Overview and Expectations
● Technicals:
○ How DSLR and mirrorless cameras capture an image
○ Lenses
● Camera settings and how/why to use them
● Questions/Intro
● Goal: using your own camera in manual mode
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DSLR Anatomy
● Digital Single Lens
Reflex
● Pentaprism ->
WYSIWYG
● Mirror Flip Up
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Mirrorless Anatomy
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What is a
“Lens”?
In the case of your eye, your
eye's lens tries to target light
onto the back of your eyeball.
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● 17-85 mm - focal length.
Zooms from 17mm to
85mm.
● 67mm - thread filter size
● EF-S - mount type
● IS - Image Stabilization
● USM - ultrasonic motor
for AF
● 1:4-5.6 maximum
aperture is f4 at 17mm
end, f5.6 at 85mm end
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Understanding Digital Camera Sensors
● An array of millions of color-sensitive photosites
○ Captures the specific photos that fall into each cavity
● Human eye more sensitive to green.
● Each GRBG square is one pixel.
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Three most important factors of how light is collected in order to make a proper
exposure.
Exposure
Triangle
ISO
SHUTTER
SPEED
APERTURE
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Shutter Speed
● For how long is the sensor collecting light
● Shutter speed priority mode S or Tv
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ISO 125
1/40 sec
f4.0
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Aperture Area
● An opening in which light passes through
● Smaller f number means larger aperture
○ It’s a ratio - given the same focal length, larger diameter means smaller aperture number
● Aperture priority mode - A or Av
● Large opening -> more light gathered.
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ISO 100
1/800 sec
F2.8
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ISO
● Sensitivity of the recording medium to incoming light. Also known as “film speed”.
● Lower ISO is always more desirable! Truest details and colors.
● However sometimes we are limited by the amount of light we have, so we push up the ISO
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ISO 12800
1/40 sec
f4.0
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The Exposure Triangle
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Preprogrammed Exposure Modes
Macro small aperture
Landscape small aperture
Sport fast shutter speed
Portrait large aperture
Night Portrait large aperture, high ISO, flash
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Focusing on Focus
How to Focus
● press shutter half way down
● Detects contrast
● change its location
Focus Modes
● Single Area AF
○ AF-S in Nikon
○ One-Shot in Canon
● Continuous
○ AF-C in Nikon
○ AI-Servo in Canon
● Hybrid
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Metering
Whether your camera
thinks you have enough
light for your focus area.
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Closer Look at the Lens - Normal
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ISO 200
1/50 sec
F2.8
50mm
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Closer Look at the Lens - Telephoto
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ISO 100
1/125 sec
F9.0
135mm
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Closer Look at the Lens - Wide Angle
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ISO 100
1/80 sec
F2.0
24mm
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Common Accessories
● Tripod
● Circular polarizer
● UV Filter
● Flash
● Camera Straps