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Bitkey Inc. Connect Product Noriki Takahashi ਓؒͷ௚ײʹରԠͤͨ͞ෳࡶ౓ͷܭଌπʔϧΛgo/ astͰ࣮૷ͯ͠Έͨ

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Outline 1. ࣗݾ঺հ 2. ιʔείʔυͷෳࡶ౓ 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ 4. go/ast ͱ͸ʁ 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷ 6. ֶͼͱิ଍ 7. ·ͱΊ 2 2

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1. ࣗݾ঺հ 3 ● ∁ڮయੜ(Noriki Takahashi) ○ Twitter: @norinoriki0 ○ GitHub: nrnrk ● גࣜձࣾBitkey ○ bitkey platform ͱ͍͏”ΧΪ”ͷϓϥοτϑΥʔϜͷ։ൃ ● Go Ͱ։ൃ͍ͯ͠·͕͢ɺ go/ast ͸͜Ε·Ͱ৮ͬͨ͜ͱ͕͋Γ·ͤΜͰͨ͠ ● झຯ: ਺ֶɾ෺ཧֶ ○ zk-SNARKs ͷ਺ֶతͳଆ໘ΛטΈࡅ͘هࣄΛॻ͍ͨΓͯ͠·͢ ● #gocon Ͱײ૝ͳͲੋඇΑΖ͓͘͠Ͷ͕͍͠·͢ʂ

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● Bitkey ͷ3ͭͷࣄۀυϝΠϯ ○ Homeʢ฻Β͠ʣ ○ Workspaceʢಇ͘ʣ ○ Experienceʢඇ೔ৗͷମݧʣ ● bitkey platform ○ 3ͭͷ hub ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷج൫ 1. ࣗݾ঺հ 4 ςΫϊϩδʔͷྗͰ͋ΒΏΔ΋ͷΛ ҆શͰ ศརͰ ؾ࣋ͪΑ͘ʮͭͳ͛Δʯ ͓͢͢Ί͍ͨ͠GoϥΠϒϥϦ౤ථड෇த!

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● Bitkey ͷ3ͭͷࣄۀυϝΠϯ ○ Homeʢ฻Β͠ʣ ○ Workspaceʢಇ͘ʣ ○ Experienceʢඇ೔ৗͷମݧʣ ● bitkey platform ○ 3ͭͷ hub ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷج ൫ 1. ࣗݾ঺հ 5 ςΫϊϩδʔͷྗͰ͋ΒΏΔ΋ͷΛ ҆શͰ ศརͰ ؾ࣋ͪΑ͘ʮͭͳ͛Δʯ ͓͢͢Ί͍ͨ͠GoϥΠϒϥϦ౤ථड෇த! എܠͷ bitkey x Gopher͘ΜͷίϥϘʹ΋஫໨ʂ

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ιʔείʔυͷෳࡶ౓ 6 6

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ಥવͰ͕͢ Έͳ͞Μ 7 7 2. ιʔείʔυͷෳࡶ౓

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ෳࡶͳιʔείʔυ͸޷͖Ͱ͔͢ʁ 8 8 2. ιʔείʔυͷෳࡶ౓

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ෳࡶͳιʔείʔυ͸޷͖Ͱ͔͢ʁ 9 9 2. ιʔείʔυͷෳࡶ౓

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ࢲ͸ͦΜͳʹ޷͖͡Ό͋Γ·ͤΜ 10 10 2. ιʔείʔυͷෳࡶ౓

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ࢲ͸ͦΜͳʹ޷͖͡Ό͋Γ·ͤΜ 11 11 2. ιʔείʔυͷෳࡶ౓

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Ͱ͖Δ͚ͩγϯϓϧʹͯ͠ อक͠΍͍ͨ͘͢͠ 12 12 2. ιʔείʔυͷෳࡶ౓

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ෳࡶ͕͞ආ͚ΒΕͳ͍ͱ͖͸ ςετΛॏ఺తʹߦ͍͍ͨ 13 13 2. ιʔείʔυͷෳࡶ౓

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͜ΕΒΛܧଓతʹ࣮ݱ͍ͯͨ͘͠Ίʹ 14 14 2. ιʔείʔυͷෳࡶ౓

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ෳࡶ౓Λఆྔతʹද͍ͨ͠ 15 15 2. ιʔείʔυͷෳࡶ౓

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ௐ΂ͨͱ͜Ζ 16 16 2. ιʔείʔυͷෳࡶ౓

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ௐ΂ͨͱ͜Ζ 17 17 2. ιʔείʔυͷෳࡶ౓

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ਓؒͷײ͡Δෳࡶ͞ʹରԠͨ͠ ࢦඪ͕͋ΔΒ͍͠ 18 18 2. ιʔείʔυͷෳࡶ౓

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ͦΕ͕ 19 19 2. ιʔείʔυͷෳࡶ౓

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Cognitive Complexity 20 20 2. ιʔείʔυͷෳࡶ౓

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Cognitive Complexity 21 21 2. ιʔείʔυͷෳࡶ౓

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Cognitive Complexity ͱ͸ 22 22

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● Complexity (ෳࡶ౓) ͱ͸ 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ 23

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● Complexity (ෳࡶ౓) ͱ͸ ○ ֊૚͕ਂ͍ͱෳࡶʁ 24 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ

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● Complexity (ෳࡶ౓) ͱ͸ ○ ֊૚͕ਂ͍ͱෳࡶʁ ○ ෼ذ͕ଟ͍ͱෳࡶʁ 25 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ

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● Complexity (ෳࡶ౓) ͱ͸ ○ ֊૚͕ਂ͍ͱෳࡶʁ ○ ෼ذ͕ଟ͍ͱෳࡶʁ ○ ίʔυྔ͕ଟ͍ͱෳࡶʁ 26 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ

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● Complexity (ෳࡶ౓) ͱ͸ ○ ֊૚͕ਂ͍ͱෳࡶʁ ○ ෼ذ͕ଟ͍ͱෳࡶʁ ○ ίʔυྔ͕ଟ͍ͱෳࡶʁ ○ ߦ਺͕ଟ͍ͱෳࡶʁ 27 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ

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● Complexity (ෳࡶ౓) ͱ͸ ○ ֊૚͕ਂ͍ͱෳࡶʁ ○ ෼ذ͕ଟ͍ͱෳࡶʁ ○ ίʔυྔ͕ଟ͍ͱෳࡶʁ ○ ߦ਺͕ଟ͍ͱෳࡶʁ → ஫໨͢ΔϙΠϯτʹΑͬͯࢦඪ͕ҟͳΔ 28 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ

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● ༷ʑͳෳࡶ౓ͷࢦඪ ○ ॥؀తෳࡶ౓ (Cyclomatic Complexity) ■ ઢܗతʹಠཱͨ͠ܦ࿏ͷ਺ʹ஫໨ͨ͠ࢦඪ ■ (ͬ͘͟Γ͍͏ͱ) ܦ࿏ͷύλʔϯ͕ଟ͍ͱෳࡶͱ൑ఆ ○ Halstead ෳࡶ౓ ■ ௕͞΍“ޠኮ”ͷ਺ʹ஫໨ͨ͠ࢦඪ ■ (ͬ͘͟Γ͍͏ͱ) ௕͍΋ͷ΍දݱύλʔϯ͕ଟ͍ͱෳࡶͱ൑ఆ 29 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ

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● ༷ʑͳෳࡶ౓ͷࢦඪ ○ ॥؀తෳࡶ౓ (Cyclomatic Complexity) ■ ઢܗతʹಠཱͨ͠ܦ࿏ͷ਺ʹ஫໨ͨ͠ࢦඪ ■ (ͬ͘͟Γ͍͏ͱ) ܦ࿏ͷύλʔϯ͕ଟ͍ͱෳࡶͱ൑ఆ ○ Halstead ෳࡶ౓ ■ ௕͞΍“ޠኮ”ͷ਺ʹ஫໨ͨ͠ࢦඪ ■ (ͬ͘͟Γ͍͏ͱ) ௕͍΋ͷ΍දݱύλʔϯ͕ଟ͍ͱෳࡶͱ൑ఆ 30 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ ༗໊ʂ਺ֶతͳϞσϧʹجͮ͘ʂ

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● ೝ஌తෳࡶ౓ (Cognitive Complexity) ○ ਓؒͷ௚ײͱ͍ۙෳࡶ͞Λ໨ࢦͨ͠ࢦඪ ○ ίʔυͷઢܗͷྲྀΕΛཚ͢΋ͷʹ஫໨ ○ 2016೥ʹ஀ੜ ■ Cyclomatic Complexity: 1976೥ 31 White Paper: https://sonarsource.com/docs/CognitiveComplexity.pdf 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ

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● ೝ஌తෳࡶ౓ (Cognitive Complexity) ○ ਓؒͷ௚ײͱ͍ۙෳࡶ͞Λ໨ࢦͨ͠ࢦඪ ○ ίʔυͷઢܗͷྲྀΕΛཚ͢΋ͷʹ஫໨ ○ 2016೥ʹ஀ੜ ■ Cyclomatic Complexity: 1976೥ 32 White Paper: https://sonarsource.com/docs/CognitiveComplexity.pdf 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ

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“ਓؒͷ௚ײͱ͍ۙ” ͱ͸ʁ 33 33 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ

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࣮ྫͰ֬ೝͯ͠ΈΔ 34 34 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ

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͜͜Ͱ࣭໰Ͱ͢ 35 35 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ

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࣍ͷ̎ͭ͸ͲͪΒ͕ෳࡶʁ 36 36 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ

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37 37 ※ White Paper( https://sonarsource.com/docs/CognitiveComplexity.pdf ) ͷྫΛ Go ʹॻ͖௚ͨ͠΋ͷ Ͳ͕ͬͪෳࡶʁ 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ

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Cyclomatic Complexity ͷ৔߹ 38 38 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ

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39 39 ※ White Paper( https://sonarsource.com/docs/CognitiveComplexity.pdf ) ͷྫΛ Go ʹॻ͖௚ͨ͠΋ͷ 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ

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40 40 ※ White Paper( https://sonarsource.com/docs/CognitiveComplexity.pdf ) ͷྫΛ Go ʹॻ͖௚ͨ͠΋ͷ ಉ͡ʂ 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ

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Cognitive Complexity ͷ৔߹ 41 41 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ

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42 42 ※ White Paper( https://sonarsource.com/docs/CognitiveComplexity.pdf ) ͷྫΛ Go ʹॻ͖௚ͨ͠΋ͷ 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ

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43 43 ※ White Paper( https://sonarsource.com/docs/CognitiveComplexity.pdf ) ͷྫΛ Go ʹॻ͖௚ͨ͠΋ͷ େࠩʂ 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ

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Cognitive Complexity ͍͍Ͷʂ 44 44 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ

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45 ࢀߟ: White Pager (Appendix B) https://sonarsource.com/docs/CognitiveComplexity.pdf ● ෳࡶ౓ܭࢉϧʔϧ 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ

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46 ࢀߟ: White Pager (Appendix B) https://sonarsource.com/docs/CognitiveComplexity.pdf ● ෳࡶ౓ܭࢉϧʔϧ 1. ҎԼͷཁૉ͕͋Ε͹ +1 for, switch, goto, if, else, if else, goto/break/continue 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ

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47 ࢀߟ: White Pager (Appendix B) https://sonarsource.com/docs/CognitiveComplexity.pdf ● ෳࡶ౓ܭࢉϧʔϧ 1. ҎԼͷཁૉ͕͋Ε͹ +1 for, switch, goto, if, else, if else, goto/break/continue 1. ωετ࣌͸ɺ1. ʹ௥ՃͰ + (ωετͷਂ͞) 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ

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48 ࢀߟ: White Pager (Appendix B) https://sonarsource.com/docs/CognitiveComplexity.pdf ● ෳࡶ౓ܭࢉϧʔϧ 1. ҎԼͷཁૉ͕͋Ε͹ +1 for, switch, goto, if, else, if else, goto/break/continue 1. ωετ࣌͸ɺ1. ʹ௥ՃͰ + (ωετͷਂ͞) 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ

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● ෳࡶ౓ܭࢉϧʔϧ 1. ҎԼͷཁૉ͕͋Ε͹ +1 for, switch, goto, if, else, if else, goto/break/continue 1. ωετ࣌͸ɺ1. ʹ௥ՃͰ + (ωετͷਂ͞) 49 ࢀߟ: White Pager (Appendix B) https://sonarsource.com/docs/CognitiveComplexity.pdf for ΍ if Ͱෳࡶ౓͸૿Ճ 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ

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● ෳࡶ౓ܭࢉϧʔϧ 1. ҎԼͷཁૉ͕͋Ε͹ +1 for, switch, goto, if, else, if else, goto/break/continue 1. ωετ࣌͸ɺ1. ʹ௥ՃͰ + (ωετͷਂ͞) 50 ࢀߟ: White Pager (Appendix B) https://sonarsource.com/docs/CognitiveComplexity.pdf 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ ωετͷਂ͕͞Ճࢉ஋ʹ

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● ෳࡶ౓ܭࢉϧʔϧ 1. ҎԼͷཁૉ͕͋Ε͹ +1 for, switch, goto, if, else, if else, goto/break/continue 1. ωετ࣌͸ɺ1. ʹ௥ՃͰ + (ωετͷਂ͞) 51 ࢀߟ: White Pager (Appendix B) https://sonarsource.com/docs/CognitiveComplexity.pdf 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ early return ͸OK continue ͸NG

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Go ͷϓϩάϥϜΛܭଌͯ͠Έ͍ͨʂ 52 52 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ

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੩తղੳπʔϧΛ࡞ΔͨΊͷ ϥΠϒϥϦ͸ͨ͘͞Μ͋Δ 53 53 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ

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golang.org/x/tools/go/analysis golang.org/x/tools/go/ast/inspector golang.org/x/tools/go/ast/astuil golang.org/x/tools/go/ssa … 54 54 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ

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੩తղੳॳ৺ऀ͔Β͢Δͱ.. 55 55 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ

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֓೦͕ଟͯ͘ཧղ͕େม͔΋... 56 56 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ

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57 57 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ ֓೦͕ଟͯ͘ཧղ͕େม͔΋...

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େݩʹ͋Δඪ४ͷ go/ast ͚ͩͰ΋े෼࡞ΕΔ 58 58 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ

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੩తղੳͷ࠷ॳͷҰาͱͯ͠ جૅͱͯ͠ go/ast Λཧղ͍ͨ͠...! 59 59 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ

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Cognitive Complexity ܭଌπʔϧ go/ast Ͱ࣮૷ͯ͠جຊΛཧղ͠Α͏ 60 60 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ

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Cognitive Complexity ܭଌπʔϧ go/ast Ͱ࣮૷ͯ͠جຊΛཧղ͠Α͏ 61 61 3. Cognitive Complexityͱ͸ʁ

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go/ast ͱ͸ʁ 62 62

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● go/ast ͱ͸ ○ ߏจ໦Λදݱ͢ΔͨΊʹ࢖༻͞ΕΔܕ͕ೖͬͨύοέʔδ ○ linter Λ࡞Δͱ͖ͳͲʹར༻͞Ε͍ͯΔ 4. go/ast ͱ͸ʁ 63

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● go/ast ͱ͸ ○ ߏจ໦Λදݱ͢ΔͨΊʹ࢖༻͞ΕΔܕ͕ೖͬͨύοέʔδ ○ linter Λ࡞Δͱ͖ͳͲʹར༻͞Ε͍ͯΔ ● AST(ந৅ߏจ໦)ͱ͸ ○ ιʔείʔυΛѻ͍΍͍͢Α͏ʹ໦ߏ଄ʹͨ͠΋ͷ ○ Abstract Syntax Tree ͷུ 4. go/ast ͱ͸ʁ 64

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(ந৅)ߏจ໦ͬͯ݁ہͳΜͩ? 65 65 4. go/ast ͱ͸ʁ

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ιʔείʔυͷίϯύΠϧ࣌ͷ ྲྀΕͰ֬ೝͯ͠ΈΔ 66 66 4. go/ast ͱ͸ʁ

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67 67 ιʔείʔυ ࣮ߦϑΝΠϧ ίϯύΠϧ࣌ͷॲཧͷྲྀΕ 4. go/ast ͱ͸ʁ ίϯύΠϧ

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68 68 ιʔείʔυ ߏจ໦ ࣮ߦϑΝΠϧ ࣈ۟ղੳ & ߏจղੳ ҙຯղੳ & ࠷దԽ ίϯύΠϧ࣌ͷॲཧͷྲྀΕ 4. go/ast ͱ͸ʁ

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69 69 ιʔείʔυ ߏจ໦ ࣮ߦϑΝΠϧ func main() { result := `apple` + `pen` … } ࣈ۟ղੳ & ߏจղੳ ҙຯղੳ & ࠷దԽ ίϯύΠϧ࣌ͷॲཧͷྲྀΕ 4. go/ast ͱ͸ʁ

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70 70 ιʔείʔυ ߏจ໦ ࣮ߦϑΝΠϧ func main() { result := `apple` + `pen` … } ࣈ۟ղੳ & ߏจղੳ ҙຯղੳ & ࠷దԽ ίϯύΠϧ࣌ͷॲཧͷྲྀΕ 4. go/ast ͱ͸ʁ apple pen +

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71 71 ιʔείʔυ ߏจ໦ ࣮ߦϑΝΠϧ func main() { result := `apple` + `pen` … } ࣈ۟ղੳ & ߏจղੳ ҙຯղੳ & ࠷దԽ ίϯύΠϧ࣌ͷॲཧͷྲྀΕ 4. go/ast ͱ͸ʁ apple pen +

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72 72 ιʔείʔυ ߏจ໦ ࣮ߦϑΝΠϧ func main() { result := `apple` + `pen` … } ࣈ۟ղੳ & ߏจղੳ ҙຯղੳ & ࠷దԽ ίϯύΠϧ࣌ͷॲཧͷྲྀΕ 4. go/ast ͱ͸ʁ apple pen +

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73 73 ιʔείʔυ ߏจ໦ ࣮ߦϑΝΠϧ func main() { result := `apple` + `pen` … } ࣈ۟ղੳ & ߏจղੳ ҙຯղੳ & ࠷దԽ ίϯύΠϧ࣌ͷॲཧͷྲྀΕ ߏ଄Խ͞Ε͍ͯΔ͓͔͛Ͱ... ίʔυΛνΣοΫ͢Δॲཧ͕ॻ͖΍͍͢ (ྫ: ه๏ͷνΣοΫɺύοέʔδґଘͳͲ) AST = go/ast Ͱ͜ͷߏ଄Λར༻Ͱ͖ Δ 4. go/ast ͱ͸ʁ apple pen +

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஫: ࣮͸Go ͷίϯύΠϥͰ͸ go/ast Λ࢖͍ͬͯͳ͍ → go/ast ͸੩తղੳπʔϧͳͲͰར༻͞Ε͍ͯΔ 74 74 4. go/ast ͱ͸ʁ

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● go/ast Ͱදݱ͞ΕΔߏ଄ 75 4. go/ast ͱ͸ʁ

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● go/ast Ͱදݱ͞ΕΔߏ଄ 76 Node Node Node Node Node Node 4. go/ast ͱ͸ʁ

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● go/ast Ͱදݱ͞ΕΔߏ଄ 77 Node Node Node Node Node Node 4. go/ast ͱ͸ʁ ۩ମྫΛ go/ast ͷυΩϡϝϯτͰνΣοΫʂ

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AssignStmt BinaryExpr BlockStmt BranchStmt CallExpr DeclStmt DeferStmt EmptyStmt ExprStmt ForStmt 78 78 4. go/ast ͱ͸ʁ FuncDecl GenDecl GoStmt IfStmt ImportSpec IncDecStmt IndexExpr KeyValueExpr LabeledStmt ParenExpr RangeStmt ReturnStmt SelectStmt SelectorExpr SendStmt SliceExpr StartExpr SwitchStmt TypeAssertExpr TypeSpec TypeSwitchStmt UnaryExpr ValueSpec ͳͲ

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AssignStmt BinaryExpr BlockStmt BranchStmt CallExpr DeclStmt DeferStmt EmptyStmt ExprStmt ForStmt 79 79 4. go/ast ͱ͸ʁ FuncDecl GenDecl GoStmt IfStmt ImportSpec IncDecStmt IndexExpr KeyValueExpr LabeledStmt ParenExpr RangeStmt ReturnStmt SelectStmt SelectorExpr SendStmt SliceExpr StartExpr SwitchStmt TypeAssertExpr TypeSpec TypeSwitchStmt UnaryExpr ValueSpec ͳͲ େྔ...! Θ͚͕Θ͔Βͳ͍...

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AssignStmt BinaryExpr BlockStmt BranchStmt CallExpr DeclStmt DeferStmt EmptyStmt ExprStmt ForStmt 80 80 4. go/ast ͱ͸ʁ FuncDecl GenDecl GoStmt IfStmt ImportSpec IncDecStmt IndexExpr KeyValueExpr LabeledStmt ParenExpr RangeStmt ReturnStmt SelectStmt SelectorExpr SendStmt SliceExpr StartExpr SwitchStmt TypeAssertExpr TypeSpec TypeSwitchStmt UnaryExpr ValueSpec ͳͲ ΜʁΑ͘ݟΔͱ຤ඌ͕ڞ௨͍ͯ͠Δ΍͕ͭ͋Δͳ

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AssignStmt BinaryExpr BlockStmt BranchStmt CallExpr DeclStmt DeferStmt EmptyStmt ExprStmt ForStmt 81 81 4. go/ast ͱ͸ʁ FuncDecl GenDecl GoStmt IfStmt ImportSpec IncDecStmt IndexExpr KeyValueExpr LabeledStmt ParenExpr RangeStmt ReturnStmt SelectStmt SelectorExpr SendStmt SliceExpr StartExpr SwitchStmt TypeAssertExpr TypeSpec TypeSwitchStmt UnaryExpr ValueSpec ͳͲ

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AssignStmt BinaryExpr BlockStmt BranchStmt CallExpr DeclStmt DeferStmt EmptyStmt ExprStmt ForStmt 82 82 4. go/ast ͱ͸ʁ FuncDecl GenDecl GoStmt IfStmt ImportSpec IncDecStmt IndexExpr KeyValueExpr LabeledStmt ParenExpr RangeStmt ReturnStmt SelectStmt SelectorExpr SendStmt SliceExpr StartExpr SwitchStmt TypeAssertExpr TypeSpec TypeSwitchStmt UnaryExpr ValueSpec ͳͲ υΩϡϝϯτ͸ABCॱʹฒΜͰ͍Δ͕ ߏ଄ମ໊ͷ຤ඌʹ஫໨ͯ͠෼ྨ͢ΔͱΘ͔Γ΍͍͢

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Node ͷ෼ྨ ɾ Stmt : จ (Statement) ɾ Expr : ࣜ(Expression) ɾ Decl : એݴ(Declaration) ɾ Spec : εϖοΫ(Specification) ɾ Type : ܕ ɾ Lit : Ϧςϥϧ(Literal) etc… ● go/ast Ͱදݱ͞ΕΔߏ଄ 83 Node Node Node Node Node Node 4. go/ast ͱ͸ʁ

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Node ͷ෼ྨ ɾ Stmt : จ (Statement) ɾ Expr : ࣜ(Expression) ɾ Decl : એݴ(Declaration) ɾ Spec : εϖοΫ(Specification) ɾ Type : ܕ ɾ Lit : Ϧςϥϧ(Literal) etc… ● go/ast Ͱදݱ͞ΕΔߏ଄ 84 Node Node Node Node Node Node 4. go/ast ͱ͸ʁ ιʔείʔυ্΋࣮͸ interface ͕ ͪΌΜͱఆٛ͞Ε͍ͯΔ

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࣮ྫͰνΣοΫʂ 85 85 4. go/ast ͱ͸ʁ

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4. go/ast ͱ͸ʁ gopher.go

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4. go/ast ͱ͸ʁ gopher.go main.go : “gopher.go” ͷ AST Λग़ྗ͢Δ

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4. go/ast ͱ͸ʁ gopher.go main.go : “gopher.go” ͷ AST Λग़ྗ͢Δ AST ʹม׵ AST Λग़ྗ

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File GenDecl FuncDecl Ident BlockStm t CallExpr ImportSpec SelectorExpr BasicLit Ident FuncType FieldList BasicLit Ident Ident 4. go/ast ͱ͸ʁ gopher.go

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File GenDecl FuncDecl Ident BlockStm t CallExpr ImportSpec SelectorExpr BasicLit Ident FuncType FieldList BasicLit Ident Ident main import (શମ) import (1ͭ) “fmt” () (Ҿ਺ͳ͠) “gopher ” func {} fmt Printl n “Gopher! !” ( ) . 4. go/ast ͱ͸ʁ gopher.go

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File GenDecl FuncDecl Ident BlockStm t CallExpr ImportSpec SelectorExpr BasicLit Ident FuncType FieldList BasicLit Ident Ident main import (શମ) import (1ͭ) “fmt” () (Ҿ਺ͳ͠) “gopher ” func {} fmt Printl n “Gopher! !” ( ) File ͕ϧʔτʂ . 4. go/ast ͱ͸ʁ gopher.go

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File GenDecl FuncDecl Ident BlockStm t CallExpr ImportSpec SelectorExpr BasicLit Ident FuncType FieldList BasicLit Ident Ident main import (શମ) import (1ͭ) “fmt” () (Ҿ਺ͳ͠) “gopher ” func {} . fmt Printl n “Gopher! !” ( ) File ͕ϧʔτʂ 4. go/ast ͱ͸ʁ gopher.go

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File GenDecl FuncDecl Ident BlockStm t CallExpr ImportSpec SelectorExpr BasicLit Ident FuncType FieldList BasicLit Ident Ident main import (શମ) import (1ͭ) “fmt” () (Ҿ਺ͳ͠) “gopher ” func {} . fmt Printl n “Gopher! !” ( ) File ͕ϧʔτʂ 4. go/ast ͱ͸ʁ gopher.go

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File GenDecl FuncDecl Ident BlockStm t CallExpr ImportSpec SelectorExpr BasicLit Ident FuncType FieldList BasicLit Ident Ident main import (શମ) import (1ͭ) “fmt” () (Ҿ਺ͳ͠) “gopher ” func {} . fmt Printl n “Gopher! !” ( ) File ͕ϧʔτʂ 4. go/ast ͱ͸ʁ gopher.go

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File GenDecl FuncDecl Ident BlockStm t CallExpr ImportSpec SelectorExpr BasicLit Ident FuncType FieldList BasicLit Ident Ident main import (શମ) import (1ͭ) “fmt” () (Ҿ਺ͳ͠) “gopher ” func {} . fmt Printl n “Gopher! !” ( ) File ͕ϧʔτʂ 4. go/ast ͱ͸ʁ gopher.go

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ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷ 96 96

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● ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ ○ ιʔείʔυ͔Β֤ؔ਺͝ͱͷ Cognitive Complexity Λܭࢉ͢Δ 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷ 97

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● ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ ○ ιʔείʔυ͔Β֤ؔ਺͝ͱͷ Cognitive Complexity Λܭࢉ͢Δ ● શମͷߏ଄ 1. ιʔείʔυ͔ΒASTΛੜ੒ 2. AST͔Βؔ਺ͷϊʔυͷΈநग़ 3. ֤ؔ਺಺ͷෳࡶ౓Λܭࢉ 98 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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ᶃ ιʔείʔυ͔ΒASTΛੜ੒ 99 99 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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ᶃ ιʔείʔυ͔ΒASTΛੜ੒ 100 100 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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ᶃ ιʔείʔυ͔ΒASTΛੜ੒ 101 101 ϧʔτʹͳΔ Node (File) ͕औಘͰ͖Δ ଞͷNode͸͔͜͜ΒͨͲΔ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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ᶄ AST͔Βؔ਺ͷϊʔυͷΈநग़ 102 102 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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ᶄ AST͔Βؔ਺ͷϊʔυͷΈநग़ 103 103 ᶃ ͷ File (Node) 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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ᶄ AST͔Βؔ਺ͷϊʔυͷΈநग़ 104 104 ίʔυͷதͷؔ਺ͷΈΛऔΓग़͢ → ᶅ Ͱؔ਺ຖʹॲཧ ᶃ ͷ File (Node) 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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ᶅ ֤ؔ਺಺ͷෳࡶ౓Λܭࢉ 105 105 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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3-1. ෳࡶ౓ͷܭࢉϧʔϧ࠶֬ೝ 106 106 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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● ෳࡶ౓ܭࢉϧʔϧ(࠶ܝ) 1. ҎԼͷཁૉ͕͋Ε͹ +1 for, switch, goto, if, else, if else, goto/break/continue 1. ωετ࣌͸ɺ1. ʹ௥ՃͰ + (ωετͷਂ͞) 107 ࢀߟ: White Pager (Appendix B) https://sonarsource.com/docs/CognitiveComplexity.pdf 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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3-2. ॲཧͷશମ૾ 108 108 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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ᶅ ֤ؔ਺಺ͷෳࡶ౓Λܭࢉ ؔ਺ຖʹ Visitor Ͱ֤ϊʔυΛ૸ࠪͤ͞Δ 109 109 FuncDecl CallExpr ForStmt ReturnStmt IfStmt BranchStmt ※ ؆ུ൛AST 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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ᶅ ֤ؔ਺಺ͷෳࡶ౓Λܭࢉ ؔ਺ຖʹ Visitor Ͱ֤ϊʔυΛ૸ࠪͤ͞Δ 110 110 FuncDecl CallExpr ForStmt ReturnStmt IfStmt BranchStmt ※ ؆ུ൛AST for if continue 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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ᶅ ֤ؔ਺಺ͷෳࡶ౓Λܭࢉ ؔ਺ຖʹ Visitor Ͱ֤ϊʔυΛ૸ࠪͤ͞Δ 111 111 FuncDecl CallExpr ForStmt ReturnStmt IfStmt BranchStmt ※ ؆ུ൛AST for if continue (+1) 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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ᶅ ֤ؔ਺಺ͷෳࡶ౓Λܭࢉ ؔ਺ຖʹ Visitor Ͱ֤ϊʔυΛ૸ࠪͤ͞Δ 112 112 FuncDecl CallExpr ForStmt ReturnStmt IfStmt BranchStmt ※ ؆ུ൛AST for if continue (+1) (+2) 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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ᶅ ֤ؔ਺಺ͷෳࡶ౓Λܭࢉ ؔ਺ຖʹ Visitor Ͱ֤ϊʔυΛ૸ࠪͤ͞Δ 113 113 FuncDecl CallExpr ForStmt ReturnStmt IfStmt BranchStmt ※ ؆ུ൛AST for if continue (+1) (+2) (+1) 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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ᶅ ֤ؔ਺಺ͷෳࡶ౓Λܭࢉ ؔ਺ຖʹ Visitor Ͱ֤ϊʔυΛ૸ࠪͤ͞Δ 114 114 FuncDecl CallExpr ForStmt ReturnStmt IfStmt BranchStmt ※ ؆ུ൛AST for if continue (+1) (+2) (+1) ෳࡶ౓: 4 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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ᶅ ֤ؔ਺಺ͷෳࡶ౓Λܭࢉ ؔ਺ຖʹ Visitor Ͱ֤ϊʔυΛ૸ࠪͤ͞Δ 115 115 FuncDecl CallExpr ForStmt ReturnStmt IfStmt BranchStmt ※ ؆ུ൛AST for if continue (+1) (+2) (+1) ෳࡶ౓: 4 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷ ࣮૷ͷࢀߟ: https://github.com/fzipp/gocyclo, https://github.com/uudashr/gocognit

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ᶅ ֤ؔ਺಺ͷෳࡶ౓Λܭࢉ ؔ਺ຖʹ Visitor Ͱ֤ϊʔυΛ૸ࠪͤ͞Δ 116 116 FuncDecl CallExpr ForStmt ReturnStmt IfStmt BranchStmt ※ ؆ུ൛AST for if continue (+1) (+2) (+1) ෳࡶ౓: 4 ෳࡶ౓Λอ࣋ 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷ ࣮૷ͷࢀߟ: https://github.com/fzipp/gocyclo, https://github.com/uudashr/gocognit

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ᶅ ֤ؔ਺಺ͷෳࡶ౓Λܭࢉ ؔ਺ຖʹ Visitor Ͱ֤ϊʔυΛ૸ࠪͤ͞Δ 117 117 FuncDecl CallExpr ForStmt ReturnStmt IfStmt BranchStmt ※ ؆ུ൛AST for if continue (+1) (+2) (+1) ෳࡶ౓: 4 ωετͷਂ͞Λอ࣋ 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷ ࣮૷ͷࢀߟ: https://github.com/fzipp/gocyclo, https://github.com/uudashr/gocognit

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ᶅ ֤ؔ਺಺ͷෳࡶ౓Λܭࢉ ؔ਺ຖʹ Visitor Ͱ֤ϊʔυΛ૸ࠪͤ͞Δ 118 118 FuncDecl CallExpr ForStmt ReturnStmt IfStmt BranchStmt ※ ؆ུ൛AST for if continue (+1) (+2) (+1) ෳࡶ౓: 4 ࣮૷ͷࢀߟ: https://github.com/fzipp/gocyclo, https://github.com/uudashr/gocognit ܭࢉϧʔϧͷΤοδέʔε΁ͷରԠ (ࣗݾ࠶ؼͷݕ஌ ΍ʮelse if ͱ ifʯͷ۠ผ ) ※ ݸผͷ࿩ͳͷͰؾʹ͠ͳͯ͘OK 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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֤ϊʔυ΁ͷ૸ࠪॲཧͬͯͲ͏͢Ε͹ 119 119 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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go/ast ʹؔ਺͕༻ҙ͞Ε͍ͯΔ 120 120 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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3-3. ૸ࠪͷ࣮૷ 121 121 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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● ૸ࠪͷ࣮૷ 122 122 ast.Walk ࢦఆͨ͠ node ҎԼΛ visitor Ͱ૸ࠪ ast.Visitor ࢦఆ͞Εͨ node ΛVisitͰ૸ࠪ 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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● ૸ࠪͷ࣮૷ 123 123 ast.Walk ࢦఆͨ͠ node ҎԼΛ visitor Ͱ૸ࠪ ast.Visitor ࢦఆ͞Εͨ node ΛVisitͰ૸ࠪ Visit ͷ࣮૷ྫ 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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● ૸ࠪͷ࣮૷ 124 124 ast.Walk ࢦఆͨ͠ node ҎԼΛ visitor Ͱ૸ࠪ ast.Visitor ࢦఆ͞Εͨ node ΛVisitͰ૸ࠪ }Node͝ͱʹ ෼ذͯ͠ॲཧ Visit ͷ࣮૷ྫ 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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● ૸ࠪͷ࣮૷ 125 125 ast.Walk ࢦఆͨ͠ node ҎԼΛ visitor Ͱ૸ࠪ ast.Visitor ࢦఆ͞Εͨ node ΛVisitͰ૸ࠪ }Node͝ͱʹ ෼ذͯ͠ॲཧ Visit ͷ࣮૷ྫ ͜͜ͷத਎͸ͲΜͳײ͡ʁ 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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● ૸ࠪͷ࣮૷ ྫ: ForStmt ༻ͷॲཧ 126 126 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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1 + (ωετͷਂ͞) ͚ͩෳࡶ౓Λ௥Ճ ● ૸ࠪͷ࣮૷ ྫ: ForStmt ༻ͷॲཧ 127 127 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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● ૸ࠪͷ࣮૷ ྫ: ForStmt ༻ͷॲཧ ॳظԽɾ৚݅ɾมԽʹཁૉ͕ ͋Ε͹ͦͪΒΛ૸ࠪ (ਂ͞༏ઌ) 128 128 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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● ૸ࠪͷ࣮૷ ྫ: ForStmt ༻ͷॲཧ ωετΛ1ͭਂͯ͘͠ຊମॲཧ ↓ ऴΘͬͨΒωετΛ1ͭ໭͢ 129 129 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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ᶅ ֤ؔ਺಺ͷෳࡶ౓Λܭࢉ ׬ྃʂ 130 130 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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ᶃʙᶅΛ૊Έ߹ΘͤΔ 131 131 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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132 132 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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133 133 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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134 134 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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135 135 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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׬੒඼͸ͪ͜Β https://github.com/nrnrk/gocognito 136 136 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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ײ૝ 137 137 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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go/ast ศརʂָ͍͠ʂ 138 138 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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go/ast ศརʂָ͍͠ʂ 139 139 5. ෳࡶ౓ܭଌπʔϧ࣮૷

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ֶͼͱิ଍ 140 140

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● ֶͼ ○ go/ast ͷߏ଄ମΛཧղ͢Δͱ͖ͷίπ ■ Stmt(จ) ͳͲͰ෼ྨ͢ΔͱΘ͔Γ΍͍͢ ■ Goݴޠ࢓༷ͷϖʔδͰݕࡧͯ͠Θ͔Δ͜ͱ΋ʂ ■ tenntenn ͞Μͷهࣄ܈͸੩తղੳͷ޿͍ൣғΛղઆͯ͘͠Ε͍ͯΔ ○ ੩తղੳπʔϧͷࣗ࡞ʹΑͬͯ go/ast ͱ Goݴޠͷཧղ͕ਂ·ͬͨ ■ → ʮ੩తղੳπʔϧ͍ͭͰ΋࡞ΕΔͥʂʯͱੵۃతͳؾ࣋ͪʹ 6. ֶͼͱิ଍ 141

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● ิ଍ ○ golang.org/x/tools/go/analysis Λ࢖͏ͱ΋ͬͱศརʂ ■ ࡞ͬͨπʔϧΛ؆୯ʹఏڙͰ͖Δ(Analyzer) ■ ͢Ͱʹ͋ΔπʔϧΛ؆୯ʹ૊Έ߹ΘͤΒΕΔ (FuncDecl ͷϑΟϧλ) ■ ςετ͕؆୯ʹ͔͚Δ(analysistest) ○ ͦͷଞͷؔ࿈ϥΠϒϥϦ ■ golang.org/x/tools/go/ssa ● ม਺ͷ࠶୅ೖͳͲΛ௥͍͔͚Δඞཁ͕͋Δͱ͖ͳͲ ■ golang.org/x/tools/go/ast/astutil ● AST ࣗମʹมߋΛՃ͑Δͱ͖ͳͲ 142 6. ֶͼͱิ଍

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● ิ଍ ○ golang.org/x/tools/go/analysis Λ࢖͏ͱ΋ͬͱศརʂ ■ ࡞ͬͨπʔϧΛ؆୯ʹఏڙͰ͖Δ(Analyzer) ■ ͢Ͱʹ͋ΔπʔϧΛ؆୯ʹ૊Έ߹ΘͤΒΕΔ (FuncDecl ͷϑΟϧλ) ■ ςετ͕؆୯ʹ͔͚Δ(analysistest) ○ ͦͷଞͷؔ࿈ϥΠϒϥϦ ■ golang.org/x/tools/go/ssa ● ม਺ͷ࠶୅ೖͳͲΛ௥͍͔͚Δඞཁ͕͋Δͱ͖ͳͲ ■ golang.org/x/tools/go/ast/astutil ● AST ࣗମʹมߋΛՃ͑Δͱ͖ͳͲ 143 6. ֶͼͱิ଍

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144 6. ֶͼͱิ଍ golang.org/x/tools/go/analysis/analysistest ͷྫ → ςετର৅ͷؔ਺Λ testdata/src/a/a.go ʹஔ͍ͯɺ “// want “ ίϝϯτΛॻ͚ͩ͘Ͱྑ͍ʂ testdata/src/a/a.go

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145 6. ֶͼͱิ଍ golang.org/x/tools/go/analysis/analysistest ͷྫ → ςετର৅ͷؔ਺Λ testdata/src/a/a.go ʹஔ͍ͯɺ “// want “ ίϝϯτΛॻ͚ͩ͘Ͱྑ͍ʂ testdata/src/a/a.go

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·ͱΊ 146 146

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● ·ͱΊ ○ Cognitive Complexity ͸ɺਓؒʹͱͬͯͷෳࡶ౓Λද͢ࢦඪ ○ go/ast Λ࢖͏͜ͱͰෳࡶ౓ͷܭଌπʔϧͳͲͷ੩తղੳπʔϧΛ؆୯ʹ࣮ ૷͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ ■ golang.org/x/tools/go/analysis ͳͲ΋ศར ○ go/ast ָ͔ͬͨ͠ʂ࢖ͬͨ͜ͱ͕ͳ͍ਓ͸ੋඇ࢖ͬͯΈΑ͏ʂ 147 7. ·ͱΊ ͓͢͢Ί͍ͨ͠GoϥΠϒϥϦ౤ථड෇த!