Asynchronous programming with PHP

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Asynchronous programming with PHP Bruce (Baokun) Dou @doubaokun 18th Oct 2017

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About me • Software Engineer and Architect • Twitter: @doubaokun • Email: [email protected] • Github: github.com/doubaokun • Application performance optimization • Realtime data processing system • Infrastructure

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#APO Tracelytics / Appneta, 2015

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Transfon.com    APO => Cost reduction    Saving the ?

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I/O bound vs CPU bound

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Communication vs Computation

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• PHP (7) • Asynchoronous & non-blocking IO • Asynchoronous PHP • PHP Extension and PHP server • Swoole: Async programming framework Summary

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PHP

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Why PHP As of 2017, PHP comprises more than 80% of the websites on the Internet.

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The performance of PHP 7

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Awesome

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Traditional PHP model • LNMP (LAMP): Linux, Nginx, MySQL, PHP-FPM • Originally created as a templating language • Thread/process based model • Blocking IO and Sync • Stateless and scalable • FastCGI • Process per connection is memory expensive • Build up everything then destroy everything • Triggered by user request (No scheduler) • Process per connection is easy for 504 timeout

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1.Receive the request 2.Load and compile files and codes 3.Initialize the objects and variables 4.Execute the functions 5.Send the response 6.Recycle the resources The life cycle of HTTP request in PHP

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Pros and Cons of PHP Pros Cons Simple and easy No IoT (asynchronous I/O) Huge Ecosystem Difficult to implement Server side protocol and services: TCP Socket, SMTP, MQTT, WebSocket, Thrift, etc Sync Simple and easy Sync One wait stop all Stateless Stateless Scalable Low performance Robust No long-live connection No pooling

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Async and non-blocking I/O

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Sync vs Async http://mikecantelon.com/talks/trijug/preso.html#14

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How to do async tasks Message Queue or Task Queue Restful services or RPC Ajax CURL Fork a new process/thread CRON vs I/O multiplexing, Non-blocking I/O, IPC

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Why non-blocking I/O matters Multiple cores and fast CPU vs slow Network I/O

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Why non-blocking I/O matters Multiple cores and fast CPU vs slow Network I/O

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Linux I/O multiplexing, non-blocking • select() monitors the sockets’ status flag and return the status of all sockets, manually iterate through all the fds (C10K problem) • poll() similar to select() but allocate an array of pollfd, can handle more than 1024 sockets •epoll() monitors sockets’ status and trigger related events, and only return triggered events array.

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Decoupling IO and Computation

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libevent

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libuv

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Reactor pattern

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Reactor pattern

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• Node.js • Netty (Java) • Twisted (Python) • Ruby (EventMachine) • Akka (Scala) • Swoole (PHP) Reactor pattern

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Async vs parallel Responsiveness vs Performance

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Async PHP

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The problems we like to sort out for PHP • High concurrency, large number of connections • Long-live connections, real-time services • Long-live connections to DB, Cache, RPC etc • Support more server side protocols • Server side programming • Scheduler • Async tasks need 3rd party services • Manage and reuse the status in memory • Performance

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Async PHP server side options • ReactPHP • Workerman • Swoole

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1.Load and compile files and codes 2.Initialize the objects and variables 3.Receive the request 4.Execute the functions 5.Send the response 6.Recycle the resources The life cycle of HTTP request in PHP

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Not a replacement for 80% PHP web applications

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But it opens the door for PHP developers: • RPC server • Websocket server • TCP server • High performance services • High concurrency systems (C100K) • Internet of things server • Compete with language X, Y, Z

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PHP Extension

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PHP Extension

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Demo https://github.com/doubaokun/rxserver

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Swoole https://www.swoole.co.uk/ High performance, Open source, Production ready async programming framework for PHP @php_swoole

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https://gist.github.com/nkt/e49289321c744155484c

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PSR-7 HTTP Message Interfaces http://symfony.com/blog/psr-7-support-in-symfony-is-here https://www.drupal.org/node/2492955 https://laravel.com/docs/5.1/requests