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@igorflorianfs IGOR FLORIAN

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CONCEITOS QUE PODEM TE AJUDAR A ESCREVER TESTES MELHORES

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Quando conheci Ruby …

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TESTAR É IMPORTANTE

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refatoração one-line test OMG ❤ ❤ ❤ let & subject everywhere DRY this, DRY that shared examples!!!!! OMFG rubylindus2s2s2

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NO INICIO, ENCONTREI ALGUNS CONTEÚDOS

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RSpec Factory Girl Capybara Cucumber RSpec RSpec RSpec RSpec RSpec RSpec RSpec RSpec RSpec RSpec RSpec

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#PARTIUTESTAR

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Na prática…

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No content

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TESTAR É DIFICIL

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Conhecer apenas não é o suficiente para testar bem

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Precisamos de conceitos

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AS IDEIAS DE UM BOM TESTE ERAM FRÁGEIS

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MANUTENÇÃO SOFRÍVEL

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E o maior problema era a legibilidade

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Onde cê quer chegar? +

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Quero apresentar conceitos e palavras-chave

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- ESTRUTURA - TESTES OBSCUROS - FERRAMENTAS - DRY - TESTES AUTOCONTIDOS

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Mas antes… ✋

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OBJETIVOS ALÉM DE COBERTURA E GARANTIA

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TESTE NÃO SERVE APENAS PARA COBERTURA

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DOCUMENTAÇÃO?

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Como exemplo com certeza!

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EXEMPLOS PRECISAM DE EXPRESSIVIDADE

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DÊ UMA BOA DESCRIÇÃO

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Explicar o que o código do teste faz

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it 'inactivates an order only 5 days after creation' do #... end it 'does not create an order with inactive customer' do #... end it 'creates a seller with unique cnpj' do #... end

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É inviável ler todo o código de cada teste para entendê-los

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PENSE NO FEEDBACK

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No content

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No content

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Descrição de teste é como se fosse o título de uma dissertação

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O teste deve refletir a descrição

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Ou vai tirar 0 na aula de dissertação

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it 'creates a seller with unique cnpj' do customer = Customer.create( name: 'Customer', cpf: '999.999.999-99' ) expect(customer).to be_valid end

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✅ it 'creates a seller with unique cnpj' do seller = Seller.create( name: 'Seller', cnpj: '99.999.999-99' ) expect(seller).to be_valid end

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SUT (System Under Test)

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describe Order do #… end

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class OrderTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase #… end

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COLABORADORES

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it 'does not create an order with inactive customer' do # Collaborators customer = Customer.create!(name: 'John', status: :inactive) seller = Seller.create!(name: 'JewelStore') product = Product.create!(name: 'Ruby', seller: seller, price_unit: 2015) # SUT order = Order.create!(customer: customer, seller: seller, product: product) end

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4 ETAPAS DO TESTE
 (Estrutura canônica)

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it 'does not pay an inactive order' do customer = Customer.create!(name: 'John') seller = Seller.create!(name: 'JewelStore') product = Product.create!(name: 'Ruby', seller: seller, price_unit: 2015) credit_card = PaymentMethod.create!(name: 'Visa', type: 'credit card') order = Order.create!( customer: customer, seller: seller, product: product, status: :inactive ) payment = order.pay!(credit_card) expect(payment).to be(false) order.destroy! product.destroy! credit_card.destroy! seller.destroy! customer.destroy! end

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ESTRUTURA TEXTUAL

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NOVELAS

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SETUP 
 (Preparação)

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it 'does not pay an inactive order' do # Setup customer = Customer.create!(name: 'John') seller = Seller.create!(name: 'JewelStore') product = Product.create!(name: 'Ruby', seller: seller, price_unit: 2015) credit_card = PaymentMethod.create!(name: 'Visa', type: 'credit card') order = Order.create!( customer: customer, seller: seller, product: product, status: :inactive ) # … end

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EXERCSE
 (Exercício)

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Execução do código da aplicação

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it 'does not pay an inactive order' do # Setup #… # Exercise payment = order.pay!(credit_card) # … end

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VERIFY ✅ 
 (Verificação)

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it 'does not pay an inactive order' do # Setup #… # Exercise #… # Verify expect(payment).to be false #… end

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TEARDOWN 
 (Desconstrução)

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it 'does not pay an inactive order' do # … # Teardown order.destroy! product.destroy! credit_card.destroy! seller.destroy! customer.destroy! end

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it 'does not pay an inactive order' do # Setup customer = Customer.create!(name: 'John') seller = Seller.create!(name: 'JewelStore') product = Product.create!(name: 'Ruby', seller: seller, price_unit: 2015) credit_card = PaymentMethod.create!(name: 'Visa', type: 'credit card') order = Order.create!( customer: customer, seller: seller, product: product, status: :inactive ) # Exercise payment = order.pay!(credit_card) # Verify expect(payment).to be(false) # Teardown order.destroy! product.destroy! credit_card.destroy! seller.destroy! customer.destroy! end

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TESTES OBSCUROS

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MYSTERY GUEST

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it 'pays an active order with credit card' do # Exercise order.pay!(credit_card) # Verify expect(order).to be_paid expect(order.payment_method).to eql(credit_card) end

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subject(:order) { Order.create!(customer: customer, seller: seller, product: product, status: :active) } describe '#imaginary_method' do it 'some imaginary test 1' do # … end it 'some imaginary test 2' do # … end it 'some imaginary test 3' do # … end it 'some imaginary test 4' do # … end end describe '#pay!' do it 'pays an active order with credit card' do # Exercise order.pay!(credit_card) # Verify expect(order).to be_paid expect(order.payment_method).to eql(credit_card) end end context 'validations' do it 'does not create an order with inactive customer' do # … end it 'inactive an order only 5 days after creation' do # … end end

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Se é relevante pro teste, pra que extrair?

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✅ it 'pays an active order with credit card' do # Setup order = Order.create!( customer: customer, seller: seller, product: product, status: :active ) # Exercise order.pay!(credit_card) # Verify expect(order).to be_paid expect(order.payment_method).to eql(credit_card) end

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EAGER TEST
 (IRRELEVANT INFORMATION)

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CONVIDADO que deveria ser COADJUNVANTE

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MUITA INFORMAÇÃO CAUSA DISTRAÇÃO

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describe '#pay!' do it 'pays an active order with credit card' do # Setup customer = Customer.create!(name: 'John') seller = Seller.create!(name: 'JewelStore') product = Product.create!(name: 'Ruby', seller: seller, price_unit: 2015) credit_card = PaymentMethod.create!(name: 'Visa', type: 'credit card') order = Order.create!(customer: customer, seller: seller, product: product, status: :active) # Exercise order.pay!(credit_card) # Verify expect(order).to be_paid expect(order.payment_method).to eql(credit_card) # Teardown # … end end

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✅ let(:customer) { Customer.create!(name: 'John') } let(:seller) { Seller.create!(name: 'JewelStore') } let(:product) { Product.create!(name: 'Ruby', seller: seller, price_unit: 2015) } let(:credit_card) { PaymentMethod.create!(name: 'Visa', type: 'credit card') } describe '#pay!' do it 'pays an active order with credit card' do # Setup order = Order.create!(customer: customer, seller: seller, product: product, status: :active) # Exercise order.pay!(credit_card) # Verify expect(order).to be_paid expect(order.payment_method).to eql(credit_card) # Teardown # … end end

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Diga mais sobre o SUT e menos sobre os colaboradores

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FERRAMENTAS

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As features do RSpec são instigantes
 ❤

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Problemas para soluções

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MINITEST ROOTS

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#FOCONOTESTE

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É POSSÍVEL ADICIONAR COMPLEXIDADE ⚠

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Com o tempo aprendi a viver sem RSpec

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E quando voltei &, aprendi a usar suas features

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describe Order do #… subject(:order) do Order.create!( customer: customer, seller: seller, product: product, status: :active ) end context 'with inactive customer' do let(:customer) { Customer.create!(name: 'Stiven', status: :inactive) } it 'does not pay the order' do # Exercise order.pay!(credit_card) # Verify expect(order).not_to be_paid end end end

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✅ context 'active order payment' do subject(:order) { Order.create!(customer: customer, seller: seller, product: product, status: :active) } describe '#pay!' do it 'with credit card' do # Exercise order.pay!(credit_card) # Verify expect(order).to be_paid expect(order.payment_method).to eql(credit_card) end it 'with payment slip' do # Exercise order.pay!(credit_card) # Verify expect(order).to be_paid expect(order.payment_method).to eql(credit_card) end it 'with eletronic transfer' do #… end end end

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✅ let(:network_error) { "You can't upload picture.jpg, network isn't available" } let(:encoding_error) { "The log.txt has an encoding error" } let(:errors) { network_error + " \n" + encoding_error } describe '#parse_by_type' do it 'parses all possible errors' do # Setup parser = Parser.new(errors) # Exercise parsed_errors = parser.parse_by_type # Verify expect(parsed_errors).to eql({ network: ['picture.jpg'], ecoding: ['log.txt'] }) end it 'parses network errors' do # Setup parser = Parser.new(network_error) # Exercise parsed_errors = parser.parse_by_type # Verify expect(parsed_errors).to eql({ network: ['picture.jpg'] }) end end

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✅ let(:customer) { Customer.create!(name: 'John') } let(:seller) { Seller.create!(name: 'JewelStore') } let(:product) { Product.create!(name: 'Ruby', seller: seller, price_unit: 2015) } let(:credit_card) { PaymentMethod.create!(name: 'Visa', type: 'credit card') } describe '#pay!' do it 'pays an active order with credit card' do # Setup order = Order.create!(customer: customer, seller: seller, product: product, status: :active) # Exercise order.pay!(credit_card) # Verify expect(order).to be_paid expect(order.payment_method).to eql(credit_card) # Teardown #… end end

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DRY EM TESTES ☔

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Escrever código TESTE != APLICAÇÃO

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Os objetivos também

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Técnicas de refatoração pragmáticas e tolerantes +

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A maioria das situações não precisa de refatoração

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“Escute seu código”, talvez a melhor saída seja repensar o design

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"Pô, mas não tem jeito!" ✋

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MÉTODOS DE TESTE E HELPERS

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module AuthenticationHelper def login_as(user) session[:current_user_id] = user.id end end

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before do login_as(users(:john)) end feature "product creation" do # ... end feature "product inactivation" do # ... end

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describe UserImporter do # ... def generate_file(content) file = Tempfile.new('test_file') file.write(content) file end end

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describe '#by_file' do it 'imports a male user' do # Setup file = generate_file('John | 23 | M') # Exercise user = UserImporter.by_file(file) # Verify expect(user.gender).to be_male # Teardown file.close! end it 'imports a female user' do # ... end end

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Opte por clareza e objetividade

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https://youtu.be/Is8ThG6Fetg

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Pense no próximo
 
 ❤️

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TESTES AUTOCONTIDOS

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let(:customer) { Customer.create!(name: 'John') } let(:seller) { Seller.create!(name: 'JewelStore') } let(:product) { Product.create!(name: 'Ruby', seller: seller, price_unit: 2015) } let(:credit_card) { PaymentMethod.create!(name: 'Visa', type: 'credit card') } describe '#pay!' do it 'pays an active order with credit card' do # Setup order = Order.create!(customer: customer, seller: seller, product: product, status: :active) # Exercise order.pay!(credit_card) # Verify expect(order).to be_paid expect(order.payment_method).to eql(credit_card) # Teardown #… end end

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OBRIGADO!

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Referências

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http://bit.ly/1kwh7Fo

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http://bit.ly/1KtBaMD

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http://bit.ly/1LFSrTO

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http://bit.ly/1OmEVuv