Sustainable Design Tools Materials UCCA Product Design | 14.11.07 | John Manoochehri | RV

0. Sustainability Structure IMPACT MANAGEMENT DEMAND MANAGEMENT ETHICAL TRANSFORM Pollution Reduction Conservation Management Preservation Resource Productivity Multifunctionality Use Efficiency Welfare Efficiency Sheer reductions in all consumption Scientific Management Substitution Technology Park Management Preservation Research/Management Remeditation and Restoration Cycling Durability Recycled materials Process Efficiency Product Efficiency Multiple simultaneous Functionality Multiple sequential Functionality Intensive simultaneous use Intensive sequential use Smart Technology Skills-in-use development Choice of impact managed lifestyles Choice of demand managed lifestyles Direct, personal reductions of impacts and resource demands.

1. What are materials for? Infrastructural Roads, pipes, pylons, bridges, public areas Industrial Extraction/production/processing structures, plant, storage Building-Structural Foundations, load-bearing structures (walls, columns) Building-Detail Fixtures (doors, floors, windows, etc), facias (curtain walls, glass walls, etc) Product-Structural For functional uses (loads, stresses, chemicals, textures, etc), cabling, piping, control systems, etc Product-Detail Facias, coverings, etc Ornamental Pure aesthetic items, either standaone or supplementary “Anything that is not food, fuel, or consumables....”

2. What materials are there? Classic Materials Wood, Stone, Bone, Leather, Fibre, Textile, Iron, Ornamental Metal, Ceramic, Pigment, Mortar, Resin Modern Materials Steel, Glass, Aluminium, Alloy, Composites, Ceramic, Oil-based Plastic, Oil-based Paint, Concrete New Materials Carbon, Magnesium (etc), Smart Composites, New-formed ‘old’ materials (paper), Air (gases), Water (liquids), Bioagents, Nanoparticles, Ceramics, Super glues > Sustainable Materials

3. Material sustainability 1. Renewability 2. Habitat preserving 3. Pollution/toxicity in production/use/disposal 4. Direct embodied energy (e.g. aluminium smelting) 5. Indirect embodied energy (e.g. transport for tropical wood) 6. Resource Efficiency 7. Recycled/Recyclability 8. Durability/Repairability 9. Strength 10. Modularity 11. Diversity

4. Sustainability Comparison Classic Modern New Sustainable Renewability Habitat preserving Pollution/toxicity Direct embodied energy Indirect embodied energy Resource Efficiency Recycled/Recyclability Durability/Repairability Strength Modularity Diversity ✔ ✔ ✔ ? ✖ ? ✔ ? ✖ ✖ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✔ ? ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ? ? ✔ ✔ ✔ ? ✔ ? ? ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ? ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✖ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

5. Sustainable Materials Classic Materials Sustainable/Recycled Wood, Recycled/Remanufactured Stone, Reclaimed Bone, Recycled/Fake Leather, Natural/Recycled Fibre, Natural/Recycled Textile, Recycled Metal, Non-toxic Ceramic, Natural/Non-toxic/ Non-oil pigment, Natural material mortar, Natural resin

5. Sustainable Materials Modern Materials Recycled/Low-Energy Steel, Low-Energy Glass, Recycled Aluminium, Non-toxic Alloy, Non-toxic/biodegradable Composites, Non- toxic/Renewable/Recyclable Ceramic, Non-oil-based/Non-toxic Plastic, Recycled/Low-energy Concrete

5. Sustainable Materials New Materials: Needs to be specified! Carbon Magnesium (etc) Smart Composities New-formed ‘old’ materials (paper) Air (gases) Water (liquids) Bioagents Nanoparticles Ceramics,

5. S Material: The Ultimate?

No content

6. S Material Techniques Sustainable Sourcing Certified sources, Supply-chain management Pollution Reduction Toxicity assessment (LCA, health) Closed-loop production/use Pressure, heat, design techniques replacing chemicals Natural materials, Biodegradeability Direct Embodied Energy Cold-manipulation: glues, pressure, design replacing heat Biological construction/conformation, Recycled Materials Indirect Embodied Energy Local materials, Modular/Simple material design (less manufacturing/supply-chain) Self-powering products (no external energy required) Durable products (less repair required)

6. S Material Techniques Design for Resource Efficiency Architectonics, Composite use Design for Recycled Material Higher-tolerances in production, use of facias Composite design Design for Recycling Simple Design Modular, single materials Design for Durability Inert materials, Facias Design for Repairability Quality/Standard materials, Standard

7. Sustainable Procurement 1. Renewability Natural products, managed source 2. Habit preservation Sourcing credentials 3. Pollution/toxicity in production/use/disposal Natural products, closed-cycle management 4. Direct embodied energy (e.g. aluminium smelting) Pressure composites, natural/biotech materials, recycled metal, simple metal 5. Indirect embodied energy (e.g. transport for tropical wood) Local, non-composite, modular 6. Resource Efficiency Architectonics, composites

7. Sustainable Procurement 7. Recycled/Recyclability Metals, pure materials, non-composites, modular plastics, 8. Durability/Repairability Natural products, metals, pure materials 9. Strength Metals, plastics, ceramics, composites, alloys 10. Modularity Plastics, alloys 11. Diversity Plastics, alloys, new materials

8. Sustainability Comparison Classic Modern New Sustainable Renewability Habitat preserving Pollution/toxicity Direct embodied energy Indirect embodied energy Resource Efficiency Recycled/Recyclability Durability/Repairability Strength Modularity Diversity ✔ ✔ ✔ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ? ✔ ✔ ✔ ? ✔ ? ✖ ✖ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ? ✔ ✔ ✔ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✔ ✔ ? ✖ ✖ ✔ ? ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ? ? ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ? ✔ ? ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ? ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ? ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✖ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

9. Applications? Infrastructural Roads, pipes, pylons, bridges, public areas Industrial Extraction/production/processing structures, plant, storage Building-Structural Foundations, load-bearing structures (walls, columns) Building-Detail Fixtures (doors, floors, windows, etc), facias (curtain walls, glass walls, etc) Product-Structural For functional uses (loads, stresses, chemicals, textures, etc), cabling, piping, control systems, etc Product-Detail Facias, coverings, etc Ornamental Pure aesthetic items, either standaone or supplementary “Anything that is not food, fuel, or consumables....”

X. Links http://www.kingston.ac.uk/rematerialise http://www.ecospecifier.org http://www.ecolect.net