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How CSS Grid
Changes Everything
(in 15 mins?)
W3C Developer Meetup
@jenSimmons
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Follow
@jensimmons
for slides
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Layout on the Web
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photo by Brad Frost, 2012, CC BY 2.0
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The Official Timeline of Web Page Layout
The
No-Layout
Layout
Table-based
Layouts
Hand-coded
Float Layouts
Framework
Layouts Amazing
Future!
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CSS Grid
Flexbox
Alignment
Writing Modes
Multicolumn
Viewport Units
Transforms
Object Fit
Clip-path
Masking
Shape-outside
Initial-letter
Flow
Floats
Block
Inline
Inline-block
Display:table
Margin
Negative margins
Padding
everything else
in CSS
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This new CSS
changes everything
in web layout.
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labs.jensimmons.com
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Grid makes it
much easier to implement
the same old layouts.
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Grid makes it possible
to do layouts that were
not possible before.
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Nature of
CSS Grid
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explicit vs. implicit
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You define
!e size and/or
number of rows
and/or
columns
Let !e browser
define number or
size of rows
or columns
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Place each "em
into a specific
cell or area
Let !e browser
place each
"em using
auto-placement
algor"hm
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Rows *and* Columns
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ROWS!!!!!!!!!!!
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Tracks don’t have to all
be the same size.
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Content sized by
the size of a track.
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Tracks sized by
the size of content.
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portion of
available
space —
2 parts
set by
content size
fixed portion of
available
space —
1 part
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Grid Code
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Grid Container
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Grid Items
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…
… … body { display: grid; }
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…
… … body { display: grid; } article { display: grid; }
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…
… … body { display: grid; } main { display: subgrid; } article { display: subgrid; }
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…
… … body { display: grid; } article { display: grid; }
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Headline Here
This is teaser text. It
comes in different lengths. Headline Here
This is teaser text. It
comes in different lengths.
Here we see more content
filling the box up all the way.
Headline
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Headline That is
Longer & Wraps
This is teaser text. It
comes in different lengths.
Headline
This Headline
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comes in different lengths.
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Headline Here
This is teaser text. It
comes in different lengths. Headline Here
This is teaser text. It
comes in different lengths.
Here we see more content
filling the box up all the way.
Headline
This is teaser text.
Headline That is
Longer & Wraps
This is teaser text. It
comes in different lengths.
Headline
This Headline
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comes in different lengths.
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Headline Here
This is teaser text. It
comes in different lengths. Headline Here
This is teaser text. It
comes in different lengths.
Here we see more content
filling the box up all the way.
Headline
This is teaser text.
Headline That is
Longer & Wraps
This is teaser text. It
comes in different lengths.
Headline
This Headline
This is teaser text. It
comes in different lengths.
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Headline Here
This is teaser text. It
comes in different lengths. Headline Here
This is teaser text. It
comes in different lengths.
Here we see more content
filling the box up all the way.
Headline
This is teaser text.
Headline That is
Longer & Wraps
This is teaser text. It
comes in different lengths.
Headline
This Headline
This is teaser text. It
comes in different lengths.
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Headline Here
This is teaser text. It
comes in different lengths. Headline Here
This is teaser text. It
comes in different lengths.
Here we see more content
filling the box up all the way.
Headline
This is teaser text.
Headline That is
Longer & Wraps
This is teaser text. It
comes in different lengths.
Headline
This Headline
This is teaser text. It
comes in different lengths.
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labs.jensimmons.com
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Container
Item Item Item
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Terminology
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Grid Container
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Grid Items
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Grid Line
Grid Track
Grid Track
Grid Line
Grid Line
Grid Line
Grid Line
Grid Area
Grid Cell
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Grid Line
Grid Track
Grid Line
Grid Line
Grid Line
Grid Line
Grid Gap
Grid Gap
Grid Gap
Grid Track
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4 Examples
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labs.jensimmons.com/2017/01-003.html
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ul {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 100px);
grid-gap: 4px;
}
li {
// nothing
}
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ul {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns:
repeat(4, 100px);
grid-gap: 4px;
}
li {
// nothing
}
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ul {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 100px);
grid-gap: 4px;
}
/* or */
ul {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 100px 100px 100px 100px;
grid-gap: 4px;
}
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ul {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(5, 1fr);
grid-gap: 0.25em;
}
/* or */
ul {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr 1fr 1fr;
grid-gap: 0.25em;
}
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ul {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(120px, 1fr));
grid-gap: 0.25rem;
}
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nightly.mozilla.org
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ul {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns:
repeat(4, 1fr);
}
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li:nth-child(1) {
grid-column: 2 / 3;
grid-row: 1 / 2;
}
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li:nth-child(1) {
grid-column: 2 / 3;
grid-row: 1 / 2;
}
li:nth-child(2) {
grid-column: 4 / 5;
grid-row: 2 / 3;
}
li:nth-child(3) {
grid-column: 3 / 4;
grid-row: 3 / 4;
}
li:nth-child(4) {…}
li:nth-child(5) {…}
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‘fr’ unit
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.grid-container {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr;
}
some other syntax options (each with different results)
grid-template-columns: 1fr 5fr 2.5fr;
grid-template-columns: 8em 1fr 300px;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 2fr 3fr 5fr 8fr 13fr 21fr 34fr;
grid-template-columns: repeat(7, 1fr);
grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 200px 1fr 25%);
grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, 10rem);
grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(200px, 1fr));
grid-template-columns: 4rem 2fr repeat(5, 1fr) 300px;
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px
em
%
pixels
(or rem)
percents
60px
10em
20%
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min-content
max-content
fr
minmax()
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fr unit = “fraction”
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100%
33% 33% 33%
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100%
33.33333% 33.33333% 33.33333%
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100%
33.33333% 33.33333% 33.33333%
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100%
33% 33% 33%
2% 2%
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100%
32% 32% 32%
2% 2%
100% – 4% = 96% = 32%
3 3
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100%
31.333% 31.333% 31.333%
3% 3%
100% – 6% = 94% = 31.333%
3 3
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100%
31.666% 31.666% 31.666%
2.5% 2.5%
100% – 5% = 95% = 31.666666666666666%
3 3
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.box { width: calc(100-(2*2em)/3)%;}
100%
x% x% x%
2em 2em
@media (min-width: 600px) { .box { width: calc(100-(2*2em)/3)%;}}
@media (min-width: 800px) { .box { width: calc(100-(3*2em)/4)%;}}
@media (min-width: 400px) { .box { width: calc(100-(1*2em)/2)%;}}
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100%
1fr 1fr 1fr
2em 2em
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1fr 1fr 1fr
2em 2em
1fr + 1fr + 1fr = 3fr total
therefore, 1fr = 1/3 of the space
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1fr 1fr 1fr
2em 2em
1fr + 1fr + 1fr + 1fr = 4fr total
therefore, now 1fr = 1/4 of the space
1fr
2em
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100px 1fr 1fr
1fr 1fr
100px
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2fr 1fr
50px 1fr min-content
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6fr 2.4fr
1fr 2.4fr 2fr
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What about old browsers?
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6
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You must support
browsers that
do not understand
CSS Grid.
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@supports (foo: value) {
// some CSS code here
}
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// code for non-Grid browsers
@supports (display: grid) {
// undo some of the above
// then do your Grid layout
}
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hacks.mozilla.org/2016/08/using-feature-queries-in-css
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6
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You have two choices for
Internet Explorer (& old Edge):
1) Leverage the 2012 Grid
implementation.
2) Pretend IE has no Grid.
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You have two choices for
Internet Explorer (& old Edge):
1) Use old -ms-* syntax.
2) Or don’t.
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display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 100px);
display: -ms-grid;
-ms-grid-columns: (100px)[4];
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Autoprefixer
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rachelandrew.co.uk/archives/2016/11/26/should-i-try-
to-use-the-ie-implementation-of-css-grid-layout
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For more…
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jensimmons.com/post/feb-27-2017/learn-css-grid
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developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout
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Modern Layouts:
Getting Out of Our Ruts
Revolutionize Your Page:
Real Art Direction on the Web
2015
2016
available on jensimmons.com
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jensimmons.com
@jensimmons
layout.land
labs.jensimmons.com
Thanks!