Elixir ご紹介 - Speaker Deck

Elixir ご紹介

by Naoya Ito

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&MJYJS͝঺հ /BPZB*UP ,BJ[FO1MBUGPSN *OD 4IJCVZBFY

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͜Μʹͪ͸ɺ࢒೦ͳ ೔ຊͷ8FCٕज़ऀͰ͢

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ΞδΣϯμ •  ࿩͢͜ͱ – &MJYJSͷͬ͘͟Γಛ௃ – ݴޠతͳػೳ – 051पΓͷ֓ཁ •  ࿩͞ͳ͍͜ͱ – ࡉ͔͍γϯλοΫεŋŋŋࢀߟࢿྉΛͲ͏ͧ

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&MJYJSɺͬ͘͟Γಛ௃

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&MJYJS •  &SMBOH7.ͷ্Ͱಈ͘ •  ಈతܕ෇͚ͳؔ਺ܕݴޠ •  ͜ͳΕͨύοέʔδ؅ཧγεςϜ.JY •  ܰྔϓϩηεɺΞΫλʔʹΑΔฒߦॲཧ •  051

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3VCZ •  Ұݟ͢Δͱ3VCZͬΆ͍ •  ࣮ࡍͦΕ΄Ͳ3VCZͬΆ͘ͳ͍ •  Ή͠Ζ&SMBOH051 – γϯλοΫε͕ೃછΈ΍͍͢&SMBOH051 ͱଊ͑ͨ΄͏͕ྑ͍

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ͳͥ&MJYJS •  ϥϯλΠϜ͕ڧྗ – ΞΫλʔϞσϧʹΑΔฒߦॲཧج൫Λݴޠ ϥϯλΠϜͰඪ४౥ࡌ ͱ͍͏Θ͚Ͱɺॏཁͳͷ͸ 3VCZΈ͍ͨdͰ͸ͳ͘ɺ &SMBOH051ͷ্ʹ৐ͬͯ Δͬͯͱ͜

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ؔ਺ܕݴޠͱͯ͠ͷ&MJYJS

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ಈతܕ෇͚ͷؔ਺ܕݴޠ

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ؔ਺ܕݴޠͱͯ͠ͷ&MJYJS •  ୈҰڃؔ਺ɺߴ֊ؔ਺ •  ύλʔϯϚον •  ෆมͳσʔλܕ •  ࠶ؼ ຤ඌݺͼग़͠࠷దԽ͋Γ

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ͳ͍΋ͷ •  Ͱ͸ ͳ͍ – ੩తܕ෇͚ – ७ਮؔ਺ܕ ෭࡞༻͋Γ – ෦෼ద༻ΧϦʔԽ – 0QUJPOܕ .BZCF •  ͋ΔΑ – Ϧετ಺แදه – ஗ԆධՁɺແݶϦετ ˞ݴޠશମͰ͸ͳ͍

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ύλʔϯϚον •  &MJYJSͷจ๏ͷجૅʹͳͬͯΔػೳ – ؔ਺ܕݴޠͰ͸݁ߏΈΔŋŋŋ)BTLFMMͱ͔ – JGจͳͲΛ࢖Θͳ͍એݴతͳهड़ʹߩݙ •  ஋ͷύλʔϯΛهड़͠ɺ஋ͱর߹͢Δ – ύλʔϯͱ஋͕Ϛονͨ͠ΒɺԿ͕͔͕͠ߦ ΘΕΔ – ͸࣮͸ύλʔϯϚονԋࢉࢠ

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ύλʔϯϚον h"p://www.slideshare.net/Joe_noh/elixir-‐01

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ύλʔϯϚον εςʔλείʔυͷ ͱ͖͚ͩؔ਺͕ݺ͹ΕΔ ஋͕͜ͷߏ଄ΛؚΉͱ͖͚ͩ ݺ͹ΕΔɻ·ͨɺߏ଄಺ͷ஋ ͕XFBUIFSม਺Λଋറ

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ύλʔϯϚον࠶ؼ Ϧετ͕ۭͷͱ͖ ఀࢭ৚݅ Ϧετͷઌ಄ཁૉ͕@IFBE Λଋറɺ࢒Γ͕UBJMΛଋറ

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ύλʔϯϚονͷϢʔεέʔε •  ม਺ଋറ •  σʔλߏ଄ͷ෼ղ •  Ϧετॲཧ X࠶ؼ •  DBTFจ •  ύλʔϯຖͷؔ਺ఆٛ – ஋ʹΑΔؔ਺ͷબ୒

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cŋŋŋύΠϓϥΠϯԋࢉࢠ ؔ਺ͷ໭Γ஋Λɺ࣍ͷୈҰҾ਺ʹ౉͢ɻ 'ΠϯεύΠΞΒ͍͠ ؔ਺Λܨ͛ͯॻ͚ͯ ؾ͍͍࣋ͪ

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খ͞ͳؔ਺ΛύΠϓϥΠϯ Ͱܨ͍͛ͯ͘ͷ͕&MJYJSྲྀ ͏ʔΉɺ.BZCFཉ͍͠ŋŋŋ

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ෆมͳσʔλܕ •  σʔλܕ͸ෆม – 4USJOH -JTU 5VQMF .BQ )BTI%JDU )BTI4FU •  ཁ͢Δʹഁյతૢ࡞͕ෆՄೳ͚ͬͯͩ •  dict2 = Dict.put(dict, :foo, 3) – dict ͸ෆมɺߋ৽͞Εͨ dict2

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GPS XIJMF͕ͳ͍ •  ࠶ؼΛ࢖͏͔ ຤ඌݺͼग़͠࠷దԽ •  ͞΋ͳ͘͹ϧʔΫɺ&OVNΛ࢖͑ iex> [1,2,3] |> Enum.each fn(x) -‐> IO.puts(x) end 1 2 3 :ok iex> [1,2,3] |> Enum.reduce(0, fn(x, acc) -‐> x + acc end) 6

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Ϧετ಺แදه •  )BTLFMM౳Ͱ͓ͳ͡Έͷ – [x | x <-‐ xs, x < p] •  &MJYJSͰ͸ – for x <-‐ xs, x < p, do: x ਖ਼௚͜Εʹؔͯ͠͸ &SMBOHͦͷ··Ͱྑ͔ͬ ͨͷͰ͸ŋŋŋ ݸਓͷײ૝

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ϐλΰϥε਺Λ୳͢ "#$ Λຬͨ͢" # $ͷ੔਺ͷ ૊Λݟ͚ͭΔ

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4USFBN •  ߹੒ՄೳͰ஗ԆධՁͳ&OVNFSBCMFT – &OVN͸(SFFEZ – 4USFBN͸-B[Z •  ແݶϦετ΍஗ԆධՁ͕ཉ͍͠ͱ͖͸͜ Ε

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3BOHFΛ4USFBNʹม׵ɺ ύΠϓϥΠϯԋࢉࢠͰ pMUFSͱNBQΛ߹੒ UBLF ͨ͠ͱ͜ΖͰॳΊͯ ධՁˠ݅ͷΈܭࢉ ஗ԆධՁ

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ϑΟϘφονετϦʔϜ 4USFBNVOGPME͸ΞΩϡϜ Ϩʔλʹܭࢉ݁ՌΛੵΜͰ࠶ ؼతʹؔ਺Λద༻ &OVNUBLF ͨ͠ͱ͜Ζ ͰॳΊͯܭࢉ

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ϙϦϞʔϑΟζϜ •  ϙϦϞʔϑΟζϜͷ࣮ݱ – +BWBŋŋŋΠϯλϑΣʔεͳͲͷ্ҐͷܕͰ – 3VCZŋŋŋμοΫλϐϯάͰ – )BTLFMMŋŋŋଟ૬ܕͰ – &MJYJSŋŋŋϓϩτίϧͰ

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ϓϩτίϧ ҟͳΔσʔλܕʹಉ໊͡લ ͷؔ਺Λద༻ɻܕʹԠͯ͡ ৼΔ෣͍͕มΘΔ

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ϓϩτίϧͷྑ͍ར༻ྫ h"p://blog.drewolson.org/building-‐an-‐elixir-‐web-‐app/

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&MJYJSΒ͍͠ίʔυ •  ύλʔϯϚονΛੵۃతʹ࢖͏ •  ෭࡞༻͸ՄೳͳΒආ͚Δ෼཭ •  &OVN౳ͷؔ਺Λ૊Έ߹Θͤͯએݴతʹ ॻ͘ •  ύΠϓϥΠϯԋࢉࢠ|> ࢖͍୯Ұͷ໾ׂ ͷখ͞ͳؔ਺Λܨ͛Δ

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&SMBOH051ͱ&MJYJS

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&SMBOH7.ͷ্Ͱಈ͘ BEAM (Erlang VM) OTP Elixir

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ܰྔϓϩηε •  &SMBOH7.಺ͷ࣮ߦίϯςΩετͷ୯Ґ – 04ͷϓϩηεͰ͸ͳ͍ •  ϓϩηεϫʔυఔ౓ɻ௒ܰྔ – ϊʔυ಺Ͱ਺ඦʙ਺ઍϓϩηεͱ͔ฏؾͰ ࢖͍·͘Δ –  ϓϩηεͰʙͱ͔ͦ͏͍͏࿩΋ฉ ͘

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ܰྔϓϩηεͱฒߦ •  ܰྔϓϩηε͸7.ͰεέδϡʔϦϯά ͞Ε࣮ͯߦ͞ΕΔ •  7.͸εϨουϓʔϧ ͔֬ Ͱ࣮૷͞Ε ͍ͯΔ – ܰྔϓϩηεͰͷฒߦॲཧ͸ϚϧνίΞͰΛ ࢖͑Δ

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ΞΫλʔϞσϧ •  ϓϩηεؒ௨৴͸ϝοηʔδύογϯά – ϓϩηεͷதʹʮϝʔϧϘοΫεʯ •  ͦ͜ʹϝοηʔδΛૹΔ TFOE •  ϝοηʔδʹ͸೚ҙͷ஋Λఴ෇Մ – ϓϩηε͸ͦΕΛड৴଴ͪ SFDFJWF – ஋͸ඞͣίϐʔ͞ΕΔ ڞ༗͞Εͳ͍ •  σʔλΛڞ༗͠ͳ͍㱺ϩοΫ͕͍Βͳ͍

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ΞΫλʔϞσϧ

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051 •  ϓϩηεपΓͷඪ४ϥΠϒϥϦϑϨʔϜ ϫʔΫ܈ •  &SMBOHͷ࠷େͷࢿ࢈ – ΞΫλʔϞσϧ&SMBOH051͸ͳͲଞݴ ޠ΁େ͖ͳӨڹΛ༩͍͑ͯΔ •  ྫ4DBMBͷ"LLB

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051ϏϔΠϏΞ (FO4FSWFS ܰྔϓϩηεʹύλʔϯ ϏϔΠϏΞ ʹ৐͔ͬΔ ͚ͩͰαʔόΛ࡞ΕΔɻ ཁ͸ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ

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BTZODBXBJUͷཪͰ͸Ξ Ϋλʔ͕ॲཧΛฒྻԽ͢ Δ 051ϏϔΠϏΞ 5BTL

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4VQFSWJTPS Supervisor use GenServer ؂ࢹ ʮಥવͷࢮʂʯ ϓϩηεࢮΜͩ͠ɺઓུ ʹ߹Θͤͯ࠶ىಈ͠ͱ͘ Θ crash

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-FUJUDSBTI •  ࣦഊʹඋ͑ͳ͍ɻྫ֎Λั·͑ͳ͍ •  4VQFSWJTPSͰ؂ࢹ͓͍ͯͯ͠ɺͦͷ· ·ى͜͢ͳΓύϥϝʔλม͑ͯϦτϥΠ͞ ͤΔͳΓŋŋŋ

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4VQFSWJTJPO5SFF h"p://qiita.com/naoya@github/items/ad18b49e9ed56a72cab6

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ޠΓ͔͕ͨͬͨଟ෼͕࣌ؒͳ͍ʂ •  ܰྔϓϩηε͸γεςϜͷ৭ΜͳσβΠϯ ͱ૬৐ޮՌΛಇ͔͍ͤͯΔΑ – ύλʔϯϚονͰએݴతʹؔ਺Λબ୒͢Δ͜ ͱͱ-FUJUDSBTI͸૬ੑ͕ྑ͍Α – ϓϩηεͷΞυϨε͸ಁաੑ͕͋ͬͯɺଞͷ ϊʔυ΁ͷϝοηʔδύογϯά΋ҰॹͩΑ ˠ؆୯ʹεέʔϧ͢ΔΑ – ܰྔϓϩηε୯ҐͰ($͢Δ͔ΒϝϞϦ͍Β ͳ͘ͳͬͨΒϓϩηε͝ͱࣺͯΕ͹ྑ͍Α

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3FBDUJWF 3FBDUJWF.BOJGFTUP ϦΞΫςΟϒએݴ h"p://www.reacUvemanifesto.org/ja

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ΞΫλʔʹΑΔ ϝοηʔδύογϯά

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4VQFSWJTJPO5SFF -FUJUDSBTI

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ܰྔϓϩηεͷ ΞυϨεಁաੑ

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&SMBOHͱͷ૬ޓޓ׵ੑ •  &SMBOHͱ&MJYJS͸૬ޓޓ׵ – &SMBOHͷϥΠϒϥϦΛ&MJYJSͰ࢖͑Δ – &MJYJSͷΛ&SMBOHͰ΋࢖͑Δ

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΄͔

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.JY)FY •  Ϗϧυπʔϧύοέʔδ؅ཧ – 3VCZͷ#VOEMFSSVCZHFNT – /PEFKTͷOQN

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IDDBXFTPNFFMJYJS •  ϥΠϒϥϦͷϦϯΫू

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%JBMZ[FS ιʔεʹܕ৘ใΛΞϊςʔ γϣϯ͠ͱ͘ͱ ੩తܕνΣοΫ͸Ͱ͖Δ

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ϚΫϩ

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&MJYJSೖ໳ιʔε ೔ຊޠ •  8FC%#13&44WPM –  IUUQHJIZPKQNBHB[JOFXEQSFTTBSDIJWFWPM •  +PF@OPI͞ΜͷεϥΠυू –  IUUQXXXTMJEFTIBSFOFU+PF@OPIQSFTFOUBUJPOT •  (FUUJOH4UBSUFEͷ຋༁ –  IUUQFMJYJSKBTFOBOFUXPSLTHFUUJOH@TUBSUFEIUNM •  2JJUBr&MJYJS –  IUUQTRJJUBDPNUBHTFMJYJS

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&MJYJSຊ͓͢͢Ί

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·ͱΊ •  &MJYJS͸&SMBOH051ͱζο༑ •  ಈతܕ෇͚ͷؔ਺ܕݴޠ – ͱɺݴͬͯ΋ා͘ͳ͍ – ύλʔϯϚονɺύΠϓϥΠϯԋࢉࢠɺ &OVN4USFBN •  051ͰΞΫλʔͳฒߦॲཧ •  -FUJUDSBTI