The Twelve-Factor App: Best Practices for Modern PHP Apps

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THE TWELVE-FACTOR APP Best Practices for Modern PHP Applications

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David Zuelke

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No content

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dz@heroku.com

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@dzuelke

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“The Twelve-Factor App” ! ! !

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“The Twelve-Factor App” is a manifesto, a methodology, a condensed collection of experiences.

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Its goals are scalability, maintainability, portability.

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12factor.net

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4/12 MAIN FACTORS, CODE ACCORDINGLY I. Codebase  From one codebase, perform many deploys to staging, prod, ... II. Dependencies  Your application explicitly declares userland and platform deps. III. Conﬁguration  Read from $_ENV: API keys, database credentials, SMTP hosts, ... XI. Logging  file_put_contents("php://stderr", "Yay log");

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II. DEPENDENCIES Applications have explicitly declared dependencies.

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II. DEPENDENCIES Applications have explicitly declared dependencies. $ cat composer.json { "require": { "php": ">=5.3.3", "ext-‐mcrypt": "*", "symfony/symfony": "~2.4.6", "doctrine/orm": "~2.2,>=2.2.3", "doctrine/doctrine-‐bundle": "~1.2", "twig/extensions": "~1.0", "symfony/monolog-‐bundle": "~2.4" } }

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III. CONFIGURATION Store conﬁg in the environment.

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III. CONFIGURATION Store conﬁg in the environment. Assumption: same code but different conﬁguration per deployment target

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III. CONFIGURATION Store conﬁg in the environment. $transport = Swift_SmtpTransport::newInstance(  getenv('EMAIL_HOST'), getenv('EMAIL_PORT')?:25  )  -‐>setUsername(getenv('EMAIL_USERNAME'))  -‐>setPassword(getenv('EMAIL_PASSWORD'))  ; Assumption: same code but different conﬁguration per deployment target

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TIME FOR A DEPLOY! It's as easy as pie.

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$ heroku create $ git push heroku master -‐-‐-‐-‐-‐> PHP app detected -‐-‐-‐-‐-‐> Setting up runtime environment... -‐ PHP 5.5.16 -‐ Apache 2.4.10 -‐ Nginx 1.6.0 -‐-‐-‐-‐-‐> Installing PHP extensions: -‐ opcache (automatic; bundled) -‐ memcached (composer.json; downloaded) -‐ intl (composer.json; bundled) -‐ newrelic (add-‐on detected; downloaded) -‐-‐-‐-‐-‐> Installing dependencies... Composer version 05d991 2014-‐10-‐28 12:36:19 Loading composer repositories with package information Installing dependencies from lock file -‐ Installing monolog/monolog (1.9.1) Loading from cache Generating optimized autoload files -‐-‐-‐-‐-‐> Discovering process types Procfile declares types -‐> web -‐-‐-‐-‐-‐> Compressing... done, 57.4MB -‐-‐-‐-‐-‐> Launching... done, v3 http://your-‐php-‐app.herokuapp.com/ deployed to Heroku

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what happened there?

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V. BUILD, RELEASE, RUN A build step vendors dependencies, prepares assets, etc. A release step creates a package from build and conﬁg. A runtime step executes, without special knowledge.

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V. BUILD, RELEASE, RUN A build step vendors dependencies, prepares assets, etc. A release step creates a package from build and conﬁg. A runtime step executes, without special knowledge.

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V. BUILD, RELEASE, RUN A build step vendors dependencies, prepares assets, etc. A release step creates a package from build and conﬁg. A runtime step executes, without special knowledge.

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XII. ADMIN PROCESSES Management tasks like DB migrations are one-off processes.

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XII. ADMIN PROCESSES Management tasks like DB migrations are one-off processes. The same release, the same conﬁg, the same code!

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DEMO TIME!

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http://start.heroku.com/php & http://devcenter.heroku.com/categories/php

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X. DEV/PROD PARITY Keep dev, stage and prod envs as similar as possible.

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X. DEV/PROD PARITY Keep dev, stage and prod envs as similar as possible. SQLite ≠ MySQL Apache ≠ Nginx File based sessions ≠ Redis based sessions

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X. DEV/PROD PARITY Keep dev, stage and prod envs as similar as possible. SQLite ≠ MySQL Apache ≠ Nginx File based sessions ≠ Redis based sessions

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X. DEV/PROD PARITY Keep dev, stage and prod envs as similar as possible. SQLite ≠ MySQL Apache ≠ Nginx File based sessions ≠ Redis based sessions If apt-‐get or brew don't get the job done on your box: Vagrant is always your friend!

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DEV/PROD PARITY

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heroku-‐python-‐app $ cat Procfile web: gunicorn hello:app

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heroku-‐ruby-‐app $ cat Procfile web: bundle exec unicorn -‐p $PORT -‐c ./config/unicorn.rb

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heroku-‐java-‐app $ cat Procfile web: java -‐jar target/dependency/jetty-‐runner.jar -‐-‐port $PORT target/*.war

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heroku-‐php-‐app $ cat Procfile web: php -‐S 0.0.0.0:$PORT

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PHP needs a dedicated web server

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heroku-‐php-‐app $ cat Procfile web: vendor/bin/heroku-‐php-‐nginx heroku-‐php-‐app $ composer require -‐-‐dev heroku/heroku-‐ buildpack-‐php ./composer.json has been updated Loading composer repositories with package information Updating dependencies (including require-‐dev) -‐ Installing heroku/heroku-‐buildpack-‐php (v43) Loading from cache ! Writing lock file Generating autoload files ! heroku-‐php-‐app $ foreman start 14:30:45 web.1 | started with pid 11175 14:30:46 web.1 | Booting on port 5000... 14:30:46 web.1 | Using PHP-‐FPM configuration include 'fpm.conf' 14:30:46 web.1 | Starting php-‐fpm... 14:30:46 web.1 | Starting nginx... 14:30:46 web.1 | [28-‐Oct-‐2014 14:30:46] NOTICE: [pool www] 'user' directive is ignored when FPM is not running as root 14:30:46 web.1 | [28-‐Oct-‐2014 14:30:46] NOTICE: [pool www] 'user' directive is ignored when FPM is not running as root

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(only needed if you want to run things locally, with the same conﬁguration as on Heroku, instead of your good old VirtualHost based solution)

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ONE MORE THING...

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heroku-‐php-‐app $ git rm Procfile heroku-‐php-‐app $ hhvm `which composer` require hhvm ~3.2 ./composer.json has been updated Loading composer repositories with package information Updating dependencies (including require-‐dev) Nothing to install or update Generating autoload files heroku-‐php-‐app $ git add composer.* heroku-‐php-‐app $ git ci -‐m 'use HHVM' heroku-‐php-‐app $ git push heroku master ! -‐-‐-‐-‐-‐> PHP app detected -‐-‐-‐-‐-‐> Detected request for HHVM 3.2.0 in composer.json. -‐-‐-‐-‐-‐> Setting up runtime environment... -‐ HHVM 3.2.0 -‐ Apache 2.4.10 -‐ Nginx 1.6.0 -‐-‐-‐-‐-‐> Building runtime environment... NOTICE: No Procfile, defaulting to 'web: vendor/bin/ heroku-‐hhvm-‐apache2' -‐-‐-‐-‐-‐> Compressing... done, 77.4MB -‐-‐-‐-‐-‐> Launching... done, v3 http://your-‐hhvm-‐app.herokuapp.com/ deployed to Heroku

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YET ANOTHER THING...

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GET A FREE HEROKU T-SHIRT!

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The End

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THE TWELVE-FACTOR APP Thanks for listening! Contact: @dzuelke & dz@heroku.com