Ruby in 2019 - Speaker Deck

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All About Ruby in 2019 2019೥ɺվΊͯ஫໨͢ΔRuby―RubyKaigi͔ΒݟΔRuby 3.0ͷՄೳੑ Presentation by Uchio Kondo @Developers Summit 2019 Fukuoka

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Engineer @ GMO Pepabo, Inc. Uchio Kondo / @udzura https://blog.udzura.jp/ * ɹɹɹɹɹɹɹɹ ϩʔΧϧΦʔΨφΠβʔ/ొஃऀ * CloudNative Days Fukuoka 2019 νΣΞΦʔΨφΠβʔ * ίϛϡχςΟ: Fukuoka.rb ɺ #;͘͹Ͷͯ͢ * Duolingo Ruby Leaguer

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Ruby Language

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࣭໰Ͱ͢ • ͓࢓ࣄͰRuby࢖͍ͬͯ·͔͢ʁ • ͓࢓ࣄͰRails͡Όͳ͍RubyΛ࢖͍ͬͯ·͔͢ʁ • RubyKaigi 2019 in Fukuokaɺߦ͖·͔ͨ͠ʁ

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Ruby in 2019

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Ruby • ޿͘࢖ΘΕ͍ͯΔϓϩάϥϛϯάݴޠͰ།Ұɺ೔ຊਓ͕։ൃͨ͠΋ͷ • εΫϦϓτݴޠɺΦϒδΣΫτࢦ޲ɺಈతܕ෇͚ • ࠷৽൛: 2.6.4 @ 2019-08-28 • ։ൃ൛: 2.7.0-preview1 @ 2019-05-31

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TryRuby! • https://ruby.github.io/TryRuby/

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Ruby on Dockerhub • Docker community͕४උͨ͠RubyҎ֎ʹɺRuby core teamͷϏϧυͯ͠ ͍ΔΠϝʔδ͕ଘࡏ͢Δɻ৔߹ʹΑͬͯ͸ͪ͜ΒΛ࢖ͬͨํ͕͍͍͔΋ • Docker community൛: ruby:2.6.3-* • Ruby core team൛: rubylang/ruby:2.6.3-* • trunk(एऀͷ͍͏master) ΋؆୯ʹར༻Ͱ͖Δ

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diﬀ • ઃఆ͞Ε͍ͯΔ؀ڥม਺͕ҧ͏ɻDocker community ެࣜͷ΋ͷ͸บ͕͋ Δҹ৅... ٯʹ bionic Ҏ֎ͷbase image͸Docker൛ʹ͔͠ͳ͍

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RubyϦϙδτϦGitԽ • ௕Β͘ Subversion ͕ϝΠϯϦϙδτϦ͕ͩͬͨGitʹҠߦ • GitHub ͳͲͰϛϥʔ͍͕ͨ͠ git-svn ͸ͱͯ΋໘౗ • ύονΛૹͬͯ͘Εͨਓͷ৘ใͳͲΛ͏·͘ࡌ͍ͤͨ • https://k0kubun.hatenablog.com/entry/ruby-core-2019 • https://www.hsbt.org/diary/20190423.html

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git.ruby-lang.org • ެࣜͷϦϙδτϦ͸cgitͰίϛϡχςΟ͕ϗετ͍ͯ͠Δ • ʮGitHubԽʯ͸͍ͯ͠ͳ͍ • ͱ͸͍͑clone͍ͨ͠ࡍ͸GitHubͷϛϥʔਪ঑ • GitHubʹPRΛग़ͤ͹൓өͯ͘͠ΕΔ͠ɺίϯτϦϏϡʔλʹ΋ܝࡌ͞Ε Δʢʂʂʣ • Git ͷ෼ࢄϦϙδτϦͰ͋Δͱ͜ΖͷϝϦοτ https://git.ruby-lang.org/ruby.git/

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ͪͳΈʹ • ඪ४ϥΠϒϥϦ͸ gem Խ͕΄΅ऴΘ͍ͬͯΔ • https://stdgems.org/ • GitHub ্Ͱɺ Ruby ίΞͱ͸ผͷϦϙδτϦʹͳ͍ͬͯΔ  ʢRubyίΞࣗମ͸ɺgitwebʹ͋Δʣ • https://github.com/ruby/

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ͪͳΈʹ • ඪ४ϥΠϒϥϦͰ͋ͬͯ΋ɺʮ࠷৽൛ʯΛΠϯετʔϧͯ͠ར༻͕Մೳ $ gem install specific_install $ gem specific_install http://github.com/ruby/irb $ gem list -d irb *** LOCAL GEMS *** irb (1.1.0.pre.2, 1.0.0) Author: Keiju ISHITSUKA Homepage: https://github.com/ruby/irb License: BSD-2-Clause Installed at (1.1.0.pre.2): /Users/udzura/.rbenv/versions/2.6.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0 (1.0.0, default): /Users/udzura/.rbenv/versions/2.6.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0 Interactive Ruby command-line tool for REPL (Read Eval Print Loop).

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ruby-jp • ೔ຊޠΛ࿩ͤΔRubyistʹΑΔڊେSlack͕Ͱ͖ͨ • https://ruby-jp.github.io/ • > ruby-jp ͸ Ruby ϓϩάϥϚʔಉ࢜ͷަྲྀΛ໨తͱͨ͠ Slack ϫʔΫε ϖʔεͰ͢ɻ  > ࢀՃऀͷٕज़ϨϕϧʹؔΘΒͣɺ࣭໰ɾ૬ஊɾ৘ใަ׵ΛؾܰʹͰ͖Δ ৔Λ໨ࢦ͍ͯ͠·͢ɻ

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Where Ruby is used • Web Application Framework: Ruby on Rails • 6.0 released @ 2019-08-15

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Where Ruby is used • Logging middleware: Fluentd • A member project of Cloud Native Computing Foundation

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Where Ruby is used • Infrastructure as Software: • Chef/Itamae • Vagrant • Serverspec

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Where Ruby will be used? • Frontend!!! • Opal • Data Science • Red Data Tools

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͓·͚: mruby • ʮ૊ΈࠐΈʯ޲͚ mruby • ಛ௃: • CRuby ͱൺ΂όΠφϦ͕খ͔ͬͨ͞ΓলϝϞϦ  ʮશ෦ೖΓʯmrubyόΠφϦ/static libΛ࡞Γ΍͍͢  C API͕੔උ͞Ε͍ͯΔ • ͨͩ͠ɺࠓ೔͸CRubyͷ࿩Λத৺ʹ͠·͢...

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RubyKaigi in 2019 https://rubykaigi.org/2019

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Venue • ෱Ԭࠃࡍձٞ৔ @ 2019-04-18 ~ 20

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԰୆ϥϯν

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࠙਌ձ

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Talks

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Topics • Keynotes: • About Ruby 3 and its future by Matz • Branch Maintainer’s Life by nagachika • Extreme optimization tech for Ruby by Jeremy • Talks: • C-level Ruby optimization / speciﬁcation details • Ecosystems such as bundler, RSpec, Typings, Homebrew... • JRuby / TruﬄeRuby / mruby... / serverless, containers, cloudnative...

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Ruby committers vs the world • Photo from: https://tech.drecom.co.jp/rubykaigi-2019-day3-report/

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Ruby updates in (2.3..2.6)

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Ruby 2.3.0 • Frozen String Literal ϓϥάϚ • did_you_mean gem ͷόϯυϧ • ʮ&.ʯΦϖϨʔλͷಋೖɻnilͰ΋ͳΔ΂҆͘શʹϝιουݺͼग़͠ • ύϑΥʔϚϯεͷվળʢProc#call ͷ࠷దԽͳͲʣ

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Ruby 2.4.0 • Fixnum/Bignumͷ౷߹ • binding.irb ͱॻ͚ΔΑ͏ʹͳΔ • ύϑΥʔϚϯεվળʢHashͷ಺෦σʔλߏ଄มߋͳͲʣ

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Ruby 2.5.0 • rescue/else/ensure Λ do/end ϒϩοΫʹ௚઀ॻ͚ΔΑ͏ʹ • ΧόϨοδͷڧԽʢ෼ذΧόϨοδͱϝιουΧόϨοδͷαϙʔτʣ • ύϑΥʔϚϯεͷվળʢVMͰͷtrace໋ྩͷ੔ཧɺϒϩοΫ౉͠ͷํࣜม ߋɺERBͷվળʣ

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Ruby 2.6.0 • JITͷಋೖ • RubyVM::AST ͷಋೖ • ऴ୺ͳ͠Rangeͷಋೖ • ύϑΥʔϚϯεͷվળ  ʢϒϩοΫݺͼग़͠ͷվળɺίϧʔνϯͷωΠςΟϒԽʣ

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Six Years of Ruby Performance • From RubyKaigi 2019 https://rubykaigi.org/2019/presentations/codefolio.html

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What’s new in Ruby 2.7.0 !!

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Caveats • ਖ਼ࣜϦϦʔεલͷόʔδϣϯͷ࢓༷ͳͷͰมߋ͢Δ͜ͱ͕͋Γ·͢ • ࣮ࡍൃදޙʹ2ՕॴมΘ͍ͬͯ·͢ʼʻ • ൃද࣌఺ʢ2019-08-29 17:00ʣͰͷ৘ใͱͳΓ·͢

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Pattern matching • case ... in ... ͱ͍͏จ๏Λಋೖ • ෳࡶͳߏ଄ͷϚονϯάͷधཁʹԠ࣮͑ͯ૷ɻ  ΨʔυઅͳͲ΋͋Δ • Duck TypingΛར༻ͯ͠Ϛονϯά͢ΔΫϥεΛ֦ுͰ͖Δ http://blog.akanumahiroaki.com/entry/2019/05/02/200000

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Pattern matching: demo

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Numbered parameter in block https://autopp-tech.hatenablog.com/entry/2019/03/19/095500

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Changed! (edited after presentation) • @1, @2, @3 -> _1, _2, _3 • _1, _2, _3 ͱ͍͏ϩʔΧϧม਺͕͋ͬͨΒܯࠂ͕ग़ΔΑ͏ʹͳΓ·͢

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Beginless range https://blog.saeloun.com/2019/08/19/ruby-2-7-adds-beginless-range.html

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Pipeline operator https://dev.to/baweaver/ruby-2-7-the-pipeline-operator-1b2d ※ ͜Ε͸ preview-1 ʹ͸ؚ·Εͣɺdev൛ͷΈͰ͢

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reverted... (edited after presentation) > Maybe we would revisit the idea in the future (with diﬀerent operator appearance)

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.: operator

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IRB improvement Syntax highlight ϝιουิ׬࣌ʹ υΩϡϝϯτ͕ग़Δ

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More next generation features in Ruby

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Typing • Current implementations: • Sorbet • ίʔυ಺ͷܕΞϊςʔγϣϯ • Steep • Gradual TypingɺܕఆٛϑΝΠϧ(.rbi) • ...

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Sorbet demo:

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Sorbet demo:

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Steep demo:

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Concurrency (Guild) • Many presentations by Koichi Sasada • "Guild Prototype" in RubyKaigi “2018” https://www.slideshare.net/KoichiSasada/guild-prototype

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Guild Idea • Thread/FiberΛ͞ΒʹแΉ΋ͷͱͯ͠GuildʢԾ໊ʣΛಋೖ • Guildʹॴଐ͍ͯ͠ΔΦϒδΣΫτ͸ɺଞͷGuild͔Β৮Εͳ͍ • Guildಉ࢜ͰΠϛϡʔλϒϧͳΦϒδΣΫτ͚ͩΛɺνϟϯωϧͰڞ༗

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Concurrency (AutoFiber) • Switch Fibers by I/O operations • ʮ໊લʯ໰୊... https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/13618

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Is Ruby dead??

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What is being dead? • ୭΋࢖Θͳ͘ͳͬͨΒʁ • ։ൃ͕ఀࢭͨ͠Βʁ/׆ൃͰ͸ͳ͘ͳͬͨΒʁ • ࿩୊ʹͳΒͳ͘ͳͬͨΒʁ

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Hype Cycles https://www.gartner.com/jp/research/methodologies/gartner-hype-cycle

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Conclusion

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The future • Ruby ͸ࠓ΋ΞΫςΟϒʹ։ൃ͕͞Ε͍ͯΔ • Ϣʔβ͕ଟ͍ݴޠͰ͸͋Δʹ΋͔͔ΘΒͣɺະདྷͷͨΊʹେ͖ͳมߋ͕ ೖ͍ͬͯΔͱ͜Ζ • ܕ҆શੑɺฒߦੑɺύλʔϯϚονͳͲͷ࠷ۙͷݴޠͷ੒ՌΛऔΓೖΕ Α͏ͱ͍ͯ͠Δ • ͏·͍͚͘͹ɺΑΓݱ୅తͳݴޠͱͯ͠࠶౓஫໨͕ू·Δ͔΋