadboard is used for prototyping electronics @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 @JoeKarlsson1 Code: https://github.com/JoeKarlsson/IoT-Morse-Code-Demo

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@JoeKarlsson1 @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 LED Resistors Resistors are used to reduce current, adjust signal levels, etc. A diode that emits light when a voltage is applied to it. @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 Building a circuit @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 @JoeKarlsson1 Code: https://github.com/JoeKarlsson/IoT-Morse-Code-Demo

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@JoeKarlsson1 @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 IoT Morse Code Machine

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@JoeKarlsson1 Smaller and more powerful devices \ Better Hardware support JS with a smaller footprint Batteries will become the bottleneck The Future of JS + IoT? @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 Do you want to be an IoT and JS master? @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 Just do it! @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 IoT is exploding Raspberry Pi’s use GPIO to interact with the real world JS is a great choice for IoT Easy to update apps Internet already speaks JS Great supporting libraries JS excels at event-driven apps Start with a small project and jump in and learn as you go! MongoDB is a great choice for IoT projects

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@JoeKarlsson1 Questions? @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 Thank You! @JoeKarlsson1

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{ name: “Joe Karlsson”, company: “MongoDB”, title: [ “Developer Advocate”, “Software Engineer” ], twitter: “@JoeKarlsson1”, twitch: “joe_karlsson”, website: “joekarlsson.com”, }

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MongoDB Community • MongoDB University: • university.mongodb.com • MongoDB Community Slack Channel: • https://mongo-db.slack.com/ @JoeKarlsson1

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@JoeKarlsson1 •$200 in free Atlas credits: http://bit.ly/grizzhacks •Code - https://github.com/JoeKarlsson/IoT-Morse- Code-Demo • IoT Reference Architecture - https:// www.mongodb.com/collateral/iot-reference-architecture •Time Series Data and MongoDB: Best Practices Guide - https://www.mongodb.com/collateral/time-series-best- practices
 •A language for the Internet: Why JavaScript and Node.js is right for Internet Applications - Tom Hughes- Croucher Additional Resources

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@JoeKarlsson1